All publications

Guidelines

Guidelines on fair treatment of seafarers detained in connection with alleged crimes

The present Guidelines are intended to be a reference tool for principles that can be reflected in the design and implementation of policies, strategies, programmes, legislation, administrative measures and social dialogue mechanisms on the fair...

Formalization of micro and small enterprises and their employees: Experiences from Nepal

This document is part of a series of case studies by the ENTERPRISES Department of the ILO. Each case study presents one or several approaches that contribute to enterprise formalization across the world. The case studies provide a snapshot on a...

Formalization of micro and small enterprises and their employees: Experiences from Cabo Verde

This document is part of a series of case studies by the ENTERPRISES Department of the ILO. Each case study presents one or several approaches that contribute to enterprise formalization across the world. The case studies provide a snapshot on a...

Formalization of micro and small enterprises and their workers: Experiences from Senegal

This document is part of a series of case studies by the ENTERPRISES Department of the ILO. Each case study presents one or several approaches that contribute to enterprise formalization across the world. The case studies provide a snapshot on a...

Eradicating forced labour: The ILO approach

This brochure presents the ILO's comprehensive expertise and approach to combating forced labour globally. Drawing on its unique tripartite governance and international labour standards, the ILO offers targeted, evidence-based interventions to...

Policy Brief on Assistive Technology (AT) and Employment

This policy brief by ATscale and the International Labour Organization (ILO) highlights the crucial role of Assistive Technology (AT) in expanding employment opportunities for persons with disabilities. It discusses the barriers faced by both AT...

Domestic Workers’ Day: Social Media Challenge Guide

WSSD2 Brief

From commitment to action: The Global Accelerator on Jobs and Social Protection for Just Transitions

This brief outlines how the Global Accelerator on Jobs and Social Protection helps countries design and finance integrated policies for decent work, universal social protection, and just transitions. It highlights the initiative’s role in advancing...

The 2025 Policy also addresses emerging issues, such as the recent impacts of climate change, which have negatively affected the welfare of Persons with Disabilities.

The 2025 National Policy on Persons with Disabilities

The 2025 National Policy on Persons with Disabilities identifies gaps that were not addressed by the 2015 Policy, include inadequate coordination of disability-related matters among institutions; ongoing inclusion challenges leading to limited...

Impact insurance

The impact of inclusive insurance: A systematic review of the literature (2013 to 2024)

Financial inclusion professionals work on the premise that insurance can be one of the tools to build financial resilience and support social and economic development. This is done through the pooling of risk, relieving the insured from the full...

Framework Working Group

Social protection, climate change and employment in Africa

This paper discusses the current state of social protection systems in Africa, their challenges, and the relationship between social protection, climate change and employment. It also provides a brief overview of the jobs implications of climate...

Framework Working Group

Artificial intelligence adoption and its impact on jobs

This paper, drawing primarily upon recent and ongoing research at the ILO, suggests a landscape where AI is more likely to augment human capabilities and enhance productivity in many roles rather than leading to widespread automation, although...

Formalization

Research brief: Returns to education in Viet Nam: Earnings, education and the transition to formality

This brief explores whether higher qualifications still lead to better earnings in Viet Nam, and how education and training shape workers’ transitions from informal to formal employment.

Employer perspectives on social protection for expatriate workers in Kuwait

This report complements a review of national social protection legislation in GCC countries and presents a perspective on social protection from the point of view of employers registered with the Kuwait Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KCCI)....

Report

Economic factors for wage setting

This report is part of an effort by the International Labour Organization (ILO) to strengthen the evidence base for wage setting and to support governments and social partners in negotiating and determining adequate wage levels that take into...

World Employment and Social Outlook 2025: Asia and the Pacific May Update

This Asia and the Pacific May Update of the World Employment and Social Outlook 2025 examines recent trends in employment growth, the impact of global uncertainties and policy measures to support workers and enterprises in Asia and the Pacific.

A practice brief

Advancing a just transition through nationally determined contributions

Integrating a just transition in nationally determined contributions (NDCs) provides a crucial basis to leverage the contribution of climate action to decent work, social equity and sustainable development, and it is a key enabler of climate...

Flagship report

World Employment and Social Outlook: May 2025 Update

This update of the World Employment and Social Outlook report examines how a deteriorating global economic outlook is impacting labour markets worldwide.

ILO Working Paper 142

Developing effective digital case management systems for labour dispute prevention and resolution institutions

Lessons learned from the ILO 2025 South-South and Triangular Cooperation workshop on digital case management systems

Country brief

Care at work in the Republic of Moldova