All publications: informal employment + informal enterprises + informal economy

Fact sheet

Enhancing Labour Rights in the Informal Economy (ELRIE)

The project aims to ensure that informal economy workers, especially women, can better exercise their labour and social protection rights and benefit from improved access to relevant services and protection. It focuses on three main outcomes.

Formalization

Research report: Informal employment in Viet Nam through a gender lens

This report by the Institute of Labour Science and Social Affairs (ILSSA) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) provides a comprehensive analysis of informal employment in Viet Nam through a gender lens, highlighting the structural,...

SOLIFEM project

Skills mapping in Egypt: Opportunity scouting and skills mapping analysis

The Skills Mapping in Egypt study, conducted by the International Labour Organization (ILO) under the Social Dialogue for Formalization and Employability in the Southern Neighbourhood (SOLIFEM) project—co-funded by the European Union (EU)—assesses...

Fact sheet

Supporting a Talent Partnership with Bangladesh

This publication provides comprehensive information about the Talent Partnership project, which is implemented by ILO Bangladesh and funded by the European Union.

ILO-UNEP-IUCN report

Decent Work in Nature-Based Solutions 2024: Unlocking jobs through investment in skills and nature-based infrastructure

The second report in a biennial series on decent work, just transition and nature-based solutions

Diagnostic report on undeclared work in Moldova

The high prevalence of undeclared work represents one of the biggest challenges for the labour market and the social protection system in Moldova. Some 22 per cent of the employed population in both informal and formal enterprises were employed...

Market systems development for decent work

Starting strong: Getting inception right in projects using the MSD approach

Research Brief

Cambodia: Addressing informality in the construction sector

This brief is based on the report Diagnostic of Informality in the Cambodian Construction Sector.

Research Brief

Cambodia: Addressing informality in the cashew nut industry

This brief, based on the report Diagnostic of Informality in the Cambodian Cashew Nut Industry, presents the overall informal economy in the Cambodian cashew nut sector; the situation of informal workers and economic units; and the diversity of...

Informal economy

Diagnostic of informality in the Cambodian cashew nut industry

This study seeks to profile the informal economy within the Cambodian cashew nut industry. It aims to unveil the extent and composition of the informal economy while identifying key factors—labour-related, production-related,...

ILO Sustaining Competitive and Responsible Enterprises Training Annual Update 2023-24

Since 2009, the SCORE Programme has been implemented in over 30 countries across Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin America,the Middle East, Eastern Europe and Central Asia. As of August 2024, nearly 1 million workers and managers in more than 5,600...

ILO Working Paper 126

Resolution of labour disputes involving new forms of employment in China

Based on the study of arbitration and judicial cases involving new forms of employment, this working paper identifies and examines notable characteristics of disputes involving new forms of employment. This working paper found that the number of...

Formalization

Defining legal status for household businesses in Viet Nam - Key to formalization

This paper sets out key limitations in current regulations applicable to private enterprises and expands on the various work-arounds that result in the continuing growth of household businesses that are not legally recognized.

Formalization

Workers in informal employment in the wood industry of Viet Nam

This study aims to paint an insightful picture of workers in informal employment in Viet Nam’s wood industry, identify challenges, and determine factors behind informality and suggest ways forward towards formalization for Viet Nam.

Formalization

Promoting formalization in the Viet Nam coffee industry : Employers' viewpoints towards supporting agricultural households - A summary

This brief summarizes the findings of the study, carried out in 2022-2023, and provides an overview of the main segments in the coffee value chain and explores opportunities for formalization.

Report

Strengthening women’s cooperatives: The experience of SEWA Cooperative Federation

This report aims to explore the challenges and opportunities for cooperatives and other social and solidarity economy entities in empowering women workers in the informal economy, with a specific focus on the experience of the SEWA Cooperative...

Informality and Structural Transformation in Egypt, Iraq and Jordan

A framework for assessing policy responses in the MENA region

Impact of social policies adopted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic on informal employment in Argentina

SOLIFEM

Identifying skills for transitions to formality in the Lebanese agri-food sector

Focus on Dairy Production and Non-Alcoholic Beverages

SOLIFEM

Diagnostic analysis of informality in agriculture, agri-food, and construction

This diagnostic study is part of the International Labour Organization (ILO) SOLIFEM project, which seeks to support the transition from the informal to the formal economy through tripartite social dialogue in the countries of the Southern...