All publications

Informality

Mapping of barriers and opportunities to reduce the informality of enterprises in Pakistan

The study is an outcome of the partnership between the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA), which provides an overview of the formal and informal business ecosystem in Pakistan....

Research Paper No.20

The effects of automation in the apparel and footwear industries and their gender dimensions: Indonesia case study

Technical note

ILO care policy investment simulator: Technical note

This Technical Note provides guidance on how to use the online ILO Care Policy Investment Simulator by explaining the underlying methodology, calculations and results. The Simulator helps build tailor-made care policy investment packages to fill...

Placement agencies and migrant live-in domestic workers in an Indian metro city: A view from below into the evolving practices of...

This report examines the role of placement agencies in the migration of live-in domestic workers from Ganjam, Odisha to Mumbai, Maharashtra. Based on fieldwork conducted in Mumbai in the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic, it primarily draws on...

Addressing sexual harrassment and GBV at workplaces and promoting women’s economic empowerment

Cambodia Decent Work Country Programme for 2024-2028

The 2024–28 Decent Work Country Programme (DWCP) for the Kingdom of Cambodia provides a five-year framework for cooperation between the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the national constituents (the Cambodia Government and employers’ and...

Report on the assessment of the National Social Security Fund Haba Haba plan design and possibilities for inclusion of refugees and...

The launch of the NSSF Haba Haba scheme in 2019 was meant to address the product needs of the missing middle (informal and rural economy workers) who had been left out in the initial design. While the scheme targeted informal sector workers, it left...

Impact of social policies adopted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic on informal employment in Argentina

ILO Working Paper 115

Imbalances between supply and demand Recent causes of labour shortages in advanced economies

This paper examines recent labour shortages by analysing imbalances between labour supply and demand. It explores key drivers, including demographic change, shifting worker preferences and sectoral developments, and discusses how labour market...

United Arab Emirates: Regulatory framework governing migrant workers

The country briefs map the key legal provisions dealing with migrant workers in eight Arab countries, summarizing the legal rules about who pays for recruitment, whether passport confiscation is prohibited by law, minimum working conditions...

Kingdom of Eswatini

National occupational safety and health profile

Assessing employment effects for the health and care workforce: a guiding framework

Understanding the ratification and implementation process of the fundamental Conventions on occupational safety and health

Voices

Behind the Seams

Understanding labour conditions in the Argentine garment sector through worker experiences

Fundamental principles and rights at work

Intertwined

Opportunities and challenges to strengthen the fundamental principles and rights at work in the value chain of the garment industry in Argentina

ILO Working paper 114

Institutional and labour relations regimes promoting decent working conditions for Local and Regional Government (LRG) Workers in Croatia,...

This publication presents a comparative analysis of the Local and Regional Government (LRG) sector workforce in five European countries: Croatia, Germany, Greece, Spain, and Sweden.

Women in Sports in Jordan - Goal for Life: Upskilling Fitness Trainers and Personal Trainers

In conjunction with a strategic partnership between the Ministry of Youth in Jordan and the International Labour Organization (ILO), “Goal for Life” programme, was conceptualised and implemented by Mudarrib, known for its expertise in sports...

Formalization of the Informal Economy Project

ISSA Guidelines- Administrative Solutions for Coverage Extension

The formalization of the Informal Economy Project translated the ISSA guideline on Administrative Solutions for Coverage Extension into Mongolian and distributed to Social Insurance Offices in 21 provinces and 9 districts. The guideline aims to...

ADBI-OECD-ILO joint publication

Labor migration in Asia: Trends, skills certification, and seasonal work

The report describes the labour migration landscape and trends in Asia as the region continues its post-COVID-19 pandemic recovery.

Universal social protection for all carers: A necessity for securing long-term care in the context of population ageing

The world’s population is ageing as an increasing number of countries go through a demographic transition. This phenomenon is emerging more rapidly in low- and middle-income countries than in highincome countries with two out of three older persons...