All publications: EU
India-Italy Migration Corridor Analysis: Trends & Opportunities
The India–Italy Migration Corridor Analysis supports the India–Italy Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement (MMPA) by offering verified insights on migration pathways, skills, and opportunities for students and workers, highlighting key...
Background paper prepared by the International Labour Office
Effective enforcement of labour standards: governance, labour inspection and the protection of migrant workers
Background paper prepared by the International Labour Office at the request of the Irish Presidency of the Council of the European Union for the informal meeting of employment ministers, which took place in Ballina, Ireland, on 5 and 6 July 2026.
Joint ITCILO-INTEFP publication
Summer school on social dialogue: Industrial relations and due diligence
This volume presents selected papers and reflections from the first edition of the Summer School on Social Dialogue, dedicated to industrial relations and human rights due diligence.
ILO Working Paper 175
Does a General-Purpose Large Language Model Improve Physicians’ Clinical Reasoning?
This working paper examines whether access to a general-purpose large language model can improve physicians’ clinical reasoning, drawing on a randomized trial involving doctors in Indonesia, Kenya and the Netherlands. It also explores how such tools...
India-Austria Migration Corridor Analysis: Trends & Opportunities
The India–Austria Migration Corridor Analysis supports the India–Austria Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement (MMPA) by offering verified insights on migration pathways, skills, and opportunities for students and workers, highlighting key...
Social dialogue and tripartism
Institutionalizing social dialogue for green and digital transitions in Europe and Central Asia
This regional brief examines how social dialogue can help countries in Europe and Central Asia manage the green and digital transitions in a fair, inclusive and employment-centred way.
ILO Working Paper 171
The role of national social dialogue institutions in shaping investment policies
This paper examines how national social dialogue institutions can help align foreign direct investment with decent work and sustainable development. Drawing on eleven case studies, it highlights emerging practices, institutional challenges and...
Technical Report
The Impact of Active Labour Market Programmes on Youth
This joint ILO and World Bank report synthesizes over three decades of impact evaluation evidence across 62 countries to assess the impact of Active Labour Market Programmes (ALMPs) on young people's employment and earnings outcomes.
Social Dialogue and Collective Bargaining in Montenegro: A Rapid Assessment
The rapid assessment provides a summary overview of the legal framework, institutional arrangements and performance, and practical functioning of social dialogue and collective bargaining in Montenegro. By highlighting strengths, structural...
ILO key messages for the EU Global Health Resilience Initiative
The International Labour Office has contributed to the European Commission’s consultation on the EU Global Health Resilience Initiative. This brief highlights key elements for such an initiative.
India Germany Migration Corridor Analysis: Trends & Opportunities
The India–Germany Migration Corridor Analysis supports the India–Germany Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement (MMPA) by offering verified insights on migration pathways, skills, and opportunities for students and workers, highlighting key...
Migrant workers
Predeparture information for Indians going to the European Union – Version II
The handbook covers various aspects of the migration process aiming at sensitizing migrants to better prepare them for their migration process to the EU. A second version of the handbook was prepared in December 2025 under EU-India Cooperation...
ILO key messages for the EU Skills Portability Initiative
The International Labour Office has contributed to the European Commission’s consultation on the EU Skills Portability Initiative. The Initiative represents an important opportunity to improve transparency, facilitate the recognition of...
Labour migration
Towards fair seas: Recruitment and working conditions for migrant workers in the fishing and seafood processing sectors in South-East Asia
This comprehensive regional survey assesses the working and living conditions for migrants in the fishing and seafood processing sectors, including the prevalence of forced labour.
ILO Working paper 161
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Nursing Profession in Germany
This working paper explores how artificial intelligence is being introduced into the nursing profession in Germany and what this means for working conditions and job quality. Drawing on survey data, it assesses current levels of AI adoption and...
Background paper prepared by the International Labour Office
Fair employment for social justice
ILO key messages for enhancing the EU Strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities
Research brief
The potential of import bans to address forced labour
This research brief examines the growing use of forced labour import bans as a policy tool to address labour rights abuses in the global economy. It provides an evidence-based overview of how such bans operate in practice, their potential impacts on...
Joint ILO - EU report
Mapping enterprise formalization measures in tourism in the European Union
Tourism plays a crucial role in economic growth and employment generation in European countries. However, informality remains a significant challenge in the sector contributing to deficits in decent work and sustainability and undermines tax...
Collective bargaining and collective agreements in Serbia's private sector
The International Labour Organization’s first comprehensive report on collective bargaining in Serbia’s private sector reveals significant potential for growth and improvement. While only 13 percent of private companies currently have collective...