The image depicts a group of women seated in a circle on a patterned mat, actively conversing and holding papers.

Policy resources

Domestic workers and Cooperatives

Rural cooperative (supported by the ILO) gathering women from the district of Lahore, Pakistan. © Marcel Crozet / ILO

The ILO defines a cooperative as “an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise” (The ILO Promotion of Cooperatives Recommendation, 2002 No. 193). Cooperatives can provide a way out of precarious and informal working arrangements.

By forming cooperative enterprises, domestic workers can access a practical and relevant model for domestic workers to improve their livelihoods and conditions of work. Cooperatives offer domestic workers, who often experience barriers to collective bargaining, a collective voice to advocate for their rights with employers and policy makers. This can make it easier to achieve decent working conditions, fair levels of remuneration, as well as access to services, trainings and education, housing, and financial services as well as care services for their own families.