Working papers
ILO Working paper 80
Realizing the opportunities of the platform economy through freedom of association and collective bargaining
This study provides empirical evidence from different regions of the world to identify avenues for platform economy workers to access freedom of association and collective bargaining.
ILO Working paper 79
COVID-19 Among Migrant Farmworkers in Canada: Employment Strain in a Transnational Context
This study analyzes the conditions that migrant farmworkers in Canada endured prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2020-March 2022).
ILO Working paper 78
Labour market policies for inclusiveness: A literature review with a gap analysis
This paper reviews the role of specific fiscal spending and transfer programmes in shaping labour market dynamics by disentangling different macroeconomic and microeconomic mechanisms.
ILO Working paper 77
The effects of COVID-19 on businesses: key versus non-key firms
This paper analyzes how a specific differentiation by governments throughout the world – whether a sector was deemed “essential” or “key” – affected firm performance.
ILO Working paper 76
The role of tripartite social dialogue in facilitating a just transition: Experiences from selected countries
This Working Paper analyses the role of tripartite social dialogue in supporting green workplaces and, more generally, promoting just transitions at enterprise level.
ILO Working Paper 74
Collective bargaining in seven European countries throughout the pandemic
This Working Paper investigates developments in social dialogue and collective bargaining during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in a selection of European countries.
ILO Working paper 75
Using Online Vacancy and Job Applicants’ Data to Study Skills Dynamics
This paper explores the potential of online job vacancy and application data for analysing skills dynamics, particularly where other data sources are scarce. Using data from Uruguay’s BuscoJobs platform, it develops a skills taxonomy and applies...
ILO working paper 73
Social dialogue in the Public Services in South Asia
A comparative overview of the laws, institutions and practices in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka
ILO Working paper 72
Why should we integrate income and employment support? A conceptual and empirical investigation
This paper conceptualizes, for the first time, the implementation of policy approaches that integrate active labour market policies within income support schemes, focusing on low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We develop a conceptual framework...
ILO Working paper 71
How corporate social responsibility and sustainable development functions impact the workplace: A review of the literature
This report sets out to analyse the emergence and distinctive impact of corporate social responsibility and sustainable development (CSR/SD) functions and professionals within organizations. By evaluating the literature on this topic, it seeks to...
ILO Working paper 68
Methodological issues related to the use of online labour market data
This paper provides a mapping of existing research that employs online labour market data in countries of different income levels. It discusses the potential of these data for understanding labour market phenomena, such as those related to skills,...
ILO Working paper 70
A global analysis of worker protest in digital labour platforms
This paper presents findings from the Leeds Index of Platform Labour Protest, a database of platform worker protest events around the world in four platform sectors: ride-hailing, food delivery, courier services and grocery delivery for the period...
ILO Working Paper 69
Growth, economic structure and informality
This paper explores the relationship between economic growth and informality and highlights the role of GDP growth and its composition in the level and evolution of informality, using country data from 1991 to 2019.
ILO working paper 67
Social dialogue in the Public Services in selected ASEAN Countries
A comparative overview of the laws, institutions and practices in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand
ILO Working paper 65
Skills and employment transitions in Brazil
This paper analyses employment transitions and workers’ skills in Brazil between 2003 to 2018, developing a novel procedure to derive a measure of occupational distance and internationally comparable skill measures from occupations’ task...
ILO Working paper 64
Gendered Safety Nets and Growing Inequality: Pandemic-induced Recession in India
In the absence of adequate social security for migrant workers, the recession induced by the COVID-19 pandemic forced the mass return of millions of circular migrants who were supported by their rural households of largely left-behind women. In...
ILO Working paper 62
Protection of workers’ personal data: General principles
This working paper gives an overview of legal standards related to personal data protection. It explores trends, principles and good practices and brings them in relation to the world of work.
ILO Working paper 61
Key workers in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic
The study is an analysis of the experience of key workers in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. It finds that although the pandemic reshaped the work environment, workers’ concerns regarding the future were not tied directly to concerns about...
ILO Working paper 59
The return of fiscal policy
The new European Union macroeconomic activism and lessons for future reform.
ILO Working paper 60
Mobile internet, skills and structural transformation in Rwanda
We study the impact of mobile internet rollout on Rwanda’s labour market. Areas with higher mobile internet coverage experience an increase in employment opportunities, especially towards high skilled and high-value-added activities.