Employment impact assessment of the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme, Malawi

Using a mixed-methods approach that combines econometric analysis of household survey data, satellite-based remote sensing and qualitative fieldwork, the study assesses changes in agricultural production, employment patterns and rural livelihoods. It examines how improved water availability has influenced labour demand, cropping intensity and the expansion of dry-season farming within the scheme.

The findings indicate that the scheme has contributed to increased agricultural activity and higher labour intensity, supporting seasonal employment and strengthening livelihoods for participating farmers. However, employment gains are largely concentrated in informal and low-skilled work, with ongoing challenges related to job quality, scheme governance, water management and access to markets. The report provides recommendations to enhance decent work, support value chain development and maximize the long-term employment potential of irrigation investments, particularly in view of the scheme’s planned expansion.