All publications: Estonia
Background paper prepared by the International Labour Office
Fair employment for social justice
Joint ILO - EU report
Mapping enterprise formalization measures in tourism in the European Union
Tourism plays a crucial role in economic growth and employment generation in European countries. However, informality remains a significant challenge in the sector contributing to deficits in decent work and sustainability and undermines tax...
ILO Working paper 32
Digital Work in Eastern Europe: Overview of Trends, Outcomes, and Policy Responses
This paper presents the emergence and growth of digital labour markets in Eastern Europe over the period 1999-2019. It presents the profiles of digital workers, their working conditions and discusses how these are shaped by the business models of...
Social dialogue and the Future of Work
Enhancing social partners’ and social dialogue’s roles and capacity in the new world of work
E-Estonia: The digital society
New technologies are continuously transforming the world of work. An increasing number of governments are promoting the application of new technologies to simplify and facilitate the transition from the informal to the formal economy (e-formality)....
Reversing Pension Privatizations. Rebuilding public pension systems in Eastern Europe and Latin America
From 1981 to 2014, thirty countries privatized fully or partially their public mandatory pensions; as of 2018, eighteen countries have reversed the privatization.
Measuring Curricula Mismatch for Food Processing and Tourism Sectors in Belize
A look at the degree to which labour demands are met by educational institutions
Extension of Social Security - Working Paper - ESS 71
The Reversal of Pension Privatization in Venezuela
Extension of Social Security - Working Paper - ESS 72
Second-pillar pension re-reforms in Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Latvia, Macedonia, Romania, and Slovakia. Benefit payouts amidst continuing...
Social Protection for Children
Child Benefits in Central and Eastern Europe - A comparative review
The purpose of this report is to review the social protection policy for children in Central and Eastern European countries. In particular, the analysis of this report focuses on cash child benefits (family allowances) and their impact on child...
Living and working conditions in inland navigation in Europe
This study explores various aspects of the inland navigation in the European region, addressing all the essential aspects in relation to the working and living conditions of the crews, including relevant laws and regulations, occupational safety and...
Skills for green jobs in Estonia
Background country study