Factors, counter-trafficking programmes, and geographical variations in human trafficking literature (2010–2022)

Human trafficking remains one of the most pressing human rights challenges of our time, affecting millions worldwide. Understanding the factors that contribute to trafficking, evaluating the effectiveness of counter-trafficking programmes, and analysing geographical variations in policy implementation are crucial to developing evidence-based solutions.

This paper provides a comprehensive review of research trends and interventions in human trafficking. It highlights key findings on vulnerabilities, policy gaps, and best practices in combatting trafficking. Additionally, the study introduces the Human Trafficking Evidence Gap Map (EGM), an innovative tool designed to bridge the research-to-policy gap by identifying priority areas for future research.

By enhancing our collective understanding of trafficking dynamics, this research supports policymakers, advocates, and researchers in their efforts to strengthen legal frameworks, develop targeted interventions, and foster international cooperation. The research was developed under the framework of the ILO's “From Research to Action (RTA)” project, funded by the U.S. Department of Labor.

The authors, Claudia Macaveiu (Oxford Brookes University), and Lorraine Wong and Lorenzo Guarcello (ILO FUNDAMENTALS), collaborated closely with the International Advisory Board (IAB) in developing the Human Trafficking Evidence Gap Map (EGM) through consultation workshops.