All publications: artificial intelligence
Trends in remuneration and working time: Recorded media and live performance
This dedicated ILO study examines remuneration and working time in the recorded media and live performance subsectors, analysing how project-based work, contractual arrangements, digitalization, streaming and AI are reshaping pay and work...
ILO Working Paper 182
AI Ethics and the ILO’s international labour standards system: exploring synergies
This working paper explores the relationship between AI ethics principles and the ILO’s international labour standards, identifying areas of convergence and divergence. It examines how both frameworks can complement and reinforce each other to...
Research brief
Artificial intelligence adoption in Chinese enterprises: Productivity effects, workforce implications, and policy challenges
This research brief explores the adoption of artificial intelligence in Chinese enterprises and its implications for productivity, employment and the world of work.
Publication
Changing landscape of skills in the age of AI
AI adoption is reshaping workplace skills, increasing demand for cognitive, socioemotional, digital and AI skills, while highlighting AI literacy, adaptability, resilience and human agency as essential for the future of work.
ILO Working Paper 175
Does a General-Purpose Large Language Model Improve Physicians’ Clinical Reasoning?
This working paper examines whether access to a general-purpose large language model can improve physicians’ clinical reasoning, drawing on a randomized trial involving doctors in Indonesia, Kenya and the Netherlands. It also explores how such tools...
Research brief
The impact of GenAI on jobs, productivity and work organization: a review of the empirical evidence
This research brief reviews emerging empirical evidence on how generative AI is affecting jobs, productivity and work organization. It examines findings from experiments, firm-level data, platform studies and worker surveys to better understand how...
Joint ILO-UN ESCWA report
Artificial Intelligence and Employment Futures for the Arab Region
Artificial Intelligence and Employment Futures for the Arab Region” is a joint ILO-ESCWA (United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia) publication that examines how AI could reshape jobs and labour markets across the Arab region...
Research brief
Why Universal Basic Income is not the answer to the impact of AI on the labour market
This research brief examines how artificial intelligence (AI) may affect labour markets and discusses policy responses related to employment, productivity and income support. Drawing on historical examples and economic analysis, it explores how AI...
Research brief
The Aggregation Paradox of AI: Why do micro-economic productivity gains from AI disappear at scale
This research brief examines why strong productivity gains from artificial intelligence (AI) observed at the task and individual worker level have not yet translated into measurable productivity growth at the firm, sectoral or macroeconomic level....
ILO Working Paper 170
AI systems @ work: a changing psychosocial work environment
This working paper examines how AI systems are transforming the psychosocial work environment, focusing on their effects on workers’ mental and social well-being. It explores emerging workplace risks linked to digitalization, including surveillance,...
ILO Working Paper 168
Nursing and Artificial Intelligence in the Republic of Korea
This working paper explores how artificial intelligence is being introduced into nursing work in the Republic of Korea and what this means in practice. It highlights the gap between technological innovation and frontline needs, pointing to the...
Research brief
Workers’ exposure to AI: What indicators tell us – and what they don’t
This brief examines how workers’ exposure to artificial intelligence is measured and what current indicators suggest about the potential transformation of jobs. It clarifies the strengths and limitations of existing approaches and emphasizes that...
ILO working paper 166
Disruption without dividend? - How the digital divide and task differences split GenAI’s global impact
This paper examines how Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) may affect labour markets across 135 countries, covering around two-thirds of global employment. It focuses on how exposure differs between advanced and developing economies, and how...
Report for the Technical meeting (Geneva, 13–17 April 2026)
AI in manufacturing: Challenges and opportunities for promoting decent work, productivity and a just transition
Report
Adoption of Artificial Intelligence and productivity growth in Kuwait’s private sector
Artificial intelligence is moving rapidly into day-to-day business operations, offering firms new opportunities to enhance productivity and competitiveness. This ILO report, based on enterprise-level insights from Kuwait, highlights how companies...
Research brief
Gen AI, occupational segregation and gender equality in the world of work
Marking International Women’s Day, this ILO research brief examines how generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) may shape gender equality in the world of work. Drawing on an innovative global index of occupational exposure to Gen AI and new...
ILO Working paper 161
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Nursing Profession in Germany
This working paper explores how artificial intelligence is being introduced into the nursing profession in Germany and what this means for working conditions and job quality. Drawing on survey data, it assesses current levels of AI adoption and...
Research brief
Generative AI and jobs in the Philippines: Labour market exposure and policy implications
As generative artificial intelligence (AI) adoption accelerates in the Philippines, this brief examines who is most exposed, where the risks lie, and how AI is reshaping the labour market and transforming jobs especially for women and youth.
G7
Compendium of best practices for a human-centered development and use of Artificial Intelligence in the world of work
This compendium of best practices to advance the implementation of the 2024 G7 Action Plan for a human-centered adoption of safe, secure and trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) in the world of work was developed under the G7 Employment Working...
Enablers of AI adoption
AI adoption among employer and business member organizations in Asia and the Pacific