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Working Time and Work-Life Balance Around the World

06 January 2023

Working Time and Work-Life Balance Around the World provides a comprehensive review of both main aspects of working time – working hours and working time arrangements (also called work schedules) – and their effects on workers' work-life balance.
Negotiations by workers in the informal economy

04 January 2023

This paper provides empirical evidence from Africa, Asia and the Americas on negotiations and collective bargaining by workers in the informal economy.

Protection against acts of anti-union discrimination: Evidence from the updated IRLex database

25 November 2022

Anti-union discrimination is one of the most serious violations of freedom of association, as it may jeopardize the very existence of trade unions. This IRLex factsheet provides a summary of the International Labour Standards protecting workers against acts of anti-union discrimination as well as a comparative overview of how different legal system around the world seek to regulate it and ensure its effective protection.

Realizing the opportunities of the platform economy through freedom of association and collective bargaining

30 September 2022

This study provides empirical evidence from different regions of the world to identify avenues for platform economy workers to access freedom of association and collective bargaining.

Extension of collective agreements: Evidence from the updated IRLex database

30 June 2022

Collective agreements are the result of collective bargaining between one or more workers' organisations, on the one hand, and one or more employers or employers' organisations, on the other hand, to determine the terms and conditions of employment and to regulate the relations between workers and employers and their respective organisations. In accordance with general principles of contract law, such agreements should only be binding on the parties to the agreement. However, regulatory frameworks often provide for the extension of collective agreements beyond the signatory parties subject to the fulfilment of certain conditions or requirements. This factsheet, based on the IRLex database, provides a comparative overview of the legal frameworks regulating extension mechanisms.
Pay transparency legislation: Implications for employers' and workers' organizations

21 June 2022
Gender Pay Gap in Portugal

14 June 2022

ILO