Background

National Commission on Violence against Women reported 459.094 violence cases among women in 2021 in Indonesia, and 338.496 out of 459.094 cases are categorized as Gender Based Violence. It means there was a significant increase of 50% the gender-based violence cases among women in 2021 compared with 226.062 cases in 2020.

Ministry of Health estimated 511.955 persons living with HIV (PLHIV), the majority of PLHIV are in productive ages (25-44 years old) in between 50,45%-74% and specifically among young people (20-24 years old) in between 14,3%-24,08%. (MoH - IBBS Report launched in 2020). HIV status among people living with HIV provides more burden due to stigma and discrimination, more over women living with HIV that potentially experienced multilayer vulnerability. A study shows that women living with HIV experience 4 times to sexual violence and 6 times to physical violence during pregnancy (National Commission on Violence Against Women).

While the percentage of men living with HIV cases is higher than women, during the last 5 years HIV cases among women are increasing year by year through intimate partners. It shows inequality of men and women relationship plays a significant role on women as survivor victim. This situation also witnessed by a qualitative study conducted by Indonesia Women Positive Network in 2016 found that 77 respondents of women living with HIV experience various types of violence during the period both before and post they know HIV status.

Sailing the oceans has been considered a male profession for a long time and according to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the percentage of women seafarers in 2003 was reported as approximately 1-2%. Due to the minority on board ships in a male-dominated workplace, women seafarers can be seen as a risk factor on board ships. Women with less power in the workplace are more vulnerable to gender relates issues such in equal working relationship and harassment. Inequality working relationship may put women in discouraging working environment such as less confidence or fears to speak up.

Harassment is identified as an entry point for further any vulnerable situation among women on employment related issues such as sexual harassment, sexual violence that can lead to high-risk sex behaviours and HIV vulnerability. These vulnerable situations may affect their productivity, less opportunity to show their performance and at the end retain for jobs.

Objective

1. To raise the awareness on harassment, violence, and HIV vulnerability for women seafarers union;
2. To build capacity for women living with HIV and union representatives on HIV workplace sensitization issues and anti-harassment and violence at workplace by introducing the employment issues (social dialogue and industrial relation perspective); and
3. To gather inputs on the good practices towards the anti-harassment and violence at workplace.

Output/Deliverables

1. Good practices and lesson learned are shared to respective stakeholders for their response;
2. Workplace focal points at union representatives are trained to promote and use the improved online reporting system; and
3. The progress on data collection of GBV and HIV cases and its challenges at workplace available.