Sweden

1. Name and address of the organization responsible for the census:

Statistics Sweden, BV/BE, S-701 89 Örebro.

2. Population censuses conducted since 1945 (years):

1945, 1950, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985 and 1990.  The present description relates to the 1990 population census (held on 1st November).

3. Coverage of the census:

(a) Geographical scope: Whole country.

(b) Persons covered: All persons of all ages, except: foreign diplomatic personnel and their families located in the country; civilian aliens temporarily in the country as seasonal workers; civilian aliens who cross a frontier daily to work in the country; civilian aliens, other than those above, temporarily in the country; transients on ship in harbour at the time of the census.

4. Reference period:

One month (October 1990).

5. Main topics:

(a) Total population, by sex and age: yes

Economically active population by:

(b) Sex and age group: yes

(c) Industry: yes

(d) Occupation: yes

(e) Status in employment: yes

(f) Highest educational level: yes

(g) Hours of work: yes

(h) Other characteristics: yes

Re (a): The age is defined in terms of year of birth.

Re (g): Hours of work relate to the number of hours normally worked per week by employed persons.

Re (h): The census also collected information on earnings (from register) and means of transport used to travel to the workplace.

6. Concepts and definitions:

(a) Economically active population: The census only measured employment.

(b) Employment: Considered as employed are all persons aged 16 years and over who, during the reference month, performed any work of an economic value, at home or out of home.  No questions were asked to determine if a person is to be counted as employed, but a register of employment was used. The criteria were as follows: An income of 250 SEK or more during October 1990 or, if the period is unknown, 28,000 SEK or more during the whole year.

It is reported that the following categories are included, provided that the criteria of income are fulfilled:

i)         persons engaged in the production of primary products for own consumption;

ii)        employed persons, temporarily absent from work;

iii)       working students with a part time job;

iv)       seasonal or occasional workers;

v)         conscripts for military/civilian service;

vi)       apprentices and trainees.

None of the above categories can be identified separately.

(c) Unemployment: Not applicable.

7. Classifications used:

Employed persons are classified by industry, by occupation and by status in employment.

(a) Industry: Data on industry were obtained from the SCB Central Register of Enterprises. For coding industry, 340 groups of the Swedish Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (SNI-1969) were used.  Links to ISIC-rev.2 have been established to the group (4-digit) level.

(b) Occupation: The specific questions are either (i) with pre-printed occupation (from the 1985 census): “Does the pre-printed information correspond with your present occupation or position?” or (ii) without pre-printed occupation: “How do you classify your occupation? State your occupation as carefully as possible so that it describes your tasks/duties”.  For coding occupation, 321 groups of the Nordic Classification of Occupations (NYK-1983) were used.  Links to ISCO-68 have been established to the major group (1-digit) level.

(c) Status in employment: The register information was used to determine the status in employment. For coding status in employment, four groups were used: employee; employer; self-employed in farming/forestry; seaman.

(d) Level of education:  Respondents were requested to state the highest education they had completed and the certificate, diploma, etc. they had obtained. 

8. Main differences compared with the previous census:

No major difference.

9. Publication of the census results:

The results of the census were published in 1992/1993 in “Folk- och bostadsräkningen 1990” (Population and Housing Census 1990) in several volumes.

The organization responsible for this publication is Statistics Sweden, BV/BE, S-701 89 Örebro, Sweden.

The census results were also available in the form of computer tables and in the Statistical Database of Sweden (SSD) by March 1992.