ILO Working paper 50

Crowdwork for young people: Risks and opportunities

21 February 2022

ILO Working paper 38

Freelance platform work in the Russian Federation: 2009–2019

26 July 2021

This paper traces the development of freelance platform work in the Russian Federation based on unique data from four online surveys conducted over the period 2009 and 2019 via the leading platform for creative and knowledge-based work and analyses the working conditions and well-being of the workers.

ILO Working paper 32

Digital Work in Eastern Europe: Overview of Trends, Outcomes, and Policy Responses

25 May 2021

This paper presents the emergence and growth of digital labour markets in Eastern Europe over the period 1999-2019. It presents the profiles of digital workers, their working conditions and discusses how these are shaped by the business models of digital labour platforms.

ILO Working paper 27

Platform work and the employment relationship

31 March 2021

This working paper analyses national and supranational case law and legislation about the employment status of platform workers. It does so by referring to the ILO Employment Relationship Recommendation, 2006 (No. 198). It finds that this Recommendation provides for a valuable compass to navigate the issues that emerge from the analysis of the existing case law and legislation about platform work.

ILO Working paper 25

Homeworking in the Philippines: Bad job ? Good job ?

09 March 2021

This report focuses on two categories of homeworkers in the Philippines: industrial homeworkers, who assemble or fabricate goods for factories, retailers or their agents under subcontracting arrangements; and online workers, who render services to their clients or employers via telecommunications technologies and digital platforms.

Publicación

Delivery work during a pandemic: delivery platform workers in Argentina - Executive summary

01 December 2020

As a consequence of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, on March 20 the Argentine government decreed a social, preventive and compulsory isolation. This measure led consumers to turn to e-commerce, which caused a meaningful opportunity for courier and delivery work carried out through digital platforms. Further, such work was considered an essential activity and was therefore uninterrupted. This study presents the results of an ILO survey that targeted workers in this sector sector, conducted in July 2020, and compares them with findings obtained a year earlier.

Publication

Work on delivery platforms in Argentina: Analysis and policy recommendations

02 November 2020

This report provides an in depth analysis of the actors of the digital delivery platforms in Argentina, their relationships, their characteristics and working conditions and, in turn, proposes a series of policy recommendations to improve their situation.

Publication

Legal analysis of labour relations in delivery services through digital platforms in Argentina - Executive summary

30 October 2020

This research focuses on the legal analysis of labor relations in delivery services through digital platforms in Argentina. It develops the business model, providing conceptual and also specific data on the real legal classification of companies, their organizational type, as well as the legal status of the service provider and the characteristics of the contracting of said service.

Publicación

Work on delivery platforms in Argentina: Analysis and policy recommendations -- Executive Summary

30 October 2020

As intermediaries between supply and demand, platforms encompass a wide variety of services that involve the performance of specific tasks by providers, generally labeled as "independent". Among the most common types of tasks covered by this form of work there is a wide range of services, generally of low complexity, such as delivery services, courier services and home delivery of products. The provision of services through digital platforms has motivated different opinions about the relationship between service providers and the platforms themselves. The analysis of the indicators of economic, technical and legal dependence conducted by observing the contracting modalities carried out by these distribution platforms, are indicative to determine the nature of the link established between them and the service providers. This report provides an in depth analysis of the actors of the digital delivery platforms in Argentina, their relationships, their characteristics and working conditions and, in turn, proposes a series of policy recommendations to improve their situation.

ILO Working Paper 11

Digital Labour Platforms and Labour Protection in China

13 October 2020

This paper explores the implications of the digital labour platforms for labour regulation in China and the potential applicability of existing laws and regulations to platform work.