Publications on informal economy
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Publication
Youth employment in times of COVID
21 January 2022
A global review of COVID-19 policy responses to tackle (un)employment and disadvantage among young people.
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ILO Working paper 38
Freelance platform work in the Russian Federation: 2009–2019
26 July 2021
This paper traces the development of freelance platform work in the Russian Federation based on unique data from four online surveys conducted over the period 2009 and 2019 via the leading platform for creative and knowledge-based work and analyses the working conditions and well-being of the workers.
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ILO Working paper 32
Digital Work in Eastern Europe: Overview of Trends, Outcomes, and Policy Responses
25 May 2021
This paper presents the emergence and growth of digital labour markets in Eastern Europe over the period 1999-2019. It presents the profiles of digital workers, their working conditions and discusses how these are shaped by the business models of digital labour platforms.
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ILO Working paper 27
Platform work and the employment relationship
31 March 2021
This working paper analyses national and supranational case law and legislation about the employment status of platform workers. It does so by referring to the ILO Employment Relationship Recommendation, 2006 (No. 198). It finds that this Recommendation provides for a valuable compass to navigate the issues that emerge from the analysis of the existing case law and legislation about platform work.
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ILO Working paper 25
Homeworking in the Philippines: Bad job ? Good job ?
09 March 2021
This report focuses on two categories of homeworkers in the Philippines: industrial homeworkers, who assemble or fabricate goods for factories, retailers or their agents under subcontracting arrangements; and online workers, who render services to their clients or employers via telecommunications technologies and digital platforms.
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World Employment and Social Outlook 2021
The role of digital labour platforms in transforming the world of work
23 February 2021
This ILO flagship report explores how the contemporary platform economy is transforming the way work is organized, and analyses the impact of digital labour platforms on enterprises, workers and society as a whole.
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World Employment and Social Outlook 2021
The role of digital labour platforms in transforming the world of work [Summary]
23 February 2021
This report examines how digital labour platforms are transforming the world of work and how that affects employers and workers. It focuses on two main types of digital labour platform: online web-based platforms, where tasks are performed online and remotely by workers, and location-based platforms, where tasks are performed at a specified physical location by individuals, such as taxi drivers and delivery workers.
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ILO Working paper 24
Online digital labour platforms in China: Working conditions, policy issues and prospects
02 February 2021
This paper summarizes the results of an ILO survey, conducted in 2019, of workers’ characteristics and working conditions on three major digital labour platforms in China.
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ILO Working Paper 11
Digital Labour Platforms and Labour Protection in China
13 October 2020
This paper explores the implications of the digital labour platforms for labour regulation in China and the potential applicability of existing laws and regulations to platform work.
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Full report
Preparing for the future of work: National policy responses in ASEAN +6
11 September 2019
Spurred by technological advancements, demographic shifts and environmental and climate disruptions, fastpaced transformations are affecting how, where and when people work, impacting our labour markets and shaping the future of work. Preparing for the future of work: National policy responses in ASEAN +6 provides an overview of how countries in the Asia-Pacific region are reacting to such changes with new or adapted strategies and policies.