ILO Working paper 60

Mobile internet, skills and structural transformation in Rwanda

25 April 2022

We study the impact of mobile internet rollout on Rwanda’s labour market. Areas with higher mobile internet coverage experience an increase in employment opportunities, especially towards high skilled and high-value-added activities.

ILO working paper 58

Diversity of practices in social dialogue in the public service in selected African countries

20 April 2022

ILO Working paper 39

Welfare Effects of Unemployment Benefits when Informality is High

05 August 2021

We analyze for the first time how the high incidence of informal employment affects the welfare effects of unemployment benefits (UBs) outside of developed economies, exploiting matched administrative and survey data from the UB scheme of Mauritius. We find positive and large welfare effects, because the consumption drop at layoff exceeds what studies find for high-income countries, while the efficiency costs are comparatively low. In addition, UB recipients appear to move into informal employment out of economic necessity, rather than as part of a strategic choice.

ILO Working paper 29

Public Employment Programmes in the Care Economy - The Case of South Africa

29 April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated economic crisis have increased unemployment levels in the care economy, detrimental effects of which are felt by care workers, the majority of whom are women. The South African experience shows that Public Employment Programmes (PEPs) have contributed to the progressive realisation of decent work where as a first step in the trajectory, they have recognised and renumerated care related labour as work. This case study raises a series of questions for further consideration about the role of PEPs in this context, particularly their efficacy in the provision of direct care services.