ILO reports for the G20
November 2021
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Financing social protection through the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
25 November 2021
This report is produced for the G20 Development Working Group by the International Labour Organization (ILO), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the World Bank. It demonstrates the key role that social protection has played in countries at all income levels in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Digital platforms and the world of work in G20 countries: Status and Policy Action
25 November 2021
Innovations in digital technologies and the ability to quickly and cheaply exchange large amounts of data and information between individuals, businesses and devices have laid the foundation for the rise of the digital economy. These transformations extend to the world of work, in particular through the fast growth of digital labour platforms. This report was prepared for the Employment Working Group under Italian G20 Presidency (2021)
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Women at Work in G20 countries: policy action since 2020
25 November 2021
The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on employment was initially greater for women than for men. Unlike in previous crises, sectors in which women are over-represented were hit more by job and work hour losses than those in which men prevail. The crisis has also highlighted the need to improve working conditions in essential service jobs, such as lower-skilled occupations in the health and care sectors, where women make up the majority of workers in most G20 economies.
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Monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment in the G20
25 November 2021
A year and a half into the COVID-19 pandemic, labour markets experienced some recovery. Yet, the aggregate hours worked in G20 countries are still lower than the pre-crisis level and the G20 employment rate is projected to fall short of the pre-pandemic level even at the end of 2021. At the same time, there is significant cross-country and within-country heterogeneity in the impact of the pandemic on labour markets, especially regarding informality, level of education and age. This report gives an overview of the process of recovery in G20 countries, and of the policies adopted by governments to consolidate and strengthen the recovery. It concludes with policy recommendations to help countries move beyond the pandemic.
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2021 Annual International Migration and Forced Displacement Trends and Policies Report to the G20
25 November 2021
During the COVID-19 pandemic, migrants and refugees were and still are among the most vulnerable groups on the labour market. At the G20 Summit in Saudi Arabia, leaders declared their aim to "mitigate the impact of the pandemic on those in vulnerable situations, which may include refugees, migrants and forcibly displaced people; respond to growing humanitarian needs; and address the root causes of displacement”. This joint report by the OECD, ILO, IOM and UNHCR provides a basis for discussion and policy making. The first part presents the latest figures on migration flows and stocks in G20 countries, including student migration and forced displacement. The second part analyses how G20 countries adjusted management of migration in reaction to the pandemic. It includes a contribution from WHO on its efforts to support migrants and refugees. The third part looks at the adaptation of migration governance to the recovery challenge. The report concludes noting shared upcoming challenges for the G20.
May 2021
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Proposed indicators of gender gaps in job quality
14 May 2021
Measuring and monitoring developments in gender gaps in job quality important are important for guiding policy to tackle gender inequalities in labour market outcomes. At the request of the Italian G20 Presidency, a number of indicators have been put forward in this paper that capture gender gaps in objective measures of job quality in the dimensions of earnings, labour market security and working conditions. Within these dimensions, indicators have been chosen based on the criteria of pertinece and parsimony, availability, comparability and timeliness.
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Linking income support measures to active labour market policies
14 May 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on labour markets in G20 countries. In response, G20 governments expanded income support measures and adapted their social protection and employment services extensively. This background paper - produced by ILO/OECD/ISSA - discusses the importance of combining income support with active labour market policies, highlighting actions taken by G20 members in that regard. It argues that PES and ALMP provision and their coordination with income support will need to be adapted and strengthened in the recovery, not only in response to the challenges raised by the COVID pandemic, but also by the ongoing megatrends of digitalisation, globalisation, climate change and demographic change.
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Beyond Covid 19 - Towards more inclusive and resilient social security systems
14 May 2021
The global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has sparked a health and economic crisis with devastating impacts on jobs and livelihoods. As the crisis persists, attention is gradually shifting from emergency policy responses to longer-term solutions, with many G20 countries considering ways to strengthen coverage and adequacy of their social protection systems. This background note discusses key lessons learnt from the policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic and previous crises, and sets out policy considerations for coordinated action of G20 members for building more inclusive and resilient social protection systems.
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Teleworking arrangements during the COVID-19 crisis and beyond
14 May 2021
Telework, defined as the use of information and communications technologies (ICTs), such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers, for work that is performed outside the employer’s premises, is not new, having existed since the 1970’s in some parts of world. It was expected to grow in usage as costs of ICTs and broadband communications became cheaper, but its regular use was limited mainly to employer-worker agreements in certain occupations and sectors. In 2020, the Covid-19 global pandemic changed this situation. In an attempt to limit the spread of the Covid 19 virus, keep workers employed, and limit the negative economic consequences of the pandemic, policymakers and employers implemented telework whenever possible.
October 2020
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Women in managerial and leadership positions in the G20 - Data availability and preliminary findings
24 October 2020
Stocktaking report prepared for the Empowerment and Progression of Women's Economic Representation (EMPOWER) under the Saudi G20 Presidency
August 2020
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Women at Work in G20 countries: Progress and policy action
19 August 2020
Joint ILO-OECD Women at Work report 2020, prepared for the 3rd Employment Working Group (EWG) meeting under the Saudi G20 Presidency (virtual meeting, 19-20 August 2020)
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on jobs and incomes in G20 economies
19 August 2020
Joint ILO-OECD Covid-19 report, prepared for the 3rd Employment Working Group (EWG) meeting under the Saudi G20 Presidency (virtual meeting, 19-20 August 2020)
April 2020
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Helping Disadvantaged Youth: Progress and Policy Action towards the Antalya G20 Youth Goal
08 April 2020
Background paper prepared for the 2nd Employment Working Group (EWG) meeting under the Saudi G20 Presidency (virtual meeting, 8 April 2020)
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Ensuring better social protection for self-employed workers
08 April 2020
Background paper prepared for the 2nd Employment Working Group (EWG) meeting under the Saudi G20 Presidency (virtual meeting, 8 April 2020)
April 2019
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Policy responses to new forms of work: International governance of digital labour platforms
22 April 2019
Background paper prepared for the 2nd meeting of the G20 Employment Working Group under the Japanese G20 presidency (Tokyo, 22-24 April 2019)
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Gender equality in the G20 – Additional analysis from the time dimension
22 April 2019
Co-authored paper prepared for the 2nd meeting of the G20 Employment Working Group under the Japanese G20 presidency (Tokyo, 22-24 April 2019)
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Women at Work in G20 countries: Progress and policy action since 2018
22 April 2019
Co-authored paper prepared for the 2nd meeting of the G20 Employment Working Group under the Japanese G20 presidency (Tokyo, 22-24 April 2019)
February 2019
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New job opportunities in an ageing society
25 February 2019
Co-authored paper prepared for the 1st Meeting of the G20 Employment Working Group under the Japanese G20 presidency (Tokyo, 25-27 February 2019)
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Supporting longer working lives: Multistage approaches for decent and productive work
25 February 2019
Paper prepared for the 1st Meeting of the G20 Employment Working Group under the Japanese G20 presidency (Tokyo, 25-27 February 2019)
October 2018
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Approaches to anticipating skills for the future of work
02 October 2018
Report prepared by the ILO and OECD for the G20 Employment Working Group.