This case study documents the process of developing the National Human Resources and Employment Policy (NHREP) which was piloted in a post-conflict recovery situation in Sri Lanka. The country graduated to middle-income country status within a few years of the cessation of its protracted conflict, and the 2008 global economic crisis. The case study presents the context, priority employment policy issues and the process associated with the formulation, consultation, and adoption of the NHREP, and also the development of a comprehensive implementation plan, which were undertaken between 2010 and 2014. The social and economic background and key employment challenges are summarized, and an annotated outline of the NHREP is presented.