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Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

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Benin - 2013

Themes

1 Description of national OSH regulatory framework
- 1.1 Description of OSH regulatory framework
  Summary/citation: In Benin, Title IV Chapter IV of the Labor Code, adopted in 1998, sets out general safety and health provisions. In addition, the leading OSH legislation is Decree No. 022, adopted in 1999, which contains provisions on general OSH issues, the working environment, tools and machinery and specific risks.
  
  Besides, various decrees lay down a number of other provisions concerning young workers, pregnant and lactating workers, the medical inspectorate, and the National OSH Committee.
  
  In relation to occupational accidents and diseases the Social Security Code sets forth some provisions on occupational hazards in Book III.
  • Occupational safety and health country profile of Benin
  • Website of the Beninese government (Ministry of Labour's legislation)
  • Website of the Beninese government (legislation in force)
  • Loi n° 98-019 du 21 mars 2003 portant Code de la sécurité sociale.
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail.
2 Scope, coverage and exclusions
- 2.1 Health and safety covers physical and psychological health
  Summary/citation: The employer shall take all necessary measures according to the operating conditions of the workplace to protect the life and health of workers. The employer shall set up the facilities and create the best labour conditions to protect workers against accidents and diseases and in the benefit of their physical, mental and social well-being.
  
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 182)
  Related CEACR Comments
  • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Observation 2011
  • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Direct Request 2016
- 2.2 Definition of worker
  Summary/citation: A worker is any person, regardless of sex or nationality, who puts his/her professional capacity in exchange for remuneration, under the direction and authority of another natural or legal person whether public or private.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 2.1)
  - 2.2.1 Coverage of particular categories of workers
    Yes.
    - 2.2.1.1 Migrant workers
      Summary/citation: Migrant workers are included within the scope of OSH legislation.
      • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Arts. 26-30)
    - 2.2.1.2 Domestic workers
      Summary/citation: Domestic workers are included within the scope of OSH legislation.
      • Arrêté n° 026/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SRT du 14 avril 1998 fixant les conditions générales d'emploi des employés de maison. (Arts. 1-3)
    - 2.2.1.3 Home workers
      Summary/citation: A worker is any person, regardless of sex or nationality, who puts his/her professional capacity in exchange for remuneration, under the direction and authority of another natural or legal person whether public or private.
      Remarks / comments: Home workers are not excluded from the scope of OSH legislation.
      • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 2.1)
    - 2.2.1.4 Self-employed persons
      Summary/citation: A worker is any person, regardless of sex or nationality, who puts his/her professional capacity in exchange for remuneration, under the direction and authority of another natural or legal person whether public or private.
      Remarks / comments: As far as the element of "direction and authority of another natural or legal person" is lacking in the labour relation of self-employed persons, these may be excluded from the scope of OSH legislation.
      • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 2.1)
- 2.3 Definition of employer
  Summary/citation: Employer is any person or organization which hires workers under a written or oral contract. The employment contract shall determine the rights and duties of the parties in accordance with the legislation and national practice. The government, other public authorities, public and private companies and individuals can act as employers.
  
  • Loi n° 2005-31 du 5 avril 2006 portant prévention, prise en charge et controle du VIH/SIDA en République du Bénin. (Art. 1)
- 2.4 Exclusion of branches of economic activity
  Yes.
  - 2.4.1 Agriculture
    Remarks / comments: Agriculture is not excluded from the scope of OSH legislation.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 1)
  - 2.4.2 Construction
    Remarks / comments: Construction is not excluded from the scope of OSH legislation.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 1)
  - 2.4.3 Services
    Remarks / comments: Services are not excluded from the scope of OSH legislation.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 1)
  - 2.4.4 Public sector
    Remarks / comments: Those with permanent employment contracts with the public administration are excluded from the framework of the Labour Code.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 1)
  - 2.4.5 Other
    No data available.
- 2.5 Definition of occupational accident
  No data available.
- 2.6 Definition of occupational disease
  No.
  - 2.6.1 List of occupational diseases
    Summary/citation: The list of occupational diseases shall be issued by means of a Decree and shall include hazardous works and processes; and occupations involving the handling and performing of unsanitary conditions that expose workers to the risk of diseases. The list of occupational disesases shall be periodically updated taking into account the new production techniques and advances in medical knowledge.
    
    • Loi n° 98-019 du 21 mars 2003 portant Code de la sécurité sociale. (Art 88)
  - 2.6.2 Mechanism for compensating other diseases as occupational ones
    Summary/citation:
3 Institutions and programmes relating to OSH administration and/or enforcement
- 3.1 Competent national authority for safety and health at work
  Summary/citation: The Ministry of Labour and Public Service is responsible for the policy-making and implementation of the labour and public service policies.
  
  • Décret n° 2006-408 du 10 août 2006 portant attributions, organisation et fonctionnement du Ministère du Travail et de la Fonction Publique. (Art. 1)
  - 3.1.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions
    Summary/citation: The Ministry of Labour and Public Service shall:
    - Set up, monitor and supervise labour legislation, occupational medicine and social security;
    - Set up and constantly adjuste the requirements of progress and modernization of public services;
    - Make and implement the human resources policy of the Ministry;
    - Monitor and supervise the human resources management of the Ministry;
    - Set up and implement the training activities of the different staff categories.
    • Décret n° 2006-408 du 10 août 2006 portant attributions, organisation et fonctionnement du Ministère du Travail et de la Fonction Publique. (Art. 1)
  - 3.1.2 Chairperson and composition
    Summary/citation: The Ministry of Labour and Public Service includes:
    - The Minister's Office;
    - The General Inspectorate of Labour and Public Service;
    - The Secretariat;
    - Central Departments;
    - Technical Departments;
    - Others.
    • Décret n° 2006-408 du 10 août 2006 portant attributions, organisation et fonctionnement du Ministère du Travail et de la Fonction Publique. (Art. 4)
- 3.2 National OSH research programme or institute
  Summary/citation: There is no national OSH research programme established by law. Nonetheless the Labour Medical Inspectorate contributes to the conduction of studies and surveys on occupational health and safety for the improvement of national OSH standards.
  • Ordonnance no 72-60 du 13 mars 1972 portant création d'un Service d'inspection médicale du travail et de la main-d'oeuvre. (Art. 4)
  - 3.2.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions
    No data available.
  - 3.2.2 Governance board constitution and chairmanship
    No data available.
  - 3.2.3 Source of funding
    No data available.
- 3.3 National OSH programme
  No data available.
  - 3.3.1 Consultation on the national OSH programme
    No data available.
4 Employers’ duties and responsibilities to protect the safety and health of workers and others
- 4.1 Duty to ensure the health and safety of employees
  Summary/citation: The employer shall take all necessary measures according to the operating conditions of the workplace to protect the life and health of workers. The employer shall set up the facilities and create the best labour conditions to protect workers against accidents and diseases and in the benefit of their physical, mental and social well-being.
  In particular, facilities shall be kept clean. Machinery, transmission or other tools and mechanical or manual gears shall be installed and maintained in the best possible safety conditions. The moving parts of machines shall be isolated by protective walls or barriers, unless they are not accesible to workers.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 182)
- 4.2 Duty to protect the health and safety of people other than their own employees
  No data available.
- 4.3 Collaboration among two or more employers at the same workplace
  No data available.
- 4.4 Surveillance of workers’ health in relation to work
  Summary / Citation: Without prejudice to the special provisions taken in the context of health and prevention for certain diseases or in the the protection of certain categories of workers, every worker shall pass a medical exam before start working not later than eight days after the hiring.
  In addition, an annual medical routine visit for all workers in all categories is mandatory.
  Provisions from the Ministry of Labour shall determine the conditions in which medical examinations are made previous to recruitment as well as other periodical, resumption and routine checkups.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 197)
  - 4.4.1 Specific hazards for which surveillance is required
    Summary / Citation: Provisions from the Ministry of Labour shall determine the conditions in which medical examinations are made previous to recruitment as well as other periodical, resumption and routine checkups.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 197)
- 4.5 Surveillance of the working environment and working practices
  Summary / Citation: The employer shall take all necessary measures according to the operating conditions of the workplace to protect the life and health of workers. The employer shall set up the facilities and create the best labour conditions to protect workers against accidents and diseases and in the benefit of their physical, mental and social well-being.
  The employer shall take all preventive measures against occupational hazards by using the less harmful substances for human health and by taking all necessary steps to alleviate discomfort and improve environmental working conditions.
  
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 38)
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 182)
- 4.6 Duty to provide personal protective equipment
  Summary / Citation: Employers shall provide protective equipment for:
  - Workers occupied in sewers, pits, cellars, wells, cisterns, tanks, reservoirs and similar places, when they are exposed to damp or wet walls;
  - Workers occupied in tasks at risk of poisoning or contamination;
  - Workers occupied in tasks exposed to the rain or exceptional cold;
  - Workers occupied in refrigerating rooms.
  The employer is not obliged to provide an additional protective equipment if already provides them with working clothes designed and manufactured with materials that may play the role of the protective clothing. The law shall provide standards about hairstyle, shoes, mittens, goggles, respirators, hearing protection, and vibration.
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Arts. 29-36, Arts. 94-104)
- 4.7 Duty to ensure the usage of personal protective equipment
  No data available.
- 4.8 Duty to provide first-aid and welfare facilities
  Sometimes.
  - 4.8.1 Arrangements for first-aid
    Summary / Citation: In workplaces with more than 25 workers, 2 or 3 workers shall be trained to provide first-aid.
    The employer shall have the means to ensure the first aid or he/she shall transport workers to the nearest medical service. If the employer lacks of the immediate appropriate means necessary for this purpose, he/she shall contact an emergency unit. The employer shall pay for this service.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art.183, Art. 199)
  - 4.8.2 Sanitary installations
    Summary / Citation: The Ministry of Labour, following advice of the National OSH Committee shall set out general measures of occupational safety and health. This includes provisions toilets.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186.a)
  - 4.8.3 Drinking water
    Summary / Citation: The employer shall provide drinking water or non-alcoholic drinks at the workplace during working hours. These drinks shall be subject to periodic monitoring of the labour inspector.
    
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 14, Arts. 24-26)
  - 4.8.4 Rest and eating areas
    No data available.
5 Employers’ duty to organize prevention formally along generally accepted OSH management principles and practices
- 5.1 Elements of an OSH management system
  Sometimes.
  - 5.1.1 Policy or plan specifying responsibilities and arrangements for health and safety
    Summary/citation: The employer shall take all necessary measures according to the operating conditions of the workplace to protect the life and health of workers. The employer shall set up the facilities and create the best labour conditions to protect workers against accidents and diseases and in the benefit of their physical, mental and social well-being.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 182)
  - 5.1.2 Appointment of a person for health and safety
    No data available.
  - 5.1.3 Written risk assessment
    No data available.
  - 5.1.4 Safe operating work systems and procedures
    Summary/citation:
  - 5.1.5 Training and information on risks
    Summary/citation: Employers shall organize an appropriate OSH training for new workers, for those who change the workstation or technique, and for those returning to work after a work leave longer than six months.
    In case of changes in the legislation the training shall be updated for the benefit of all workers. In every workplace with more than 25 permanent workers, two or three workers shall be trained to provide first-aid.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 183)
  - 5.1.6 Review or assessment of the results of preventive measures
    Summary/citation: Employers or their representatives shall monitor continued compliance with hygiene and safety regulations.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 185.1)
  - 5.1.7 Consultation with workers in health and safety
    Summary/citation: A health and safety committee shall be created in the undertakings subject to the Labour Code.
    Employers and workers of the same branch of activity shall be organized in technical committees to develop a risk prevention policy for their own branch of activity.
    • Loi n° 98-019 du 21 mars 2003 portant Code de la sécurité sociale. (Art. 81)
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 187)
- 5.2 Obligation to implement a specific OSH management system or standard
  No data available.
6 Employers’ duty to ensure availability of expertise and competence in health and safety
- 6.1 OSH competence
  Yes.
  Related CEACR Comments
  • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Observation 2011
  • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Direct Request 2016
  - 6.1.1 Requirement to access expert advice and/or support in health and safety
    Summary / Citation: The employers shall set up a medical service at the workplace after consultation with workers’ representatives or the OSH Committee.This service shall have doctors recruited primarily among practitioners graduated in occupational medicine and assisted by qualified paramedical staff. For this purpose, doctors shall be subject to a prior approval by decision of the Ministry of Labor, following consultation with the Ministry of Health.
    Depending on the size and nature of business, on the geographical location and on the medical infrastructure, the health service work is organized:
    
    1) either as a self-healing service for a single enterprise or a common service for different companies;
    
    2) or, on the basis of an agreement with a public or private medical center/ hospital. In this case, the medical center/hospital shall have a service in occupational health with the equipment and properties required by the Labour Code.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Arts. 194-195)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Observation 2011
    • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Direct Request 2016
    - 6.1.1.1 Qualifications of experts or professional services
      Summary / Citation: The medical service shall have doctors recruited primarily among practitioners graduated in occupational medicine and assisted by qualified paramedical staff. For this purpose, doctors shall be subject to a prior approval by decision of the Ministry of Labor, following consultation with the Ministry of Health.
      • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Arts. 194-195)
      Related CEACR Comments
      • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Observation 2011
      • Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) Direct Request 2016
- 6.2 Appointment of an OSH practitioner
  Summary/citation: The employers shall set up a medical service at the workplace after consultation with workers’ representatives or the OSH Committee.This service shall have doctors recruited primarily among practitioners graduated in occupational medicine and assisted by qualified paramedical staff. For this purpose, doctors shall be subject to a prior approval by decision of the Ministry of Labor, following consultation with the Ministry of Health.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Arts. 194- 195)
  - 6.2.1 Workforce size threshold for the appointment of OSH practitioners
    Summary/citation: Depending on the size and nature of business, on the geographical location and on the medical infrastructure, the health service work is organized:
    
    1) either as a self-healing service for a single enterprise or a common service for different companies;
    
    2) or, on the basis of an agreement with a public or private medical center/ hospital. In this case, the medical center/hospital shall have a service in occupational health with the equipment and properties required by the Labour Code.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 187, Arts. 194- 195)
7 Workers' rights and duties
- 7.1 Duty to take reasonable steps to protect their own safety and health
  Summary / Citation: Workers shall properly use safety and security devices and refrain from removing or modifiying them without permission from the employer.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 185)
- 7.2 Duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others
  No data available.
- 7.3 Supervisors’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others
  No data available.
- 7.4 Senior officers’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others
  No data available.
- 7.5 Self-employed persons’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect their own and other people’s health and safety
  No data available.
- 7.6 Duty to comply with OSH-related requirements
  Summary / Citation: Workers shall properly use safety and security devices and refrain from removing or modifiying them without permission from the employer.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 185)
- 7.7 Right to enquire about risks and preventive measures
  No data available.
- 7.8 Right to remove themselves from a dangerous situation
  Summary / Citation: Workers have the right and the duty to stop working or not to start working in a situation which they have a reasonable justification to believe presents an imminent or serious danger to their life or to the workplace. In this case, they shall contact:
  - the employer, manager or his representative concerning the measures to be taken to eliminate the risk,
  - the workers' representatives and the labour inspector of the undertaking, if any.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 185)
- 7.9 Right to be reassigned to non-hazard work
  No data available.
  - 7.9.1 Right to withdraw with compensation when workers are not reassigned to non-hazard work
    No data available.
8 Consultation, collaboration and co-operation with workers and their representatives
- 8.1 National OSH committee, commission, council or similar body
  Summary / Citation: A National Committee of Safety and health at work shall be established under the Ministry of Labour.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 293)
  - 8.1.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions
    Summary / Citation: The role of the National OSH Committee is to deal with all issues related to occupational health and safety. The National OSH Committee shall suggest and give advice on OSH regulations. The Committee shall lead the management and implementation of the national policy on the prevention of occupational hazards.
    The organization and functioning of this Committee shall be fixed by decree of the Council of Ministers.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 293-294)
  - 8.1.2 Constitution and chairmanship modalities
    Summary / Citation: The National OSH Comiittee shall be composed of:
    - Workers' representatives;
    - Employers' representatives;
    - Representatives of the government and of national agencies dealing with OSH issues and emergencies, with roads safety,and fire risks;
    - Relevant scientists specialist on OSH issues.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 293)
- 8.2 Employers’ duty to consult workers on risks
  Summary / Citation: A health and safety committee (with representatives of workers and employers) shall be created in the undertakings subject to the Labour Code.
  
  Employers shall set up a health service in the workplace for the benefit of the employees, following consultation with workers' representatives or with the health and safety committee.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art, 187, Art. 194)
- 8.3 Workers’ right to select their representatives for health and safety matters
  Summary / Citation: A health and safety committee (with representatives of workers and employers) shall be created in the undertakings subject to the Labour Code.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 187)
  - 8.3.1 Workforce size conditions for workers’ representation in health and safety
    Summary / Citation: A health and safety committee (with representatives of workers and employers) shall be created in the undertakings subject to the Labour Code.
    
    The health and safety committees are obligatory in all establishments usually employing at least thirty (30) employees, including temporary workers.
    
    The labor inspector may, depending on the nature of the work and the particular risks faced by workers, require the employer, to create a health and safety committee in entereprises with less than 30 workers.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 187)
  - 8.3.2 Conditions of eligibility to represent workers in health and safety
    No data available.
- 8.4 OSH representatives’ functions, rights and powers
  Sometimes.
  - 8.4.1 Right to inspect the workplace
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall analyze the conditions of health and safety at work.
    Remarks / comments: The joint OSH committee is composed by workers' representatives and employer's representatives.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 189)
  - 8.4.2 Right to access OSH information
    No data available.
  - 8.4.3 Right to be present at interviews
    No data available.
  - 8.4.4 Right to receive professional assistance from OSH experts
    No data available.
  - 8.4.5 Right to accompany inspectors
    No data available.
  - 8.4.6 Right to use facilities
    No data available.
  - 8.4.7 Right to have time off work with pay to perform duties
    No data available.
  - 8.4.8 Right to issue remedial notices
    No data available.
  - 8.4.9 Right to resolve OSH issues in consultation with employers
    No data available.
  - 8.4.10 Right to direct that dangerous work cease
    No data available.
- 8.5 Right of workers’ representatives from outside the undertaking to address OSH issues at the workplace
  No data available.
  - 8.5.1 Right to enter the workplace
    No data available.
  - 8.5.2 Right to investigate suspected non-compliance with OSH legislation
    No data available.
  - 8.5.3 Right to consult with workers
    No data available.
  - 8.5.4 Right to advise workers
    No data available.
  - 8.5.5 Right to initiate enforcement action
    No data available.
- 8.6 Joint OSH Committee
  Summary / Citation: A health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall be created in the undertakings subject to the Labour Code.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 187)
  - 8.6.1 Participation of workers’ representatives in joint OSH committee
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall be composed of:
    
    1. For a single workplace:
    - The employer;
    - The safety supervisor/manager;
    - 2 workers' representatives; 3 workers' representatives if the undertaking has more than 250 workers; and 5 workers' representatives in workplaces with more than 500 workers.
    - A doctor or nurse of the workplace;
    
    2.When the OSH committee performs its tasks in various workplaces or enterprises:
    - The employer or 1 supervisor/manager of each workplace;
    - 2 workers' representatives;
    - A doctor or nurse.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 188)
  - 8.6.2 Conditions for establishing a joint OSH committee
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committees (joint OSH committees) are obligatory in all establishments usually employing at least thirty (30) employees, including temporary workers.
    
    The labor inspector may, depending on the nature of the work and the particular risks faced by workers, require the employer, to create a health and safety committee in enterprises with less than 30 workers.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 187)
  - 8.6.3 Objectives, roles and/or functions of joint OSH committees
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall:
    - Analyze the conditions of health and safety at work;
    - Ensure the implementation of OSH laws, regulations and instructions;
    - Investigate serious occupational accidents and diseases to determine causes and propose measures to remedy the situation;
    - Establish and implement a programme to improve health and safety requirements concerning the activities of the undertaking;
    - Set up statistics of occupational accidents and diseases;
    - Provide OSH information to workers;
    - Raise awareness among workers on OSH issues;
    - Take any necessary action to promote safer methods and work processes;
    - Ensure OSH training of workers;
    - Ensure the organization and training on fire and rescue crews and ensure that rescue and fire exercises are carried out regularly;
    - Participate in the identification of nuisance factors and in the development of an emergency response plan.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 189)
  - 8.6.4 Keeping record of the work of joint OSH committees
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall prepare a report of the meetings and a copy shall be addressed to the labor inspector within one month after the meeting.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 190)
  - 8.6.5 Sharing the minutes of joint OSH committees meetings
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall prepare a report of the meetings and a copy shall be addressed to the labor inspector within one month after the meeting.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 190)
- 8.7 Mandatory training for members of joint OSH committee(s)
  No data available.
- 8.8 Protection against reprisals
  Summary / Citation: Workers that remove themselves from a situation which they have a reasonable justification to believe presents an imminent or serious danger to their life or health cannot be subject to disciplinary action unless there is an abuse.
  To carry out their duties, members of the OSH committee have 15 hours paid as working time per year. Meetings time shall also be considered as working time and is not attributable to the 15 hours.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 185.4, Art. 191)
- 8.9 Immunity from civil and criminal liability for exercising OSH related rights and duties
  No data available.
9 Specific hazards or risks
- 9.1 Biological hazards
  Summary / Citation: The law provides that the release of dust, gases, vapors, mists or fumes into the workplace should be prevented by the most appropriate means to the circumstances.
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 44)
- 9.2 Chemical hazards
  Sometimes.
  - 9.2.1 Handling, storage, labelling and use
    Summary / Citation: The law provides that the release of dust, gases, vapors, mists or fumes into the workplace should be prevented by the most appropriate means to the circumstances.
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 44)
  - 9.2.2 Duty of manufacturers, suppliers and importers of chemicals in relation to the safety and health of users
    No data available.
  - 9.2.3 Pesticides
    Summary / Citation: The law provides that the release of dust, gases, vapors, mists or fumes into the workplace should be prevented by the most appropriate means to the circumstances.
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 44)
- 9.3 Ergonomic hazards
  No data available.
- 9.4 Physical hazards
  Sometimes.
  - 9.4.1 Ionising radiation
    Summary / Citation: The Decrees of the Ministry of Labour, issued following consultation with the National OSH Committee and following the provisions of the Labour Code, shall determine the general security and safety measures applicable to all establishments and undertakings subject to this Code, particularly with regard to radiation among others.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186 a)
  - 9.4.2 Vibration and noise
    Summary / Citation: The Decrees of the Ministry of Labour, issued following consultation with the National OSH Committee and under the framework of the provisions of the Labour Code, shall determine the general security and safety measures applicable to all establishments and undertakings subject to this Code, particularly with regard to noise and vibration among others.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186.a)
  - 9.4.3 Working at height
    Yes.
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Arts. 62-64)
  - 9.4.4 Working in confined spaces
    No data available.
  - 9.4.5 Risks arising from poor maintenance of workplace facilities
    No data available.
  - 9.4.6 Exposure to extreme temperatures
    Summary / Citation: The Decrees of the Ministry of Labour, issued following consultation with the National OSH Committee and under the framework of the provisions of the Labour Code, shall determine the general security and safety measures applicable to all establishments and undertakings subject to this Code, particularly with regard to temperature among others.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186.a)
  - 9.4.7 Fire risks
    Summary / Citation: The Decrees of the Ministry of Labour, issued following consultation with the National OSH Committee and under the framework of the Labour Code provisions, shall determine the general security and safety measures applicable to all establishments and undertakings subject to this Code, particularly with regard to precautions against fire, among others.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186.a)
  - 9.4.8 Tobacco
    No data available.
  - 9.4.9 Asbestos
    No data available.
  - 9.4.10 Risks related to nanotechnology
    No data available.
  - 9.4.11 Contraction of HIV in the workplace
    Yes.
    • Loi n° 2005-31 du 5 avril 2006 portant prévention, prise en charge et controle du VIH/SIDA en République du Bénin. (Art. 14-21)
- 9.5 Psychosocial hazards
  No data available.
  - 9.5.1 Psychosocial risks
    No data available.
  - 9.5.2 Occupational violence
    No data available.
- 9.6 Other hazardous substances
  Summary / Citation: The law provides that the release of dust, gases, vapors, mists or fumes into the workplace should be prevented by the most appropriate means to the circumstances.
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
  • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 44)
- 9.7 Machineries
  Sometimes.
  - 9.7.1 Risks related to machinery and tools
    Summary / Citation: The Decrees of the Ministry of Labour, issued following consultation with the National OSH Committee and under the framework of the Labour Code provisions shall restrict, regulate or prohibit the manufacture, use, sale, import, transport, transfer and use of machinery, substances and preparations dangerous for the workers or the environment.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186.b)
  - 9.7.2 Duty of designers and/or manufacturers of machineries in relation to the occupational safety and health of operators of machineries
    Summary / Citation: The Decrees of the Ministry of Labour, issued following consultation with the National OSH Committee and under the framework of the Labour Code provisions shall restrict, regulate or prohibit the manufacture, use, sale, import, transport, transfer and use of machinery, substances and preparations dangerous for the workers or the environment.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186.a)
  - 9.7.3 Duty of designers, manufacturers, importers or suppliers of machineries to provide machineries information
    No data available.
  - 9.7.4 Duty to purchase machineries from authorised/certificated suppliers or only if approved/certificated
    No data available.
  - 9.7.5 Maintenance of machinery and equipment
    Summary / Citation: The raw materials, goods, works or semi-works or any objects that during handling or transport, could cause accidents due to their weight, volume, fragility or their nature, shall be handled and transported using the suitable means and following the appropriate methods to eliminate the danger.
    The vehicles and their brakes shall be constantly maintained in good working condition.
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 65, Art. 68)
    - 9.7.5.1 List of equipment where applicable
      No data available.
- 9.8 Provisions to protect workers in specific condition of vulnerability
  Yes.
  - 9.8.1 Protection of pregnancy at work
    Summary / Citation: Except in the case of negligence unrelated to the pregnancy or in case of impossibility to maintain the contract, the employer shall not dismiss a worker in a state of apparent or medically recognized pregnancy.
    Any dismissal in violation of the law entitles a compensation for damages to the worker. The due amount shall not be of less than 12 months' salary.
    The maternity leave starts six weeks before the probable date of confinement until eight weeks after childbirth.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 170-172)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Maternity Protection Convention, 2000 (No. 183) Direct Request 2014
  - 9.8.2 Protection of lactating women at work
    Summary / Citation: During a period of 15 months after the return to work from the maternity leave, the working mother has the right to nursing breaks of up to 1 hour per day.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 173)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Maternity Protection Convention, 2000 (No. 183) Direct Request 2014
  - 9.8.3 Limits to women’s access to specific occupations, undertakings or shifts
    Summary / Citation: Labour Inspectors shall require a risk assessment for female workers and minors by a medical practitioner in order to establish if the work they perform is suitable for their capacities.
    In addition, Decree n. 132 states other specific limitations for women, pregnant and lactating workers related to weight, machinery and tools, particular dangerous occupations, ban to work in certain hazardous working environments or with dangerous substances, among others.
    • Arrêté ministériel n° 132/MFPTRA/MSP/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 2 novembre 2000 fixant la nature des travaux et les catégories d'entreprises interdites aux femmes, aux femmes enceintes et aux jeunes gens et l'âge limite auquel s'applique l'interdiction. (Arts. 4-9)
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Arts. 168-169)
  - 9.8.4 Limits to workers’ access to specific occupations, undertakings or shifts by reason of age
    Summary / Citation: The minimum working age is 14 years. Night work is prohibited for young workers under 18 years of age. However, exemptions can be approved by decision of the Council of Ministers, following consultation with the National Labour Council.
    In addition, Decree n. 132 states other specific limitations for young workers related to weight, machinery and tools, particularly dangerous occupations, ban to work in certain hazardous working environments or with dangerous substances, among others.
    
    • Arrêté ministériel n° 132/MFPTRA/MSP/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 2 novembre 2000 fixant la nature des travaux et les catégories d'entreprises interdites aux femmes, aux femmes enceintes et aux jeunes gens et l'âge limite auquel s'applique l'interdiction. (Arts. 10-22)
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Arts. 153-154)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) Observation 2021
    • Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) Direct Request 2021
    • Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919Â (No. 6) Observation 2011
    • Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919Â (No. 6) Direct Request 2006
10 Recording, notification and investigation of accidents/incidents and diseases
- 10.1 Duty to record and/or investigate the causes of work accidents, near misses incidents and cases of occupational diseases
  Sometimes.
  - 10.1.1 Work-related accidents
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall:
    - Investigate serious occupational accidents and diseases to determine causes and propose measures to remedy the situation;
    - Set up statistics of occupational accidents and diseases.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 189)
  - 10.1.2 Near miss incidents
    No data available.
  - 10.1.3 Occupational diseases
    Summary / Citation: The health and safety committee (joint OSH committee) shall:
    - Investigate serious occupational accidents and diseases to determine causes and propose measures to remedy the situation;
    - Set up statistics of occupational accidents and diseases.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 189)
- 10.2 Employers’ duty to notify OSH authorities of work related death and/or injuries to health
  Summary / Citation: Employers are required to report simultaneously to the labour inspector of the undertaking and to the Social Security Fund, within 48 hours any occupational accident or disease diagnosed in the workplace.
  The declaration could be made by the worker or his/her representatives.
  Regarding occupational diseases, the date of the first medical diagnosis of the disease is considered as the date of the accident.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 201)
  Related CEACR Comments
  • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Observation 2017
  • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Direct Request 2017
11 OSH inspection and enforcement of OSH legislation
- 11.1 Appointment of OSH inspectors
  Summary / Citation: Labour administration includes all services that, under the authority of the Minister, are responsible for labour issues, employment, job counseling and vocational training and social security, in the functions of policy-making, counseling, leadership, coordination and control.
  
  The Labour administration prepares and publishes an annual report on the activities of the inspection services under its control.
  The Ministry of Labour and Public Service shall create a medical labour inspectorate. This service shall analyze all health problems in the workplaces.
  The medical labor inspectors act jointly with labour inspectors to ensure compliance with the measures to prevent occupational hazards and for the improvement of physical working conditions.
  • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 266)
  • Ordonnance no 72-60 du 13 mars 1972 portant création d'un Service d'inspection médicale du travail et de la main-d'oeuvre. (Art. 1-3)
- 11.2 OSH inspectors’ powers
  Yes.
  - 11.2.1 Power to enter workplaces
    Summary / Citation: Labour inspectors are allowed to enter freely and without previous notice at any time of day or night in workplaces subject to control. They shall also enter by day or night in other places, when there is a reasonable cause to believe that a control is necessary.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 274)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Observation 2017
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Direct Request 2017
  - 11.2.2 Power to inspect and carry out any examination, test or enquiry
    Summary / Citation: Inspectors have the power to conduct all examinations or investigations deemed necessary to ensure compliance with the provisions of OSH laws and regulations.
    Inspectors have the power to:
    - interview witnesses or anyone whose testimony could be useful for the investigation;
    - require the reproduction of any books, records or documents;
    - require the posting of notices according to the law;
    - take or remove, for purposes of analysis, samples of materials and substances used or handled;
    - require, if necessary, advice to doctors and other technicians.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 274)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Observation 2017
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Direct Request 2017
  - 11.2.3 Power to investigate
    Summary / Citation: Inspectors have the power to conduct all examinations or investigations deemed necessary to ensure compliance with the provisions of OSH laws and regulations.
    Inspectors have the power to:
    - interview witnesses or anyone whose testimony could be useful for the investigation;
    - require the reproduction of any books, records or documents;
    - require the posting of notices according to the law; to take or remove, for purposes of analysis, samples of materials and substances used or handled;
    - require, if necessary, advice to doctors and other technicians.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 274)
  - 11.2.4 Duty to provide advice on OSH
    Summary / Citation: The labour medical inspector is responsible for advising employers and workers on effective measures to enforce legislative provisions and regulations in health and safety at work.
    
    • Ordonnance no 72-60 du 13 mars 1972 portant création d'un Service d'inspection médicale du travail et de la main-d'oeuvre. (Art. 5)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Observation 2017
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Direct Request 2017
- 11.3 OSH inspectors’ enforcement powers
  Sometimes.
  - 11.3.1 Power to issue orders or notices
    Summary / Citation: The labour inspector shall issue notices to the employer to comply with the law requirements.
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 105)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 186, Arts. 192-193)
    • Ordonnance no 72-60 du 13 mars 1972 portant création d'un Service d'inspection médicale du travail et de la main-d'oeuvre. (Art. 8)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Observation 2017
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Direct Request 2017
  - 11.3.2 Power to impose financial penalties
    No data available.
  - 11.3.3 Power to revoke or suspend licenses or authorisations
    No data available.
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Observation 2017
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Direct Request 2017
  - 11.3.4 Power to require the cessation of dangerous work
    Summary / Citation: In cases of extreme urgency, the labor inspector shall order immediately enforceable measures to stop any serious and imminent danger.
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 192)
    Related CEACR Comments
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Observation 2017
    • Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81) Direct Request 2017
  - 11.3.5 Power to initiate prosecutions
    Summary / Citation: The labour inspector shall issue notices to the employer to comply with the law requirements. After the deadline given in the notice, if the employer did not undertake the required measures, the labour inspector, after verification, shall initiate prosecutions.
    However, in cases of extreme urgency, the labor inspector may initiate prosecution without giving notice.
    
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 192, Art. 271)
  - 11.3.6 Power to conduct prosecutions
    No data available.
  - 11.3.7 Other enforcement powers
    No data available.
- 11.4 Application of sanctions by courts
  Sometimes.
  - 11.4.1 Financial penalties for legal persons
    Summary / Citation: The courts may impose financial penalties ranging from 3500 FCFA to 35000 FCFA, and up to 420000 FCFA in case of recidivism (from US$ 7 to US$ 837,50).
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 106)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 298)
  - 11.4.2 Financial penalties for natural persons
    Summary / Citation: The courts may impose financial penalties ranging from 3500 FCFA to 35000 FCFA, and up to 420000 FCFA in case of recidivism (from US$ 7 to US$ 837,50).
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail. (Art. 106)
    • Arrêté n° 22/MFPTRA/DC/SGM/DT/SST du 19 avril 1999 portant mesures générales d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (PDF)
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 298)
  - 11.4.3 Non-financial sanctions
    No data available.
  - 11.4.4 Criminal liability
    No data available.
  - 11.4.5 Terms of imprisonment for natural persons
    Summary / Citation: The courts may impose imprisonment penalties going from 15 days to 1 year depending on the law infringement.
    
    • Loi n° 98-004 du 27 janvier 1998 portant Code du Travail. (Art. 299-303)

Benin - 2013

Themes

1 Description of national OSH regulatory framework

1.1 Description of OSH regulatory framework

2 Scope, coverage and exclusions

2.1 Health and safety covers physical and psychological health

2.2 Definition of worker

2.2.1 Coverage of particular categories of workers

2.2.1.1 Migrant workers

2.2.1.2 Domestic workers

2.2.1.3 Home workers

2.2.1.4 Self-employed persons

2.3 Definition of employer

2.4 Exclusion of branches of economic activity

2.4.1 Agriculture

2.4.2 Construction

2.4.3 Services

2.4.4 Public sector

2.4.5 Other

2.5 Definition of occupational accident

2.6 Definition of occupational disease

2.6.1 List of occupational diseases

2.6.2 Mechanism for compensating other diseases as occupational ones

3 Institutions and programmes relating to OSH administration and/or enforcement

3.1 Competent national authority for safety and health at work

3.1.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions

3.1.2 Chairperson and composition

3.2 National OSH research programme or institute

3.2.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions

3.2.2 Governance board constitution and chairmanship

3.2.3 Source of funding

3.3 National OSH programme

3.3.1 Consultation on the national OSH programme

4 Employers’ duties and responsibilities to protect the safety and health of workers and others

4.1 Duty to ensure the health and safety of employees

4.2 Duty to protect the health and safety of people other than their own employees

4.3 Collaboration among two or more employers at the same workplace

4.4 Surveillance of workers’ health in relation to work

4.4.1 Specific hazards for which surveillance is required

4.5 Surveillance of the working environment and working practices

4.6 Duty to provide personal protective equipment

4.7 Duty to ensure the usage of personal protective equipment

4.8 Duty to provide first-aid and welfare facilities

4.8.1 Arrangements for first-aid

4.8.2 Sanitary installations

4.8.3 Drinking water

4.8.4 Rest and eating areas

5 Employers’ duty to organize prevention formally along generally accepted OSH management principles and practices

5.1 Elements of an OSH management system

5.1.1 Policy or plan specifying responsibilities and arrangements for health and safety

5.1.2 Appointment of a person for health and safety

5.1.3 Written risk assessment

5.1.4 Safe operating work systems and procedures

5.1.5 Training and information on risks

5.1.6 Review or assessment of the results of preventive measures

5.1.7 Consultation with workers in health and safety

5.2 Obligation to implement a specific OSH management system or standard

6 Employers’ duty to ensure availability of expertise and competence in health and safety

6.1 OSH competence

6.1.1 Requirement to access expert advice and/or support in health and safety

6.1.1.1 Qualifications of experts or professional services

6.2 Appointment of an OSH practitioner

6.2.1 Workforce size threshold for the appointment of OSH practitioners

7 Workers' rights and duties

7.1 Duty to take reasonable steps to protect their own safety and health

7.2 Duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others

7.3 Supervisors’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others

7.4 Senior officers’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect the safety and health of others

7.5 Self-employed persons’ duty to take reasonable steps to protect their own and other people’s health and safety

7.6 Duty to comply with OSH-related requirements

7.7 Right to enquire about risks and preventive measures

7.8 Right to remove themselves from a dangerous situation

7.9 Right to be reassigned to non-hazard work

7.9.1 Right to withdraw with compensation when workers are not reassigned to non-hazard work

8 Consultation, collaboration and co-operation with workers and their representatives

8.1 National OSH committee, commission, council or similar body

8.1.1 Objectives, roles and/or functions

8.1.2 Constitution and chairmanship modalities

8.2 Employers’ duty to consult workers on risks

8.3 Workers’ right to select their representatives for health and safety matters