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• Psychosocial factors and the role of management

2011

CIS 12-0352 Marchand A., Boyer R., Nadeau C., Martin M.
Predictive factors for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder following a critical accident involving police officers -Prospective study
Facteurs prévisionnels du développement de l'état de stress post-traumatique à la suite d'un événement traumatique chez les policiers -Volet prospectif [en francés]
After having shown in an earlier study that Quebec police officers are not more susceptible than the general population to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) even though they are potentially at higher risk of being exposed to traumatic events (TEs), this second study established that the symptoms associated with PTSD development in police officers can be reduced or prevented with specific and adapted interventions. The risk factors are mainly that they experience, during or after the event, dissociation, intense emotional and physical reactions, acute stress, depressive symptoms or even the avoidance of any form of emotion. Rapid intervention with a police officer shortly after the TE as well as in the following weeks increases the chances of preventing the development of PTSD. Eighty-three male and female Quebec police officers, all involved in a major event, voluntarily participated in this prospective study. The study shows that police officers use various means and strategies of adaptation to deal with a critical event at work. Talking about it with their colleagues, obtaining their support, and having leisure activities are aspects that help them, particularly after a traumatic event. The police officers even advise their coworkers to consult a psychologist and are themselves open to the idea of receiving such support.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2011. viii, 74p. Illus. 169 ref.
Facteurs_prévisionnels_du_développement_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [en francés]

CIS 11-0792 Lunt J.A., Sheffield D., Bell N., Bennett V., Morris L.A.
Review of preventative behavioural interventions for dermal and respiratory hazards
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and processes of occupational-based behavioural interventions for workers exposed to dermal and respiratory hazards. A systematic review was conducted. Ten articles identified as being potentially relevant were included. Data were extracted according to potential sources of bias, impact and behavioural change processes used. A predominance of small effect sizes, particularly for larger samples, demonstrated limited but positive impact upon exposure. Studies contained too much heterogeneity for reliable meta-analysis. None of the studies covered the full range of behaviour change components necessary for reducing exposure risk. Recommendations for future interventions are proposed.
Occupational Medicine, 2011, Vol.61. p.311-320. 42 ref.

CIS 11-0640 Iavicoli S., Natali E., Deitinger P., Rondinone B.M., Ertel M., Jain A., Leka S.
Occupational health and safety policy and psychosocial risks in Europe: The role of stakeholders' perceptions
Across Europe, there appear to be wide gaps in perception between experts and the general population on the nature and the relevance of psychosocial risks. This study investigated the level of knowledge among European stakeholders of legislation on occupational safety and health, focusing particularly on psychosocial risk factors. 75 members of employers' associations, trade unions and government institutions from 21 countries in the European Union participated in the study. In addition, to further elaborate the findings of the survey, focus groups were organised during a 2-day workshop. The level of application of European Directive 89/391 (see CIS 89-1401) for the assessment and management of psychosocial risks and work-related stress was largely reported by the stakeholders as inadequate. This opinion was more marked in the new EU27 countries than the older EU15, and the difference was significant as regards the impact of the Directive on the assessment and management of psychosocial risks. Overall, psychosocial risks and work-related stress were reported to be important occupational safety and health concerns; however there were important differences among stakeholders in different countries.
Health Policy, 2011, Vol.101, p.87-94. 34 ref.
Occupational_health_and_safety_policy.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0704 Schröder-Hinrichs J.U., Baldauf M., Ghirxi KT.
Accident investigation reporting deficiencies related to organizational factors in machinery space fires and explosions
This article presents a review of 41 accident investigation reports related to ship engine-room space fires and explosions. The objective was to find out whether organizational factors were identified during maritime accident investigations. An adapted version of the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) with minor modifications related to engine room features was applied. Findings show that organizational factors were not identified by maritime accident investigators to the extent expected, had the IMO guidelines been observed. Instead, contributing factors at the lower end of organizational echelons are over-represented. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Accident Analysis and Prevention, May 2011, Vol.43, No.3, p.1187-1196. Illus. 44 ref.

CIS 11-0443 Mullen J., Kelloway E.K., Teed M.
Inconsistent style of leadership as a predictor of safety behaviour
Research on the effects of passive rather than transformational styles of leadership is limited, especially regarding safety-related outcomes in the workplace. Both styles of leadership can be exhibited at different times in the same individual; here we refer to this as inconsistent leadership. This study examines the effect of inconsistent safety-specific leadership style on the safety participation and safety compliance of employees. Operationalized as the interaction of safety-specific transformational leadership and passive leadership, inconsistent safety leadership emerged as a significant predictor of both outcomes in two samples in Canada: a sample of 241 young workers and again in a sample of 491 older workers, who were long-term health care employees. It was found that a transformational safety-specific leadership style was associated with greater safety compliance and safety participation in employees. Furthermore, in all cases, the predictive effect of transformational style of leadership on safety participation and safety compliance was attenuated when leaders also displayed passive leadership with respect to safety outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications for safety management are discussed.
Work and Stress, Jan.-Mar. 2011, Vol.25, No.1, p.41-54. Illus. 60 ref.

CIS 11-0288 Ravallec C., Ginibrière G.
Health and restructuring: A need for openness
Santé et restructurations. Un besoin de transparence [en francés]
This collection of articles addresses the issue of risks to employees' health as a result of enterprise restructuring, together with approaches to ensure that these restructurings are carried out without endangering their health. Contents: overview of the current situation; recommendations of a European report; case of health care workers; case of the merger of two French administrations; case of the French national telecommunications enterprise; case of the buyout of a small enterprise following its bankruptcy; case of a merger of dairy cooperatives.
Travail et sécurité, Jan. 2011, No.713, p.20-35. Illus. 7 ref.
Santé_et_restructurations.pdf [en francés]

2010

CIS 11-0896 Hilton M.F., Whiteford H.A.
Associations between psychological distress, workplace accidents, workplace failures and workplace successes
This study investigates associations between psychological distress and workplace accidents, workplace failures and workplace successes. The Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) was distributed to employees of 58 large employers in Australia. A total of 60,556 full-time employees were eligible for analysis. The HPQ probed whether the respondent had, in the past 30-days, a workplace accident, success or failure. Psychological distress was quantified using the Kessler 6 (K6) scale and categorised into low, moderate and high psychological distress. Three binomial logistic regressions were performed with the dependent variables being workplace accident, success or failure. Covariates in the models were K6 category, gender, age, marital status, education level, job category, physical health and employment sector. Moderate and high psychological distress significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) for a workplace accident to 1.4 for both levels of distress. Moderate and high psychological distress significantly increased the OR (OR 2.3 and 2.6, respectively) for a workplace failure and significantly decreased the OR for a workplace success (OR 0.8 and 0.7, respectively). Implications of these findings are discussed.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dec. 2010, Vol.83, No.8, p.923-933. 50 ref.
Associations_between_psychological_distress.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0627 Rodríguez C.A.
La cultura de la prevención
This document examines, in conceptual, theoretical and methodological terms, the importance of promoting occupational safety and health culture as an efficient tool for improving living and working conditions.
Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social de la Provincia de Santa Fe, Rivadavia 3049/51 Ciudad de Santa Fe, S3000FWI, Argentina, 2010. 55p. 100 ref.

CIS 11-0610 Podgórski D.
The use of tacit knowledge in occupational safety and health management systems
A systematic approach to occupational safety and health (OSH) management and concepts of knowledge management (KM) have developed independently since the 1990s. Most KM models assume a division of knowledge into explicit and tacit. The role of tacit knowledge is stressed as necessary for higher performance in an enterprise. This article reviews literature on KM applications in OSH. Next, 10 sections of an OSH management system (OSH MS) are identified, in which creating and transferring tacit knowledge contributes significantly to prevention of occupational injuries and diseases. The roles of tacit knowledge in OSH MS are contrasted with those of explicit knowledge, but a lack of a model that would describe this process holistically is pointed out. Finally, examples of methods and tools supporting the use of KM in OSH MS are presented and topics of future research aimed at enhancing KM applications in OSH MS are proposed.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2010, Vol.16, No.3, p.283-310. Illus. 74 ref.

CIS 11-0593 Llacuna Morera J.
Situaciones comunicativas emocionalmente desagradables: respuesta verbal y no verbal
This information note presents a series of communicative situations that are unpleasant or aggressive to the recipient. These situations cause emotional responses which may hinder the effectiveness of the communication, for example for the training and information of personnel.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2010. 4p. Illus. 13 ref.
NTP_885.pdf [en español]

CIS 11-0333 Young A. E.
Return to work following disabling occupational injury - Facilitators of employment continuation
Return to work following occupational injury is an important rehabilitation milestone; however, it does not mark the end of the return-to-work process. Following a return to the workplace, workers can experience difficulties that compromise their rehabilitation gains. This study used data gathered during one-on-one telephone interviews with 146 workers who experienced a work-related injury that resulted in their being unable to return to their pre-injury job, but who returned to work following an extended period of absence and the receipt of vocational services. Numerous return-to-work facilitators were reported, including features of the workers' environmental and personal contexts, as well as body function, activities, and participation. Influences that stood out included a perception that the work was appropriate, supportive workplace relationships, and a sense of satisfaction/achievement associated with being at work. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Nov. 2010, Vol.36 No.6, p.473-483. 48 ref.
Return_to_work_following.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0296 Asfaw A.G., Bushnell P.T., Ray T.K.
Relationship of work injury severity to family member hospitalization
Working while under stress due to a family health event may result in injuries of greater severity. Work leave might mitigate such consequences. Workers' compensation data for 33,817 injured workers and inpatient medical data for 76,077 members of their families were extracted from various databases. The impact of family hospitalization on the probability that a subsequent injury would be severe (above average indemnity costs) was estimated, adjusting for age, sex, hourly versus salaried status, industry sector, state and family size. Family hospitalization within 15 days before injury increased the likelihood that the injury would be severe (from 12.5% to 21.5%) and was associated with 40% higher indemnity costs and 50% higher medical costs. Hospitalizations over 30 days before injury had no impact. Timely family leaves might help prevent severe workplace injuries.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2010, Vol.53, p.506-513. Illus. 46 ref.

CIS 11-0209 Kusma B., Nienhaus A., Spallek M., Quarcoo D., Groneberg D.A., Mache S.
Bidirectional assessment of stress, job satisfaction and work ability of educators in day care centres: A real-time observation study - The study protocol (BASE)
The objectives and design of a future study aimed at collecting precise data relating to work of educators. The effects of different types of ownership of day care centres on job satisfaction and work ability of educators will be assessed with the help of objective real time studies in combination with multi-level psycho diagnostic measurements. Following an exhaustive documentation of educators work processes, the day-to-day task can be estimated and approaches for prevention can be developed. This can substantially contribute to an overall improvement of child care in Germany.
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 2010, No.5:16, 5p. Illus. 32 ref.
Bidirectional_assessment.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0155 Schenker M.B.
Migration and occupational health: Shining a light on the problem
This editorial summarizes and comments the various articles presented in the whole issue of the journal devoted to migrant workers and occupational health.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2010, Vol.53, p.327-328.

CIS 11-0290 Fournier P.S., Montreuil S., Brun J.P., Bilodeau C., Villa J.
Exploratory study to identify the aspects of the workload having an impact on health and safety: Case study in the services sector
Etude exploratoire des facteurs de la charge de travail ayant un impact sur la santé et la sécurité: étude de cas dans le secteur des services [en francés]
The new types of work organization may have negative impacts on individuals in the form of fatigue, chronic stress or musculoskeletal disorders, as well as on the enterprise in the form of absenteeism or personnel turnover. The objective of this study was to identify the underlying dynamics and organizational processes leading to high workloads likely to have an impact on occupational safety and health. It was carried out at a leading Quebec insurance company by means of job observations and interviews among workers assigned to customer care. Findings are discussed.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2010. xi, 57p. Illus. 77 ref. Price: CAD 8.40. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
R-668.pdf [en francés]

CIS 11-0140 Aguiar Coelho J.
Prevention of psychosocial hazards in hospitals
Prevenção de riscos psicosocialais no trabalho en hospitais [en portugués]
The prevention of occupational psychosocial risks is now a legal requirement in Portuguese hospitals. Research efforts and scientific publications highlight the fact that psychosocial hazards are much higher in health care than in other sectors of activity, a situation that is particularly true for hospitals. The objective of this thesis is to define a theoretical framework for the prevention of occupational psychosocial hazards; it presents a model for the organization of prevention and the management of psychosocial hazards in hospitals.
Edições Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal, 2010. 297p. Approx. 450 ref. Price: 10.00 EUR.

CIS 11-0139 Sein M.M., Howteerakul N., Suwannapong N., Jirachewee J.
Job strain among rubber-glove-factory workers in Central Thailand
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of, and examine factors associated with, job strain among workers in a rubber-glove factory in a central province of Thailand. A total of 200 workers aged 18-55 years who had worked at the factory for at least six months completed the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) (Thai version). The prevalence of job strain was 27.5%. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated two variables significantly associated with job strain: low supervisor social support (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.08) and high job insecurity (djusted OR 2.25). Effective training for supervisors to create good relationships among workers and supervisors, and ensuring steady and secure jobs for good employees, are necessary measures.
Industrial Health, July 2010, Vol.48, No.4, p.503-510. 36 ref.
Job_strain.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0137 Fletcher A.
Staying safe in the jungles of Borneo: Five studies of fatigue and cultural issues in remote mining projects
The global mining industry keeps expanding, and projects are often started in areas previously considered too remote. Due to worker beliefs about safety, and the diversity of cultures in remote projects, the measurement and management of human fatigue is complex. This article reports on five studies from mining companies in a region of Indonesia, where workers had died in likely fatigue-related accidents. Mixed-method approaches, involving qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative measures were used. Findings are discussed. It is concluded that interaction of cultures, stress, sleep, fatigue, safety and individual differences must be more effectively addressed in remote mining camps.
Industrial Health, July 2010, Vol.48, No.4, p.406-415. Illus. 21 ref.
Staying_safe.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0781 Brough P., O'Driscoll M.P.
Organizational interventions for balancing work and home demands: An overview
The effective management of work and non-work demands can have a significant effect on workers' health and performance. The last decade especially has seen an explosion of work-life balance research, resulting in substantial theoretical and practical advances. However, the published literature on organizational interventions to improve work-life balance is extremely sparse. This article provides some prominent examples of empirical research concerning work-life balance organizational interventions and note that these fall into three main groups: initiatives addressing working time and/or working hours, collaborative action research focused on improving workplace equity and performance levels, and initiatives to embed work-life balance within organizational cultures. It also comments on some common difficulties faced by researchers in evaluating interventions. The specific examples presented illustrate challenges to research on the effectiveness of work-life balance interventions. Researchers are encouraged to reconsider the use of merely descriptive rather than more rigorous research designs and to investigate the long-term effectiveness of organizational strategies to enhance work-life balance.
Work and Stress, 3rd quarter 2010, Vol.24, No.3, p.280-297. 59 ref.

CIS 10-0715 Lu C.S., Tsai C.L.
The effect of safety climate on seafarers' safety behaviors in container shipping
This study examined the safety climate and its effects on safety behaviour based on the perceptions of seafarers in the container shipping sector. Research hypotheses were formulated and tested using survey data collected from 608 seafarers working on 124 vessels. A structural equation model was used to examine the effects safety policy, perceived supervisor safety behaviour and safety management, on safety behaviour. Findings revealed a positive association between safety climate and seafarers' safety behaviour. Implications are discussed.
Accident Analysis and Prevention, Nov 2010, Vol.42, No.6, p.1999-2006. Illus. 95 ref.

CIS 10-0741 Peters S., Papin J.
Stress prevention in a large French enterprise
La prévention du stress dans une grande entreprise française [en francés]
This article presents the stress prevention programme of a large French aerospace and defense firm, implemented in 19 production sites.
Travail et santé, Dec. 2010, Vol. 26, No. 4, p. 12-17. Illus. 1 ref.

CIS 10-0574 Kakimoto Y.
Some problems of human factors approaches in aviation accident investigation
Kōkū jiko chōsa taisei ni tsuite - Hyūman fakutā apurōchi no mondaiten [en japonés]
The Science Council of Japan and Japanese victims family groups have advanced opinions as to how to carry out accident investigations better than before. This paper attempts to analyse the following points: (1) the purpose of accident investigation; (2) priorities in such investigations; (3) should human errors in organizations be tackled through criminal law?; (4) use of accident investigation reports in trials; (5) the hiring of human factor specialists as investigators and commission members; (6) the use of various models of human factors.
Journal of Science of Labour - Rōdō Kagaku, 2010, Vol.86, No.2, p.105-112. 10 ref.

CIS 10-0411 Smith D.R., Muto T., Sairenchi T., Ishikawa Y., Sayama S., Yoshida A., Townley-Jones M.
Hospital safety climate, psychosocial risk factors and needlestick injuries in Japan
To investigate the interactions between safety climate, psychosocial issues and needlestick and sharps injuries (NSI), a cross-sectional study was undertaken among nurses at a university teaching hospital in Japan (89% response rate). NSI were correlated with various aspects of hospital safety climate including supporting one another at work, the protection of staff against blood-borne diseases being a high management priority, managers doing their part to protect staff from blood-borne diseases, having unsafe work practices corrected by supervisors, having the opportunity to use safety equipment to protect against blood-borne disease exposures, having an uncluttered work area, and having minimal conflict within their department. This study demonstrated the importance of hospital safety climate in Japanese health care practice, particularly its relationship with NSI.
Industrial Health, Jan. 2010, Vol.48, No.1, p.85-95. Illus. 78 ref.
Hospital_safety_climate.pdf [en inglés]

2009

CIS 11-0366 Vézina M., eds.
Matrix for the identification of psychosocial risks at work
Grille d'identification des risques psychosociaux au travail [en francés]
Occupational health professionals are increasingly concerned by the extent of work-related mental health problems. A growing number of cases relate to psychological distress, burnout, depression or, more generally, to occupational stress. Within this context, an important need has arisen for a tool allowing a simple evaluation of the probability of high psychosocial risks in certain occupational settings, thus allowing judging whether a further investigation of the case is warranted. This document presents a simple quantitative tool which also includes educational features, aimed at assisting professionals in identifying actions to be implemented or targets to be reached within the enterprise.
Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 94, avenue Wolfe, Quebec G1V 5B3, Canada, 2009. 38p.
Grille_d'identification.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0750 Morin E.M., Gagné C., Cherré B.
Making work meaningful - Promoting psychological well-being
Donner un sens au travail - Promouvoir le bien-être psychologique [en francés]
Aimed at managers and persons concerned with occupational heath, this booklet is based on a study on meaningful work, carried out by means of questionnaires addressed to employees of four organizations in order to demonstrate that characteristics such as the usefulness of the work, the moral rectitude of the work, learning and development opportunities, autonomy, recognition and the quality of human relations were tied to the meaning that people give to their work. It was also observed that work that is seen as being useful to society and that makes it possible to learn are factors that influence employees' perceptions. Based on the findings, a theoretical model was developed that presents work organization as a determining factor of employees' health, attitudes and performance.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2009. 16p. Illus. 22 ref. Price: CAD 5.25. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
Report_R-624.pdf [en inglés]
Rapport_R-624.pdf [en francés]

2008

CIS 11-0746
Ministerio de trabajo, empleo y seguridad social
Cuestiones psicológicas emergentes de la situación laboral
Report of a conference on psychological problems in occupational settings, organized by the Argentinian public OSH institution (Superintendencia de riesgos del trabajo, SRT). Topics addressed: case of a call centre; violence at work in the health care sector; emerging psychological hazards in occupational settings; presentation of a case of psychological harassment.
Superintendencia de Riesgos del Trabajo (SRT), Bartolomé Mitre 751, C1036AAM Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, no date. 29p. pdf document.

CIS 11-0205 Mellor N., Arnold J., Gelade G.
Health and Safety Executive
The effects of transformational leadership on employees' absenteeism in four UK public sector organisations
A transformational leader is not only supportive of employees' needs but is also able to set a personal example, to stimulate, develop and inspire employees. This style of leadership has consistently been found to relate to a wide range of positive work outcomes including job satisfaction, commitment and work performance. Most studies so far were conducted in the private sector. This study explored to what extent transformational leadership can affect employee absence in a sample of UK public sector organizations. Survey data were collected from three local authorities and one police force. A total of 1498 employees completed the survey representing a 31% response rate. The absence data collected included the average number of days of absence per person and the frequency of absence over the year before the survey and six months after. Findings are discussed. Overall, although leadership behaviour may have beneficial effects on employees' absence, as suggested by prior research, the transformational leadership behaviour tested in this study had, at best, modest effects.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2008. x, 60p. Illus. Approx. 110 ref.
HSE_Research_Report_648.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0141 Aguiar Coelho J.
Introduction to the psychology of occupational health - Prevention of psychosocial hazards
Uma introdução à psicologia da saúde ocupacional - Prevenção dos riscos psicossociais no trabalho [en portugués]
The psychology of occupational health is a new field which finds its justification in the increase of psychosocial hazards at work. Within the European Union, there exists since 1989 a requirement for the prevention of occupational psychosocial hazards. This publication, which is primarily aimed at psychology professionals and students, presents this new field together with methodologies and techniques for the evaluation of psychosocial hazards.
Edições Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal, 2008. 143p. Illus. 84 ref.

CIS 11-0135 Yarker J., Lewis R., Donaldson-Feilder E.
Health and Safety Executive
Management competencies for preventing and reducing stress at work - Identifying and developing the management behaviours necessary to implement the HSE Management Standards: Phase Two
This report presents the findings of a research project to identify the specific management behaviours associated with the effective management of stress at work. It involved a literature survey, interviews with managers, subordinates and stakeholders, and workshops with stress experts. The resulting indicator tool consists of four competencies and 12 sub-competencies, with a total of 66 items.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2008. xii, 94p. Approx. 90 ref.
Report_RR633.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0898 Guignon N., Niedhammer I., Sandret N.
Psychosocial factors at the place of work - An evaluation by means of the Karasek questionnaire within the SUMER 2003 survey
Les facteurs psychosociaux au travail - Une évaluation par le questionnaire de Karasek dans l'enquête SUMER 2003 [en francés]
According to this second article on psychosocial hazards highlighted in the SUMER survey (see also ISN 111338), women are more exposed than men to job strain, a health hazard which arises when individuals do not have enough latitude to face the demands which they perceive to be placed on them at work. The article also discusses the situation of blue-collar and white-collar workers, and supervisors. These findings were obtained by means of the Karasek questionnaire, one of the most frequently-used tools for evaluating psychosocial risks at work.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd quarter 2008, No.115, p.389-398. Illus. 10 ref.
TF_175.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0897 Bué J., Sandret N.
One employee in six believes himself or herself to be the victim of hostile behaviour at work
Un salarié sur six estime être l'objet de comportements hostiles dans le cadre de son travail [en francés]
This article comments the findings of the SUMER survey on the exposure to occupational hazards in France, according to which 17% of the employees declare being the subject of systematically hostile behaviour on the part of one or several work colleagues. Such situations can constitute a risk factor for mental health. Non-qualified workers are particularly vulnerable to this type of behaviour. Other risk situations include strong hierarchical constraints, intensive work rhythms and lack of support by colleagues and supervisors. See also ISN 111339.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd quarter 2008, No.115, p.379-387. Illus. 6 ref.
TF_174.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0896 Durand E., Gayet C., Laborde L., Van Deweerdt C., Farges E.
Addictive behaviour and work
Conduites addictives et travail [en francés]
The consumption of alcohol, cannabis and other psychoactive substances can endanger workers' safety and health, and in particular cause occupational accidents. This article addresses the issues of prevention and management of substance abuse at enterprise level. Prevention involves a collective approach based on a protocol accepted by all parties, specifying the modes of intervention, screening, surveillance, management and decisions to withdraw or maintain substance-dependent workers at their jobs.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd quarter 2008, No.115, p.339-362. Illus. 75 ref.
TC_121.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0887
Autoridade para as condições do trabalho, International Labour Office
Alcohol and drug problems at work - The shift to prevention
Problemas ligados ao álcool e a drogas no local de trabalho - Uma evolução para a prevenção [en portugués]
This document is a practical manual to setting up and managing substance abuse prevention programmes in the enterprise. It describes the physiological effects of alcohol and drugs and the problems relating to intoxication, regular use and dependency as they affect the workplace. It presents a step-by-step guidance on designing, implementing and sustaining prevention programmes. It also provides examples of alcohol and drug policies from companies around the world, useful checklists, self-assessment tools and an extensive list of Internet, print and audiovisual resources. Portuguese translation of CIS 03-500.
Escritorio da OIT, Rua do Viriato n°7, 7° e 8° andar, 1050-233 Lisbon, Portugal, 2008. xvii, 138p. Illus. 3 ref.
Problemas_ligados_ao_álcool_e_a_drogas.pdf [en portugués]

CIS 10-0886
International Labour Office
Management of alcohol- and drug-related issues in the workplace
Gestão das questões relacionadas com o álcool e drogas nos locais de trabalho [en portugués]
Contents of this ILO code of practice: duties and rights of employers and employees; development of an alcohol and drug policy; restrictions on alcohol and drugs in the workplace; prevention through information and training programmes; identification and testing of workers with problems; treatment and rehabilitation programmes; intervention and disciplinary procedures. In appendices: physical effects of alcohol and drugs, and indicators of potential problems; ILO guiding principles on drug and alcohol testing. Portuguese translation of CIS 97-709.
Escritorio da OIT, Rua do Viriato n°7, 7° e 8° andar, 1050-233 Lisbon, Portugal, 2008. xiv, 70p. Bibl.ref.
Gestão_das_questões.pdf [en portugués]

CIS 10-0747 Morin E.
The meaning of work, mental health and organizational commitment
By means of questionnaires, data were collected among employees of four organizations: a hospital, a health and social services centre, a research centre and an engineering consulting firm. The objective was to demonstrate that characteristics such as the usefulness and moral rectitude of the work, the learning and development opportunities, autonomy, recognition and the quality of human relations were linked to the meaning that people give to their work. A theoretical model was developed that presents work organization as a determinant of employees' health, attitudes and performance. Recommendations regarding the prevention of symptoms of psychological distress and the reduction of stress are included.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2008. iii, 54p. Illus. Approx. 150 ref. Price: CAD 8.40. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
Report_R-585.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0623 Hsu S.H., Lee C.C., Wu M.C., Takano K.
A cross-cultural study of organizational factors on safety: Japanese vs. Taiwanese oil refinery plants
This study attempts to identify specific organizational factors and their influence on safety in Taiwan and Japan. Data were collected from employees of Taiwanese and Japanese oil refinery plants. The casual relationships between organizational factors and workers' safety performance were investigated using structural equation modelling. Results show that organizational factors on safety differ in the two countries. Organizational characteristics in Taiwanese plants included higher level of management commitment to safety, harmonious interpersonal relationship, more emphasis on safety activities, higher devotion to supervision, higher safety self-efficacy and high quality of safety performance. Organizational characteristics in Japanese plants included higher level of employee empowerment and attitude towards continuous improvement, more emphasis on systematic safety management approach, efficient reporting system and teamwork and high quality of safety performance. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Accident Analysis and Prevention, Jan. 2008, Vol.40, No.1, p.24-34. Illus. 49 ref.

CIS 10-0141 Leka S., Cox T.
Istituto Superiore Prevenzione e Sicurezza sul Lavoro (ISPESL), Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, World Health Organization (WHO), eds.
PRIMA-EF - Guidance on the European framework for psychosocial risk assessment
This document provides guidance on the European Framework for psychological risk management (PRIMA-EF) and addresses the issue of the management of psychosocial risks at the workplace, aiming at the prevention of work-related stress, workplace violence and workplace bullying. Such a framework, bringing together a number of key issues in the area and providing related guidance was hitherto lacking and considered necessary to address the issues of concern. Also available in Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian and Polish.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2008, 52p. Illus. 32 ref.
http://www.who.int/occupational_health/publications/PRIMA-EF%20Guidance_9.pdf [en inglés]

2005

CIS 10-0158
International Council of Nurses, Public Services International, World Health Organization, International Labour Office
Framework Guidelines for addressing workplace violence in the health sector - The training manual
This training manual on guidelines for addressing workplace violence in the health sector is primarily targeted at workplace situations but is also suitable for being used in awareness-raising contexts. It is intended for a wide range of operators in the health sector, including health personnel, members of professional associations, trade unionists, administrators, managers, trainers, decision makers and practitioners in general. Contents: preliminary remarks for the facilitator; introduction; awareness and understanding; rights and responsibilities, choosing the best approach: recognizing and addressing factors leading to workplace violence; intervention; monitoring and evaluation; conclusion.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2005. viii, 122p. Illus. + CD-ROM.
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---safework/documents/instructionalmaterial/wcms_108542.pdf [en inglés]