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2011

CIS 12-0305 Hanotel T.
CACES - The safe driving aptitude certificate
Le CACES - Certificat d'aptitude à la conduite en sécurité [in French]
Driving power trucks and lifting equipment is restricted to workers having received suitable training. For some types of equipment that present specific hazards, drivers are furthermore required to hold a qualification delivered by the employer. This information sheet presents the CACES (French acronym for safe driving aptitude certificate), which is a good means of ensuring that drivers possess the necessary know-how and skills prior to being authorized to drive. Tables summarize the categories of equipment that require a CACES, together with the recommendation of the corresponding CNAMTS (French National Health Insurance Agency for Wage Earners).
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 3rd ed., Dec. 2011. 6p. Illus. Price: EUR 1.00. Downloadable version free of charge.
Le_CACES_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [in French]

CIS 10-0872 Tam V.W.Y., Fung I.W.H.
Tower crane safety in the construction industry: A Hong Kong study
Tower cranes are extensively used for lifting materials in construction sites. Most construction sites are very confined and close to public. Tower crane accidents not only cause risk to workers at construction sites, but also to pedestrians. This study investigated tower crane safety with respect to regulations and guidelines concerning tower cranes in the Hong Kong construction sector. Data were collected by means of questionnaires and structured interviews. Inadequate training and fatigue were found to be the main reasons of unsafe practices. Recommendations for improving safety performance in tower crane operations are proposed.
Safety Science, Feb. 2009, Vol.49, No.2, p.208-215. Illus. 25 ref.

2010

CIS 11-0464 Tamborero del Pino J.M., Rodríguez Jiménez E.
Truck-mounted articulated hydraulic cranes (II)
Grúas hidráulicas articuladas sobre camión (II) [in Spanish]
This technical note complements the information in technical note NTP 868 (see ISN 111868) on the safety of truck-mounted articulated hydraulic cranes. It describes in particular the safety measures that apply to loading manoeuvres, the personal protective equipment required and the maintenance and inspections to be performed on these devices.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2010. 10p. Illus. 11 ref.
NTP_869.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 11-0575 Tamborero del Pino J.M., Rodríguez Jiménez E.
Truck-mounted articulated hydraulic cranes (I)
Grúas hidráulicas articuladas sobre camión (I) [in Spanish]
This technical note presents the specific risks associated with activities involving truck-mounted articulated hydraulic cranes, together with the required measures of protection and prevention. It also describes the various elements of these devices, the safety systems they need to include and how to manoeuvre them safely.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2010. 8p. Illus.
NTP_868.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 10-0306 Nævestad T.O.
Evaluating a safety culture campaign: Some lessons from a Norwegian case
This evaluation of a safety culture campaign in the Norwegian offshore industry focussed on three groups: onshore managers, crane operators and process operators. They were asked during interviews whether the safety culture campaign contributed to new safety cultures related to care, why or why not, and what could be learned from this. The study indicates that two of the groups developed new safety cultures that sensitize them to new hazards, and motivate and legitimize new preventive practices. Lessons that can be learned from the study are discussed.
Safety Science, June 2010, Vol.48, No.5, p.651-659. Illus. 40 ref.

2008

CIS 08-1444 Sagot F.
Construction site cranes - Optimizing preparation before commissioning
Grue de chantier - Optimiser la préparation avant la mise en service [in French]
This article addresses regulatory checks that need to be made prior to signing-off the operation of cranes on construction sites. They include in particular checks during erection and verifications that the equipment is suited to its expected use. In cases where the crane encroaches on public land, the enterprise must obtain local authority permission. In all cases, it is essential to consult the manufacturer's documentation and to comply with its requirements. Topics: overhead power cables; taking the effect of wind into account; electronic safety systems; cabins; training and information of crane operators by construction site managers.
Prévention BTP, Apr. 2008, No.106, p.34-35. Illus.

2007

CIS 07-1194
Health and Safety Executive
Technical guidance on the safe use of lifting equipment offshore
This guide is aimed at persons involved in the supply, operation and control of lifting equipment used in the offshore environment. Its purpose is to assist them in the safe operation of this equipment and in complying with legal requirements, in particular with the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER 98, see CIS 99-1428) and the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER 98, see CIS 99-1429). Contents: general considerations on the selection and operation of equipment; types of offshore lifting equipment; equipment for lifting people; drilling equipment; guidance on compliance with LULER and POWER. Revised version of the document indexed under CIS 02-936.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 2007. iii, 56p. Illus. 23 ref. Price: GBP 16.50.

2006

CIS 08-706 Block M.
Health and Safety Executive
Fast rescue craft recovery by installation crane: Phase 2 study
This project is a continuation of a previous study which reviewed the possibility of using existing offshore pedestal type cranes for the launch and recovery of fast rescue craft. The earlier study concentrated mainly on the environmental and operational problems associated with launch and recovery of the craft. One concept studied was the permanent stationing of a fast rescue craft on a fixed offshore installation that could be launched and recovered by the platform cranes for emergency rescue and other forms of installation support. The present study focuses in more detail on the issue of the suitability of existing pedestal cranes on fixed installations to safely launch and recover fast rescue craft.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. viii, 15p.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr447.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-431 Prevention of electrocutions among electricity workers
Prevención de electrocuciones en trabajadores del sector eléctrico [in Spanish]
This article contains recommendations aimed at avoiding electrocutions among crane operators and construction site workers working near overhead electric lines, and explains how to proceed in the event of a contact with an overhead electric cable. It also presents a description of five fatal accidents.
Protección y seguridad, Nov.-Dec. 2006, Vol.52, No.310, p.26-33. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 07-711 Preventing worker injuries and deaths from mobile crane tip-over, boom collapse and uncontrolled hoisted loads
This booklet provides recommendations for preventing mobile crane accidents. Contents: description of mobile cranes; critical lift situations requiring special precautions; injury data; current standards; case reports of accidents investigated by NIOSH; recommendations for employers, crane operators, ground workers and crane rental companies. These recommendations are also summarized on a detachable sheet for display on a notice board. An appendix includes standard crane hoisting hand signals.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-2001, USA, Sep. 2006. 23p. Illus. 25 ref.
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2006-142/pdfs/2006-142.pdf [in English]

CIS 07-453 Finiel J.
Ten-metre fall of a mobile crane
Chute de dix mètres d'une grue mobile [in French]
This accident information note describes the fall of a mobile crane during repair work on the supporting wall of a mountain road, analyses the causes and outlines measures that could have avoided this accident.
Prévention BTP, Sep. 2006, No.88, p.35-36. Illus.
http://www.oppbtp.fr/publications/prevention_btp/sep-2006/fiche_accident.pdf [in French]

CIS 07-212 Laine P.
Tower cranes
Les grues à tour [in French]
Tower cranes consist of work equipment used on construction sites for transporting loads. They are not designed to transport persons. This practical safety information sheet on tower cranes covers the following aspects, with reference to French laws and regulations: design rules; rules for calculating resistance to wind; rules governing operations (inspection, maintenance, layout, operator training).
Travail et sécurité, May 2006, No.662, 4p.Insert. Illus. 6 ref.
http://www.inrs.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_search_view/21C2AD39548A9E89C125716C00455C41/$File/ed128.pdf [in French]

CIS 06-1467 NIOSH Alert - Preventing worker injuries and deaths from mobile crane tip-over, boom collapse and uncontrolled hoisted loads
This safety guide describes different types of mobile cranes and their uses and makes recommendations for employers, workers and crane rental companies for minimizing the risk of injury and death to those who work on or near mobile cranes. It identifies hoisting operations that require special considerations to ensure safety, so-called critical lifts, and outlines the provisions of current standards and regulations.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, Sep. 2006. 22p. Illus. 25 ref.
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2006-142/pdfs/2006-142.pdf [in English]

CIS 06-1221 Tamborero del Pino J.M., Monje Melero J.M.
Tower cranes: Safety recommendations for their manipulation
Grúas-torre. Recomendaciones de seguridad en su manipulación [in Spanish]
This information note describes the principal risks and risk factors associated with the use of tower cranes and sets out preventive measures. These include prevention of crane collapse due to poor foundations, material fatigue, strong winds or human error, prevention of falling loads, entrapment of persons, falls of persons, electrical hazards, noise and vibration.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2006. 10p. Illus. 4 ref.
http://www.mtas.es//insht/ntp/ntp_701.htm [in Spanish]

2005

CIS 07-1011 Tower cranes
Grues à tour [in French]
This practical safety guide is aimed at operators of tower cranes, maintenance workers and supervisory staff. Contents: overview of existing regulations and standards; description of tower cranes; safety tips for the crane operator before the shift, while working and when finishing work; advice on crane maintenance; crane transport. Replaces CIS 99-79.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 2nd ed., Apr. 2005. 68p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: EUR 7.30. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_catalog_view_view/E913B30E03403AACC125702A00310861/$FILE/ed813.pdf [in French]

CIS 06-706 Richard A.M.
Rapid-assembly cranes: An ideal solution for urban construction sites
Grues à montage rapide: une solution idéale pour les chantiers urbains [in French]
Rapid-assembly cranes are particularly suited to small construction sites. This article identifies the hazards associated with their erection and use and outlines preventive measures, highlighting the importance of training and equipment maintenance.
Prévention BTP, Oct. 2005, No.78, p.28-29. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 06-700 Muñoz Solano M.J.
Safety aspects of mobile cranes
Aspectos de seguridad en grúas móviles autopropulsadas [in Spanish]
Mobile cranes are used for increasingly complex and heavy-duty tasks, and their design is constantly evolving with advances in technology. It is therefore necessary to define safety measures and criteria for the maintenance, inspection and use of these cranes, together with the minimum operator qualifications. This article reviews the various safety aspects related to mobile cranes. Contents: definition of mobile cranes and their component parts; planning of work; reception and erection of cranes on construction sites; work near overhead electric lines; crane stabilization; safety precautions to be adopted during lifting and unloading; crane dismantling; work with buckets or cradles; crane movements while carrying loads; work involving several cranes; balancing of loads.
Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 2005, Vol.25, No.99, p.3-13. Illus. 29 ref.
http://www.mapfre.com/fundaciones/es/FundacionMapfre/publicaciones/pdf/Seguridad_MapfreSeguridad_n99_art1.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 05-714 Trilhe P.
Operators of vertical lifting gear (cranes, overhead travelling cranes)
Conducteur d'engins de levage à déplacement vertical (grues, ponts roulants) [in French]
This information sheet describes the type of work performed by operators of vertical lifting gear on a building site or dock or in a warehouse or workshop. Potential hazards are identified and preventive measures are outlined. Relevant legislation and standards are also listed.
Bossons Futé, 17 Av. Miss Cavell, 94100 Saint-Maur, France, Nov. 2005. 5p. 10 ref.
http://www.bossons-fute.com/Fiches/fiche0031.php?type= [in French]

2004

CIS 05-449 Prevention of the risk of collapse of tower cranes due to wind
Prévention du risque de renversement des grues à tour sous l'effet du vent [in French]
This recommendation is aimed at owners of construction enterprises whose workers operate tower cranes. Contents: scope; objective of the recommendation; prevention principles; notices and instructions provided by the manufacturer; prevention measures. Appendices include: influence of the weights and surface distribution of loads on crane stability; effects of sites on wind flux; regulations; how to consult weather forecasts; determination of wind speed to ensure crane stability.
Travail et sécurité, Nov. 2004, No.645, vol. II, 11p. Illus.
http://www.risquesprofessionnels.ameli.fr/atmp_media/R406.pdf [in French]

2003

CIS 07-1013 Loading cranes
Grues de chargement [in French]
This safety guide contains practical information for operators and maintenance workers of loading cranes. Contents: basic safety information and regulations applicable in France; description of loading cranes; understanding the equipment; conducting proper checks at the start and end of the working day; safe working methods; safety during maintenance procedures. Replaces CIS 01-387.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 4th ed., 2001 (reprinted 2003). 80p. Illus. Price: EUR 7.30. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.inrs.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_search_view/DFB002E9A61A34B5C1256CD900503A9A/$File/ed676.pdf [in French]

CIS 03-1903 Guide for inspection and maintenance of cranes in shipyards
This guide provides guidelines for crane operators, lifting supervisors and crane maintenance personnel in shipyards for the purpose of ensuring safe working conditions while working with cranes, through inspection and enhancing the life span of cranes through planned maintenance. Contents: definitions; relevant regulations; different types of cranes; inspection programme (daily inspection for the different types of cranes, inspection by an approved person); maintenance programme (frequency of maintenance, monthly maintenance for different types of cranes, crane load test). In appendices: extracts from relevant regulations, sample forms of maintenance service reports for different types of cranes.
Association of Singapore Marine Industries (ASMI), Singapore, Republic of Singapore, 2003. 22p.

2002

CIS 03-914 Specification for design, safe use and maintenance of overhead travelling cranes
This standard which applies to all types of overhead travelling cranes specifies the basic requirements and responsibilities of all parties concerned. Contents: scope; definitions; applicable legislation; responsibilities; classifications of cranes; loads and load combinations; design of crane structures; crane mechanisms; electrical equipment and controls; manufacture and construction; safe operations of cranes; inspection and testing. Appendices include: application of the allowable stress and limit state methods of design; guidance on the classification of overhead travelling cranes and their mechanisms in relation to usage; information to be provided when ordering an overhead travelling crane; selection of wire ropes.
Singapore Productivity and Standards Board, 1 Science Park Drive, Singapore 118221, Republic of Singapore, 2002. 65p. Illus. Price: SGD 60.00.

CIS 03-427 Code or practice for tower crane safety
Crane operations are among the most dangerous activities in the construction industry. Serious accidents have occurred due to lack of knowledge of safety requirements. This code of practice was developed to serve as a guide for crane operators, project engineers and safety officers for ensuring the safe operation of tower cranes at construction sites. Contents: general provisions; duties and responsibilities; tower crane selection and equipment requirements; operating procedures and precautions; erection, climbing, telescoping, dismantling and transport; inspection, testing and maintenance. In the appendix: hand signals.
Department of Labor and Employment, Occupational Safety and Health Center, OSHC Building, North Avenue corner Agham Road, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines, 2002. 58p. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 03-417 Carretero Romera J.A.
Legislation on tower cranes
Legislación sobre grúas torre [in Spanish]
This article reviews current Spanish legislation applicable to tower cranes. Cranes have a relatively long useful life, and may have been manufactured more than 10 years earlier, in compliance with legislation applicable at that time, and may have since been subject to repairs and modifications. Legislation and the corresponding application regulations require following a comprehensive list of periodical revisions, inspections and controls depending on the date of manufacture, modifications made and the type of use. The various applicable laws, technical regulations and standards are discussed.
Seguridad en el trabajo - Prevención de riesgos laborales, Nov. 2002, No.0, p.6-9. Illus.

2000

CIS 03-1904 Code of practice for the safe use of mobile cranes
This code of practice provides information about the construction, application, operation, maintenance and testing of mobile cranes for their safe use. It covers fully-mobile and semi-mobile land-based cranes except for lorry loaders, while excluding equipment used for specialized operations or operations which cannot be strictly speaking considered to constitute lifting, such as those using equipment used in demolition, piling and grabbing.
Singapore Productivity and Standards Board, 1 Science Park Drive, Singapore 118221, Republic of Singapore, 2000. 67p. Illus. Price: SGD 60.00.

CIS 01-1382 Mobile cranes
Grues mobiles [in French]
This booklet is primarily aimed at operators of mobile cranes and persons responsible for their maintenance, with certain parts addressed more particularly to managers and supervisors. Contents include: general information on mobile cranes including regulations; types of mobile cranes (self-propelled cranes and truck mounted cranes); what needs to be done before starting up, on starting and during operation (how to lift a load, work on sloping ground, work with two cranes, etc.); special hazards (electrical hazards, demolition work, malfunction of the crane on the worksite); safe behaviour; equipment and accessories; moving and transporting mobile cranes; what needs to be done at the end of the working day; maintenance.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 3rd ed., Aug. 2000. 91p. Illus.

CIS 01-387 Loading cranes
Grues de chargement [in French]
Illustrated safety guide aimed at operators and maintenance workers of loading cranes. Contents include: general information and regulations applicable to France; description of loading cranes; understanding the equipment; conducting proper checks at the start and end of the working day; safe working methods; maintenance. Replaces CIS 98-1486.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 3rd ed., May 2000. 78p. Illus.

1999

CIS 01-654 Ordinance of 27 Sep. 1999 concerning the safe use of cranes [Switzerland]
Verordnung über die sichere Verwendung von Kranen (Kranverordnung) [in German]
Ordonnance du 27 sept. 1999 sur les conditions de sécurité régissant l'utilisation des grues (Ordonnance sur les grues) [Suisse] [in French]
This Ordinance (effective: 1 Jan. 2000) defines the term "crane", and provides instructions on how to use cranes safely. Provisions are also made for the training and licensing of crane operators, and for the regular inspection of cranes by employers. The 1951 ordonnance on the same subject (CIS 92-1080) is repealed.
Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 25 Jan. 2000, No.3, p.166-173.
http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/as/2000/166.pdf [in French]
http://www.admin.ch/ch/d/as/2000/166.pdf [in German]

CIS 01-554 Sinay J., Badida M.
Quantification of the risks involved in crane operations
Quantifizierung der Risiken beim Kranbetrieb [in German]
A procedure for identifying and quantifying the hazards involved in crane operations, tested in a steel plant, is presented. Information on working conditions is obtained from crane operators and other workers. Hazards are identified according to the EN 292 and EN 1050 standards. Scales are used to quantify the hazards posed by the crane itself and by the surrounding factors such as the illumination, the design of the operator's cabin with or without air conditioning system, the ease of safe manipulation, and the qualification of the crane operator. The total risk is calculated from the scaled ratings given to each hazard. Checklists and the scales for assessing each hazard as well as the results obtained for an overhead travelling crane are presented.
Fördern und Heben, Apr. 1999, Vol.49, No.4, p.273-276. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 00-437 Suruda A., Liu D., Egger M., Lillquist D.
Fatal injuries in the United States construction industry involving cranes 1984-1994
Fatal injuries involving cranes were reviewed using records from OSHA investigations from 1984 to 1994. 502 deaths in 479 incidents involving cranes in the construction industry were identified. Electrocution was the largest category, with 198 deaths (39%) reported. Other major categories were assembly and dismantling (12%), boom buckling (8%), crane upset and overturn (7%), and rigging failure (7%). The majority of the deaths during assembly and dismantling involved removal of the boom pins from lattice boom cranes. Only 34% of the construction firms employing the fatally-injured workers had ever been inspected by OSHA.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1999, Vol.41, No.12, p.1052-1058. 18 ref.

CIS 00-231 Gelé C.
Materials handling: Safer overhead travelling cranes
Manutention: des ponts roulants plus sûrs [in French]
Topics: ageing; approval; comment on standard; cranes; equipment layout; France; inspection; legal aspects; lifting equipment; materials handling; occupational accidents; overhead travelling cranes; preventive maintenance; responsibilities; safety checks; safety engineering.
Travail et sécurité, Apr. 1999, No.583, p.18-23. Illus. 2 ref.

CIS 00-264 Ideura Y., Kawakami T., Sakai K., Itani T.
Time budget of rough terrain crane operators
Rafu teren kurēn operēta no seikatsu jikan chōsa [in Japanese]
Rough terrain crane operators working for a heavy construction hoisting company were surveyed by questionnaire to obtain basic data regarding their needs for safe and comfortable crane operation. Results revealed that nighttime shift operations often resulted in insufficient sleeping periods. Since drowsiness at work can be very dangerous, the lack of sleeping time should be addressed by rotating assigned operators on the nighttime shift. Half of the operators skipped breakfast or had it in the car on the way to work, thus posing the problem of an unbalanced diet. Regarding physical fatigue, stiff shoulders, probably resulting from operating the crane, were commonly reported. This may suggest that the right-side lever requires precise control and should be improved. 12 of the 16 operators surveyed reported mental fatigue due primarily to heavy traffic and working with other workers at the job site.
Journal of Science of Labour - Rōdō Kagaku, Sep. 1999, Vol.75, No.9, p.331-341. Illus. 7 ref.

1998

CIS 00-28 Factories (Operation of Cranes) Regulations 1998 [Singapore]
Regulations (entry into force: 1 Sept. 1998) made pursuant to Chapter 104, relating to health, safety and welfare in factories and other workplaces, of the Factories Act 1995 (CIS 98-1051).
Photocopy, 12p. Illus. On file at CIS.

CIS 99-1675 Rodríguez Roel R.
Survey on lifting equipment and carriage of loads. Analysis of results
Encuesta sobre equipos de elevación y transporte de cargas. Resultados para una reflexión [in Spanish]
This study analyses the results concerning cranes in general and travelling cranes in particular, as well as telescopic hoists and elevation fittings, because they account for an important part of the occupational loss ratio. A statistical study was carried out concerning lifts used as platforms for the elevation of people. These are frequently used for lifting workers by means of cranes and lift trucks which are not an integral part of the equipment. Suggestions are given for companies about the main needs related to the adjustment, acquisition and use of this equipment in order to prevent associated accident risks. Topics: approval; comment on law; comment on standard; cranes; evaluation of equipment; legal aspects; lifting equipment; materials handling; mobile cranes; Spain.
Mapfre seguridad, 4th Quarter 1998, Vol.18, No.72, p.3-9. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 99-728 Ordinance No.3 of 25 Feb. 1998 of the Ministry of Labour amending safety regulations on cranes and the industrial safety and health regulation [Japan]
Kurēn ra anzen kisoku oyobi rōdō anzen eisei kisoku no ichibu o kaisei suru shōrei [in Japanese]
This ordinance (entry into force 31 Mar.1998) amends Ordinance No.34 of 1972 concerning safety on cranes (English translation analysed under CIS 97-1088) and Ordinance No.32 of 1972 concerning safety and health at work (English translation of the law as amended to 1989 analysed under CIS 92-356). Topics: cranes; Japan; law; mobile cranes; responsibilities; safety engineering.
Kampō Gōgai, 25 Feb. 1998, Vol.1/2, No. 34, p.5-9.

CIS 99-977 Legris M., Poulin P.
Noise exposure profile among heavy equipment operators, associated laborers, and crane operators
In a survey of construction sites in Quebec, Canada, the average daily noise exposure was 84 to 99dBA for heavy equipment operators, 90dBA for labourers and 74 to 97dBA for crane operators. The main sources of noise to which heavy equipment operators are exposed are vehicle engines and the muffler exhaust system, usually located near the operator. The presence of insulated cabs such as those found on power shovels, backhoes and wheel loaders and graders helps to reduce noise exposure. The noise exposure of labourers is determined by the type of task, the manual equipment used and noise from surrounding heavy equipment. In the case of crane operators, an insulated cab significantly reduces exposure to engine noise. Topics: construction equipment; construction industry; cranes; earthmoving equipment; exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; noise level measurement; noise level; sound isolation.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1998, Vol.59, No.11, p.774-778. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 99-79 Tower cranes - Safety guide for operators and maintenance personnel
Grues à tour - Manuel de sécurité à l'usage des conducteurs et du personnel d'entretien [in French]
Topics: building industry; construction sites; France; handling by crane; legislation; periodical checks; preventive maintenance; safe working methods; safety devices; safety guides; tower cranes; training material.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris cedex 14, France, Feb. 1998. 70p. Illus. 8 ref.

1997

CIS 01-651 Order of 12 May 1997 concerning the limitation of noise emitted by tower cranes [France]
Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores des grues à tour [France] [in French]
This Order introduces into French legislation the provisions of Directive No.84/534/EEC (see CIS 95-1196), as modified by Directive No.87/405/EEC (see CIS 87-1171). In annex: method for the measurement of airborne noise emitted by tower cranes, in light of the requirements of EEC type certificates and conformity tests.
Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, No.127, p.8960-8963.

CIS 98-544 Overhead travelling cranes - Safety manual for supervisors, operators and maintenance workers
Ponts roulants - Manuel de sécurité à l'usage de la maîtrise, des pontiers et du personnel d'entretien [in French]
Topics: comment on standard; cranes; France; legislation; overhead travelling cranes; preventive maintenance; safe working methods; safety checks; safety engineering; safety guides; training manuals; training material.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1997. 80p. Illus.

CIS 97-1838 Mobile boom cranes - A practical guide
Grues mobiles à flèche relevable - Guide pratique [in French]
This training guide is aimed at trainers to enable them to integrate safety considerations into their instruction, at building contractors involved with on-site installation of mobile cranes and at engineering firms. Contents: technology of mobile boom cranes; lifting operations; main risks; preventive measures.
OPPBTP Comité national, Tour Amboise, 204 rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1997. 55p. Illus.

1996

CIS 99-971 Imbeau D., Paques J.J., Bergeron S., Bourbonnière R.
Comparison of two methods for judging distances near overhead power lines
Topics: mobile cranes; overhead electric lines; safe distances; subjective assessment.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.196-211. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 99-837 Tosal Suárez J.M., Espeso Santiago J.A., Fernández Urgellés J.R., Fernández Zapico F.
Gantry cranes: Status
Puentes grúa: informe de situación [in Spanish]
Topics: cranes; metalworking industry; portal cranes; preventive maintenance; safety checks; Spain; statistical evaluation.
Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.116, p.20-24. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 99-73 Overhead cranes: Safe operation
Topics: communications; overhead travelling cranes; safe working methods; safety checks; training material; USA; videotape.
Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 18min). Price: USD 410.00, employee's guide USD 3.50.

CIS 98-1486 Loading cranes
Grues de chargement [in French]
Replaces CIS 88-1718. Topics: comment on law; equipment testing; France; hand signalling; loading and unloading; mobile cranes; preventive maintenance; safe working methods; safety checks; safety guides; training material; truck-mounted cranes.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30, rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris cedex 14, France, 2nd ed., Dec. 1996. 79p. Illus.

CIS 97-1088 Japanese legislation for cranes and mobile cranes
Translation of the Safety Ordinance on Cranes, etc. (Ministry of Labour Ordinance No.34, 1972 with subsequent amendments), the Construction Codes for Cranes (Ministry of Labour Notification No.134 of 1996) and the Construction Codes for Mobile Cranes (Ministry of Labour Notification No.135 of 1996). The Ordinance applies to both manufacturers and users, and covers fixed and mobile cranes, derricks, elevators, lifts for construction work, light capacity lifts, sling operations, licensing and training. (Definitions of the types of equipment are found in the Industrial Safety and Health Law (Cabinet Order No.318 of 1972)). Certain types of equipment are excluded on the basis of capacity or coverage by other regulations. The Construction Codes cover structural parts, mechanical parts, attached devices (such as the operator's cab), manufacturing practices, wire ropes and nameplate information. Specific provision is made for special types of equipment.
Japan Crane Association, Gotanda Fuji building, 1-12 Higashi Gotanda, 1-chome, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan, 1996. 158p. Illus.

CIS 97-81 Safety guides - Construction site machinery - Mobile cranes
Manuels de sécurité - Engins de chantier - Grues mobiles [in French]
Safety guide to mobile cranes, primarily aimed at drivers and maintenance workers. Main subjects covered: administrative procedures and requirements and French legislation applicable to these machines; technical characteristics of mobile cranes; precautions before starting up, when moving off and during driving; advice on how to avoid electricity, demolition work and breakdown dangers; advice on personal behaviour; precautions about mobile cranes equipment; safety rules for use and road transport of mobile cranes; measures to be taken at the end of the working day; machinery maintenance.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 2nd ed., 1996. 87p. Illus.

1995

CIS 98-929 Truck-mounted mobile cranes
Grues mobiles montées sur camion [in French]
Topics: Canada; data sheet; fasteners; mobile cranes.
Professional and Specialized Services, Ministry of Labour, Ontario, Canada, June 1995. 1p.

CIS 96-1475 Oser J., Kartnig G.
Wire ropes: Experience gained from a damage claim
Drahtseile: Erfahrungen aus einem Schadensfall [in German]
The wire rope of a telescopic jib crane ruptured after it had been in use for only 2 months. A force of only 4kN acted on the rope at the time of rupture. Strength tests were performed and the guiding tracks of the wire rope were inspected to determine the cause. An untwining of the outer strands of the wire rope with all weight being borne by the inner strands is thought likely to have caused the sudden and premature rupture.
Fördern und Heben, Sep. 1995, Vol.45, No.9, p.647-649. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 95-2224 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing electrocutions of crane operators and crew members working near overhead power lines
This NIOSH Alert describes five incidents in which crane operators were electrocuted following contact of the crane with overhead power lines. Current regulations for the prevention of such incidents are outlined (de-energizing power lines, use of insulated barriers, maintaining a minimum clearance between power lines and the crane). Recommendations for employers include: compliance with current regulations; notification of power line owners; evaluation of jobsites; use of work methods not requiring cranes; worker training.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, May 1995. 10p. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 95-1877 Approved code of practice for cranes and lifting appliances
Contents of this code of practice: legal requirements under the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992; precautions during the use of mobile cranes, tower cranes, crane-lifted work platforms, lifting appliances, helicopters on construction work, slings and ropes and during load-lifting and demolition ball operations. In appendix: hand signals for cranes, lifting operations and helicopters; accepted standards for lifting gear. Replaces CIS 88-996.
Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, PO Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, June 1995. 38p. Illus. 7 ref. Price: NZD 10.00.

1994

CIS 95-405 Ordinance No.20 of the Ministry of Labour [Japan]
Rōdō-shōrei dai-nijū-gō [in Japanese]
This Ordinance, made under the Industrial Safety and Health Law of Japan (CIS 92-352), makes it compulsory to report incidents involving wire breakage and crane collapse to the authorities.
Kampō, 30 Mar. 1994, No.58, p.27-34.

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