Psychology of work organization - 534 entradas encontradas
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- Psychology of work organization
2007
CIS 09-248
Svensen E., Arnetz B.B., Ursin H., Eriksen H.R.
Health complaints and satisfied with the job? A cross-sectional study on work environment, job satisfaction, and subjective health complaints
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the prevalence of subjective health complaints (SHCs) among satisfied and dissatisfied workers. The second aim was to evaluate whether any SHC differences were attributable directly to the work environment or mediated by the perception of the environment (satisfactory or not). Work environment, job satisfaction and SHC were evaluated in 458 employees (56% women) of five enterprises and administrations in Norway. Satisfied workers reported an average of five to six subjective health complaints, whose prevalences corresponded to those of Norwegian general population. It is concluded that SHCs are common among satisfied workers, and work environment has only a limited influence on this state of health indicator.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2007, Vol.49, No.5, p.568-573. 43 ref.
CIS 08-1496
Health and Safety Executive
Testing the effectiveness of the streamlined national well being programme at managing work-related stress in schools
The HSE have identified six main factors of work organization that, if not properly managed, are associated with poor health and wellbeing: demands, control, support, relationships, role and change. HSE's Management Standards for Work-Related Stress represent a set of conditions that reflect high levels of health, wellbeing and organisational performance in each of these areas. Following these standards helps employers to identify the gap between their current performance and these conditions, and to develop their own solutions to close this gap. This study evaluated the effectiveness of these standards in managing work-related stress in schools. It involved collecting data from participating local authorities and schools. Findings are discussed.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2007. x, 81p. Illus.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr588.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-1499
Poxon B., Coupar W., Findlay J., Luckhurst D., Stevens R., Webster J. Health and Safety Executive
Using soft people skills to improve worker involvement in health and safety
The involvement of workers is central to the achievement of improved enterprise performance across many dimensions, including that of effective safety and health management. Many organizations claim that worker involvement in their decision-making and management has resulted in quantifiable benefits, such as improved change management, more responsive customer service provision, better dispute resolution, reduced labour turnover, and reduced sickness absence and accident rate. The objective of this study was to investigate organizational cultures which create the capacity for effective employee involvement in safety and health. It involved studying ten organizations with widely differing organizational cultures. It was concluded that the most decisive factor in this process was the creation, support and sustenance of a dialogue culture within the organizations.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2007. iv, 33p. Illus.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr580.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-1391
Ramos A., Silva Filho J.F., Jardim S.R.
Sociodemographic data and working conditions of painters exposed to solvents at a public university in Rio de Janeiro
Dados sociodemográficos e condições de trabalho de pintores expostos a solventes em uma universidade pública da cidade do Rio de Janeiro [en portugués]
This cross-sectional study presents the socio-demographic profile and working conditions of painters exposed to solvents. Data on demographic factors and working conditions were collected from 55 painters employed by a public university in Rio de Janeiro by means of interviews. It was found that 58.2% of the painters reported never wearing individual protection equipment; 52.73% were unaware of the internal occupational accident prevention committee; 92.73% performed some kind of repetitive movement; 60% had another source of income (mostly as freelancers); 87.3% rated relationships at work as being good and 45.45% had already worked as painters before being hired by their present employers. Other findings are discussed.
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, July-Dec. 2007, Vol.32, No.116, p.38-49. Illus. 60 ref.
http://www.fundacentro.gov.br/rbso/BancoAnexos/RBSO%20116%20Dados%20sóciodemograficos.pdf [en portugués]
CIS 08-1474
Oliveira F.
The persistence of the notion of the unsafe act and the construction of blame: narratives on work accidents in a metalworking plant
A persistência da noção de ato inseguro e a construção da culpa: os discursos sobre os acidentes de trabalho em uma indústria metalúrgica [en portugués]
Various conceptions based on personal or psychological factors have been developed to explain occupational accidents. This study was an attempt to investigate these conceptions in the workers' discursive practices. It was based on observations, informal conversations, document evaluations and interviews with twenty workers in a metalworking shop. A pervasive presence of Heinrich's domino theory was observed in the patterns of understanding occupational accidents. Unsafe acts are mainly explained by naturalization of risks and by institutionalized transmission practices. Other findings are discussed.
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, Jan.-June 2007, Vol.32, No.115, p.19-27. 21 ref.
http://www.fundacentro.gov.br/rbso/BancoAnexos/RBSO%20115%20Persistencia%20da%20noção%20de%20ato%20inseguro.pdf [en portugués]
CIS 08-1498
Lansdown T.C., Deighan C, Brotherton C. Health and Safety Executive
Health and safety in the small to medium-sized enterprise: Psychosocial opportunities for intervention
The aim of this project was to identify psychosocial factors which are effective in the maintenance and improvement of safety and health in small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It involved a literature review, a questionnaire survey and phone interviews with stakeholders. Data were subjected to statistical evaluation. Overall, SMEs showed a low level of safety and health activity. Important psychosocial factors were found to be the level of available resources, relationships with suppliers and decision-making latitude by junior and middle-level staff. Other findings are discussed.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2007. viii, 67p. Illus. 61 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr578.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-1225
Wang P.C., Rempel D.M., Harrison R.J., Chan J., Ritz B.R.
Work-organisational and personal factors associated with upper body musculoskeletal disorders among sewing machine operators
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between occupational and personal factors and the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among garment workers in Los Angeles. It involved 520 sewing machine operators from 13 garment industry sewing shops. Detailed information on organizational factors, personal factors and musculoskeletal symptoms were obtained in interviews. Data were analysed using unconditional logistic regression models. The prevalences of moderate or severe musculoskeletal pain in the neck/shoulder region the distal upper extremity were 24% and 16% respectively. Risk factors included an age of less than 30 years, female gender, Hispanic ethnicity, being single, working more than 10 years as a sewing machine operator, working in large shops, higher work-rest ratios, high physical exertion, high physical isometric loads, high job demand and low job satisfaction.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 2007, Vol.64, No.12, p.806-813. Illus. 37 ref.
CIS 08-1243
Nakao M., Nishikitani M., Shima S., Yano E.
A 2-year cohort study on the impact of an employee assistance program (EAP) on depression and suicidal thoughts in male Japanese workers
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of an Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) on depression and suicide-related behaviours in the workplace. It involved 283 male Japanese employees aged 22-38 years at a Japanese information technology company introducing an EAP. Controls consisted of 22 men working at an affiliated company without the EAP. All participants completed the Hamilton Depression Scale questionnaire (HAM-D) and Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) before the EAP was introduced and two years after its introduction. In the EAP group, the total HAM-D scores significantly decreased after the two-year study period, while no significant changes were observed in the reference group. The JCQ scores were not significantly different between the baseline and after the two-year study period in both groups. EAPs may be a promising strategy for maintaining the good mental health of workers.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 2007, Vol.81, No.2, p.151-157. 30 ref.
CIS 08-1238
Hayasaka Y., Nakamura K., Yamamoto M., Sasaki S.
Work environment and mental health status assessed by the general health questionnaire in female Japanese doctors
This study aimed to determine factors in the work environment influencing mental health status among female doctors in Japan. An anonymous survey questionnaire was mailed to 587 female doctors, and 367 (62.5%) responded. The survey included questions on their age and marital status, together with work-related information on their speciality, affiliated medical facility, position, type of employment, work schedule and night duty. The thirty-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30) was used to examine psychological distress. A total of 169 (46.1%) subjects met criteria for having psychological distress. Bivariate analysis showed that age, marital status, medical facility, position, working time and working at night were associated with the GHQ-30 score. Other findings are discussed.
Industrial Health, Dec. 2007, Vol.45, No.6, p.781-786. Illus. 29 ref.
CIS 08-995
Brun E., Milczarek M.
Expert forecast on emerging psychosocial risks related to occupational safety and health
Significant changes which are taking place in the world of work lead to emerging psychosocial risks. Such risks, which are linked to the way work is designed, organized and managed, as well as to the economic and social context of work, result in an increased level of stress and can lead to serious deterioration of mental and physical health. In 2005, more than 20% of workers from the EU believed that their health is at risk because of work-related stress. This report presents the findings of an expert group on emerging psychosocial risks, supplemented by an analysis of the scientific research on key topics identified by the experts. A summary of the report is also available as a factsheet (CIS 08-250).
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, Gran Vía 33, 48009 Bilbao, Spain, 2007.127p. Illus. 277 ref.
http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/7807118 [en inglés]
CIS 08-988
Violence, harassment and discrimination in the workplace
Ch. 4 in the Fourth European Working
Conditions Survey. It identified the extent of the violence and harassment across Europe in 2005. Around 5% of workers reported having experienced violence, bullying or harassment at work. In 2002, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions conducted a comparative analysis to map the patterns and trends of harassment and violence at work in the European Union and to clarify the concepts involved. This report analyses how the concepts of violence, harassment and bullying have evolved with regard to the working environment and identifies some of the differences in cultural perspectives regarding these issues. It also surveys the variety of legislative and non-legislative measures that have emerged to combat the problem at national and EU level, as well as positive examples of preventative good practice.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Wyattville Road, Loughingstown, Dublin 18, Ireland, 2007. viii, 134p. (This chapter: p.35-40). Illus.
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/pubdocs/2006/98/en/2/ef0698en.pdf [en inglés]
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/docs/ewco/4EWCS/ef0698/chapter4.pdf ((Ch.4)) [en inglés]
CIS 08-733
Bauer J., Unterbrink T., Hack A., Pfeifer R., Buhl-Grießhaber V., Müller U., Wesche H., Frommhold M., Seibt R., Scheuch K., Wirsching M.
Working conditions, adverse events and mental health problems in a sample of 949 German teachers
The aim of this study was to explore the workload of teachers, to analyse the extent of negative or threatening school-related events teachers are confronted with and to evaluate mental health strain. A sample of 949 German teachers in 10 high schools and 79 middle schools was investigated applying a questionnaire covering different aspects of the occupational burden and threatening events, and the general health questionnaire (GHQ-12). More than 42% had faced verbal insults, almost 7% deliberate damage to personal property and 4.4% threats of violence by pupils during the past 12 months. When applying the GHQ-12, 29.8% reported significant mental health problems. Teachers in middle schools indicated more of such problems than those of high schools. Other findings are discussed.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr. 2007, Vol.80, No.5, p.442-449. 37 ref.
CIS 08-732
Unterbrink T., Hack A., Pfeifer R., Buhl-Grießhaber V., Müller U., Wesche H., Frommhold M., Scheuch K., Seibt R., Wirsching M., Bauer J.
Burnout and effort-reward imbalance in a sample of 949 German teachers
The aim of this study was to explore teacher burnout and the relationship between their efforts and their rewards. A sample of 949 German teachers in 10 high schools and 79 middle schools was investigated applying the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-D) and the Effort Reward Imbalance Inventory (ERI). Compared with studies investigating burnout in other occupations, high rates of symptoms such as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment were found. Male teachers showed significantly lower personal accomplishment and more depersonalization than female teachers. Other findings are discussed.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr. 2007, Vol.80, No.5, p.433-441. 42 ref.
CIS 08-749
Houtman I., Jettinghoff K., Cedillo L.
Raising awareness of stress at work in developing countries
In developing countries, the focus of occupational safety and health initiatives has until now essentially been on chemical, biological and physical exposures, while the psychosocial risks at work are still largely neglected. This booklet aims at raising awareness among employers and worker representatives of work-related stress in developing countries. Topics addressed: effects of globalization and the changing nature of work; definition of work-related stress; step-by-step approach to managing work-related stress; role of employers' and workers' representatives.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service,1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2007. 44p. Illus. 42 ref.
http://www.who.int/entity/occupational_health/publications/raisingawarenessofstress.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-743
Pantry S.
Managing stress and conflict in libraries
Tackling conflict and stress effectively is a legal responsibility for management. This book defines what constitutes a healthy and safe library working environment. It describes the reporting procedures leading to conflict resolution, enabling both the employee and the manager to decide whether or not there is a case for making a risk assessment that may lead to formal mediation. Topics addressed: current safety and health concerns; risk assessment procedure; the business case; taking action to solve interpersonal conflict; communication skills and training; support to be expected from the organization. Also included are case studies, a glossary of health and safety terms, and sources of further information, including relevant United Kingdom legislation.
Facet Publishing, 7 Ridgemount Street, London WC1E 7AE, United Kingdom, 2007. vii, 140p. 129 ref. Index. Price: GBP 29.95.
CIS 08-738
Cox T., Karanika M., Griffiths A., Houdmont J.
Evaluating organizational-level work stress interventions: Beyond traditional methods
This literature survey considers some of the philosophical and methodological issues in relation to enterprise-level interventions for work-related stress. Starting from the complex and continually changing realities of work organization, the authors argue in favour of a more broadly conceived framework for evaluation that acknowledges the limitations of traditional approaches. The study concludes by offering an outline framework for this broader approach to the evaluation of interventions.
Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 2007, Vol.21, No.4, p.348-362. 60 ref.
CIS 08-737
Sun J., Wang S., Zhang J.Q., Li W.
Assessing the cumulative effects of stress: The association between job stress and allostatic load in a large sample of Chinese employees
Allostatic load (AL) is an index that is derived from a set of biological measures for assessing chronic stress. In this study, a 13-parameter index was used to examine the relationship between job strain and AL. Participants were 1219 healthy Chinese employees. Job strain was measured using the Job Content Questionnaire, and AL was assessed by various stress responses, including blood pressure, cholesterol, indicators of glucose metabolism, and hormone and inflammation markers. AL in the high job strain group differed sharply from that in the low job strain group. AL was positively associated with age and educational level. Analyses indicated that decision latitude and job demands were significantly related to AL. Other findings are discussed.
Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 2007, Vol.21, No.4, p.333-347. Illus. 53 ref.
CIS 08-736
Behrendt S.U.
"Your stress manager" - An interactive medium for better handling of personal stress
"Ihr Stressmanager" - Ein interactives Medium zum besseren Umgang mit persönlichem Stress [en alemán]
Within the European Union, 28% of workers claim to suffer from stress-related health problems and a United Kingdom study has shown that 54% of absenteeism is due to stress-related impairment. This article describes an interactive DVD on stress management aimed at enterprises, which can be used on a single PC or installed for multi-user access through the enterprise Intranet. It consists of several modules: definition of stress; stress inventory; relaxation techniques; problem-solving methods; time management; hobbies, pleasurable pastimes, sports and nutrition; stress management objectives and action plan; quality control; addresses and contacts. This concept aims to achieve stress prevention by acting at three levels: primary (preserving mental health); secondary (early recognition of problems and effective intervention); tertiary (improving health and well-being after an illness or rehabilitation measures).
Kompass, Sep.-Oct. 2007, Vol.117, No.9/10, p.4-9. Illus.
CIS 08-750
Chouanière D., Langevin V., Guibert A.
Occupational stress - Steps of a prevention approach
Stress au travail - Les étapes d'une démarche de prévention [en francés]
This guide on stress in occupational settings is aimed at all persons responsible for occupational safety and health within the enterprise. It proposes a six-step prevention approach: pre-diagnosis; putting together a project team; comprehensive diagnosis; communication of the findings; developing and implementing an action plan; follow-up. For each of the steps, it includes examples and comments from users.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, July 2007. 31p. Illus. Price: EUR 6.50. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_catalog_view_view/20A95EE4C784D534C125732300436E60/$FILE/ed6011.pdf [en francés]
CIS 08-745
Lehto A.M, Pärnänen A. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
Violence, bullying and harassment in the workplace
Incidence rates of physical violence, bullying and sexual harassment have increased, according to the European Working Conditions Survey and national surveys. This study examines the manner in which these issues have been studied in the national surveys of seven European countries. It is difficult to say how much of the increase is due to raised awareness, but the heightened levels of experience reported must be regarded as real. It also became apparent in the study that physical violence, bullying and sexual harassment are very different and cannot be regarded in the same way. This means that the preventive measures implemented at the workplace must be tailored to fit each problem.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Wyattville Road, Loughingstown, Dublin 18, Ireland, 2007. 21p. Illus. 17 ref.
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/ewco/reports/TN0406TR01/TN0406TR01.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-734
Hughes E.L., Parkes K.R.
Work hours and well-being: The roles of work-time control and work-family interference
This study examined the relationship between work hours and well-being. Questionnaire data from 292 female employees in two United Kingdom public sector organizations were analysed. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that, after controlling for demographic variables, neuroticism and job demands, work-family interference mediated the effect of work hours on family satisfaction. It was also found that work-time control moderated the relationship between work hours and work-family interference. These findings show that longer work hours are not necessarily associated with higher work-family interference, and hence with poor recovery and impaired well-being. Instead, having a degree of control over work hours moderates the first causal link in this process. Thus, the provision by employers of some flexibility and control over work hours may help to reduce the potential negative impact of long work hours on employees.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 2007, Vol.21, No.3, p.264-278. Illus. 49 ref.
CIS 08-499
Brun J.P., Biron C., Ivers H.
Strategic approach to the prevention of occupational mental health problems
Démarche stratégique de prévention des problèmes de santé mentale au travail [en francés]
The growing number of injuries related to stress, burnout or other psychological factors result from the rapid increase in occupational mental health problems in the last few years. However, most organizations lack a strategic risk prevention tool to address this important issue. This report presents the results of a research project involving the evaluation of organizational interventions for the prevention of work-related stress, for the purpose of developing a diagnostic tool for use by enterprises. Data were collected by means of questionnaires, interviews and observations in three organizations: an educational institution, a hospital and a forestry enterprise.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2007. viii, 65p. Illus. 72 ref. Price: CAD 8.48. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/R-514.pdf [en francés]
CIS 08-495
Bayeux-Dunglas M.C., Ganem Y., Lafon D., Siano B., Bijaoui A., Krivochiev M., Peltre-Fleuriet B.
Stress at work, a reality - What kind of prevention, which participants and what tools?
Le stress au travail, une réalité - Quelle prévention, quels acteurs et quels outils? [en francés]
Report on a conference on the prevention of occupational stress held in Nancy, France, 1-2 February 2007. The many papers presented described and illustrated the approaches, the participants and the tools involved in the prevention of occupational stress. The objectives of the conference were to refine the definitions of stress, and more broadly of psychosocial hazards, to distinguish between sources of stress (constraints and organizational factors), effects on health (state of chronic stress, proven health problems) and effects on the enterprise. The need for a preventive approach and concerted actions was emphasized.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, June 2007, No.207, p.97-116. Illus.
http://www.hst.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/IntranetObject-accesParReference/HST_CR%2012/$File/cr12.pdf [en francés]
CIS 08-489
Bayeux-Dunglas M.C., Bijaoui A., Ganem Y., Krivochiev M., Lafon D., Peltre-Fleuriet B., Siano B.
Stress at work, a fact - What preventive measures, which participants and what tools?
Le stress au travail, une réalité - Quelle prévention, quels acteurs et quels outils? [en francés]
Review article on a symposium on occupational stress held in Nancy, France, on 1-2 February 2007. Papers were presented on the following topics: highlighting stress problems within the enterprise; convincing management to act; putting together a specific group of persons assigned with the task of following-up stress prevention programmes; carrying out a group diagnosis and defining an action plan for reducing the sources of stress; evaluating the effectiveness of the actions implemented; institutional resources available for implementing an occupational stress prevention programme; views of an enterprise manager and an expert in this field.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, June 2007, No.110, p.199-223. Illus.
http://www.dmt-prevention.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/IntranetObject-accesParReference/TD%20155/$File/TD155.pdf [en francés]
CIS 08-488
Lafleur J.
Five steps for eliminating unhealthy stress at the workplace
Cinq étapes pour réduire le mauvais stress au travail [en francés]
The world of work has witnessed profound changes during the last two decades. Some of these changes have proven to be relatively detrimental to occupational health, as can be observed by the dramatic increases in morbidity related to mental health and absenteeism. This article presents a five-step approach that can be adopted when faced with risk factors of occupational stress: defining one's work-life balance; setting objectives; ensuring that the objectives are met by one's self and respected by others; working with dedication and efficiency; knowing when to rest and recover.
Travail et santé, June 2007, Vol.23, No.2, p.10-13. Illus.
CIS 08-231
Hermoso de Mendoza Urrizoa J.
Ausentismo asociado al síndrome de burnout - Costo económico del estrés laboral asistencial en un hospital
Este estudio tenía por finalidad evaluar la relación entre el burnout y el absentismo por enfermedad entre el personal sanitario de un hospital español. El estudio se ha realizado mediante un cuestionario basado en el inventario de burnout de Maslach (MBI), enviado a 582 mujeres que trabajaban en diferentes departamentos de un hospital de 410 camas. Se analizaron 402 respuestas validas. Los resultados han demostrado que existe una asociación entre el nivel de acoso emocional y el absentismo. Se comentan otras observaciones del estudio
Salud, Trabajo y Ambiente, 2nd Quarter, 2007, Vol.14, No.52, p.14-20. Illus. 8 ref.
CIS 08-240
Rodríguez I., González-Morales M.G., Carbonell S.
El modelo AMIGO y la metodología PREVENLAB-PSICOSOCIAL - Aportaciones y retos en la prevención de los riesgos psicosociales
Los cambios en el mundo del trabajo son la causa de que emerjan nuevos riesgos psicosociales y enfermedades psicosomáticas. Para encarar dichos riesgos es preciso intervenir a nivel de la organización, lo que a su vez implica poder disponer de un modelo teórico como el modelo AMIGO que, contrariamente a los modelos existentes, considera los diferentes componentes del sistema organizativo como las caras de un conjunto que solo puede captarse holísticamente. Este modelo ha servido de base para desarrollar un método de diagnóstico denominado PREVENLAB-PSICOSOCIAL, que se describe en este artículo
Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, Apr. 2007, No.42, p.18-25. Illus. 32 ref.
CIS 08-248
Terelak J. F.
Estrés de origen profesional: características psicológicas de algunas profesiones estresantes
Stres zawodowy: charakterystyka psychologiczna wybranych zawodów stresowych [en polonés]
Se presentan las conclusiones de algunos estudios empíricos destinados a identificar las causas del estrés de origen profesional, así como los determinantes psicológicos para abordarlos con eficacia. Se han estudiado las siguientes profesiones: administraciones públicas locales; actores de teatro; aduaneros; agentes de cambio. informáticos, operadores de centrales de llamadas; controladores aéreos; médicos; marineros; gerentes; personal docente; enfermeras; pilotos militares; policías; auxiliares de vuelo; bomberos y militares. Se comentan las características del puesto de trabajo y las fuentes de estrés en cada una de estas profesiones
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, ul. Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warszawa, Poland, 2007. 637p. Illus. Approx 1000 ref.
CIS 08-187
Obadia I.J., Vidal M.C.R., E Melo P.F.F:F.
Sistema de gestión evolutiva para las empresas que utilizan tecnologías peligrosas
An adaptive management system for hazardous technology organizations [en inglés]
Este artículo presenta un sistema de gestión de la prevención desarrollado y aplicado en un centro de investigación y desarrollo nuclear en Brasil. Consta de un marco organizativo basado en las actividades cotidianas, que permite adaptar, de manera continuada, las diferentes interrelaciones causales complejas que aparecen entre la implantación de nuevas prácticas de gestión y la cultura de seguridad de la organización. El sistema se ha revelado eficaz al permitir una mejora de la cultura de seguridad así como una mejora continuada de los factores organizativos
Safety Science, Mar. 2007, Vol.45, No.3, p.373-396. Illus. 30 ref.
CIS 08-118
Stave C., Törner M.
Explorar las condiciones previas organizativas de los accidentes de trabajo en la industria alimentaria: un modelo cualitativo
Exploring the organisational preconditions for occupational accidents in food industry: A qualitative approach [en inglés]
La persistencia de una tasa elevada de accidentes en la industria alimentaria de Suecia ha obligado a adoptar nuevos modelos que permitan comprender mejor los factores subyacentes. En el presente estudio se analizan, desde el punto de vista de los operarios, 54 accidentes que provocaron lesiones en las manos, con el fin de explorar los factores organizativos. Se realizaron entrevistas detalladas a los operarios y sus superiores, y se efectuó un análisis cualitativo de 24 de dichas entrevistas. Se observó que los factores subyacentes incluían deficiencias en el ambiente laboral y en la organización del trabajo, insuficiencias en materia de formación e información, un elevado nivel de responsabilidad junto con un bajo grado de control, objetivos contradictorios y un vacío entre los procedimientos y las prácticas. Todos estos factores derivaron en una aceptación del riesgo, una resignación respecto de la mejora de la seguridad y una banalización de los riesgos
Safety Science, Mar. 2007, Vol.45, No.3, p.355-371. Illus. 31 ref.
CIS 08-233
Muchemedzi S.
Sistemas de observación de los componentes en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST)
Behaviour observation systems in occupational safety and health (OSH) [en inglés]
Un sistema de observación de los componentes en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo es una faceta importante de todo programa de prevención de accidentes de trabajo. Este arículo explica porqué las empresas necesitan un sistema de observación de los componentes, así como las diferentes etapas para su implantación, a saber: evaluación de la madurez y el nivel de preparación de la empresa para implantar un sistema de observación de componentes; determinación de la manera de responsabilizar a los trabajadores y lograr su apoyo; formación en materia de componentes de seguridad; definición de los componentes de seguridad; determinación de la situación de partida; observación e integración de la experiencia adquirida
On Guard, June 2007, Vol.14, No.2, p.3-9. Illus.
CIS 08-235
Tominaga M., Asakura T., Akiyama T.
Efecto de micro y macrofactores de estrés en el ambiente de trabajo sobre las percepciones subjetivas del estado de salud y del comportamiento productivo entre los informáticos japoneses
The effect of micro and macro stressors in the work environment of computer professionals' subjective health status and productive behavior in Japan [en inglés]
Este estudio tenía por finalidad evaluar el efecto de los micro y macrofactores de estrés en el medio laboral sobre las percepciones subjetivas del estado de salud y del comportamiento productivo entre los informáticos japoneses. El estudio se ha realizado en forma de encuesta mediante cuestionario en Internet. Se recibieron 871 respuestas de informáticos. Los resultados de los análisis por regresión logística jerárquica han demostrado que el microfactor de estrés de ¿sobrecarga cualitativa y cuantitativa del trabajo¿ tenia la influencia más marcada tanto sobre el estado de salud subjetivo como sobre la intención de cambiar de empleo. El macrofactor de estrés de ¿ambigüedad en materia de carrera profesional y porvenir¿ constituía el principal factor predictivo del estado de salud subjetivo, mientras que ¿los sistemas de evaluación insuficientes¿ y un ¿bajo respaldo por parte de su superior¿ eran igualmente predictivos de una baja productividad. Estas observaciones parecen sugerir que las mejoras del estado de salud subjetivo y del comportamiento productivo dependen no solamente de micro factores de estrés sino también, de macrofactores
Industrial Health, June 2007, Vol.45, No.3, p.474-486. 34 ref.
CIS 08-250
Previsiones de los expertos sobre la aparición de riesgos psicosociales en relación con la seguridad y la salud en el trabajo
Ekspertna prognoza za văznikvaštite psihosocialni riskove, svărzani s bezopasnostta i zdraveto pri rabota (BZR) [en búlgaro] Expertprognos om nya arbetsrelaterade psykosociala risker [en sueco] Ekpertvarsling om psykosociale risici i fremvækst i tilknytning til arbejdsmiljø [en danés] Expertenbefragung zu neu auftretenden psychosozialen Risiken für Sicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz bei der Arbeit [en alemán] Ékthesē próblepsēs empeirognōmónōn shetiká me tous psuhokoinōnikoús kindúnous pou shetízontai me tēn epaggelmatikḗ asfáleia kai ugeía (EAU) [en griego] Expert forecast on emerging psychosocial risks related to occupational safety and health (OSH) [en inglés] Eksperdiprognoos tekkivate tööohutuse ja töötervishoiuga seotud psühhosotsiaalsete riskide kohta [en estonio] Asiantuntijat ennakoivat esiin nousevia työterveyteen ja työturvallisuuteen liittyviä psykososiaalisia riskejä [en finlandés] Prévisions des experts sur les risques psychosociaux émergents liés à la sécurité et la santé au travail (SST) [en francés] Szakértői előrejelzés a munkahelyi biztonság és egészségvédelem vonatkozásában kialakuló pszichoszociális kockázatokról [en húngaro] Le previsioni degli esperti sui rischi psicosociali emergenti relativi alla sicurezza e alla salute sul lavoro [en italiano] Ekspertų prognozė dėl naujų kylančių psichosocialinės rizikos veiksnių darbuotojų saugai ir sveikatai (DSS) [en lituano] Ekspertu prognozes par potenciāliem psihosociāliem riskiem saistībā ar darba drošību un veselības aizsardzību (DDVA) [en letón] Previżjoni ta' l-esperti fuq ir-riskji psikosoċjali emerġenti relatati mas-saħħa u s-sigurtà fuq il-post tax-xogħol (OHS) [en maltés] Prognoses van deskundigen over in opkomst zijnde psychosociale risico¿s in het kader van veiligheid en gezondheid op het werk [en holandés] Prognoza ekspercka dotycząca powstających zagrożeń psychospołecznych związanych z bezpieczeństwem i higieną pracy (BHP) [en polonés] Previsão dos peritos sobre os riscos psicossociais emergentes relacionados com a segurança e saúde no trabalho (SST) [en portugués] Previziunile experţilor privind riscurile psihosociale emergente legate de securitatea @si sănătatea în muncă (SSM) [en rumano] Prognóza expertov o vznikajúcich psychosociálnych rizikách súvisiacich s bezpečnost'ou a ochranou zdravia pri práci [en eslovaco] Predvidevanje strokovnjakov o nastajajočih psihosocialnih tveganjih, ki so povezana z varnostjo in zdravjem pri delu [en esloveno] Odborná prognóza o vznikajících psychosociálních rizicích souvisejících s bezpečností a ochranou zdraví při práci (BOZP) [en checo]
Los profundos cambios experimentados en el mundo del trabajo han determinado la aparición de riesgos psicosociales emergentes. Tales riesgos, que dependen de la forma de concebir, organizar y gestionar el trabajo, así como del contexto socio-económico del empleo, tienen como consecuencia un incremento del nivel de estrés, que podría entrañar un deterioro importante de la salud mental y psíquica. En el año 2005, más del 20% de los trabajadores de la UE percibían que el estrés de origen profesional constituía un riesgo para su salud. Esta nota informativa resume las conclusiones de una previsión efectuada por un grupo de expertos acerca de los riesgos psicosociales emergentes, complementado con un análisis de los trabajos científicos sobre los principales temas identificados por los expertos
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, Gran Vía 33, 48009 Bilbao, Spain, 2007. 2p. Illus. 2 ref.
http://osha.europa.eu/et/publications/factsheets/74 [en estonio]
http://osha.europa.eu/es/publications/factsheets/74 [en español]
http://osha.europa.eu/fr/publications/factsheets/74 [en francés]
http://osha.europa.eu/hu/publications/factsheets/74 [en húngaro]
http://osha.europa.eu/it/publications/factsheets/74 [en italiano]
http://osha.europa.eu/lt/publications/factsheets/74 [en lituano]
http://osha.europa.eu/lv/publications/factsheets/74 [en letón]
http://osha.europa.eu/mt/publications/factsheets/74 [en maltés]
http://osha.europa.eu/nl/publications/factsheets/74 [en holandés]
http://osha.europa.eu/pl/publications/factsheets/74 [en polonés]
http://osha.europa.eu/pt/publications/factsheets/74 [en portugués]
http://osha.europa.eu/ro/publications/factsheets/74 [en rumano]
http://osha.europa.eu/sk/publications/factsheets/74 [en eslovaco]
http://osha.europa.eu/sl/publications/factsheets/74 [en esloveno]
http://osha.europa.eu/sv/publications/factsheets/74 [en sueco]
http://osha.europa.eu/bg/publications/factsheets/74 [en búlgaro]
http://osha.europa.eu/cs/publications/factsheets/74 [en checo]
http://osha.europa.eu/da/publications/factsheets/74 [en danés]
http://osha.europa.eu/de/publications/factsheets/74 [en alemán]
http://osha.europa.eu/el/publications/factsheets/74 [en griego]
http://osha.europa.eu/publications/factsheets/74 [en inglés]
http://osha.europa.eu/fi/publications/factsheets/74 [en finlandés]
CIS 08-232
Romera Romero J.
Causalidad del error humano en los accidentes laborales (Modelo psicológico "Queso suizo")
Se han desarrollado diversas teorías psicológicas para intentar explicar las causas de los accidentes de trabajo. Este artículo presenta el modelo del ¿queso suizo¿. Dicho modelo se basa en el análisis de los diferentes tipos de error humano que podrían aparecer en un sistema determinado, seguido de la implantación de obstáculos protectores entre cada uno de ellos, asegurando de este modo la seguridad
Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, July 2007, No.43, p.10-18. Illus. 10 ref.
CIS 08-17
Rodríguez C.A.
La cultura de la prevención
Temas tratados en este estudio bibliográfico sobre la cultura de la seguridad: cultura organizativa; orígenes del concepto de cultura de seguridad; definiciones; características de la cultura de seguridad; principios básicos de diferentes modelos de cultura de la prevención; evaluación de los diferentes métodos tendentes a mejorar la seguridad y la salud en el trabajo; posibilidad de cuantificar la cultura de seguridad y su eficacia económica en materia de prevención
Estudios de la Seguridad Social, 2007, No.99, p.9-79. 74 ref.
CIS 07-1498
Kouvonen A., Kivimäki M., Väänänen A., Heponiemi T., Elovainio M., Ala-Mursula L., Virtanen M., Pentti J., Linna A., Vahtera J.
Sobrecarga laboral y comportamientos no saludables: estudio en el sector público de Finlandia
Job strain and adverse health behaviors: The Finnish public sector study [en inglés]
El objeto de este estudio transversal era explorar la asociación entre la sobrecarga de trabajo y el tabaquismo, el consumo importante de alcohol, la obesidad y el sedentarismo. El estudio se realizó sobre 34.058 mujeres y 8154 hombres, todos ellos empleados en las administraciones públicas de Finlandia. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante cuestionario postal. La modelización mediante regresión puso de manifiesto el hecho de que trabajar con sobrecarga y los empleos con escasa capacidad de decisión estaban asociados a riesgos 1,3 y 1,4 veces más altos de presentar al menos tres comportamientos negativos. En el caso de los hombres, un trabajo pasivo estaba asociado con un riesgo 1,3 veces más alto de presentar, al menos, tres comportamientos negativos, mientras que en el caso de las mujeres, el trabajo activo estaba asociado a un riesgo 1,2 veces mayor de presentar, al menos, tres comportamientos negativos. Las exigencias laborales altas estaban asociadas, en las mujeres, con un mayor riesgo de presentar uno o dos comportamientos negativos. Se concluye que las condiciones de trabajo desfavorables pueden aumentar el riesgo de una mala higiene de vida. La disminución del estrés mediante un mejor grado de control sobre su trabajo y la disminución de las exigencias psicosociales podrían favorecer una vida más saludable
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 2007, Vol.49, No.1, p.68-74. 31 ref.
CIS 07-1347
Lu J.L.
Interacciones múltiples de las exposiciones a riesgos, del estrés ligado al rol y de los factores situacionales, y depresión por agotamiento entre el personal de enfermería
Multiple interactions of hazard exposures, role stressors and situational factors, and burnout among nurses [en inglés]
Este estudio transversal trata de la interacción entre los factores situacionales, los factores de estrés relacionado con el rol, la exposición al riesgo y los factores individuales en 135 enfermeros y enfermeras de un hospital de filipinas. Los datos se han obtenido mediante cuestionario. Más de la mitad de los individuos (58,5%) declararon haber estado enfermos por causas profesionales en el curso del último año. Un 59,3% faltó al trabajo por causa de enfermedad. Los análisis mediante regresión demostraron que los factores de riesgo de depresión por agotamiento (burout) eran: el estrés relacionado con la actividad laboral, la exposición a riesgos, la eficacia individual, la edad, la antigüedad, una enfermedad sufrida en el curso de los doce meses anteriores, la migraña, los vértigos, las alteraciones del sueño, los catarros y la tos, y la diarrea. Tras el análisis por regresión múltiple, los factores predictivos significativos de depresión por agotamiento son: el estrés relacionado con el rol, la migraña, la edad y una enfermedad padecida en el curso de los últimos 12 meses
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2007, Vol.13, No.1, p.73-82. 34 ref.
2006
CIS 12-0101
Behavioural safety - Kicking bad habits
It is estimated that employees' behaviour, in the form of acts or omissions, is a contributing factor in up to 80 per cent of work-related accidents. There are many reasons why employees engage in risky behaviour at work. These include cutting corners to save time, ergonomic factors, accepted practice, misunderstanding of risky behaviour and instinctive risk-taking behaviour. This guide outlines key considerations in setting up a behaviour-based safety programme. It includes the example of a behaviour-based programme implemented among ground handling staff of an airline at a major airport.
Institution of Occupational Safety and Health, The Grange, Highfield Drive, Wigston, Leicestershire, LE18 1NN, United Kingdom, Apr. 2006. 11p. Illus. 20 ref.
Behavioural_safety_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [en inglés]
CIS 09-616
Blass K. Initiative Neue Qualität der Arbeit (inqua.de)
Healthy health care practices in pensioners' homes
Gesund Pflegen in der Altenpflege [en alemán]
This report presents an analysis of work organization and workload among workers of two pensioners' homes. A survey of the workers subsequently enabled implementing measures aimed at reducing their workload.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin , Friedrich-Henkel Weg 1-25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany, 2nd ed., 2006. 96p. 55 ref. Price: EUR 5.00.
http://www.inqa.de/Inqa/Redaktion/TIKs/Gesund-Pflegen/PDF/inqa-bericht-16-iso,property=pdf,bereich=inqa,sprache=de,rwb=true.pdf [en alemán]
CIS 09-615
Klein B,, Gaugisch P. Initiative Neue Qualität der Arbeit (inqua.de)
Good work organization in pensioners' homes
Gute Arbeitsgestaltung in der Altenpflege [en alemán]
This booklet presents the results of a project aimed at using a self-appraisal system for improving working conditions in the sector of care to the elderly. It also shows how it is possible to obtain workers' participation in improving their working conditions.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin , Friedrich-Henkel Weg 1-25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany, 2nd ed., 2006. 70p. Illus. 55 ref. Price: EUR 5.00.
http://www.inqa.de/Inqa/Redaktion/Projekt-Datenbank/PDF/selbstbewertung-als-partizipationsorientierte-und-nachhaltige-methode-abschlussbericht,property=pdf,bereich=inqa,sprache=de,rwb=true.pdf [en alemán]
CIS 08-1478
Gamperiene M., Nygård J.F., Sandanger I., Wærsted M., Bruusgaard D.
The impact of psychosocial and organizational working conditions on the mental health of female cleaning personnel in Norway
This study examined the association between psychosocial and organizational work conditions and mental health among women employed in the cleaning profession in Norway. Self-report questionnaires were mailed to 661 cleaning staff from seven cleaning organizations in various locations across the country. The response rate was 64%. The questionnaires assessed socio-demographic information, employment history, work organization and psychosocial working conditions. Mental health was assessed using the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25). The proportion of cleaning women scoring a HSCL-25 ≥1.75 was 17.5%, which is higher than the prevalence of mental health problems among all working Norwegian women (8.4%). Quality of supervision, collaboration with co-workers and ethnicity were significantly associated with mental health.
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Nov. 2006, Vol.1, No.24, 10p. 55 ref.
CIS 08-1477
Berg A.M., Hem E., Lau B., Ekeberg Ø.
An exploration of job stress and health in the Norwegian police service: A cross sectional study
The objective of cross-sectional study was to explore the physical and mental health of Norwegian police, and their associations to job stress. A detailed questionnaire was addressed to 3272 members of the Norwegian police at all hierarchical levels. It was found that job pressure and lack of support were the main causes of physical and mental health problems. Women showed higher anxiety symptoms than men, while men showed higher depressive symptoms than women. Police reported more subjective health complaints and depersonalization, but less anxiety and depressive symptoms than the general population. Other findings are discussed.
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Dec. 2006, Vol.1, No.26, 9p. 34 ref.
CIS 08-1013
Rochefort T., Rouilleault H., Pelletier J., Sarasin B., Nicot A.M., Xirau D., Dumalin F., Bugand L.
Leading successful organizational change
Conduire et réussir le changement d'organisation [en francés]
Collection of articles on organizational changes within the enterprise. Topics addressed: redefining priorities within the enterprise; opinions of enterprise managers and research scientists on organizational changes within the enterprise; approaches adopted by a textile product retailer, a restaurant voucher settlement office, a heavy vehicle manufacturer and an automobile manufacturer; main points to consider with respect to organizational changes within the enterprise; review of a publication on the sociology of organizational changes within the enterprise; further reading.
Travail & changement, May-June 2006, No.308, p.1-15 (whole issue). Illus. Bibl.ref.
http://www.actal.aract.fr/RessourcesSite/TC/TC308.pdf [en francés]
CIS 08-1093
Cameron I., Hare B., Duff R., Maloney B. Health and Safety Executive
An investigation of approaches to worker engagement
This study describes approaches to worker engagement in the construction industry. The study involved an extensive literature review of methods used to engage construction workers in relation to the management of safety and health on site, followed by industry consultation via workshops before developing four intervention strategies to test on several sites. Surveys among workers combined with qualitative interviews found that three approaches successfully improve workers perceptions of worker engagement and the health and safety performance of management. The main findings are that informal methods of engagement were more successful than written approaches, and that investment in formal safety and health training resulted in more meaningful discussions. Further research is required to develop tools to measure worker engagement and the impact of the lack of fluency in English by an important proportion of workers.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. xvi, 77p. Illus. 65 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr516.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-789
Anderson G.M., Lorber R.L.
Safety 24/7 - Construyendo una cultura sin incidentes
Bezopasnost' 2477 - Sozdanie kul'tury bez incidentov [en ruso] Safety 24/7 - Construire une culture zéro incident [en francés]
According to the ILO, more than two million lives are lost each year in job- related accidents and illnesses, and another 268 million lost-time accidents occur globally. Aimed at managers who wish to build a strong culture of safety throughout their organization and supervisors who need to motivate teams to work safely, this manual presents a step-by-step approach to reduce incidents and injuries by building a behavior-based safety culture where individuals take personal responsibility for safety. It is presented in the form of a fictional story of a manager in an organization plagued with fatalities and injuries who is given 120 days to create a culture of safety. The English translation is available under ISN 111080.
Results in Learning, 201 Energy Parkway, Suite 240, Lafayette, LA 90508, USA, 2006. 134p. Illus. Price: USD 14.95.
CIS 08-847
Ferguson E., Cassaday H.J., Ward J., Weyman A. Health and Safety Executive
Triggers for non-specific symptoms in the workplace: Individual differences, stress and environmental (odour and sound) factors
Non-specific symptoms are not related to any given disease and include fatigue, weakness, sleep difficulties, headache and muscle aches. They have a high reported incidence and result in high rates of sickness absenteeism. The objective of this study was to identify factors related to the work environment, characteristics of individual workers, external factors and physiological factors that contribute to reporting non-specific symptoms. It was carried out in the form of a survey of a cross-sectional sample of 711 volunteer participants, who answered questionnaires on their symptoms and work environment. A sub-group of volunteers furthermore submitted daily diary entries and saliva samples, which were analysed for cortisol and immunoglobulin-A secretion. Key findings are that non-specific symptoms are related to odour perceptions, the time of day, individual differences, particularly with respect to anxiety, perceived stress and job demand/control imbalance.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. 110p. Illus. Approx 120 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr501.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-742
Zarola A., Leather P. Health and Safety Executive
Violence and aggression management training for trainers and managers
Workplace violence management training programmes in the health care sector constitutes a central part of the strategy for combating work-related violence and aggression. The objective of this research was to directly assess the usefulness of violence management training. The report includes various evaluation tools, cases studies and guidance documents in the field of violence management training. Based on the conclusions of this report, a second document gives guidance on good practice in the content and delivery of such training.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. xii, 83p. Illus. 2 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr440.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-746
Bond F.W., Flaxman P.E., Loivette S. Health and Safety Executive
A business case for the Management Standards for stress
This aim of this literature survey was to determine the extent to which the effective management of some or all of the six key factors of occupational stress is associated with beneficial business outcomes. These six stressors are demands, control, support, relationships, role and change. Findings lead to the conclusion that there is evidence of a business case for each stressor area, greatest for control and weakest for demands. Other findings are discussed.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. vi, 37p. 77 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr431.pdf [en inglés]
CIS 08-249
Correa Carrasco M., Fernández Garrido J., García Rodríguez B., Gómez Abelleira F.J., Martínez Moreno C., Molina Navarrete C., Olarte Encabo S., Pedrosa Alquezar S.I., Rodríguez Copé M.L.
Acoso moral en el trabajo - Concepto, prevención, tutela procesal y reparación de daños
Este manual sobre el acoso psicológico en el trabajo examina el problema desde diferentes ángulos, incluidos los aspectos legales. Va dirigido a los empresarios, a los trabajadores y sus representantes, a los responsables de recursos humanos y a los juristas. Temas tratados: concepto jurídico del acoso psicológico, prácticas preventivas a nivel de empresa; indemnización; papel de la administración española de seguridad social; responsabilidad legal de los empresarios; procedimientos legales
Editorial Aranzadi SA, Camino de Galar 15, 31190 Cizur Menor, Spain, 2006. 272p. Bibl.ref. Price: EUR 35.33.
CIS 08-234
Walker A., Hutton D.M.
Aplicación del contrato psicológico en el campo de la seguridad laboral
The application of the psychological contract to workplace safety [en inglés]
El concepto de contratos psicológicos de seguridad responde a las convicciones de los individuos respecto de los obligaciones reciprocas en seguridad, basadas en promesas implícitas o explicitas entre los empresarios y los trabajadores. La finalidad de este estudio era poner de manifiesto la existencia de contratos psicológicos en el marco de discusiones sobre seguridad entre los trabajadores. El estudio se ha realizado sobre 131 trabajadores de empresas industriales y de comercio detallista, participantes en sesiones de formación en seguridad. Los datos se obtuvieron, en el curso de dichas reuniones formativas, a partir de observaciones de personas no participantes. Se efectuó un análisis del contenido al objeto de codificar los datos, lo que permitió elaborar listas detalladas de los factores percibidos como responsabilidad de los empresarios o de los propios trabajadores, como elementos que permitieran definir los contratos psicológicos de seguridad. Se utilizó una muestra constituida por 33 personas de servicios de seguridad para validar dichas responsabilidades en materia de seguridad. Se comentan las implicaciones de tales observaciones para la seguridad y las futuras investigaciones sobre los contratos psicológicos
Journal of Safety Research, 2006, Vol.37, No.5, p.433-441. 54 ref.
CIS 08-237
Ahola K., Honkonen T., Kivimäki M., Virtanen M., Isometsä E., Aromaa A., Lönnqvist J.
Contribución del agotamiento profesional a la relación entre el esfuerzo laboral y la depresión: encuesta 2000 sobre la salud
Contribution of burnout to the association between job strain and depression: The Health 2000 study [en inglés]
El objetivo de este estudio era evaluar la contribución del agotamiento profesional (burnout) sobre la relación entre el esfuerzo en el trabajo y la depresión. Una muestra representativa de 3.270 trabajadores finlandeses con edades comprendidas entre 30 y 64 años cumplimentó una encuesta general que constaba del Inventario de burnout de Maslach y el Inventario de depresión de Beck, y participó en una entrevista basada en el Cuestionario composite internacional para el diagnóstico. En comparación con un esfuerzo ligero, un esfuerzo intenso estaba asociado a un riesgo 7,4 veces más alto de burnout, 3,8 veces más alto de síntomas depresivos y 1,7 veces más alto de trastornos depresivos. El riesgo de síntomas depresivos y de trastornos depresivos consecutivos a un esfuerzo intenso se redujo en un 69% tras el ajuste para burnout. El burnout está estrechamente asociado al esfuerzo en el trabajo y podría facilitar en parte la relación entre el esfuerzo laboral y la depresión
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 2006, Vol.48, No.10, p.1023-1030. 57 ref.
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