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  • Protective clothing

1985

CIS 86-1114 Eliseeva G.P.
Personal protective equipment
Sredstva individual'noj zaščity [en ruso]
Descriptions of new products presented at the "Labour Protection 84" exhibition. The protective clothing includes suits for protection from harmful substances, arctic cold and glass fibres. The footwear includes boots for work with livestock, boots for protection against physical and chemical factors, and shoes for protection from hot surfaces. Head and face protection includes a helmet with a transparent mask and a skirt for neck protection, and safety spectacles for protecting the eyes from 300-400nm ultraviolet radiation during defect detection with luminescent dyes. A lightweight respirator for protection from dust and gas, and a skin cream for neutralisation of aliphatic amines are also featured.
Mašinostroitel', Apr. 1985, No.4, p.22-24. Illus.

CIS 86-1108 Balabanova L.V., Puzakin V.G.
New material with chemical-resistant film coating for work clothes
Novyj material s himičeski stojkim plenočnym pokrytiem dlja specodeždy [en ruso]
Brief announcement of a new material developed by the All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Films and Synthetic Leathers (USSR). Elastokož-T Resistant consists of a textile base coated on both sides with ethylene-propylene diene rubber. It is light (360-380g/m2), flexible (bending force 2.6cN along the warp, 2cN along the filling) and strong (tear strength 156daN along the warp, 115daN along the filling). The material resists concentrated and dilute acids, bases and hydrogen peroxide. It is appropriate for protective clothing for workers exposed to these agents in the production and processing of synthetic and natural fibres and in the processing of furs.
Koževenno-obuvnaja promyšlennost', Jan. 1985, No.1, p.9.

CIS 86-769 Schwope A.D., Costas P.P., Jackson J.O., Weitzman D.J.
Guidelines for the selection of chemical protective clothing - Second edition
Aspects covered in the 2nd edition of this 2-volume manual: Vol.1: overview, limitations of chemical protective clothing, permeation theory, classification of clothing, use procedures, vendors literature, recommendations. Vol.2: technical data on materials, testing methods, list of information sources.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc., 6500 Glenway Ave., Bldg. D-7, Cincinnati, OH 45211, USA, 2nd edition, Mar. 1985, Vol.1 and 2, 348p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 86-495 Kaufman W.C., Bothe D.J.
Thermal insulating capabilities of "thin" clothing insulation
Claims that certain "thin" polyolefin clothing insulating materials possess superior insulating capabilities (due to their extremely fine fibres) are disproved by a comparative study of such materials and others (down and polyester). The tests demonstrate that such claims can be made for any thin insulation.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1985, Vol.56, No.10, p.1011-1013. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 86-492 Smolander J., Louhevaara V., Korhonen O.
Physiological strain in work with gas protective clothing at low ambient temperature
Wearing an impermeable gas protective suit and a self contained breathing apparatus totalling 27 kg, 7 experienced firemen and one mechanic performed simulated repair and rescue tasks in a chemical plant. The operations took place outdoors at an ambient temperature of 2°C and a wind velocity of 0-4 m/s; total work time averaged 37 min. During tasks of search, handling vents and sawing and replacing bolts, the mean heart rates for each of the tasks were 146, 148 and 147 beats/min respectively. The mean rectal temperature increased 0.8°C over the whole work period. Weight loss due to sweat averaged 300g. In conclusion the marked physiological strain observed emphasized the need to evaluate periodically the physical fitness of workers who may have to use gas protective clothing.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Dec. 1985, Vol.46, No.12, p.720-723. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 86-489 Norman C.J., Street P.J., Thompson T.
Flame protective clothing for the workplace
Description of the basic mechanisms of flame retardancy and thermal insulation. The role of appropriate materials in flame-retardant workwear and underwear is discussed. Results are given for an experimental programme which involved the small-scale testing of 27 commercially available (in the United Kingdom) flame-retardant fabrics. The 8 fabrics that performed well were then subjected to a full-scale assessment, in which a fully instrumented manikin was exposed to an intensive flame. Based on these findings, a recommended short list of flame-resistant garments is provided, both for general activities and for activities in which good heat-insulation qualities are required. There is also a discussion of the effects of oil contamination on flame retardancy and of the importance of correct cleaning procedures.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2nd quarter 1985, Vol.29, No.2, p.131-148. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 86-201 O'Neill D.H., Whyte R.T.
The danger of wearing impermeable clothing while spraying
Description of an experiment involving 2 subjects wearing chemical-barrier impermeable clothing while driving a tractor during crop spraying operations in the summer. Because the clothing also prevents the evaporation of sweat, the 2 men experienced serious discomfort, and one of them developed dangerously high body temperature (above 39°C). It is suggested that when spraying operations are done directly in the sun, other kinds of protective clothing (such as a cotton boiler suit) should be worn.
Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1985, Vol.35, No.1, p.10-13. Illus.

CIS 85-2002 Graves R.
Personal protective equipment - the ergonomic implications
This discussion relates particularly to respiratory protective equipment and to protective clothing. The main ergonomic factors considered are facial fit, acceptability by workers, heat balance, ease of use and interference with communication (speech or warning signals).
Safety Practitioner, Sep. 1985, Vol.3, No.9, p.4-7. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 85-940 Bohne J.E., Cohen B.S.
Aerosol resuspension from fabric: Implications for personal monitoring in the beryllium industry
Aerosol deposition and resuspension of beryllium dust was evaluated on cotton and Nomex aramid fabrics. Electrostatically charged cotton collected more beryllium than neutral controls, but electronegative Nomex did not. Moving fabrics collected more beryllium than did stationary controls. Agitation of contaminated fabrics showed that cotton resuspended a larger fraction of its contaminant than Nomex did.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1985, Vol.46, No.2, p.73-79. Illus. 21 ref.

1984

CIS 88-1347 Sköldström B., Holmér I.
Thermal insulation and evaporative resistance of different garments for forestry work
Värmeisolation och ångmotstånd hos olika typer av skogsarbetskläder [en sueco]
Report of a test of two standard outfits with and without raincoats and two new prototype garments made of a new material, Gore-Tex. This new material is not permeable to liquid water, but it allows water vapour to pass through. Insulation was about the same for all suit combinations, but the vapour resistance was twice as large for standard garments with raincoat than for the other outfits. The Gore-Tex material had almost the same low water-vapour resistance as the standard suit, and can therefore be used over a wider temperature range than suits with raincoats.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1984. 15p. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 87-453 Safronova N.A.
Protective clothing and safety footwear for workers of the chemical petroleum refining and petrochemical industries
Specodežda i specobuv' dlja rabotnikov himičeskoj, neftepererabatyvajuščej i neftehimičeskoj promyšlennosti [en ruso]
Aspects covered in this training manual: classification of personal protective equipment (clothing, shoes, boots, gloves, helmets, barrier creams) protecting against water, bases, acids, petroleum, petroleum products, heat, cold, static electricity, vibration, mechanical hazards, and explosion hazards; materials used for manufacturing, maintenance of personal protective equipment, a procedure for providing enterprises with this equipment.
Izdatel'stvo Himija, Stromynka 21, 107076 Moskva, USSR, 1984. 175p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: Rbl.0.55.

CIS 86-487
(Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam)
Polymer-coated materials for protective clothing and hand and arm protection - Method for determining their resistance to acids and alkalis
Materialy s polimernym pokrytiem dlja special'noj odeždy i sredstv zaščity ruk - Metod opredelenija stojkosti k dejstviju kislot i ščeločej [en ruso]
This standard (effective 1 Jan. 1986) applies to materials with polymeric coatings (synthetic leather and rubberized materials) and defines a method to be used for determining their resistance to alkalis and acids. The method is based on the measurment of rigidity and of resistance to abrasion and repeated bending. Contents: method of sampling; testing equipment; materials and reagents; preparation for testing and testing; treatment of results; safety requirements.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per.3, 123840 Moskva, USSR, 1984, 4p. Price: Rbl.0.03.

CIS 86-483 Jaakkola J., Smolander J., Louhevaara V., Tuomi T., Korhonen E., Korhonen O., Tossavainen A.
Physiological strain and the tightness of gas protective clothing
Kaasunsuojapukujen fyysinen kuormittavuus ja suojausteho [en finlandés]
5 gas suits and 6 other protective suits were tested in an exposure chamber containing toluene vapour. Subjects performed body movements to generate positive and negative pressures inside the suits. Maximum leakages of the 4 ventilated gas suits were low (<0.03-0.5%). Body movements caused no detectable change in leakage. The leakage of the nonventilated gas suit was 0.7%, with small concentration peaks when the test person moved. Leakage of 2 lightweight gas suits ventilated with exhaled air was 5.0-5.8%; leakages of the other 4 suits reached 21-36%. In measurements of the thermal insulation characteristics of 8 suits, clo-values of 1.08-1.30 were obtained, with little difference between gas and other suits. Normal ventilation had little effect if underclothing was dry. Forced ventilation reduced clo-values by 0.21 units. In physiological tests, the wearing of a chlorine suit with a self-contained breathing apparatus increased cardiovascular and thermoregulatory strain. At the higher of the 2 work levels tested, ventilation had no significant effect on physiological strain.
Työterveyslaitos, Laajaniityntie 1, 01620 Vantaa 62, Finland, 1984. No.208. 54p. Illus. 22 ref. Price: Fm.35.00.

CIS 86-204 Hettinger T., Eissing G., Hertting R., Steinhaus I.
Workload and stress due to the wearing of personal protective equipment
Belastung und Beanspruchung durch das Tragen persönlicher Schutzausrüstungen [en alemán]
Vol. 1 describes the physiological effects of the wearing of special underclothing, work clothes, rain gear and heat-protective clothing under neutral climatic conditions: energy expenditure, heart rate, rectal temperature, skin temperature, water vapour tension above the skin and sweat rate. Vol. 2 reports the results of physiological experiments on underclothing and on fire- and heat-protective garments worn during exposure to thermal radiation. Vol.3 reports spirometric and other physiological data for respiratory protection (full-face masks with dust or CO cartridges or compressed air supply) worn under climatically neutral conditions. These studies used new or modified methods. Criteria are offered for the selection of equipment on the basis of comfort and protection.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Postfach 170202, 4600 Dortmund 17, Federal Republic of Germany, 1984. 3 Vol. 407, 125 and 123p. Illus. 150 ref. Price: DM.43.00, 19.00 and 19.00.

CIS 86-64 Von Hertting R., Hettinger T., Eissing G.
The influence of protective clothing on strain caused by work performed while exposed to radiant heat
Einfluss von Schutzkleidung auf die Beanspruchung des Menschen bei Arbeit unter Wärmestrahlungsexposition [en alemán]
Research in a climate chamber involving 5 persons walking on a treadmill wearing either normal or heat protective clothing. Parameters measured: energy expenditure, heart rate during work, skin temperature, rectal temperature and sweat rate. Under normal climatic conditions, heat strain was a function of the weight of clothing worn. When exposed to radiant heat, heat strain was lower when wearing protective clothing (protective effects of 22-70%) than when wearing basic clothing with little protection against heat.
Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Präventivmedizin, 1984, Vol.19, No.1, p.9-14. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 85-2000 Bentz A.P., Man V.L.
Critical variables regarding permeability of materials for totally encapsulated suits
Paper presented at the Scandinavian symposium on protective clothing against chemicals, Copenhagen, Denmark, Nov. 1984. Permeability tests conducted by the US Coast Guard on 2 candidate materials, a 3-ply chlorinated polyethylene and a Viton/chlorobutyl laminate showed the 2 materials to have surprisingly short breakthrough times against common organic chemicals and solvents. Parameters affecting permeability measurements are identified and correlations between breakthrough times and parameters such as molecular size, solubility and solvent strength are established. Conclusions: chemicals must be tested as they are encountered in real spill situations - as vapour and splashes rather than pure liquids. Commercial formulations and mixtures of chemicals are important to test because of the profound synergistic effects of some binary mixtures. Test data are given for 32 compounds or mixtures of compounds.
U.S. Coast Guard Research and Development Center, Avery Point, Groton, CT 06340, USA, no date. 11p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 85-1997
(Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam)
Synthetic leather for protective clothing - Methods to determine the resistance to cleaning from industrial contaminants
Koža iskusstvennaja dlja specodeždy - Metody opredelenija ustojčivosti k očistke ot proizvodstvennyh zagrjaznenij [en ruso]
This standard (effective 1 July 1985) establishes the method to be used for determining the changes in the resistance of synthetic leather to threefold cleaning by tetrachloroethylene, solvent naphtha and a synthetic leather cleaner dissolved in water (resistance to tearing, stiffness, multiple bending strength, adherence of film coating on the material, moisture resistance and shrinkage, single-sided moisture resistance). The method is intended for the design and development of new synthetic leathers. Contents: method of sample selection; test equipment and materials; preparation for testing; method of testing; evaluation of the results; safety requirements. Terms used in the standard are defined in an appendix.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per.3, 123840 Moskva, USSR. 1984. 5p. Price: 0.03.

CIS 85-1994
(Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam)
Self-contained heat protective coveralls - Technical requirements and methods of testing
Kostjum izolirujuščij avtonomnyj teplozaščitnyj - Tehničeskie trebovanija i metody ispytanij [en ruso]
This standard (effective 1 July 1985) applies to all self-contained insulating heat protective coveralls, used in different industrial sectors against high air temperatues and thermal radiation. Contents: technical requirements (insulating clothing with helmet, internal and external gloves, shoes and boots; life-support system; sizes; protection of workers during short-term (at least 20min) stays in temperatures up to 523K (250°C) and exposure to thermal radiation up to 5.6kW/m2; underwear conditions; average temperature of underwear: 15-30°C; temperature of respirable gas mixture: 5-33°C; heat resistance of coverall: not less than 0.8°C/m2/W; materials of external coat, hoses, etc.); methods of testing (testing of life-support systems, method for determining the heat resistance). The principle of operation of the life-support system is appended.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per.3, 123840 Moskva, USSR, 1984. 9p. Price: Rbl.0.05.

CIS 85-1441 Korolev A.Ja., Maslova N.V., Ševerdjaev O.N., Zaharova E.P., Novikov T.N., Aleksandrov V.G., Kitaev V.P., Kiričenko D.K.
Antistatic suit for protection against petroleum products
Neftezaščitnyj kostjum s antistatičeskimi svojstvami [en ruso]
Two materials for the title garments were developed in the USSR: cellulosic fabric coated with oil-resistant rubber, and cellulosic or synthetic fabric coated with an elastic polyurethane. Inclusion of carbon black in the rubber or polyurethane made the materials resistant to the build-up of static electricity. The suits consist of high-waisted trousers and long hooded coats; the coats have openings to help prevent heat and moisture build-up. Climate-chamber tests showed that suits can be worn for work at temperatures up to 30°C. The suits provide protection for workers who dispense or transfer petroleum or petroleum products, or who clean vessels which once contained such materials.
Švejnaja promyšlennost', July-Aug. 1984, No.4, p.28-29. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 85-1387 Order No.32 of the Minister of Labour, Wages and Social Affairs of 5 July 1984 on standards for the provision of protective work clothing and personal protective equipment for workers in units of the labour, wages and social affairs system
Zarządenie nr 32 Ministra Pracy, Płac i Spraw Socjalnych z dnia 5 lipca 1984 r. w sprawie norm przydziału odzieży i obuwia ochronnego i roboczego oraz sprzętu ochrony osobistej dla pracowników zatrudnionych w jednostkach organizacyjnych resortu pracy ... [en polonés]
This order of the Polish Ministry of Labour, Wages and Social Affairs (effective 1 July 1984) applies to the ministry's own workers the rules for the provision of special clothing, footwear and protective equipment that were set forth in Decision No.136 of the Council of Ministers (dated 12 July 1981, latest consolidated text 28 Mar. 1984; see above). An appended table lists 56 job categories within the ministry, with the required clothing and equipment for each and the service life of each article.
Dziennik Urzędowy Ministerstwa Pracy, Płac i Spraw Socjalnych, 6 Sep. 1984, Vol.13, No.7, p.41-47.

CIS 85-1386 Notification of the Minister of Labour, Wages and Social Affairs of 12 July 1984 on publication of a consolidated text of Decision No.136 (Council of Ministers, 12 July 1981) giving rules for the provision of protective clothing, work clothes and personal protective equipment for workers
Obwieszczenie Ministra Pracy, Płac i Spraw Socjalnych w sprawie ogłoszenia jednolitego tekstu uchwały nr 136 Rady Ministrów z dnia 12 lipca 1981 r. w sprawie zasad przydzielania pracownikom odzieży ochronnej, odzieży roboczej i sprzętu ochrony osobistej [en polonés]
The consolidated text of this decision of the Council of Ministers of Poland is given in an annex.
Monitor Polski, 28 Mar. 1984, Vol.58, No.8, p.80-84.

CIS 85-683 White M.K., Ronk R.
Chemical protective clothing and heat stress
Description of the potential heat stress problems encountered by workers required to wear impervious clothing for protection against chemicals. Preventive measures and training programmes are presented.
Professional Safety, Dec. 1984, Vol.29, No.12, p.34-38. 37 ref.

CIS 85-787 Brose G.
What is high-visibility clothing, why must it be worn?
Was ist Warnkleidung, warum muss sie getragen werden? [en alemán]
High-visibility clothing is indispensable personal protective equipment for anyone working near moving vehicles. Garments should be chosen to fit the job, and should be worn by anyone who is not in an enclosure or a normal pedestrian zone. The reflectivity of such garments, especially their ability to reflect light directly back to the source (retroreflection) is their most important property; fluorescence, choice of colours, maintenance and service life are also discussed, and relevant Federal German laws, directives and standards are cited.
Die BG, 1984, No.11, p.686-689. Illus.

CIS 85-492 Fekete A.J.
Chemical encapsulated suits. Part 1. Some facts and fallacies. Part 2. Leak testing
The selection and application of appropriate encapsulated suits for use by emergency service personnel responding to hazardous materials emergencies is discussed in Part 1. The advantages and disadvantages of types with self-contained breathing apparatus worn inside and outside the suit and with airline supplied respiratory devices are reviewed. Methods for effective leak testing of suits and for monitoring for degradation with age and use are described in Part 2.
Fire Command, May 1984, Vol.51, No.5, p.41-44; June 1984, Vol.51, No.6, p.49-52. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 85-176 Howard H.A.
Protective equipment fails during chemical spill
An incident is described in which 4 fire fighters attempting to plug a leaking tank car were exposed to anhydrous dimethylamine which caused acid suit facepieces to shatter and boots and rubber gloves to fail. Recommendations are made for improved provision of information about hazardous chemicals in shipment, including labelling of railcars, and improved acid suit construction and operating procedures.
Fire Command, Mar. 1984, Vol.51, No.3, p.40-43. Illus.

CIS 85-172 Stampfer J.F., McLeod M.J., Betts M.R., Martinez A.M., Berardinelli S.P.
Permeation of eleven protective garment materials by four organic solvents
The 11 materials tested were: surgical rubber, butyl rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Saranex-laminated Tyvek, neoprene, nitrile rubber, Viton, Viton SF, Vitrile, Teflon. The 4 challenged solvents were: epichlorohydrin, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene and 1,2-dibromoethane. Butyl rubber offers good protection against epichlorohydrin (breakthrough time of 8h). With the halogenated hydrocarbons, Viton will provide protection for about 12h and Vitrile for 24h. PVA exposed to trichloroethylene and dibromoethane showed no breakthrough in 24h. With perchloroethylene, nitrile breakthrough occurred in 5h.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1984, Vol.45, No.9, p.642-654. 13 ref.

CIS 85-171 Stampfer J.F., McLeod M.J., Betts M.R., Martinez A.M., Berardinelli S.P.
Permeation of polychlorinated biphenyls and solutions of these substances through selected protective clothing materials
11 different materials were subjected to permeation tests: surgical rubber, butyl rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, Saranex-laminated Tyvek, neoprene, nitrile rubber, Viton SF, Vitrile, Teflon. The materials were challenged with undiluted Aroclor 1254, and solutions of Aroclor in trichlorobenzene and paraffin oil. The best resistance was given by nitrile rubber, Viton SF and Vitrile. PVA and Teflon also gave good results but showed loss of other properties such as flexibility, tear resistance or strength.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1984, Vol.45, No.9, p.634-641. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 85-165 Jarboe T.L.
Protective clothing: it's all or none
The necessity for use and care of protective clothing, including helmets, turnout coat, turnout pants and boots, by fire fighters is emphasised.
Fire Command, Feb. 1984, Vol.51, No.2, p.42-43. Illus.

CIS 84-91 Piotrowski M., Kulpiński E.
Clothing for protection against electromagnetic radiation
Ubiory chroniące przed promieniowaniem elektromagnetycznym [en polonés]
Description of fabrics used for clothing which protects against microwaves (a screening layer of 0.07mm copper wire between two layers of cotton fabric, with an additional electrically insulating layer) and of the clothing made therefrom; the clothing is intended for workers who deal with high-frequency equipment. Equipment for measuring the protection afforded by the fabric is described.
Bezpieczeństwo pracy, Jan. 1984, No.1, p.9-12. Illus. 9 ref.

1983

CIS 85-1986
(Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam)
Women's protective overalls - Men's protective overalls - Technical requirements
Halaty ženskie - Halaty mužskie. Tehničeskie uslovija [en ruso]
These standards (effective 1 Jan. 1985) cover all overalls protecting against contamination with harmful substances, mechanical effects, acids and high temperatures in different industries. Contents: types and sizes, general appearance, general requirements for manufacture, acceptance criteria, quality control, transport, storage. Instructions on keeping protective overalls in good condition are appended.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per.3, 123840 Moskva, USSR, 1983. 28p. Price: Rbl.0.06.

CIS 85-1388 Decision No.157 of the Council of Ministers of 14 Nov. 1983 to amend the Decision regarding the provision of protective clothing, work clothes and personal equipment to workers
Uchwałą w sprawie zasad przydzielania pracownikom odzieży ochronnej, odzieży roboczej i sprzętu ochrony osobistej [en polonés]
In addition to deletions of certain paragraphs and alterations of short phrases, new texts are given for sections and/or paragraphs dealing with: categories of personnel who should be provided with special clothing or protective equipment; the articles of clothing and equipment covered by the rules the applicable standards; the relation of the present document to other regulations.
Monitor Polski, 20 Dec. 1983, Vol.234, No.41, p.377-379.

CIS 85-1086
Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam)
Protective clothing, foot, leg, hand and arm protection - Classification
Odežda special'naja zaščitnaja, sredstva individual'noj zaščity nog i ruk - Klassifikacija [en ruso]
This standard (effective 1 July 1984) covers all protective clothing, foot, leg, hand and arm protection with the exception of barrier creams. This equipment is classified according to: its protective effectiveness (against mechanical effects, high and low temperature, radioactive contamination, toxic substances, petroleum and petroleum products, mineral and fuel oils, electrostatic charges, etc.); types (sleeveless jackets, overcoats, raincoats, coveralls, suits, overalls, boots, shoes, gloves, sleevelets, gauntlets, wrist gloves, etc.). Foot and leg protective equipment includes equipment for one and several uses. Equipment definitions and their codes are tabulated.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per. 3, 123840 Moskva, USSR, 1983. 6p. Price: Rbl.0.05.

CIS 85-793 Schwope A.D., Costas P.P., Jackson J.O., Weitzman D.J.
Guidelines for the selection of chemical protective clothing
Vol. I: Field guide, contents: overview, chemical protective clothing limitations; permeation theory; classification; vendors' literature; recommendations. An appendix contains a chemical index for >400 substances. Vol. II: Technical and reference manual with comprehensive tables of recommendations to aid and facilitate the selection of chemical protective clothing. Contents: objectives, limitations and assumptions for the guidelines; permeation theory; test methods; analysis of vendors' literature; sources for information.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 6500 Glenway Ave., Bldg. D-5, Cincinnati, OH 45211, USA, 1983. 239p. Illus. 162 ref.

CIS 85-684
Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po trudu i social'nym voprosam, Prezidium VCSPS
Ratification of a standard on the free issuance to workers of warm work clothes and footgear according to climatic zone
Ob utverždenii norm besplatnoj vydači rabočim i služaščim teploj special'noj odeždy i special'noj obuvi po klimatičeskim pojasam [en ruso]
This standard (ratified 8 Dec. 1982) is uniformly applicable to all sectors of the economy of the USSR. It specifies that warm work clothes and footgear shall be issued in accordance with the model standards for individual branches of the economy. The wear life of jackets, trousers and footgear in the 5 climatic zones of the country is tabulated, and the districts in each zone are listed. An appendix lists the directives which are annulled by ratification of the present standard.
Bjulleten' - Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po trudu i social'nym voprosam, 1983, No.5, p.20-24.

CIS 85-780 Amundin K., Brunius C., Bränd-Persson Å.
Protective clothing systems
The 36 papers presented at this international conference (23-27 Aug. 1981, Stockholm, Sweden) focus on protective functions, evaluation methods and design of clothing systems. Topics covered: heat exchange; cold weather work; skin protection; permeability; blast protection; helmets and body armour; physiology, ergonomics, comfort and heat stress; thermal insulation and cooling; heating; fire and flame protection; textiles and design.
National Defence Research Institute, Dept.5, P.O. Box 27322, 102 54 Stockholm, Sweden, 400p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 85-491 Čubarova Z.S.
Ventilated work clothes
Special'naja odežda s ventiljacionnymi ėlementami [en ruso]
Zippered vents were made at two points on the back of insulated jackets, in the side seams of the jackets, and in the inner and outer seams of insulated trousers at the level of the thigh. Opening these vents reduced the thermal resistance of the garments by 9-15%; in treadmill experiments in a climate-controlled chamber (air temperature -5°C), moderate effort raised the skin temperature of subjects by 1-2°C with the vents closed, but only 0.1-0.3°C with all the vents open. Thus, the design permits the garments to be worn comfortably over a wider range of conditions than do unvented designs.
Švejnaja promyšlennost', May-June 1983, No.3, p.22-23. Illus. 2 ref.

CIS 84-1701 Punski C.R.
Do blue collars protect working women ?
Because the number of women employed in traditionally male blue-collar jobs is increasing, a survey was made to determine the availability of protective clothing and equipment based on womens' specifications. Clothing, hearing protection devices, respirators, foot and eye protection and gloves were evaluated. The unique needs of women with regard to design, safety, comfort and fit are not yet being met by manufacturers.
National Safety News, Oct. 1983, Vol.128, No.4, p.34-38. Illus. 21 ref.

CIS 84-1404 Berardinelli S.P., Mickelsen R.L., Roder M.M.
Chemical protective clothing: a comparison of chemical permeation test cells and direct-reading instruments
Two chemical permeation cells have been tested by measuring the permeation of acetone through unsupported Neoprene rubber. Breakthrough time was detected with a gas chromatograph with a flame ionisation detector (FID), a portable Beckman Model 400 total hydrocarbon analyser (FID) and an H-NU PI-101 portable photoionisation detector (PID). Breakthrough times obtained from combinations of the two cells and the various detectors were all similar. However, the two cells yielded comparable steady-state permeation rates only with the PID detector.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Dec. 1983, Vol.44, No.12, p.886-889. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 84-1425 Lippitt M.W., Nuckols M.L.
Active diver thermal protection requirements for cold water diving
The supplemental heating requirements for surface-tended and free-swimming military divers are analysed. Categories of diver heat loss, including respiratory and suit convective losses, are characterised over a range of water temperatures, depths and breathing gas mixtures. There is a need for a 1-kW diver heater for deep diving. A 0.5kW heater is satisfactory to extend the performance of existing closed-circuit-breathing apparatus for shallow water operations at temperatures below 40°F.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, July 1983, Vol.54, No.7, p.644-648. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 84-1098 Neitmann H.
Metal mesh for protection against cut and puncture wounds
Metallgeflechte zum Schutz gegen Schnitt- und Stichverletzungen [en alemán]
A review of the types of metal mesh (chain and plate mail) used in aprons, gloves and sleeves for protection against cuts, and of the design and testing of aprons and gloves. Such equipment is used not only in the meatpacking industry and butcher shops, but also in large kitchens, and in working with plastics, textiles, leather and woody plants.
Die BG, 1983, No.3, p.124-130. Illus.

CIS 84-1097 Schulz G.G.
Response of protective clothing to contact heating
Schutzkleidung bei Kontakthitze [en alemán]
Tests of materials which maintain their protective effect in direct contact with flames or molten metal and which, by providing a barrier against energy, protect against 2nd-degree burns. Fabric samples (wool, cotton, synthetic fibres, aluminised fabric) were exposed to 500g quantities of molten metals at 250-800°C, and adhesion of the metal to the fabric, mechanical separation of the metal from the fabric, interior temperature of the fabric and thermal conductivity of the fabric were determined. Economic aspects are also discussed. An ideal fabric (so far unavailable) should have the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the synthetic fabrics with the favourable physiological characteristics of wool.
Sicherheitsingenieur, 1983, No.3, p.10-19. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 84-692
(Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam)
Fabrics and materials for welders' protective clothing. Method for measuring resistance to UV-radiation
Tkani i materialy dlja specodeždy svarščikov. Metod opredelenija stojkosti k UF-izlučeniju [en ruso]
Contents of this standard, which goes into force 1 July 1984: scope; sampling methods; testing equipment; preparation of sample for testing; testing; calculating the stability index; safety in using the equipment and methods prescribed by the standard.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per. 3, 123557 Moskva, USSR, 11 Apr. 1983. 5p. Illus. Price: Rbl.0.03.

CIS 84-846 Duffy R.M.
Trends in protective equipment
The development of canister respirators and self-contained breathing apparatus suitable for use by fire fighters, and of protective clothing and helmets, is reviewed. Design advances and new regulatory requirements have resulted in the improved safety and effectiveness of fire fighters.
Fire Service Today, May 1983, Vol.50, No.5, p.34-37. Illus.

CIS 84-844 Sund J.L., King R.R.
Longitudinal wear study of four work shirts in ferrous metal operations; King Country, Washington
4 shirts made of 100% cotton, Firestop cotton, Flampro wool and Nomex III were evaluated for their protective and wear life performance and to determine consumer satisfaction in terms of comfort, protection and acceptibility. Greatest protection, evaluated in terms of the lowest number of potentially harmful burns, was provided by fire-resistant wool and fire-resistant cotton fabrics. Nomex aramid gave less protection and untreated cotton least. Participants rated untreated cotton and Nomex aramid equally as most comfortable. Fire-resistant cotton was rated last.
Fire Technology, Aug. 1983, Vol.19, No.3, p.163-169. 14 ref.

CIS 84-223 Pintauro Brewster E., Barber R.L.
A summary of research on heat resistant fabrics for protective clothing
General requirements for heat resistant fabrics are discussed and laboratory methods of testing are summarised. Properties covered are flammability; thermal shrinkage, integrity and insulation; measurement of radiant and convective heat transfer; heat sources; heat sensors. The prediction of skin burn injury from test measurement is also discussed and performance requirements for protective fabrics are given. A need is seen for a better coordination of specific programmes to evaluate the suitability of the variety of fabrics that might be used in industrial safety apparel.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1983, Vol.44, No.2, p.123-130. 40 ref.

CIS 83-1888 Motohashi Y., Miyazaki Y., Takano T., Nojiri T., Sekine H.
Effects on firefighters of exercise in a hot environment when wearing anti-fire coats
The effects of heat and exercise on firefighters wearing anti-fire coats were investigated. Serum enzyme activities and serum myoglobin significantly increased after exercise at 50°C, but not after exercise at 25°C or at rest in 50°C temperatures. The degree of weight loss and increase in heart rate and serum enzyme activities were more significant when the subjects wore the anti-fire coat than when they were naked. The inability of the body to shed heat must be taken into consideration when firefighters wearing anti-fire coats work under severe conditions.
Japanese Journal of Hygiene - Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi, June 1983, Vol.38, No.2, p.589-597. Illus. 30 ref.

CIS 83-2018 Cornu J.C., Aubertin G., Morice A., Claude G.
Cotton garments with wash-resistant flame-retardant finishes - The effects of washing on flammability
Vêtements de coton traités par un procédé d'ignifugation durable - Influence des lavages sur l'inflammabilité [en francés]
Representative flame-retardant cotton garments from the French market were subjected to repeated machine washing and tested for maintenance of their flame-retardant properties by standard methods. The results were highly variable, even for a given type of garment, which indicates that fireproofing techniques have not yet been mastered by the manufacturers. Closer quality control during manufacture is called for. It seems desirable to set up product standards to assure that garments on the market consistently meet minimum standards.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 4th quarter 1983, No.113, Note No.1454-113-83, p.543-548. Illus.

CIS 83-2015 Vogt J.J., Meyer J.P., Candas V., Libert J.P., Sagot J.C.
Pumping effects on thermal insulation of clothing worn by human subjects
5 male subjects underwent climatic chamber tests under conditions designed to enhance differences in heat exchanges due to the pumping effect (air movements through clothing apertures). Results: (1) the clothing insulation determined on a mannequin, even in movement, is greater than the resultant insulation for living subjects; (2) the insulation is not the same for radiant as for convective heat or cold; (3) the pumping effect can increase or decrease the resultant clothing insulation; (4) the clothing insulation is smaller in warmer conditions than in cooler ones; (5) it becomes necessary to make a definite distinction between several kinds of clothing insulation when calculating their values.
Ergonomics, Oct. 1983, Vol.26, No.10, p.963-974. 12 ref.

CIS 83-1701 Proctor T.D.
Research into equipment for protection against molten-metal splash
An improved gaiter was designed to eliminate problems associated with molten metal entering the top of poorly fitting gaiters, comfort, and fastening efficiency. The gaiter, which was in compliance with standards for foundry footwear, was tested and evaluated and an 80-90% favourable response was reported in use. A draft standard test method for clothing designed to protect against molten metal is also described.
Journal of Occupational Accidents, Jan. 1983, Vol.5, No.1, p.59-74. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 83-978 Aubertin G., Regnier R.
Equipment for work at high temperatures - Results of hot-chamber tests
Equipements d'intervention en ambiance chaude - Résultats d'essais en chambre chaude [en francés]
Special work garments usable for protection against flameless radiant and convective heat up to 400°C were tested in a hot chamber. The garments are intended to be worn only for short periods and for special purposes. Testing and classification methods are reviewed. 11 suits tested according to French Standard NF S-103 and their cooling systems are described. No suit performed satisfactorily under the most extreme conditions. These results are instructive with regard to the improvement of this equipment.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1983, No.111, Note No.1416-111-83, p.153-166. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 83-792 Harley D.
Personal protective equipment - A new fibre for protecting men working in contact with toxic substances and chemicals
Protection individuelle - Une nouvelle fibre pour la protection de l'homme au contact des substances toxiques et chimiques [en francés]
Description of a new fibre ("Tyvek") and a spunbonded fabric made from it and designed for the manufacture of protective work clothes (effectiveness, cost, comfort factors, safety features). Examples are given of its use in clothing worn by technicians working on the assembly of the European space satellite (eliminates contamination hazards), nuclear industry and sterile room workers, and in clothing used to prevent airborne dust penetration to give protection to paint sprayers, etc.
Revue de la sécurité, Mar. 1983, Vol.19, No.199, p.41-43. Illus.

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