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2011

CIS 12-0103 Business risk management - Getting health and safety firmly on the agenda
This guide helps safety and health professionals understand the concept of business risk management and where managing occupational safety and health (OSH) risks sits within the business risk framework. It also encourages OSH practitioners to use this knowledge to influence the decision making process.
Institution of Occupational Safety and Health, The Grange, Highfield Drive, Wigston, Leicestershire, LE18 1NN, United Kingdom, Feb. 2011. 5p. Illus. 27 ref.
Business_risk_management_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [en inglés]

CIS 12-0198 Elshazley M., Shibata E., Hisanaga N., Ichihara G., Ewis A.A., Kamijima M., Ichihara S., Sakai K., Sato M., Kondo M., Hasegawa Y.
Pleural plaque profiles on the chest radiographs and CT scans of asbestos-exposed Japanese construction workers
Pleural plaques are asymptomatic focal thickenings of the pleura and considered the hallmark of asbestos exposure. However, it is often difficult to detect pleural plaques on chest x-rays (CXR). This retrospective study was based on chest CT scans of 140 Japanese asbestos-exposed construction workers who have probable or definite findings of pleural plaque on CXR. A plaque morphology-based classification for CXR was proposed and compared to interpretations of CT scans. Findings are discussed. It is concluded that chest radiography continues to be a suitable tool for screening asbestos-related pleural plaques considering its simplicity, wide availability and cost-effectiveness.
Industrial Health, Sep. 2011, Vol.49, No.5, p.626-633. Illus. 15 ref.
Pleural_plaque_profiles_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [en inglés]

CIS 11-0815 Nilsen P., Holmqvist M., Hermansson U.
Alcohol prevention in Swedish occupational health care
The objective of this study was to investigate occupational health care (OHC) professionals' perceived knowledge concerning patient counselling on alcohol, perceived efficiency in achieving patient changes, use of questionnaires and biomarkers, amount and content of their alcohol-related continuous professional education (CPE), their reasons for participating in this CPE and improvements experienced in addressing alcohol issues in the last three years. Baseline 2005 and follow-up 2008 data were collected by means of anonymous questionnaires to participating physicians and nurses in the OHC programme. Findings are discussed. There were major improvements in the OHC professionals' perceived knowledge concerning alcohol counselling and efficiency in influencing patients' alcohol habits after participation in a comprehensive CPE project. Overall, the nurses achieved more improvements than the physicians.
Occupational Medicine, 2011, Vol.61, p.472-479. 23 ref.

CIS 11-0802 Bardouillet M.C., Buisset C., Bardot F., Molinié A.F., Leroyer A.
The EVREST observatory, an approach involving setting up collective occupational health indicators
L'observatoire EVREST, une démarche de mise en place d'indicateurs collectifs en santé au travail [en francés]
The EVREST (French acronym for occupational health evolution and relations) observatory) was designed by occupational physicians and researchers for the purpose of enabling a global evaluation of workers' occupational health problems in the course of their daily consulting practice. This longitudinal system is based on a short questionnaire, filled in in the presence of the worker during routine occupational health check-ups. The full advantages of the questionnaire, both at individual and group levels, result from the integration of the physicians' clinical approach. This article discusses the specific aspects and limitations of the EVREST system.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd quarter 2011, No.126, p.213-223.. 12 ref.
TM_18.pdf [en francés]

CIS 11-0760 Edwards R.
Working for better health for workers
Il ne faut pas être docteur pour prendre soin d'une personne [en francés]
This article presents the activities of an occupational health clinic in Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Hesamag, 1st half 2011, No.3, p.17-20. Illus. 5 ref.
Il_ne_faut_pas_être_docteur.pdf [en francés]

CIS 11-0466 Guillemin M.
Occupational hygiene and risk prevention: A complementary science to occupational medicine
Hygiène du travail et prévention des risques: une science complémentaire à la médecine du travail [en francés]
The purpose of occupational health is to ensure healthy working conditions and healthy workers. Occupational hygiene focuses on the working environment in order to manage the hazards and thus protect workers from disease. This review article presents this branch of activity with its specific aspects, highlighting its complementarity with occupational medicine.
Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, 2nd quarter 2011, No.171, 10p. Illus. 25 ref.

CIS 11-0323 Hot I., Karlikaya E., Erdogan M.S.
Survey of the opinions on the occupational health system in Turkey expressed by patients of the Istanbul hospital of occupational diseases
The objective of this study was to survey and analyse the opinion of patients of an occupational diseases hospital concerning the quality of provision of occupational medicine services in Turkey. A total of 189 patients were interviewed using a 13-item survey about their jobs and workplaces. 80.4% of the patients stated that physicians were located at their workplaces; 66.1% stated that inadequate attention was given to ensure the physical, psychological and social health of the employees and 63.5% stated that sufficient protection against health risks was not provided. Implications of these findings are discussed.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 2011, Vol.24, No.2, p.192-198. 35 ref.

CIS 11-0358 Carder M., McNamee R., Turner S., Hussey L., Money A., Agius R.
Improving estimates of specialist-diagnosed, work-related respiratory and skin disease
Work-related skin and respiratory disease still constitute an important part of the work-related ill-health (WRIH) burden in the United Kingdom. It is therefore important to be able to accurately quantify the true incidence of these two groups of disease. The aim of this study was to improve the accuracy of the methodology to estimate clinical specialist incidence rates, with a focus on skin and respiratory disease, and specifically, to estimate the number of additional cases not captured by voluntary surveillance through The Health and Occupation Reporting (THOR) network and provide a better estimation of the true incidence of work-related skin and respiratory disease. Cases not captured by THOR in 2005-2007 due to non-participation of eligible clinical specialists and due to <100% response rates by THOR participants were estimated, and the numerator adjusted accordingly. Adjusted incidence rates were calculated using Labour Force Survey data as the denominator. During 2005-2007, 62% of skin cases and 60% of respiratory cases were likely to have been captured by THOR. After adjustment, dermatologist-derived incidence rates for skin disease were raised from 9 to 14 per 100,000 employed, while those for respiratory disease were raised from 10 to 17 per 100,000 employed. This study has provided a significant improvement in the surveillance-based methodology used to estimate the number of cases of WRIH captured by THOR and hence enabled more accurate estimations of incidence rates for clinical specialist-reported WRIH.
Occupational Medicine, 2011, Vol.61, p.33-39. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 11-0356 Bohadana A.B., Hannhart B., Ghezzo H., Teculescu D., Zmirou-Navier D.
Exhaled nitric oxide and spirometry in respiratory health surveillance
Exposure to pollutants in bakeries and hairdressing salons can cause airway syndromes varying from bronchial irritation to asthma. Workplace respiratory health surveillance aims to identify possible cases requiring further investigation. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)) and spirometry for health surveillance of apprentice bakers (ABs) and apprentice hairdressers (AHDs). Determinants of FE(NO) were also identified. Symptoms and physician-diagnosed asthma were evaluated by questionnaire. FE(NO) was measured and spirometry was carried out. Subjects with elevated FE(NO), airway obstruction (one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV₁)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 95th percentile) and atopy were identified. A total of 126 apprentices (59 ABs and 67 AHDs) participated. Twenty-nine (23%) apprentices had abnormal tests: four had associated high FE(NO) and airway obstruction, while 25 had either high FE(NO) or airway obstruction alone. Compared with ABs, AHDs had more asthma (38% versus 0%) and atopy (62% versus 6%). There was no difference in symptoms, smoking FE(NO) or airways obstruction. Among 97 subjects with normal tests, no differences were found between ABs and AHDs. Average FE(NO) was increased in atopic non-smokers compared with atopic smokers and non-atopic subjects. Smoking, a history of allergies, FEV₁/FVC and respiratory symptoms were the main determinants of FE(NO).
Occupational Medicine, 2011, Vol.61, p.108-114. Illus. 30 ref.

CIS 11-0340 Shiri R., Martimo K.P., Miranda H., Ketola R., Kaila-Kangas L., Liira H., Karppinen J., Viikari-Juntura E.
The effect of workplace intervention on pain and sickness absence caused by upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an ergonomic intervention on pain and sickness absence caused by upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders. It was conducted in the form of a randomized controlled study including 177 subjects aged 18-60 years seeking medical advice due to upper-extremity symptoms. Workplace ergonomic improvements were made in the intervention group. Data on symptoms and sickness absences were gathered during one-year follow-up. Pain intensity, pain interference with work, leisure time, or sleep did not differ between the intervention and control group during the one-year follow-up. During the first three months of follow-up, the percentage of employees with sickness absence due to upper-extremity or other musculoskeletal disorders did not differ between the intervention and control group, but the total number of sickness absence days in the intervention group was about half of that in the control group.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Mar. 2011, Vol.37, No.2, p.120-128. Illus. 23 ref.
The_effect_of_workplace.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0339 Shaw W.S., Reme S.E., Linton S.J., Huang Y.H., Pransky G.
3rd place PREMUS best paper competition: Development of the return-to-work self-efficacy (RTWSE-19) questionnaire - Psychometric properties and predictive validity
The 19-item return-to-work self-efficacy (RTWSE-19) scale is a new self-report measure intended to assess workers' beliefs of their current ability to resume normal job responsibilities following pain onset. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factor structure, internal consistency, and predictive and concurrent validity of RTWSE-19 among workers with acute low-back pain. It involved 399 patients consulting for acute work-related low-back pain, who completed an original 28-item version of the new scale along with concurrent measures of pain, functional limitation, activity avoidance, workplace physical demands, and pain catastrophizing. The assessment was repeated at the second visit and work limitations and duration of sickness absence were assessed by questionnaire at 3-month follow-up. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess content validity of the scale, and scores were compared to concurrent pain measures and with disability outcomes at three months. It was found that the RTWSE-19 offered adequate reliability and validity to measure the confidence of workers to meet job demands, modify job tasks, and communicate needs to co-workers and supervisors. When assessed 1-2 weeks after pain onset, the scale is predictive of disability outcomes.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Mar. 2011, Vol.37, No.2, p.109-119. 56 ref.

CIS 11-0338 Fassier J.B., Durand M.J., Loisel P.
2nd place PREMUS best paper competition: Implementing return-to-work interventions for workers with low-back pain - A conceptual framework to identify barriers and facilitators
Workplace-based return-to-work interventions for workers with low-back pain are more effective than usual healthcare. Nevertheless, the implementation of such interventions usually encounters many barriers within healthcare systems, workplaces and insurance systems. The aims of this study were to construct a conceptual framework to identify barriers and facilitators, and to validate this conceptual framework empirically. A literature review was conducted to identify barriers and facilitators. A selection process was used to identify core dimensions. The framework was validated through multiple case studies in two regions of France. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus groups with key participants. Findings are discussed.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Mar. 2011, Vol.37, No.2, p.99-108. Illus. 78 ref.

CIS 11-0335 Morrison J.
The role of the GP in keeping people in work
This editorial argues in favour of improved cooperation between general practitioners (GPs) and occupational health specialists and employers in the United Kingdom, in particular for the early identification of patients with psychological distress who are vulnerable to the risk of becoming permanently dependant on sickness benefits, while the most favourable decision would be to facilitate their return to work.
Occupational Medicine, 2011, Vol.61, p.74-75. 16 ref.
The_role_of_the_GP.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0058 Verger P., Cabut S., Viau A., Souville M., Pardon C., Charrier D., De Labrusse B., Lehucher-Michel M.P., Arnaud S.
Use of imaging in the follow-up of workers exposed to lung carcinogens: Practices in occupational medicine and its determinants
Application de l'imagerie pour le suivi médical des travailleurs exposés aux cancérogènes pulmonaires: pratiques en médecine du travail et ses déterminants [en francés]
Occupational physicians' (OPs) practices of referrals for the imaging of workers occupationally-exposed to lung/pleural carcinogens and their related factors were studied. This cross-sectional telephone survey of 379 OPs practicing in Southeastern France showed that 81% referred exposed patients for chest radiographs, 33.5% for computed tomography (CT), and 16.1% for neither. Making no referral was positively associated with believing cancer risks are lower in one's own geographic sector than elsewhere and negatively associated with keeping employee risk records up-to-date. Referrals for CT were positively associated with work at in-house occupational health services (OHS), and completing employee exposure histories often/always. Both the OHS type and factors that may shape OPs' awareness of cancer risks in their sector appear to influence imaging referral practices. Occupational physicians would benefit from guidelines clarifying benefits and risks associated with imaging in such patients. An effort to harmonize regulatory provisions and guidelines also appears necessary.
International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1st quarter 2011, Vol. 17, No.1, p.71-79. 27 ref.

CIS 11-0008 Bondéelle A., Brasseur G., Clergiot J., Ravallec C., Richez J.P., Vaudoux D.
Occupational safety and health professions - Multiple functions for a single mission
Métiers de la prévention et de la sécurité au travail - De multiples fonctions pour une unique mission [en francés]
Collection of articles on occupational safety and health services. Contents: role of external safety and health specialists and consultants; activities of an institutional occupational safety and health service in a French region; role and activities of occupational physicians and occupational health nurses; activities of an ergonomics consultancy; safety and health coordinators in the building industry.
Travail et sécurité, Mar. 2011, No.715, p.20-38. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 10-0793 OSHA-NIOSH Info Sheet: Maximize your spirometry screening and surveillance resources
Spirometry is a common type of pulmonary function test that measures how well persons can move air in and out of their lungs. In occupational settings, spirometry can be used to establish a baseline before assigning a worker to job tasks that are physically demanding, that require use of a respirator, or that may expose the worker to respiratory hazards. It is also used to track lung function over time and to evaluate workers who experience signs or symptoms of respiratory disease. Contents of this information sheet aimed at employers: need for spirometry testing; technician training; spirometry equipment; frequency of testing; screening and surveillance; checklist. See also ISN 111238.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-2001, USA, Mar. 2011. Internet document, PDF format, 2p. Illus.
DHHS_(NIOSH)_Publication_No.2011-133.pdf [en inglés]

2010

CIS 12-0091 Bonneterre V., Faisandier L., Bicout D., Bernardet C., Piollat J., Ameille J., de Clavière C., Aptel M., Lasfargues G., de Gaudemaris R.
Programmed health surveillance and detection of emerging diseases in occupational health: Contribution of the French national occupational disease surveillance and prevention network (RNV3P)
The French national occupational disease surveillance and prevention network (RNV3P) includes the 30 occupational disease consultation centres in university hospitals to which patients are referred for potentially work-related diseases, and an occupational health service. This article explains the RNV3P system and its contribution to national health surveillance in France. It collects data from two complementary samples: 30 university hospital centres (workers or former workers) and an occupational health service (current workers). This dual approach is useful for surveillance and for hypothesis generation on new emerging disease-exposure associations.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2010, Vol.67, No.3, p.178-186. Illus. 32 ref.
Programmed_health_surveillance_[BUY_THIS_ARTICLE] [en inglés]

CIS 12-0072 Macdonald E.B., Sanati K.A.
Occupational health services now and in the future: The need for a paradigm shift
Occupational health services (OHS) evolved in response to the needs of hazardous industries and on the premise that work was harmful. In the developed world, most of these industries have disappeared, and classical occupational diseases are uncommon. The evidence now is that most work is safe and safe work is good for health. Access to OHS is inconsistent, and there is no continuity of care for workers who move to another employer or leave work because of ill health. OHS therefore care for survivor populations and generally those in large enterprises who need OHS the least. From a societal viewpoint, OHS have not adapted to the evolving small business and more informal work sector. The health impact of long-term unemployment is large and the workless need access to the competencies of OHS. In the future, OHS should develop to meet the needs of the working-age population and to maximize the functional capacity.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 2010, Vol.52, No.12, p.1273-1277. Illus. 43 ref.
Occupational_health_services_now_[BUY_THIS_ARTICLE] [en inglés]

CIS 11-0630 Moriguchi J., Ikeda M., Sakuragi S., Takeda K., Muto T., Higashi T., Weel A.N., van Dijk F.J.
Activities of occupational physicians for occupational health services in small-scale enterprises in Japan and in the Netherlands
Occupational health service (OHS) for small-scale enterprises (SSEs) is still limited in many countries. Both Japan and the Netherlands have universal OHS systems for all employees. The objective of this survey was to examine the activities of occupational physicians (OPs) in the two countries for SSEs and to investigate their proposals for the improvement of service. Questionnaires on types and sizes of the industries they serve, allocation of service hours (current and desired) and sources of information for occupational health activities were mailed to 461 Japanese and 335 Dutch OPs. Responses were received from 107 Japanese and 106 Dutch physicians. Service conditions were not the same in the two countries. Nevertheless, both groups unanimously considered that employers are the key persons for the improvement of OHS, especially in SSEs and their education is important for better OHS.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2010, Vol.83, p.389-398. 28 ref.
Activities_of_occupational_physicians.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0607 Daud R., Ismail M., Omar Z.
Identification of competencies for Malaysian occupational safety and health professionals
Competencies of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals have become a concern due to the significance of safety management in the field of safety engineering. The purpose of this study was to identify competencies needed by OSH professionals for administrating and enforcing regulations related to OSH in Malaysia. It used a Delphi technique in three rounds of data collection. The results highlight 25 generic competencies with combinations of cognitive, interpersonal and intrapersonal competencies and 33 functional or specific competencies including knowledge and skills needed by OSH professionals. Both generic and functional competencies are also divided into threshold and differentiating competencies that would be used to differentiate average and excellent performance of OSH professionals.
Industrial Health, Nov. 2010, Vol.48, No.6, p.824-834. Illus. 30 ref.
Identification_of_competencies.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0509 Nicholson P.J., Mayho G.V., Roomes D., Swann A.B., Blackburn B.S.
Health surveillance of workers exposed to laboratory animal allergens
Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) remains prevalent among workers exposed to laboratory animals. Pre-placement and health surveillance procedures vary between different employers. The objective of this literature survey was to determine evidence-based strategies for pre-placement and periodic health assessments for workers exposed to laboratory animals. Based on the findings, it is recommended that laboratory animal workers should have a baseline health assessment that includes a health questionnaire, face-to-face assessment and spirometry. Identification of specific immunoglobulin E to common aero-allergens and to domestic and laboratory animal allergens may be used to identify workers who would benefit from further advice about managing their exposure, where risk assessment indicates that this might be prudent. Thereafter health surveillance should be performed by administering an appropriate health questionnaire, covering upper and lower respiratory, eye and skin symptoms on exposure, and wheals with animal scratches. The questionnaire should be administered at increased frequency for the first few years, the frequency being determined by a risk assessment. When workers develop new symptoms suggestive of LAA or where an asthmatic employee experiences deterioration either in symptoms or in control, they should be assessed further and a multicause multidisciplinary investigation performed.
Occupational Medicine, 2010, Vol.60, p.591-597. 50 ref.

CIS 11-0203 Aptel M., Gonon S., Larabi L., Bonneterre V., De Gaudemaris R., Paris C., Lasfargues G., et al.
Presentation of 2007 data of the National Network for the Vigilance and Prevention of Occupational Diseases (RNV3P)
Présentation des données 2007 du Réseau national de vigilance et de prévention des pathologies professionnelles (RNV3P) [en francés]
This article presents data for the year 2007 from the French National Network for the Vigilance and Prevention of Occupational Diseases (French acronym RNV3P), which analyses the main conditions for which experts from Occupational Pathology Consultation Centres (CCPPs) located within teaching hospitals were consulted and for which they diagnosed at least one possible occupational cause. For these health problems at work (HPW), 55% of patients were men and 45% women, with women on average younger than men. Mental disorders and behaviour concerned more than one HPW in four (27%). A relationship between, on one hand the main demographic variables (gender and age) or sector of employment and, on the other hand, occupational diseases, is demonstrated. Tumours were the most common diseases in patients aged more than 60 years, while skin diseases were the most frequent for those less than 30 years of age. According to CCPP physicians, over one third of patients diagnosed with HPW in 2007 were eligible for occupational disease compensation, mainly for diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and mental and behavioural disorders.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, Dec. 2010, No.124, p.423-441. Illus.3 ref.
TF_189.pdf [en francés]

CIS 11-0185 Villarejo D., McCurdy S.A., Bade B., Samuels S., Lighthall D., Williams D.
The health of California's immigrant hired farmworkers
Hispanic immigrant workers dominate California's hired farm workforce. Little is known about their health status; even less is known about those lacking employment authorization. The California Agricultural Workers Health Survey (CAWHS) was a statewide cross-sectional household survey conducted in 1999. Six hundred fifty-four workers completed in-person interviews, comprehensive physical examinations and personal risk behavior interviews. The CAWHS PE Sample is comprised mostly of young Mexican men who lack health insurance and present elevated prevalence of indicators of chronic disease: overweight, obesity, high blood pressure, and high serum cholesterol. The self-reported, cumulative, farm work career incidence of paid claims for occupational injury under workers compensation was 27% for males and 11% for females. The survey finds elevated prevalence of indicators of chronic disease but lack of health care access. Participants without employment authorization reported a greater prevalence of high-risk behaviors, such as binge drinking, and were less knowledgeable about workplace protection.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2010, Vol.53, p.387-397. 33 ref.

CIS 11-0183 Durand M.J., Corbière M., Briand C., Coutu M.F., St-Arnaud L., Charpentier N.
The factors related to prolonged work absences due to a transitory mental disorder - Development of a measurement tool
Les facteurs reliés aux absences prolongées du travail en raison d'un trouble mental transitoire- Développement d'un outil de mesure [en francés]
The objective of this study was to evaluate the obstacles to the return-to-work of persons having experienced mental health problems and extended absenteeism, and to design a diagnosis tool in the form of a physician-administered questionnaire, entitled "Diagnosis of the work handicap situation" (DWHS). A prototype of the DWHS was evaluated by clinicians. Findings are discussed.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2010. vi, 49p. Illus. 126 ref. Available only in downloadable electronic version (PDF format), free of charge.
R-674.pdf [en francés]

CIS 11-0220 Certin J.F.
Reducing the CMR (carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic) hazards: Follow-up of actions undertaken in enterprises
Réduction du risque CMR (cancérogènes, mutagènes et reprotoxiques): suivi des actions en entreprises [en francés]
This article consists of the full text of a guide aimed at occupational physicians for the follow-up of actions undertaken in enterprises to reduce the risk of exposure to carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic substances, including by means of substitution, collective protection measures and personal protection.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, Mar. 2010, No.121, p.111-118. Illus.
TP_9.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0644 de Clavière C., Faye S., Gonon S., Nérrière Catelinois E., Philippe S.
National network for the vigilance and prevention of occupational pathologies. Report of activities 2008-2009
Réseau national de vigilance et de prévention des pathologies professionnelles. Rapport d'activité 2008-2009 [en francés]
This report of activities of the French national network for the surveillance and prevention of occupational pathologies for 2008-2009 includes the description of the network and the presentation of the provisional 2001-2009 data collected by the Consulting centres for occupational pathologies, together with analyses and conclusions derived from these data.
Agence nationale de sécurité alimentaire, de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, 27-31 avenue du général Leclerc, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France. 2010. 153. Illus.
Réseau_national.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0635 Resumen del informe sobre incentivos económicos para mejorar la seguridad y la salud en el trabajo: análisis desde la perspectiva europea
Summary of the report on economic incentives to improve occupational safety and health: A review from the European perspective [en inglés]
Résumé du rapport sur les incitations économiques visant à améliorer la sécurité et la santé au travail: un compte rendu du point de vue européen [en francés]
Economic incentives in occupational safety and health (OSH) refer to processes that reward organizations which develop and maintain safe and healthy working environments. These processes may include, for example, linking the OSH performance of an organization to fiscal incentives such as lower insurance premiums or tax rates. These aspects are summarized in this fact sheet, also available in several other European languages.
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, Gran Vía 33, 48009 Bilbao, Spain, 2010. 2p. Illus. 3 ref.
Facts_95/EN.pdf [en inglés]
Facts_95/FR.pdf [en francés]
Facts_95/ES.pdf [en español]

CIS 10-0564 Franco G., Mora E., Perduri R.
Focusing ethical dilemmas of evidence-based practice in SMF-exposed MRI-workers: A qualitative analysis
The objective of this study was to analyze ethical dilemmas for occupational health physicians and other stakeholders involved in the implementation of a surveillance program in workers exposed to static magnetic fields (SMF) used in magnetic resonance imaging. The ethical analysis was carried out taking into account two elements: the stakeholders involved in the decision process and the ethical principles of beneficence, autonomy and justice, based on interviews of eight post-graduate in-practice physicians. Findings are discussed.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr. 2010, Vol.83, No.4, p.417-421. 15 ref.

CIS 10-0510 Moriguchi J., Ikeda M., Sakuragi S., Takeda K., Muto T., Higashi T., Weel A.N., van Dijk F.J.
Activities of occupational physicians for occupational health services in small-scale enterprises in Japan and in the Netherlands
Occupational health service (OHS) for small-scale enterprises (SSEs) is still limited in many countries. Both Japan and the Netherlands have universal OHS systems for all employees. The objective of this survey was to examine the activities of occupational physicians (OPs) in the two countries for SSEs and to investigate their proposals for the improvement of service. Questionnaires on types and sizes of the industries they serve, allocation of service hours (current and desired), sources of information for occupational health activities etc. were mailed in 2006 to 461 and 335 Japanese and Dutch OPs, respectively, who served in small- and medium-scale enterprises. Responses were obtained from 107 Japanese (23%) and 106 Dutch physicians (32%). Findings are discussed. Both groups unanimously considered that employers are the key persons for the improvement of OHS especially in SSEs and their education is important for better OHS.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr. 2010, Vol.83, No.4, p.389-398. 28 ref.
Activities_of_occupational_physicians.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0505 Arnaud S., Cabut S., Viau A., Souville M.H., Verger P.
Different reporting patterns for occupational diseases among physicians: A study of French general practitioners, pulmonologists and rheumatologists
Physicians can play an important role in the reporting of occupational diseases (ODs), which are still under-reported in many countries. This study aimed to identify physicians' difficulties in recognizing and reporting ODs and to study the characteristics of the physicians that do report ODs. A telephone survey was conducted in 2006-2007 among 391 general practitioners (GPs), 95 pulmonologists and 96 rheumatologists in Southeastern France, concerning their knowledge, attitudes and practice in occupational health. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were performed to study factors associated with the issue of medical certificates for the claim process. Findings are discussed. It is concluded that physicians, in particular GPs, should be encouraged to question patients on their working conditions and to become better acquainted with claim procedures. Physicians should also be provided with tools for identification of ODs that are suited to their practices, and collaboration with occupational physicians should be fostered.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Mar. 2010, Vol.83, No.3, p.251-258. 22 ref.

CIS 10-0318 Zalk D.M., Kamerzell R., Paik S., Kapp J., Harrington D., Swuste P.
Risk level based management system: A control banding model for occupational health and safety risk management in a highly regulated environment
The Risk Level Based Management System (RLBMS) is an occupational risk management (ORM) model that focuses occupational safety, hygiene, and health (OSHH) resources on the highest risk procedures at work. This article demonstrates the model's simplicity through an implementation within a heavily regulated research institution. The model utilizes control banding strategies with a stratification of four risk levels (RLs) for many commonly-performed maintenance and support activities, characterizing risk consistently for comparable tasks. RLBMS creates an auditable tracking of activities, maximizes OSHH professional field time, and standardizes documentation and control commensurate to a given task's RL. Validation of RLs and their exposure control effectiveness is collected in a traditional quantitative collection regime for regulatory auditing. However, qualitative risk assessment methods are also used within this validation process. Participatory approaches are used throughout the RLBMS process. Workers are involved in all phases of building, maintaining, and improving this model. This worker participation also improves the implementation of established controls.
Industrial Health, Jan. 2010, Vol.48, No.1, p.18-28. Illus. 39 ref.
Risk_level_based_management_system.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0371 Uchino A, Muto T., Muto S.
Occupational health and safety services for immigrant workers in Japanese workplaces
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to clarify the status of occupational safety and health services for immigrant workers, the barriers to employing immigrant workers and the needs of the managers in workplaces to keep immigrant workers healthy and safe. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 126 workplaces in a region of Japan in 2006. Findings show that the most important issue which the managers believed kept immigrant workers safe and healthy was health checkups (69.6%).
Industrial Health, Mar. 2010, Vol.48, No.2, p.231-235. 18 ref.
Occupational_health_and_safety_services.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0200 Verbeek J., van Dijk F., eds.
A practical guide for the use of research information to improve the quality of occupational health practice
Aimed at occupational physicians, this guide explains how the methods of clinical epidemiology and evidence-based medicine can be usefully applied to the field of occupational medicine. Contents: reasons for using research information; questions arising from medical practice; sources of information and research strategies; databases of interest to occupational health physicians; critical appraisal of research articles; application of research results in practice.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2010. 69p. Illus. 67 ref.
A_practical_guide.pdf [en inglés]
A_practical_guide.pdf [en japonés]

CIS 10-0046 Dellarechie C., Frimat P., Leclercq G.
Occupational health - New vision and future professions - Proposals for training and a research network aligned with its missions
La santé au travail - Vision nouvelle et professions d'avenir - Propositions pour des formations et un réseau de recherche en phase avec les missions [en francés]
Faced with the reality of the low level of attractiveness of occupational medicine among medical students and more broadly of the insufficient resources allocated to this field compared to those necessary to fulfill its regulatory mission, this report on the training of occupational health professionals and on the attractiveness of occupational health disciplines was commissioned by several French ministries. Following the interviews of around 100 persons, some 40 recommendations are presented.
Ministère du Travail, de la Solidarité et de la Fonction publique, 127 rue de Grenelle, 75009 Paris, France, 2009. 96p. Illus.
http://www.travail-solidarite.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Rapport-Dellacherie-Frimat-Leclercq-04-2010.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0013 Tompa E., Verbeek J., van Tulder M., de Boer A.
Developing guidelines for good practice in the economic evaluation of occupational safety and health interventions
One of the objectives of a workshop held in 2009 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands was to discuss methods for the economic evaluation of occupational safety and health interventions at the corporate and societal level. This article reviews the contributions made at the workshop and proposes framework principles and a set of recommendations to serve as the foundations for developing guidelines for good practices in this area.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 2010, Vol.36, No.4, p.313-318. 24 ref.

CIS 10-0012 Verbeek J., Pulliainen M., Kankaanpää E., Taimela S.
Transferring results of occupational safety and health cost-effectiveness from one country to another - A case study
There are a limited number of studies on the cost-effectiveness of occupational health and safety (OSH) interventions. Applying the results of a cost-effectiveness study from one country to another is hampered by institutional differences in national health care and social security systems. In order to find out how these problems can be overcome, this study transferred the results of a Dutch occupational cost-effectiveness study to the Finnish situation and vice-versa. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were calculated for the target country, allocating costs to employers, employees and taxpayers. It is concluded that results of cost-effectiveness studies can be transferred from one country to another, but many adjustments are needed. An extensive description of the intervention, a detailed list of resource use, allocation of costs to various parties and detailed knowledge of the health care systems in the original studies are necessary to enable calculations.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 2010, Vol.36, No.4, p.305-312. 17 ref.

CIS 10-0010 Uegaki K., de Bruijne M.C., Lambeek L., Anema J.R., van der Beek A.J., van Mechelen W.
Economic evaluations of occupational health interventions from a corporate perspective - A systematic review of methodological quality
The objective of this literature survey was to appraise the methodological quality of economic evaluations of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions conducted from a corporate perspective published in various OSH databases. A total of 37 articles were selected based on seven criteria addressing study population, type of intervention, comparative intervention, outcome, costs, language, and perspective. Only 44% of the studies met more than 50% of the quality criteria. Of the 19 quality criteria, eight were met by 50% or more of the studies. The overall methodological quality of the economic evaluations of OSH interventions from a corporate perspective was poor. As such, there is a risk of biased results. The quality of future evaluations needs to be improved to increase the validity of their conclusions and recommendations.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 2010, Vol.36, No.4, p.273-288. 60 ref.

CIS 10-0060 Occupational safety - Science and practice: Special issue
In this special issue published to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Polish Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute, the individual departments present their activities. Topics addressed: international cooperation; fighting noise and vibration; safety engineering; chemical and aerosol hazards; ergonomics; electromagnetic hazards and static electricity; personal protective equipment; safety and health management; education; testing laboratories; qualification of personnel; certification of products and management systems; supply and dissemination of information; publications; promotion; OSH assessment services.
Bezpieczeństwo pracy, 2010, p.1-64 (whole issue). Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 10-0080 Baur X.
Workshop on safe handling of imported containers
6. Workshop - Sicherer Umgang mit Import-Containern [en alemán]
Some 20% of all imported shipping containers in Germany are contaminated with important concentrations of hazardous substances. This article consists of a review of a workshop on the safe handling in ports of potentially-contaminated shipping containers, held in Hamburg, Germany, on 11 November 2009, which mainly addressed the issued of health hazards due to fumigation, residues and toxic chemicals. Topics addressed included: sampling and analysis techniques for potentially-contaminated containers; City of Hamburg regulations concerning minimum requirements for sampling and analysis; thermal desorption gas chromatography couples with mass spectroscopy; issues raised by fumigation; electronic methods of gas detection; Hamburg database for fumigated containers; testing the gas-tightness of cargo holds in bulk carriers.
Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, June 2010, Vol.60, No.6, p.184-185. Illus. 12 ref.

2009

CIS 11-0789 Reetoo N., Burrows J., Macdonald E.
Health and Safety Executive
Managing sickness absence and return to work: Trial and assessment of a sickness absence recording tool
The purpose of this project was to evaluate the utility of the Sickness Absence Recording Tool (SART) software in the context of other support services available to assist small and medium sized enterprises in their management of sickness absence. The evaluation used both qualitative and quantitative assessments. Of the 311 organizations that expressed interest in the project, 186 agreed to participate, 158 installed the SART application, 106 returned data to the research team and 74 submitted data for at least eight months. Findings are discussed and recommendations are made for further developments and improvements to the tool.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2009. ii, 158p. Illus. 22 ref.
RR_690.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0452 Braeckman L., Bekaert M., Cobbaut L., De Ridder M., Glazemakers J., Kiss P.
Workplace visits versus case studies in undergraduate occupational medicine teaching
The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness and acceptability of two active approaches in teaching occupational medicine to undergraduate medical students. Two training formats were compared in Belgium: in 2007, fourth-year students were sent on a workplace visit, and the next-year group discussed real life case studies. Students' perceptions were obtained by means of questionnaires. In both the groups, all learning objectives were equally achieved with the exception that awareness of risk factors and preventive measures was significantly higher in the group with workplace visits. However, students rated the case scenarios as more relevant. Until now, many training methods have not been fully investigated. This study demonstrates that depending on the interest, experiences, and resources of teachers, students, and universities, both worksite visits and case studies can be effectively applied in teaching occupational medicine.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 2009, Vol.51, No.12, p.1455-1459. 16 ref.

CIS 11-0483 Finkelstein E.A., Linnan L.A., Tate D.F., Leese P.J.
A longitudinal study on the relationship between weight loss, medical expenditures, and absenteeism among overweight employees in the WAY to health study
The objective of this study was to quantify the extent to which successful weight loss among overweight or obese employees translates into subsequent savings in medical expenditures and absenteeism. The analysis relied on medical claims and absenteeism data collected from overweight and obese employees at 17 community colleges in North Carolina, USA. There was no evidence that participants achieving at least a 5% weight loss experienced reduced medical expenditures or lower absenteeism during the 12-month weight loss intervention or in the subsequent two years. These results suggest that a quick return on investment from weight loss programs, even effective ones, is unlikely. Nevertheless, as with other employee benefit decisions, the decision about whether to offer weight loss programs should take into account many factors, such as employee health, in addition to the potential for a quick return on investment.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 2009, Vol.51, No.12, p.1367-1373. 14 ref.

CIS 11-0173 Kohstall T.
Quality in prevention - Effectiveness and efficiency of the prevention services of the Social Accident Insurance in Germany
The objectives of this project were: to develop a methodological concept for systematic presentation of comparable quality characteristics in occupational safety and health (OSH) which is flexible and can be adapted to the specific requirements of the individual social accident insurance institutions (with relevance to individual sectors and activities); to identify and review of indices (variables) for quality measurement; to record the status of quality, quality assurance and efficiency in occupational safety and health; to evaluate the OSH services with regard to their efficacy in terms of support/control of the in-plant prevention activity; to formulate recommendations for improvements; to present the success of preventive measures in terms of their benefits for employers and insured workers. It involved in-depth analyses of available documentation, together with investigations and consultations with the social accident insurance providers and users. Findings are discussed.
Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut Arbeit und Gesundheit (BGAG), Königsbrücker Landstrasse 2, 01109 Dresden, Germany, 2009, 110p. Illus.
Quality_in_prevention.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0663 Labrecque M., Cartier A., Malo J.L., Turcot J.
Comparison of two different approaches for identifying subjects with isocyanate occupational asthma
Comparaison de deux approches différentes pour identifier les sujets atteints d'asthme professionnel aux isocyanates [en francés]
Isocyanates are considered the main cause of occupational asthma (OA). To evaluate the severity of OA induced by these substances among Quebec workers, two groups of subjects were recruited, the first identified by a medical surveillance program, and the second receiving compensation from the Occupational Safety and Health Commission (French acronym CSST). Respiratory functional parameters were measured during the diagnosis and again two years later. It was found that subjects suffering from OA identified by a medical surveillance program are less seriously affected at the time of their diagnosis and that the clinical remission of patients is significantly higher after two years. The costs related to the sequelae of OA for which the CSST compensates workers are also significantly lower in the case of subjects detected early.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2009. vii, 23p. 22 ref. Price: CAD 5.25. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
Rapport_R-603.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0471 Hocking B., Landgren F.
Setting medical standards for safety critical workers
Medical standards for safety critical workers are widely used, but little has been published regarding the factors that should be taken into account when developing these standards. This article provides such information based on experience gathered in Australia. It also covers key considerations, including: recognizing the medico-legal environment; defining the inherent requirements of the job and then establishing the necessary health attributes and medical criteria; developing the necessary administrative procedures to support the standards; using a suitable process to encourage the involvement of all parties concerned.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, 2009, Vol.25, No.2, p.107-113. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 10-0172 Annual report 2009
Report on the activities of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health in 2008. Contents: Director General's review; impact of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health on occupational health and well-being at work; international activities; basic functions and key figures; awards; human resources; finances; administration.
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2009. 66p. Illus.
http://www.ttl.fi/en/fioh/planning_and_follow_up/Documents/TTL_vsk_2009_eng_netti_72dpi.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0166 Prevention Yearbook 2008-2009 - Acting together - in shaping prevention
Jahrbuch Prävention 2008-2009 - Gemeinsam handeln - Prävention gestalten [en alemán]
Yearbook of the German regulatory accident insurance institution (DGUV) for 2008-2009. It gives an overview of occupational safety and health activities during these two years, with examples of programmes and campaigns in kindergartens, schools, universities and enterprises, and provides information on the German joint OSH strategy, research projects and international projects.
Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung e.V. (DGUV), Mittelstrasse 51, 10117 Berlin, Germany, 2009, 100p. Illus.

CIS 09-1356 Gauron C.
Medicine and ionizing radiation: Data sheet aimed at helping hazard evaluation in exobuccal dentistry radiology
Médecine et rayonnements ionisants: fiche d'aide à l'analyse des risques en radiologie dentaire exobuccale [en francés]
Based on the findings of a survey conducted in the Ile-de-France region, a multidisciplinary working group developed a series of information sheets aimed at helping evaluate the hazards related to the use of radiology in dental services. This data sheet presents an overview of useful information applicable to exobuccal dentistry. Contents: personnel concerned; sequence of steps and filming; hazards; "ionizing radiation" hazard identification; hazard evaluation and determination of exposure levels; risk management strategies; evaluation of the risk management system; other hazards.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd Quarter 2009, No.119, p.291-297. 19 ref.
http://www.dmt-prevention.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/IntranetObject-accesParReference/TC%20127/$File/TC127.pdf [en francés]

CIS 09-1405 van Daalen G., Willemsen T.M., Sanders K., van Veldhoven M.J.P.M.
Emotional exhaustion and mental health problems among employees doing "people work": The impact of job demands, job resources and family-to-work conflict
This study investigated the relationship between various job characteristics and family-to-work conflict, and emotional exhaustion and mental health problems. Multiple regression analyses were performed using data from 1,008 employees of ten Dutch mental care institutions. It was found that different job characteristics as well as family-to-work conflict were associated with emotional exhaustion and mental health problems in each job type. The relationship between family-to-work conflict and emotional exhaustion was furthermore mitigated by social support from colleagues for those who worked in low patient interaction jobs. Other findings are discussed.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Feb. 2009, Vol.82, No.3, p.291-303. 65 ref.

CIS 09-944 Dreger M.
ACOEM guidance statement - HIV and AIDS at the workplace
This guidance statement of the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) addresses general issues of HIV and AIDS in the workplace. AIDS and HIV present tremendous challenges to infected individuals seeking to remain productive in the workplace, to employers coping with the special needs of such individuals and to physicians who treat and counsel exposed or infected personnel. Occupational physicians should strive to ensure that employers are familiar with legislation and guidelines protecting the rights of infected employees, and adopt workplace policies applying to employees with HIV infection or AIDS. Where there is potential for occupational HIV exposure, occupational physicians should assure that adequate training is provided concerning exposure, prevention and treatment.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 2009, Vol.51, No.2, p.243-250. 82 ref.

CIS 09-856 Ott M.G., Oberlinner C., Lang S., Hoffmann G., Nasterlack M., Pluto R.P., Trauth B., Messerer P., Zober A.
Health and safety protection for chemical industry employees in a rotating shift system: Program design and acute injury and illness experience at work
This article describes a comprehensive health protection programme for rotating shift employees adopted by a large German chemical enterprise, and evaluates its effectiveness in injury and illness prevention. For 14,128 shift and 17,218 day workers, occupational medical records were linked to job assignment records and studied over an 11-year period. Between 1995 and 2005, initiatives aimed at shift workers contributed to their greater participation in medical examinations and health seminar days by 59% and 100%, respectively, compared to day workers. Injury rates declined over time and with increasing employee age and were not elevated among shift workers compared to day workers. Clinic visit rates for acute illnesses were generally higher for day workers. Other findings are discussed.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 2009, Vol.51, No.2, p.221-231. Illus. 15 ref.

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