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2008

CIS 09-62 Talmage J.B., Hudson T.B., Hegmann K.T., Thiese M.S.
Consensus criteria for screening commercial drivers for obstructive sleep apnea: Evidence of efficacy
To validate the recently published consensus criteria for screening commercial drivers for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), a large sample of commercial drivers was screened for OSA at an occupational medicine clinic and those screening positive were referred for overnight polysomnography. Among the 1443 individuals drivers examined, 190 (13%) of screened positive for OSA. Of these, 134 underwent polysomnography and 94.8% had OSA. The proposed screening criteria were found to have a high predictive value in this population. This study lends further support for mandatory screening of commercial drivers for OSA.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2008, Vol.50, No.3, p.324-329. 9 ref.

CIS 09-105 Torp S.
How a health and safety management training program may improve the working environment in small- and medium-sized companies
The objective of this controlled intervention study was to investigate the effects of a two-year training programme in occupational safety and health (OSH) management for managers of small- and medium-sized companies. A total of 113 managers of motor vehicle repair garages participated in the training and another 113 garage managers served as a comparison group. The intervention involved participation by managers in four one-day OSH training seminars over a period of two years. The effects were measured using questionnaires sent before and after the intervention to the managers and blue-collar workers at the garages. The intervention group managers reported significantly greater improvement of their OSH management system than the managers in the comparison group.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2008, Vol.50, No.3, p.263-271. 38 ref.

CIS 09-96 Shibuya H., Hannerz H., Mikkelsen K.L., Cleal B., Gubba L.
Hospital contact due to injuries among male drivers working for road goods-transport contractors in Denmark
The objective of this study was to establish injury patterns among professional goods-transport drivers in Denmark. For each year from 1995 to 2003, the age-standardized hospital admission ratios for injury were calculated for male drivers. The reference population was the male skilled/semiskilled subpopulation of the general workforce in Denmark. No differences in the rate of injury-related hospital admission could be found until 1999. However, in the following period of 2000-2003, elevated rates of injury-related hospital admission were noted among goods-transport drivers compared with the reference population. Other findings are discussed.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1st Quarter 2008, Vol.21, No.1, p.59-66. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 09-61 Miyamoto M., Konno S., Gembun Y., Liu X., Minami K., Ito H.
Epidemiological study of low back pain and occupational risk factors among taxi drivers
A survey of Japanese taxi drivers was conducted to determine the prevalence and severity of low back pain (LBP) within this population. Drivers were asked to complete a questionnaire on anthropometry, demographic features, working conditions, health conditions and the presence and severity of low back pain. The total number of responses was 1334 (response rate 71%). The one-week prevalence of LBP was 20.5%. Among these subjects, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) averaged 4.3. There was a positive weak correlation between VAS and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire score. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between LBP and occupational risk factors. Risk factors were found to include a history of LBP, suffering from fatigue, diseases other than LBP and smoking.
Industrial Health, Mar. 2008, Vol.46, No.2, p.112-117. 16 ref.

CIS 09-94 Jensen A., Kaerlev L., Tüchsen F., Hannerz H., Dahl S., Nielsen P.S., Olsen J.
Locomotor diseases among male long-haul truck drivers and other professional drivers
Standardized hospitalization ratios (SHR) for various locomotor diseases of bus drivers, long-haul truck drivers and other truck drivers were compared with each other and with the general Danish working population. Intervertebral disc disorders were more common among professional drivers (SHR 119) and of similar magnitude for cervical and non-cervical disorders. Both long-haul truck drivers and bus drivers had higher SHR for intervertebral disc disorders (SHR 133 and SHR 141 respectively) than other truck drivers (SHR 109). The SHR for carpal tunnel syndrome was high among long-haul drivers (SHR 163) and for other truck drivers (SHR 130) compared to bus drivers (SHR 110). All drivers had high SHR for lesions of the ulnar nerve (SHR 159), especially bus drivers (SHR 197). Furthermore, long-haul truck drivers had high SHRs for synovitis and bursitis (SHR 150), in contrast to other truck drivers and bus drivers (SHR 103 and SHR 87 respectively).
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, July 2008, Vol.81, No.7, p.821-827. 33 ref.

CIS 09-233 Blondéelle A.
Psychosocial hazards - When good driving goes alongside good behaviour
Risques psychosociaux - Quand bien conduire rime avec bonne conduite [en francés]
This article presents the preventive measures against psychosocial hazards implemented by a public transport enterprise in the Paris region, faced with increasing incivilities and violence (physical and verbal abuse, damage to equipment). The measures include staff training in conflict management and communicating with young persons in schools and sport halls.
Travail et sécurité, July-Aug. 2008, No.686, p.46-47. Illus. 8 ref.
http://www.travail-et-securite.fr/ArchivesTS/archivests.nsf/(allDocParRef)/TS686page46_1/$File/TS686page46.pdf?OpenElement [en francés]

CIS 09-93 Richez J.P., Ravallec C., Chéron C.
Road transport of goods - Proper equipment to keep rolling
Transport routier de marchandises - Bien s'équiper pour rester dans le mouvement [en francés]
In the road transport of goods sector in France, nearly one worker in ten is the victim each year of an occupational accident involving loss of work time. This special feature on safety in the road transport of goods addresses the following topics: summary of accident statistics; logistics; cooperation between the sector and the regional occupational safety and health networks; refrigerated trucks; transport in mountainous regions; tank trucks.
Travail et sécurité, Apr. 2008, No.683, p.22-36. Illus.
http://www.travail-et-securite.fr/ArchivesTS/archivests.nsf/(allDocParRef)/TS683page22_1/$File/TS683page22.pdf?OpenElement [en francés]

CIS 09-120 Cohen H.J., Van Orden D.R.
Asbestos exposures of mechanics performing clutch service on motor vehicles
This study was conducted to assess historical asbestos exposures of mechanics performing clutch service on motor vehicles. Personal and area air samples were collected during the removal of asbestos-containing clutches from 15 manual transmissions obtained from salvage facilities by an experienced mechanic. Clutch plates and debris were analysed for asbestos using EPA and ISO published analytical methods. More than 100 personal and area air samples were collected and analyzed for asbestos fibres using NIOSH methods 7400 and 7402. A separate study involved a telephone survey of 16 automotive mechanics that began work prior to 1975. The incremental contribution of this task to mechanics' 8-hr time-weighted average (TWA) asbestos exposures was estimated to be 0.0016 fibres/cc, ranging from 3.75x10^-5 fibres/cc to 0.03 fibres/cc. The mean value of 0.0016 fibres/cc is below background levels of asbestos that have been reported in garages during this time and below the current OSHA PEL of 0.1 fibres/cc.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Mar. 2008, Vol.5, No.3, p.148-156. 28 ref.

CIS 09-172 Dolez P.I., Nohile C., Ha Anh T., Vu-Khanh T., Benoît R., Bellavigna-Ladoux O.
Exploring the chemical aspects of truck tire blowouts and explosions
Truck tire blowouts and explosions account for a non-negligible number of occupational accidents with severe outcomes particularly in the transportation industry. This literature review was aimed at identifying the different processes involved, with a special focus on the chemical aspects of the phenomena. Tire blowouts and explosions associated with heat input are the result of the contribution of the thermal expansion of the air inside the tire, the thermal weakening of the tire structure and chemical reactions including pyrolysis, thermo-oxidation and combustion, leading to the degradation of the tire polymer matrix. Findings also highlight the difficulties in trying to devise preventive and corrective measures against tire blowouts and explosions.
Safety Science, Nov. 2008, Vol.46, No.9, p.1334-1344. Illus. 37 ref.

CIS 08-1338 Copsey S., Schneider E., Holm L., Olkkonen S., Kurppa K., Danilina A., Pratt S., Lehtinen S.
Transport industry
Promyšlennost' otrasl' [en ruso]
Collection of articles on occupational safety and health in the transport sector of relevance to Russia and Nordic and Baltic countries. Contents: OSH and the transport sector; economic recovery in the transport sector in Sweden; cooperation for healthier working conditions among truck drivers in Finland; HIV/AIDS prevention in the road transport sector in Russia; global initiatives to prevent road traffic injury at work. Other topics: development of occupational health services; review of the XVIII World Congress on Safety and Health at Work (Seoul, Republic of Korea, 29 June - 2 July 2008).
Barents - Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, 2008, Vol.11, No.2, p.38-63 (whole issue). Illus. 19 ref.
http://www.ttl.fi/NR/rdonlyres/9AE91C9E-51B5-4C54-94CA-D9D00398B490/0/Barents_2_08.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 08-1428 Mayton A.G., Kittusamy N.K., Ambrose D.H., Jobes C.C., Legault M.L.
Jarring/jolting exposure and musculoskeletal symptoms among farm equipment operators
Vehicle vibration exposure has been linked to chronic back pain and low-back symptoms among agricultural tractor drivers. The objectives of this study were to assess driver whole-body vibration (WBV) exposures and recommend interventions to reduce the risk of back-related injuries, particularly relative to vehicle jarring/jolting. Field data and health and work history were collected from equipment operators carrying out various tasks with different models of tractors. Ninety-six percent of participants reported having to bend or twist their necks, 24% reported neck symptoms and 64% reported back symptoms. Recommendations included: specifying a seat that better isolates operators from jars/jolts; maintaining the seat suspension; replacing worn or damaged cushions; using larger diameter tires; using a swivel seat to reduce the stress on the neck; improving efforts to educate operators of the adverse effects of WBV exposures.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Sep.-Oct. 2008, Vol.38, No.9-10, p.758-766. Illus. 38 ref.

CIS 08-1335 Sagot F.
Transportation by commercial vehicles - From preparation to delivery
Véhicules utilitaires - De la préparation à la livraison [en francés]
Vehicles having a gross weight of less than 3.5 tons are often used by building finishing enterprises for reaching building sites with the necessary equipment and materials. Vehicle loading must be the object of planning, and safety rules concerning the equipment and maintenance of the vehicles, and road and on-site trips, must be adhered to.
Prévention BTP, June 2008, No.108, p.32-33. Illus.

CIS 08-1463 Seitz C.S., Bröcker E.B., Trautmann A.
Occupational allergy due to seafood delivery: Case report
Sensitization to fish or crustaceans requires intensive skin contact and/or airway exposure. This article presents the case of a truck driver delivering seafood for 10 years, and who neglected preventive measures such as wearing gloves and protective clothing. Despite his sensitization to fish and crustaceans, he tried to remain in his job but with ongoing allergen exposure: his symptoms progressed from initial contact urticaria to generalized urticaria, anaphylaxis and finally asthma. Among predisposed atopic individuals, even minor exposure to seafood allergens may lead to occupational allergy. With ongoing allergen exposure, progression to potentially life-threatening symptoms may occur.
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, May 2008, Vol.3, No.11, 3p. 14 ref.

CIS 08-1186 Shibuya H., Cleal B., Lyngby Mikkelsen K.
Work injuries among drivers in the goods-transport branch in Denmark
Goods transport drivers in Denmark have an elevated rate of hospital admission due to injury compared with the workforce in general. The aim of this study was to elucidate the causes of their work injuries. Data from the Danish National Work Injury Register were analysed for the period from 1993 to 2002. It was found that the vast majority (92.6%) of the work injuries among goods-transport drivers were sustained under non-traffic activities, namely collecting, loading, unloading, and delivering goods. Accidents included falls from heights (22.3%), overexertion (14.2%), being caught between or under objects (12.6%), colliding with objects (12.0%), slips and trips (10.6%) and strikes by falling objects (9.0%). The implications of these findings are discussed.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 2008, Vol.51, No.5, p.364-371. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 08-937 Marcotte P., Oddo R., Boutin J., Boilley R., Nélisse H., Boileau P.E., Drouin P., Sirard C., Daigle R.
Automobile repair industry - Characterization of the noise and vibration emitted by hand-held tools
Industrie de la réparation automobile - Caractérisation du bruit et des vibrations émis par les outils portatifs [en francés]
Workers in the automobile and heavy vehicle repair sector are exposed to high noise levels and to the vibration of their hand-held pneumatic tools, which can cause occupational deafness and hand-arm vibration syndrome. Although the vibration and sound emissions of these tools can be determined in the laboratory, they do not represent the exposure levels in actual work situations because the processes used do not take into account the noise and vibration produced by contact of the tool with the part being worked on. The objective of this study was to develop laboratory methods for characterizing the noise and vibration of the most common tools used in the automobile repair shops and to define means of reducing them. A questionnaire was addressed to 40 automobile mechanics, working with five types of hand tools; they were also interviewed. The tools were also evaluated with respect to their noise and vibration emissions in a laboratory test bench. Findings are discussed, and various recommendations are proposed, involving the selection and maintenance of the tools, the use of hearing protectors and adopting proper work postures.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2008. x, 97p. Illus. 16 ref. + CD-ROM. Price: CAD 10.50. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/R-554.pdf [en francés]

CIS 08-949 Bourret P.E., Martel S., Koutchouc M., Roux M.A., Gou M., Aubin C.E., Rancourt D.
Lift truck safety: Study on safety belt effectiveness
Sécurité des chariots élévateurs: étude de l'efficacité de la ceinture de sécurité [en francés]
This report summarizes the research work carried out since the early 1990s on the effectiveness of wearing a safety belt and other devices as protection for forklift truck operators in the event of a rollover. It describes the collaborative work carried among various institutions in Canada and France to determine the contribution to safety of various devices, including safety gates, armrests and seats with wings, combined or not with a pelvic safety belt. It turns out that the wearing of a safety belt alone or the presence of a full door, combined with a head protection system, is a good means of protection against most injuries that can result from the lateral rollover of forklift trucks. Research results refute the common belief that the wearing of a safety belt significantly increases the impact velocity of the body or the head on the ground. They also demonstrate that actions prescribed by the manufacturers, namely having both hands firmly on the steering wheel and bracing the feet against the cabin floor, contribute to safety, but do not ensure effective protection against serious injuries. It is recommended that the wearing of pelvic safety equipment be regulated and that the studies already begun on the modeling and dynamic testing of lift truck rollover be continued in order to evaluate the effectiveness of additional safety devices proposed for protecting forklift truck operators in the event of rollovers.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2008. vii, 127p. Illus. Bibl.ref. + CD-ROM. Price: CAD 12.60. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/R-541.pdf [en francés]

CIS 08-972 Mehta C.R., Gite L.P., Pharade S.C., Majumder J., Pandey M.M.
Review of anthropometric considerations for tractor seat design
This article reviews the existing information on the tractor seat design that considers anthropometric and biomechanical factors. The anthropometric dimensions of agricultural workers need to be taken into consideration for design of seat height, seat pan width, seat pan length, seat backrest width and seat backrest height of tractors. Based on anthropometric data of 5434 Indian male agricultural workers, the seat dimensions recommended for tractor operator's comfort were as follows: seat height of 380mm; seat pan width 420-450mm; seat backrest width 380-400mm (bottom) and 270-290mm (top): seat pan length 370±10mm, seat pan tilt of 5-7° backward and seat backrest height of 350mm.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, May-June 2008, Vol.38, No.5-6, p.546-554. Illus. 46 ref.

CIS 08-966 Raanaas R.K., Anderson D.
A questionnaire survey of Norwegian taxi drivers' musculoskeletal health, and work-related risk factors
A questionnaire survey was carried out among a sample of taxi drivers in Norway to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and to identify the related occupational risk factors One-year musculoskeletal pain prevalence (MSP) was assessed with the Nordic Questionnaire, and work-related factors with a questionnaire designed for the purpose. Responses were obtained from 929 drivers. Results show that taxi drivers have an elevated risk of musculoskeletal problems compared to a Norwegian reference population. When workload and lifestyle factors were taken into account, risk factors for MSP were identified as driving hours per shift and per week, sleeping in the car during rest breaks, experience of violence, body mass index, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical exercise and being employed as opposed to being self-employed. Women and non-western immigrants were also at higher risk.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Mar.-Apr. 2008, Vol.38, No.3-4, p.280-290. 38 ref.

CIS 08-607 Babin Katz D., Kaufman J.
New direction drives safety success at APAC-Missouri
This article presents the results of the implementation of a safety programme at a major road building contractor in the United States, based on rewarding behaviours rather than injury statistics which are often flawed because of underreporting. It is based on individual e-learning, coupled with incentives for completing each module. Eleven months from the launch of the programme, the company's reportable injury rates, serious injuries, fleet incidents and claims cost per man hour were reduced by 63%, 75%, 70% and 90% respectively from the previous year.
Occupational Hazards, Jan. 2008, p.42-49. Illus.

CIS 08-686 Trombetta Zannin P.H.
Occupational noise in urban buses
The noise level for urban bus drivers in Curitiba (Brazil) was evaluated in three types of buses: bi-articulated, speedy, and feeder. Measurements were made in 20 buses of each type. Bi-articulated buses are formed by three sections and two articulations. They operate in reserved lanes and stop at specific stations. Speedy buses operate in regular streets across the city, but they stop at fewer stations than other buses. Feeder buses operate normally in the whole city and call at all bus stops. The evaluation of noise levels in the workplace of bus drivers was performed according to ISO and Brazilian Standards. In 56 out of the 60 buses examined, the normalized noise exposure levels were below 82dB(A). The overall quality of the workplace was thus considered acceptable. Other findings are discussed.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Feb. 2008, Vol.38, No.2, p.232-237. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 08-524 Got everything covered?
This poster provides practical tips to protect workers from the hazards of isocyanate exposure during spray-on truck bedliner applications. These tips include wearing a supplied-air respirator, using shields with peel-off visors, wearing chemical resistant protective clothing and gloves, ensuring that the ventilation system is operating correctly, washing hands and face after each spraying and consulting a doctor in case of shortness of breath or skin irritation.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-2001, USA, Jan. 2008. 1p. Illus.
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2008-109/pdfs/2008-109.pdf [en inglés]

2007

CIS 10-0246 Iavicoli I., Bocca B., Carelli G., Caroli S., Caimi S., Alimonti A., Fontana L.
Biomonitoring of tram drivers exposed to airborne platinum, rhodium and palladium
The aim of this study was to evaluate urinary levels of platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh) and palladium (Pd) in occupationally exposed subjects. A total of 122 healthy male subjects were studied, including municipal tram drivers and 58 control subjects. There were statistically significant differences between urinary Pt and Rh levels among exposed subjects and controls, while no difference in Pd levels was observed. Urinary concentrations of Pt and Rh, though still low, could be of some concern among workers heavily exposed to urban car traffic.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 2007, Vol.81, No.1, p.109-114. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 09-1330 Devi S.S., Biswas A.R., Biswas R.A., Vinayagamoorthy N., Krishnamurthi K., Shinde V.M., Hengstler J.G., Hermes M., Chakrabarti T.
Heavy metal status and oxidative stress in diesel engine tuning workers of central Indian population
The objective of this study was to assess the oxidative stress due to heavy metal exposure. Exposed populations were selected from a diesel engine tuning station in India, while controls were taken from the same local area but without occupational exposure. There were no statistically significant differences in heavy metal concentrations in the blood and urine of exposed versus unexposed subjects. However, exposed workers exhibited higher antioxidant status in terms of serum glutathione-S-transferase activity, malondialdehyde level and catalase activity. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 2007, Vol.49, No.11, p.1228-1234. Illus. 43 ref.

CIS 09-698 Orlandelli C.M., Vestrucci P.
Systematic comparison between risks associated with road transport and occupational activities
Confronto sistematico tra rischio associato ai trasporti ed alle attività produttive [en italiano]
The purpose of this study was to provide a quantitative and comparative assessment of road risks associated with road transport and occupational driving. The approach consisted in retrieving historical series of data and developing detailed models enabling the data to be expressed in events per hour and rates of injuries and fatalities per millions of hours spent on the road. It was thus possible to directly compare occupational and road transport data showing that in both sectors, the introduction of new stringent accident prevention regulations have lead to a considerable reduction in accident frequencies and severity. The risks in the road transport sector remain higher than those in occupational driving, suggesting that one should invest proportionately more on prevention in the former than in the latter.
Prevenzione oggi, 2nd quarter 2007, Vol.3, No.2, p.47-62. Illus. 15 ref.
http://prevenzioneoggi.ispesl.it/pdf%5Cric2007_02_3_it.pdf [en italiano]
http://prevenzioneoggi.ispesl.it/pdf%5Cric2007_02_3_en.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 09-208 Jorgensen M.J., Kittusamy N.K., Aedla P.B.
Repeatability of a checklist for evaluating cab design characteristics of heavy mobile equipment
This study assessed the repeatability of a cab design checklist developed to verify various characteristics that can influence exposure to risk factors for musculoskeletal discomfort. The ability of the checklist to identify posture-related deficiencies of design was also assessed. The checklist was used by two administrators across 10 pieces of heavy construction equipment. Video analysis was performed to quantify postures of the neck, shoulder, and trunk; correlation analysis was used to determine whether specific questions from the checklist were associated with the identification of awkward postures. The repeatability assessment resulted in kappa coefficients ranging from 0.52 to 1.0 (good-to-excellent reproducibility) across each piece of equipment, and an overall kappa coefficient of 0.77 (excellent reproducibility) when considering all equipment together.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Dec. 2007, Vol.4, No.12, p.913-922. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 09-117 Bello D., Sparer J., Redlich C.A., Ibrahim K., Stowe M.H., Liu Y.
Slow curing of aliphatic polyisocyanate paints in automotive refinishing: A potential source for skin exposure
Polyurethane paints containing aliphatic isocyanates used in automobile body spray painting can cause asthma, and skin exposure may be an important route of sensitization. Automobile body workers are frequently in contact with recently painted and dried auto parts. It is not known how fast the newly-painted car surfaces are fully cured. To address this question, sections of auto bodies were painted and dried by automobile body shop painters following regular practice. It was found that unbound isocyanate species remained present on the majority of painted surfaces for up to 120 hours for typical paint formulations and for one month in some cases. Such surfaces are an under-recognized potential source of skin exposure to automobile body workers.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, June 2007, Vol.4, No.6, p.406-411. Illus. 26 ref.

CIS 08-1352 Wilson S., Tyers C.
Health and Safety Executive
An evaluation of the local authority programme joint authorisation pilot project: Transfer of enforcement responsibilities in the motor vehicle repair and dry-cleaning sectors
During 2006, HSE ran a pilot project which involved handing over inspection responsibilities from HSE in two industrial sectors, motor vehicle repair and dry-cleaning, to a City Council. This report examines the effect of this project. It consists of two parts: firstly, an assessment of the way in which the pilot programme was delivered, the way in which inspectors were supported, the challenges they faced and the successes they experienced; a second part consists of an impact evaluation and a costs and benefits analysis, which investigates the extent to which the service resulted in a cost-effective improvement of outcomes. Overall, the pilot project demonstrated that given some training, local authority labour inspectors were capable of taking on inspection tasks that until now were enforced by the HSE.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2007. x, 77p.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr586.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 08-1168 Inaba R., Mirbod S.M.
Comparison of subjective symptoms and hot prevention measures in summer between traffic control workers and construction workers in Japan
A survey on heat-related subjective symptoms and protection measures against heat during outdoor work in summer was conducted among 204 traffic control workers and 115 construction workers, all male, in Japan. Their workloads were estimated at relative metabolic rates of 1-2 and 2-4, respectively. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on age, occupational career, working habit, present or past history of diseases, individual preventive measures to the heat, and subjective symptoms during summer. Findings are discussed. Some preventive countermeasures to improve working conditions in outdoor work environments are presented.
Industrial Health, Jan. 2007, Vol.45, No.1, p.91-99. Illus. 33 ref.

CIS 08-1053 Ulvestad B., Randem B.G., Andersson L., Ellingsen D.G., Barregard L.
Clara cell protein as a biomarker for lung epithelial injury in asphalt workers
This study investigated whether asphalt workers showed signs of lung epithelial injury as shown by increased Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) in serum after six months of exposure. Asphalt pavers, asphalt plant operators and engineers from a large Norwegian road construction and repair enterprise underwent lung function tests and blood sampling before the start and at the end of the road working season. Blood samples were analysed for concentration of CC16 and interleukin-6 (IL-6). After adjustment for smoking, pavers had a significantly larger increase in CC16 concentration after the season as compared with that of engineers and plant operators. Among pavers, changes in serum CC16 were correlated with those of IL-6. CC16 increases over the season in pavers and appears to be a useful biomarker for lung epithelial injury in exposed workers.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 2007, Vol.49, No.10, p.1073-1078. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 08-943 Falls from vehicles: An underestimated problem
Chutes depuis un véhicule: un problème sous-estimé [en francés]
Vehicles at rest involve a risk of falls from heights whenever drivers are required to climb, descend, load or unload. This article addresses the risk factors of falls from vehicles, responsibilities of employers and the precautions to be taken for avoiding these types of accident.
Objectif prévention, Dec. 2007, No.447, p.1-3. Illus.

CIS 08-889 Automobile body shop worker
Le carrossier [en francés]
Contents of this occupational information sheet on the job of automobile body shop worker: related occupations; description; place of work; work organization; tasks; tools and equipment; products, materials and persons concerned; work clothing; work and health. It is concluded that this occupation results in the exposures of workers to high physical strain with cardiac cost, to work postures and repetitive tasks that can lead to musculoskeletal diseases, to paints and solvents that can cause respiratory problems, and to noise and carbon monoxide.
Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 1st Quarter 2007, Vol.47, 2p. Insert.

CIS 08-864 Organa Z.
Analysis and assessment of occupational hazards at automobile repair shop workplaces
Analiza i ocena ryzyka zawodowego na stanowisku mechanika samochodowego [en polonés]
The tasks carried out by mechanics in automobile repair shops are described in a table, together with the physical workload, environmental conditions and occupational hazards involved for each task. A list of applicable standards is included.
Przyjaciel przy Pracy, May 2007, No.5, p.14-17. Illus.

CIS 08-619
Ministerio de sanidad y consumo
Salud y condiciones de trabajo en el transporte de mercancías por carretera
This publication presents the findings of a questionnaire survey on the state of health and conditions of work in the sector of the transport of goods by road carried out in Spain in 2005, with the participation of 1129 employed or self-employed truck drivers. Furthermore, based on the responses, an analysis was carried out of the factors influencing health in this sector, together with a study of safety and health organization and protective measures implemented within the enterprises. The questionnaire is included in an appendix.
Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 2007. 240p. Illus.
http://www.isciii.es/htdocs/centros/medicinadeltrabajo/pdf/Salud_y_Condiciones_de_Trabajo_Transporte_de_Mercancias_por_Carretera.pdf [en español]

CIS 08-331 Aptel M., Aublet-Cuvelier A., Waldura D.
Risk of musculoskeletal disorders among bus drivers: A true problem
Le risque de troubles musculosquelettiques chez les chauffeurs de bus: une réalité [en francés]
This literature survey evaluated the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among urban transport bus drivers. It concludes that lumbar column MSDs are caused by a combination of biomechanical risk factors that are both chronic (rotation of the torso, vibrations, etc.) and acute (false moves, carrying of loads), as well as psychosocial factors and the design of their driving cabs. This observation is obvious for low back pain but it is less clear for cervical column pain. Furthermore, the mapping of the risk factors reveals a pattern that is consistent with the hypotheses used to explain MSDs. Given the importance of the situational context for determining the role of each risk factor, it is justified to set up epidemiological surveillance networks in this sector of activity.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd Quarter 2007, No.111, p.335-347. Illus. 20 ref.
http://www.dmt-prevention.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/IntranetObject-accesParReference/TF%20161/$File/TF161.pdf [en francés]

CIS 08-455 Giraud L., Koutchouk M., Dubé P.A, Gratton L.
Safety on loading docks
La sécurité aux quais de transbordement [en francés]
This safety information leaflet contains a check-list of 30 simple questions to determine whether the handling operations on loading docks are safe. It also explains the three main hazards associated with trailers at loading docks (unexpected moving, slipping, overturning), and proposes measures for the safe anchoring of trailers to prevent each of these hazards.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2007. 8p. Illus. 15 réf.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/RF-502.pdf [en francés]

CIS 08-482 Baclet R., Gouillon B., Hella F., Jagodzik J.P., Jardin F., Marc R., Palka T., Foulon D., Giraud B.
On-board electronic systems (OESs) - Prevention of occupational hazards in the transport of goods by road
Systèmes d'informatique embarquée (SIE) - Prévention des risques professionnels dans le transport routier de marchandises [en francés]
The transport of goods by road is a sector that is subject to strong constraints, requiring enterprises to rationalize their activities. On-board electronic systems (OESs) are often described as being tools that can efficiently handle these multiple constraints, thereby improving the profitability of the enterprise. The purpose of this guide is to help project managers and persons responsible for occupational safety and health in their approach to the implementation of OES systems. It also warns against the possible hazards resulting from the use of these new technologies and provides several suggestions for their prevention.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Apr. 2007. 20p. Illus. 22 ref. Price: EUR 4.10. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_catalog_view_view/B2BDD5F30D159333C12572C900380F6A/$FILE/ed6006.pdf [en francés]

CIS 08-430 Mouthon M., Werlé R., Petit J.M.
Vehicles powered by natural gas - Working safely
Véhicules fonctionnant au gaz naturel - Intervenir en sécurité [en francés]
Given the current concerns with respect to environmental protection and energy conservation, the European Union estimates that by 2020, alternative energies will represent 20% of automotive fuel consumption, of which compressed natural gas (CNG) will account for half. Persons working on such vehicles in garages, repair and maintenance workshops, and automobile recycling units will need to take the characteristics CNG vehicles into account and follow a number of specific safety rules. After an introduction on the basic properties of CNG, this guide goes on to present the main precautions and recommendations to be adopted for safe work on CNG vehicles.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Apr. 2007. 35p. Illus. 11 ref. Price: EUR 6.10. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_catalog_view_view/BAEB3C2E3EE14AD4C12572C90037F45B/$FILE/ed6003.pdf [en francés]

CIS 08-134 El carrocero
Le carrossier [en francés]
El carrocero realiza diversos trabajos de reparación de vehículos accidentados, desmontando los elementos dañados y restaurándoles su forma original o sustituyéndolos. Este trabajo se caracteriza por la realización de intensos esfuerzos físicos y la exposición a diferentes sustancias químicas (solventes, grasas, polvos de lijado, humos de soldadura, adhesivos y pinturas). En el sumario de esta ficha medico-profesional: descripción de la profesión; centros de trabajo; organización del trabajo; tareas; herramientas y equipos de trabajo (características de los riesgos, efectos sobre la salud, prevención); productos; materiales y personas expuestas (características de los riesgos, efectos sobre la salud, prevención); ropas de trabajo; salud laboral
Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 2007, Vol.47, No.1, 2p. Insert.

CIS 08-224 Prasołek Ł.
Modificaciones de los límites de tiempo de trabajo de los conductores en 2007
Zmiany w czasie pracy kierowców w 2007 r. [en polonés]
Se presenta las reglamentaciones de la Unión Europea y de Polonia relativas al límite de horas de conducción, junto con las modificaciones introducidas el 1 de febrero de 2007 sobre los tiempos de conducción, las pausas y los períodos de descanso. Se comentan las disposiciones de la reglamentación polaca a la luz del Reglamento 561/2006/CE relativo a la armonización de determinadas disposiciones de la legislación social en el campo de los transportes por carretera
Monitor Prawa Pracy, May 2007, No.5, p.241-246.

CIS 08-3 Reglamento de 2007 sobre el transporte de mercancías peligrosas y la utilización de equipos presurizados portátiles [Reino Unido]
The carriage of dangerous goods and use of transportable pressure equipment regulations 2007 [United Kingdom] [en inglés]
Esta reglamentación del Reino Unido sobre el transporte de mercancías peligrosas por carretera o ferrocarril ha entrado en vigor el 1 de julio de 2007. En ella se transponen las Directivas 2006/89/CE y 2006/90/CE que tratan del transporte de productos peligrosos por ferrocarril en la legislación del Reino Unido. Además, tiene en cuenta el Acuerdo europeo de 2003 sobre transporte de mercancías peligrosas por carretera (ADR 2003). Asimismo, actualiza y sustituye a diversas reglamentaciones del Reino Unido, incluido el Reglamento de 2004 sobre el transporte de mercancías peligrosas y la utilización de equipos presurizados portátiles. (ver CIS 03-1521)
The Stationery Office, PO Box 29, Norwich NR3 1GN, United Kingdom, 2007. 79p. Price: GBP 12.80. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2007/20071573.htm [en inglés]

CIS 08-170 La recirculación es un factor clave para la mejora del control de los polvos en las cabinas de conducción aisladas
Recirculation filter is key to improving dust control in enclosed cabs [en inglés]
La sobreexposición a polvos respirables de sílice puede provocar enfermedades respiratorias debilitantes, si no mortales. Los trabajadores afectos a la perforación y a la conducción de maquinas, como bulldozers, palas cargadoras y camiones, en las minas a cielo abierto, frecuentemente están expuestos a polvos de sílice. Las cabinas de conducción dotadas de sistemas de calefacción, ventilación y acondicionamiento de aire generalmente están integradas en la maquinaria de minería para proteger a los operarios frente al ambiente exterior. El Insitito nacional americano de seguridad y salud en el trabajo (NIOSH) ha examinado, en el laboratorio, diversos sistemas de filtrado del aire de las cabinas de conducción para evaluar su rendimiento en materia de protección contra los polvos. En esta nota informativa se resumen las conclusiones. Se ha observado que el rendimiento de filtrado depende de la eficacia de los filtros de aire, del flujo aéreo a través de los filtros, de la carga de empolvamiento de los filtros, de las fugas de aire exterior alrededor de la entrada del filtro y de la penetración del viento en la cabina
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-2001, USA, Oct. 2007. 2p. Illus.
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/pubs/pdfs/2008-100.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 07-1450 Yantek D.S., Ingram D.K., Matetic R.J.
Reducción del ruido en las cabinas de perforadoras rotatorias accionadas por aire comprimido
In-cab noise reduction on an air-rotary drill rig [en inglés]
Un estudio reciente ha concluido que el nivel sonoro en las cabinas de conducción de las perforadoras rotatorias accionadas por aire comprimido superaban los 85dB(A). El Instituto Nacional para la Seguridad y la Salud en el Trabajo (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH) ha examinado el nivel de ruido en la cabina de una maquina de este tipo. Las mediciones preliminares se efectuaron, en un ambiente controlado, mediante acelerómetros y micrófonos, seguidas de análisis del espectro sonoro, a fin de determinar las fuentes dominantes del ruido. Posteriormente se han efectuado ensayos sobre el terreno para evaluar las medidas de atenuación sonora susceptibles de disminuir los niveles de ruido en las cabinas. Se observó que los supresores de ruido hidráulicos permitían atenuar el ruido transmitido por las estructuras. Junto con un mejor aislamiento contra el ruido, estas medidas han permitido disminuir el nivel sonoro en 4 dB
Noise Control Engineering Journal, May-June 2007, Vol.55, No.3, p.294-310. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 07-1186 Sagot F.
Señalización temporal, seguridad permanente
Signalisation temporaire, sécurité permanente [en francés]
Los requisitos reglamentarios relativos a la señalización temporal de las obras de carreteras son complejos y están en constante evolución. Este dossier trata de la prevención de los riesgos durante la construcción de carreteras, tanto para los automovilistas como para el personal de las obras, mediante una señalización adecuada, moderna y conforme a la reglamentación
Prévention BTP, Feb. 2007, No.93, p.38-47. Illus.

2006

CIS 08-701 Scott A., Miller M., Hallas K.
Health and Safety Executive
The underlying causes of falls from vehicles associated with slip and trip hazards on steps and floors
The objective of this project was to establish the underlying reasons for slip, trip and fall accidents to professional drivers. Work involved examining and measuring various types of vehicles, measuring the slipperiness of a variety of surfaces, interviewing drivers and managers, and conducting focus group sessions to confirm the interview findings and consider how falls from vehicles can be reduced. Contents: background; methodology; results and discussion (large goods vehicles, vans, forklift trucks); wider influences affecting driver behaviour; footwear; conclusions and recommendations. Appendices include measurements and test data, slipperiness assessment test methods, interview and focus group schedules, and the HSE approach to the assessment of slip risk.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. x, 73p. Illus. 27 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr437.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 08-707 Scarlett A.J., Reed J.N., Semple D.A., Seward P.C., Stockton A.D., Price J.S.
Health and Safety Executive
Operator roll-over protection on small vehicles
This study was conducted to investigate issues surrounding the mounting of Roll-Over Protective Structures (ROPS) to small vehicles in the 300-600kg mass range primarily used in amenity, turf care and estate maintenance applications. Of particular interest was the potentially detrimental effect of ROPS installation upon small vehicle lateral stability, and the suitability of ROPS performance test criteria for application to small vehicles. Work involved computer-based dynamic simulation modelling, validated by practical roll-over trials. Roll-over behaviour was investigated, with particular respect to the onset of vehicle lateral instability and energy levels likely to be absorbed by the vehicle ROPS during the overturn event. Findings are discussed. It is concluded that appropriately-engineered conventional ROPS are suitable for application to small vehicles.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. viii, 73p. Illus. 13 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr432.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 08-337 Oliver L.C., Miracle-McMahill H.
Airway disease in highway and tunnel construction workers exposed to silica
Workers employed in the construction of a tunnel were exposed over an 18-month period to respirable crystalline silica at concentrations that exceeded the OSHA permissible exposure limit. The present study examines workplace exposures and occurrence of airway disease in these workers. Medical and occupational histories and chest radiographs were obtained on 343 workers who had worked on the site during the period in question. Chest radiographs were interpreted according to the ILO-1980 system of classification. Questionnaire responses allowed the identification of symptoms consistent with asthma, chronic bronchitis, shortness of breath and physician-diagnosed asthma (current vs. not current). Relationships between these symptoms and several specific tasks were examined. No cases of silicosis were found on chest X-ray. Overall prevalence of chronic bronchitis, symptoms consistent with asthma, shortness of breath and physician-diagnosed asthma was 10.7%, 25%, 29%, and 6.6%, respectively. A healthy worker effect is suggested. Other findings are discussed.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Dec. 2006, Vol.49, No.12, p.983-996. 41 ref.

CIS 08-405 Calvo Sigüenza M., Mañas Lahoz J.L., París García M. L., Serrano Bazaco J.
El ADR 2007: descripción de los cambios más relevantes introducidos
This article comments the main changes introduced in the 2007 version of the European Agreement on the International Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) (for an earlier version, see CIS 05-02). Changes involve new provisions, various amendments and the removal of certain requirements.
Prevención, Oct.-Dec. 2006, No.178, p.48-59. Illus.

CIS 08-364 Beaurain G., Lesage J., Hennion A., Jagoury G., Blard Y., Livenais F., Rives P., Lyet G., Le Brech A.
Tyre maintenance and replacement operations - Safety guide
Opérations d'entretien et de remplacement des pneumatiques - Guide de sécurité [en francés]
The maintenance and replacement of tyres for automobiles and trucks involves occupational hazards. This guide has been designed to provide the basis for implementing an occupational safety and health policy, but also as a tool to promote good practices in this sector of activity.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Sep. 2006. 76p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: EUR 8.20. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_catalog_view_view/99F94728367F7AF1C12571EF0026D39C/$FILE/ed961.pdf [en francés]

CIS 08-207 Vaxelaire S., Petit C., Felten E., Evard G., Rivallain J.P., Börner C.
Riesgo de conducción en carretera durante el trabajo
Le risque routier en entreprise [en francés]
En Francia, exceptuando los accidentes in itínere, los desplazamientos de carácter profesional por carretera fueron responsables del 28,5% de los accidentes de trabajo mortales a lo largo del año 2005. Este número, dedicado al riesgo del trafico rodado de carácter profesional, contiene entrevistas, opiniones y experiencias de diversos responsable y expertos (un responsable de seguridad vial, el jefe de un proyecto del INRS acerca del riesgo de la carretera, el director de riesgos profesionales de una compañía aseguradora, el secretario de un comité de higiene, seguridad y condiciones de trabajo de una gran empresa y el responsable de prevención de una empresa aseguradora alemana)
Réalité Prévention, Dec. 2006, No.13, p.1-12 (whole issue). Illus.

CIS 08-205 McCann M.
Muertes provocadas por maquinaria pesada y camiones en excavaciones
Heavy equipment and truck-related deaths on excavation work sites [en inglés]
Este estudio analiza las causas de muertes en que estaban implicados maquinaria pesada y camiones durante trabajos de excavación, a partir de los datos de 253 fallecimientos producidos en Estados Unidos entre los años 1992 y 2002. Un 63% de los trabajadores fallecidos eran conductores de maquinaria pesada y trabajadores de la construcción. Las palas cargadoras y los camiones estaban implicados en la mitad de las muertes. Las causas principales de los fallecimientos entre los trabajadores de a pie o de mantenimiento era en choque violento con las cargas o con piezas de las maquinas pesadas. Se proponen diversas medidas de seguridad
Journal of Safety Research, 2006, Vol.37, No.5, p.511-517. 16 ref.

CIS 07-1317 Tepper A.L., Burr G.A., Feng H.A., Singal M., Miller A.K., Hanley K.W., Olsen L.D.
Síntomas agudos asociados a la exposición a humos de asfalto entre trabajadores de pavimentación de calzadas
Acute symptoms associated with asphalt fume exposure among road pavers [en inglés]
Aunque el carácter irritante de los humos de asfalto es bien conocido, los estudios anteriores acerca de los síntomas agudos entre los trabajadores que realizan tareas de reparación de calzadas son contradictorios. Entre los años 1994 y 1997, el Instituto Nacional Americano para la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (NIOSH) ha evaluado la exposición y la salud de los trabajadores en siete localizaciones situadas en siete Estados. Se midió la exposición de los trabajadores a los compuestos aromáticos policíclicos totales (PT) y solubles en benceno (PSB), así como a otras sustancias. Asimismo, se efectuaron mediciones de la capacidad vital forzada. A todos los trabajadores, tanto si estaban expuestos como si no, se les pasaron cuestionarios sobre sintomatología, antes de comenzar el turno de trabajo, cada dos horas durante el turno y una vez finalizado este. Se observaron correlaciones estrechas entre los síntomas de irritación y la exposición a PT y a PSB, aun a concentraciones inferiores a 0,5mg/m3. Se comentan otras observaciones de este estudio
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 2006, Vol.49, No.9, p.728-739. Illus. 28 ref.

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