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  • Waste collection and disposal

1988

CIS 89-1338 Ditz D.W.
The risk of hazardous waste spills from incineration at sea
A critical assessment is presented of the risk of spills from hazardous waste incineration aboard ocean going vessels. The likelihood of spills is estimated on the basis of recent domestic and worldwide chemical tanker experience. The probability of a spill is significant for projections of future ocean incineration demand. The severity of spills is explored using mathematical models of chemical transport and fate. This analysis is site specific and presents upper and lower bounds on the average pollutants concentration from spills of polychlorinated biphenyls in Mobile Bay (Gulf of Mexico). Severe impacts on the water quality and marine life in this region would result from spills of less than the capacity of a single incineration vessel. Some inherent uncertainties in the analysis of these risks bear strongly on the reliability of the programme, the adequacy of contingency plans, and current libiliaty requirements.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Feb. 1988, Vol.17, No.2, p.149-167. Illus. 43 ref.

CIS 89-1271 Carpenter B.H., Wilson D.L.
Technical/economic assessment of selected PCB decontamination processes
Eleven emerging alternative treatments for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contaminated sediments were compared and ranked using technical performance, status of development, test and evaluation data needs, and cost as factors. In ranking the processes, weights were assigned the factors to emphasise the extent of decontamination, the estimated cost of treatment, and the versatility of the process. The emerging treatment processes are based on 6 technologies: one on low-temperature oxidation (1); 2 on chlorine removal (2); 1 on pyrolysis (3); 3 on removing and concentrating (4); 1 on vitrification (5); and 3 on microorganisms (6). Types of technologies not developed are chlorinolysis, stabilising, and enzymes. The treatment processes were ranked in the order from highest to lowest: KPEG (2), LARC (2), Acurex (4), Bio-Clean (6), Supercritical water (1), Advanced Electric Reactor (3), Vitrification (5), OHM Extraction (4), Soilex (4), Composting (6), and Dybron Bi-Chem 1006 (6). The 1st 8 processes show potential for reduction of PCB concentrations to the desired background levels (1-5ppm) or less, with minimum environmental impacts and low to moderate cost. All the technologies except the advanced electric reactor required further development and testing.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Feb. 1988, Vol.17, No.2, p.125-148. 88 ref.

CIS 89-718 Regulation concerning batteries harmful to the environment [Sweden]
Förordning om miljöfarliga batterier [en sueco]
Contents of regulation SFS 1986:1236, as modified by SFS 1988:994: general provisions; labelling (with samples shown for mercury and nickel-cadmium batteries); collection of used batteries; obligations to inform; expenses; supervision, responsibility and appeals.
In: Kemiska produkter - Lag och förordningar, Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 3rd ed., 1989, p.86-89. Illus.

CIS 89-1019 Bennett N.M.
Disposal of medical waste
This leading article in a medical journal discusses the problem of medical waste disposal in connection with potential dangers of exposure to HIV and Hepatitis B virus. In the United States (and in most parts of Australia), it is not usually considered practical or necessary to treat all waste contaminated with body fluids as infectious, even though it is possible for AIDS and Hepatitis B to be transmitted by contact of infected blood with mucous membranes or inflamed uncovered skin. It is recommended that waste contaminated heavily with blood, such as used blood packs, disposable blood-suction sets, placentas and sanitary napkins, be labelled appropriately in order to warn staff members involved in waste disposal procedures.
Medical Journal of Australia, 17 Oct. 1988, Vol.149, No.8, p.400-402. 13 ref.

CIS 89-204 Hitcho P., Tipton D., Fracassi F.
Mobile boot wash for hazardous waste sites
A detailed drawing provides all the information necessary to construct this washing station.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1988, Vol.49, No.8, p.A 504-A 505. Illus.

1987

CIS 03-342 Martin W.F., Lippitt J.M., Prothero T.G.
Manual sobre residuos peligrosos para la salud y la seguridad
Hazardous waste handbook for health and safety [en inglés]
Este manual facilita consejos prácticos a los responsables de gestionar los programas de salud y seguridad laboral en instalaciones de desechos peligrosos, y presenta datos útiles sobre la protección de los trabajadores que se ocupan de limpiar las instalaciones y el derrame accidental de productos químicos. Principales temas abordados: riesgos inherentes a las instalaciones de residuos peligrosos; planificación y organización; caracterización de las instalaciones; vigilancia del aire; equipo de protección personal; control de la instalación y métodos de trabajo; descontaminación; intervenciones de urgencia; programa de vigilancia médica; formación.
Butterworth Publishers, 80 Montvale Avenue, Stoneham MA 02180, USA, 1987. ix, 470p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index.

CIS 96-1271 Normas para evitar, limitar y destruir los residuos de plaguicidas en las fincas
Guidelines for the avoidance, limitation and disposal of pesticide waste on the farm [en inglés]
Directives sur la façon d'éviter, de limiter et d'éliminer les déchets de produits phytosanitaires à la ferme [en francés]
Estas normas, elaboradas por la asociación internacional de la industria agroquímica, se dirigen a todas aquellas personas involucradas en el trabajo con los residuos de pesticidas en el sector agrícola y se publicaron con motivo del Año Europeo del Medioambiente. En el sumario: cómo evitar los residuos de pesticidas; eliminación de los residuos de pesticidas; medidas de higiene y seguridad.
Groupement international des associations nationales de fabricants de produits agrochimiques (GIFAP), ave. Louise 143, 1050 Bruxelles, Bélgica, 1988 (ed. inglesa, 1987). 44p. Ilus.

CIS 90-1076
Ministérios do Plano e da Administração do Território e da Indústria e Comércio
Regulation of 4 May 1987 concerning residues from manufacturing industries [Portugal]
Regulamento sobre resíduos originados na indústria transformadora [en portugués]
This regulation deals with the environmental aspects to be considered during the elimination of industrial waste. Contents: definitions; treatment of waste; recuperation of waste materials and regeneration from waste; materials excluded (hospital waste, used oil, used tyres, motor vehicle bodies); waste elimination; incentives for the introduction of recuperation and regeneration activities; penalties for non-compliance.
Diário da República, 4 May 1987, I Série, No.101, p.1844-1847.

CIS 90-251 Armour M.A., Browne L.M., Weir G.L.
Hazardous chemicals information and disposal guide
This guide presents disposal methods for over 350 chemicals and families of chemicals. For each substance the following data are given: physical properties; fire hazard; chemical properties, hazardous reactions, physiological properties and health hazards, spillage disposal; waste disposal reaction for spillage and waste disposal; references.
University of Alberta, Department of Chemistry, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada; Terochem Laboratories Ltd., P.O. Box 8188, Station F, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6H 2P1; 1987. 463p. Bibl. Price: USD 25.00.

CIS 89-1595 May W.
Strategies for recognising gases released from trucks carrying dangerous or hazardous substances, from hazardous waste disposal sites, and accidents and fires
Strategievorschläge zum Erkennen möglicher Gasgefahren beim Transport gefährlicher Stoffe, auf Sondermülldeponien, bei Unfällen und Bränden [en alemán]
The stain tubes for identifying gases escaping from (1) accidents and fires involving chemicals, (2) metal degreasing operations with trichloroethane and (3) plastics converting, are listed. They were selected on the basis of experiences gained to date. In each case an explosimeter is employed as well. In addition, air samples are drawn for more detailed analyses.
Drägerheft, Sep.-Dec. 1987, No.339, p.7-17. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 89-1291 Rahkonen P., Ettala M., Loikkanen I.
Working conditions and hygiene at sanitary landfills in Finland
Airborne dust at sanitary landfills in Finland was analysed to determine the concentrations of total dust, heavy metals and bioaerosols. Attention was also paid to the workers' contact exposure to bacteria, their noise exposure and to the spreading of bioaerosols during spray irrigation with leachate. Results showed that dust concentrations depended on the quantity and quality of refuse, traffic, working of the landfill compactor and the weather. The highest concentrations of dust and bacteria were measured at the biggest landfills in warm, windy weather in August. Concentrations and exposures were otherwise not very high. Because of the occasionally high concentrations of bacteria in the working air of the landfill, the stopper should try to work upwind and use a mask when needed. In summer dust concentrations could be decreased by irrigation of the refuse terrace with leachate. Pressurised air in the cabin and filtration of inflowing air would prevent the penetration of dust into the cabin. Attention paid to the health of the workers by the occupational health service has been inadequate.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 1987, Vol.31, No.4A, p.505-513. 12 ref.

CIS 89-984 Kessler M., Korn M., Drysch K., Schmahl F.W.
Noise area: domestic refuse collection
Lärmbereich Hausmüllabfuhr [en alemán]
Sound level measurements showed the presence of impulse noise. Equivalent sound levels range between 92 and 95dB(A). Audiometric examinations showed that half of the refuse collectors suffered low to severe hearing losses. Noise-reducing devices have been already developed for some garbage trucks. Special attention should be given to the fitting of older equipment.
Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz, Prophylaxe und Ergonomie, 1987, Vol.37, No.2, p.34-39. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 89-221 Maltezou S.P.
Workshop on hazardous materials/waste management, industrial safety in chemical industry and emergency planning: Guidelines for Governments and industry - A plan of action for UNIDO
Summaries are presented of about 65 addresses and papers given at the workshop (22-26 June 1987, Vienna, Austria) and the recommendations of the panel of experts. The topics included the technologies in waste control and reduction; risk assessment and management; developing countries' experiences, problems and prospects; industrial safety and training and the legal framework; water resource management; research on selected waste management technology. Recommendations concerned policies and institutional issues; environmental management issues; application of clean technology; plant operation issues; emergency planning and response; training and development of human resources.
United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Wien, Austria, Aug. 1987. 58p.

CIS 88-2035
Health and Safety Executive
Disposal of explosives waste and the decontamination of explosives plant
These guidelines cover: basic requirements for waste disposal; disposal and destruction methods; disposal of explosive devices; facilities and equipment for disposal; waste collection; plant decontamination; fire precautions; glossary; suggestions for disposal of common explosives; categories for segregation of explosives.
HM Stationery Office, 49 High Holborn, London WCIV 6HB, United Kingdom, 1987. 14p. Price: GBP 3.00.

CIS 88-1627 Forster M.J.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [United Kingdom]
Detailed analysis of British legislation concerning the transport of non-nuclear toxic or dangerous waste. Contents: definition of dangerous materials; summary of obligations imposed on producers and carriers of hazardous waste, and on those who dispose of such materials; planning permission for hazardous development; special provisions relating to transport by rail, road and sea; liability in contract and in tort law.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 97p. Bibl. Price: ECU 8.10, BEF 350.00, GBP 5.90, IEP 6.30, USD 9.00.

CIS 88-1626 van Veen F.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [Netherlands]
Contents of this survey of Dutch legislation concerning the transport of hazardous goods, substances and wastes: annotated list of all laws and regulations in the Netherlands; legal criteria for determining the scope of laws and regulations; classification; legal obligations on producers and carriers and on those who dispose of harmful waste; legal and administrative provisions applicable to means of transport, loading and unloading, accidents, notification forms, documents accompanying shipments and tasks to be performed by public authorities; special provisions on transfrontier shipments; systems of liability (civil and criminal); assessment of existing legal arrangements. Sample declaration forms (in Dutch) are given in the appendix.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 121p. Price: ECU 10.50, BEF 450.00, NLG 25.00.

CIS 88-1625 Hannequart J.P.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [Luxembourg]
La législation sur le transport des déchets dangereux [Luxembourg] [en francés]
This commented survey of Luxembourg legislation concerning the transport of dangerous wastes covers: list of relevant laws and regulations; classification and definitions; obligations of producers, carriers and of those who dispose of dangerous wastes; safety rules during transport; the role of government authorities; special rules on trans-border shipment; civil and criminal responsibility.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 10p. Price: ECU 4.70, BEF 200.00, FRF 32.00.

CIS 88-1624 Conetti G., Corbino M.L., Guglielmucci L.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [Italy]
Normativa relativa al trasporto dei detriti pericolosi [en italiano]
Detailed analysis of Italian legislation, covering: inventory of laws and regulations of the field (transport by road, rail, sea and internal waterways); jurisdictional criteria for the application of laws and regulations; classification of dangerous goods, substances and waste; legal obligations of producers and carriers of hazardous wastes and of those who dispose of such substances; legal and administrative measures concerning means of transport, loading and unloading, dangerous incidents, notification and other official forms, the activities of public authorities and transborder shipping; civil and criminal responsibility; evaluation of present-day legislation. In the appendix: full text of relevant pieces of legislation - Law No.915 or 10 Sep. 1982 concerning the implementation of CEC directives 75/442 on wastes, 76/403 on the elimination of PCBs and polychloroterphenyls and 78/319 on toxic and dangerous wastes; Ordinance of the Interministerial Committee of 13 Sep. 1984 concerning the elimination of waste (containing, among others, a list of maximum allowable concentrations); and Regional Law of 5 Apr. 1985 of the Autonomous Region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia concerning the elimination of wastes.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 135p. 26 ref. Price: ECU 11.60, BEF 500.00, ITL 16,700.

CIS 88-1623 Lynch M., Scannel Y.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [Ireland]
This survey of Irish legislation concerning the transport of hazardous goods, substances and waste consists of 3 main chapters (road transport, rail transport, sea transport), each covering: list of relevant laws and regulations; classification of hazardous substances; legal and administrative provisions; specific provisions regarding transfrontier shipment; civil and criminal liability; assessment of legal arrangements. A short chapter is also devoted to inland waterway transport.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 58p. Price: ECU 7.00, BEF 300.00, GBP 5.10, IEP 5.40, USD 8.00.

CIS 88-1622 Gomard B., Skovby L.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [Denmark]
Lovgivning vedrørende transport af farligt affald [en danés]
Survey of Danish legislation concerning the transport of dangerous wastes. Contents: safety rules; criminal and civil liability; preventive measures; insurance. In the appendix, we find the full text of: The "Baltic Sea" Convention of 1980 concerning the transport of dangerous goods; NSAB document No.85 concerning the shipping of dangerous goods within the Nordic countries; sample forms for the declaration and certification of dangerous goods being transported; sample materials safety data sheets; list of relevant Danish laws.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 137p. 22 ref. Prix: ECU 10.50, BEF 450.00, DKK 82.00.

CIS 88-1621 Baltes T.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [Federal Republic of Germany]
Die gesetzlichen Bestimmungen über den Transport gefährlicher Abfälle [en alemán]
This survey of legislation in the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the transport of dangerous goods and wastes covers: annotated list of relevant laws and regulations; classification of dangerous goods and wastes; obligations of producers and carriers; legal and administrative provisions; provisions concerning transborder shipping; civil and criminal liability.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 88p. Price: ECU 8.10, BEF 350.00, DEM 17.00.

CIS 88-1620 Hannequart J.P.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The law relating to transport of dangerous wastes [Belgium]
La législation sur le transport des déchets dangereux [Belgique] [en francés]
Commented survey of Belgian legislation on the transport of dangerous wastes. Contents: inventory of laws and regulations; obligations of producers and carriers; rules on circulation, loading and unloading, accidents, transport documents; tasks of government agencies; special rules on transborder shipping; legal responsibilities (civil and criminal). In the appendix: list of international conventions signed by Belgium; sample document forms.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1987. 121p. Price: ECU 9.30, BEF 400.00, FRF 64.00.

CIS 88-982 Paull J.M., Rosenthal F.S.
Heat strain and heat stress for workers wearing protective suits at a hazardous waste site
Heart rates, oral temperature and environmental parameters were measured for five unacclimatised male workers (25-33 years of age) who performed sampling activities during hazardous waste clean-up operations. The protective ensembles included laminated PVC-Tyvec chemical resistant hood suits with rubber boots, gloves, full facepiece dual cartridge respirators and hard hats. For comparison, measurements also were performed when the men worked at a similar level of activity while they wore ordinary work clothes. Wearing the suits imposed a heat stress equivalent to adding 6° to 11°C (11° to 20°F) to the ambient WBGT index. A similar result was obtained by calculating the WBGT in the microclimate inside the suits and comparing it to the ambient WBGT. There exists a significant risk of heat injury during hazardous waste work when full body protective clothing is worn, and present threshold limit values for heat stress must be lowered substantially before extending them to cover workers under these conditions.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1987, Vol.48, No.5, p.458-463. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 88-540 Crushing and grinding of combustible substances. Safety evaluation of substances to be crushed. On-site preventive measures. Testing and checking of substances to be crushed
Broyage des substances combustibles - Evaluation de sécurité des substances à broyer. Mesures de protection des installations de broyage. Tests de contrôle des substances à broyer [en francés]
Translation of Cahier No.5, 2nd enlarged and updated edition, 1987, Chemische Rundschau. The aim of this paper is to describe the nature of the hazards involved in the crushing and grinding of combustible solids in the chemical industry and to help to define these hazards by means of safety tests designed to evaluate the properties of substances to be crushed or ground. It briefly outlines the preventive measures possible in the light of current knowledge and makes a contribution to the definition of decision-making criteria for the implementation of such measures.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 4th Quarter 1987, No.129, Note No.1649-129-87, p.535-552. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 88-272 Exner J.H.
Solving hazardous waste problems: learning from dioxins
The topics of the 31 papers in this symposium (13-18 Apr. 1986, New York, USA) included: perspectives on hazardous wwaste problems related to dioxins; global distribution of dioxins and dibenzofurans; national study in the USA; animal toxicity studies and recommendations for humans; effects of dioxins; risk assessment of exposure (environmental chemistry, destruction, physical constants, mobility, bioavailability from contaminated soils); risk evaluation (epidemiology, human breast milk levels, uncertainties in risk assessment, potential human health hazards); risk management: social factors (in Missouri, in the Federal Republic of Germany, in military sites); risk management: technology (mapping of contamination, analytical support, air monitoring, surface cleaning, removal from waste water, pyrolysis, photochemical methods, radiofrequency heating, biodegradation, chemical degradation).
American Chemical Society, Book and Journals Division, 1155 16th Street, N.W., Washington D.C. 20036, USA, 1987. 397p. Illus. Bibl. Indexes. Price: USD 95.95.

CIS 88-271 Wagner K., Wetzel R., Bryson H., Furman C., Wickline A., Hodge V.
Drum handling manual for hazardous waste sites
This is a technical guidance manual on planning and implementing safe and cost-effective methods. It covers: selection of drum handling methods; location, detection and inventory of drums; site preparation; air monitoring and inspections for determining drum integrity; excavation, removal, and on-site handling of drums; drum staging, opening, and sampling; waste consolidation and recontainerisation; interim storage and transportation; on-site containment options for buried drums. A hazardous waste compatibility chart is included.
Noyes Data Corporation, Publicity Department, Mill Road at Grant Ave., Park Ridge, NJ 07656, USA, 1987. 177p. Illus. Bibl. Appendix. 95 ref. Price: USD 36.00.

CIS 87-1347 Colen M.S.
Regulation of hazardous waste transportation: Federal, State, Local, or all of the above
Administrative rulings (inconsistency rulings) and judicial determinations of preemption of state and local government regulations concerning the transportation of hazardous materials by US federal regulations were analysed. Transportation of both radioactive substances and other hazardous materials are considered. The methodology utilised was analysis on an issue-by-issue basis. Background on federal regulations and the criteria used for preemption decisions are presented. Considerations relevant to federal entities, including the DoE, DoD, state and local governmental entities, and transporters of hazardous materials are discussed. It is concluded that the Congress has failed to make a sufficient effort to resolve interjurisdictional differences.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, May 1987, Vol.15, No.1-2, p.7-56.

CIS 87-1295 Mozzon D., Brown D.A., Smith J.W.
Occupational exposure to airborne dust, respirable quartz and metals arising from refuse handling, burning and landfilling
Industrial hygiene investigations were conducted at a refuse derived fuel (RDF) burning plant, a refuse transfer station and 3 municipal landfill sites during the warmer and drier seasons of the year. Asbestos and PCBs were not detected in any of the bulk samples taken. Quartz content of the bulk samples varied from 8% to 31%. Except for the boiler grate inspector and the precipitator cleaner at the RDF burning plant, exposure to airborne metals was not excessive at the sites tested. One personal sample at a landfill site for total dust exceeded 10mg/m3 out of a total of 18 personal and area samples. Significant exposure to respirable quartz was found at all the sites (up to 0.20mg/m3). Respirable quartz exposures in excess of the NIOSH criteria concentration of 0.05mg/m3 were found in 3 out of 7 personal samples at the RDF burning plant, 2 out of 3 personal samples at the refuse transfer station and 6 out of 9 personal samples taken at the 3 landfill sites.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1987, Vol.48, No.2, p.111-116. Illus. 11 ref.

1986

CIS 89-217 Grisham J.W.
Health aspects of the disposal of waste chemicals
This report of an executive scientific panel on uncontrolled disposal covers: introduction and background; waste chemicals of major concern; factors influencing human exposure; assessment of health effects; epidemiology of exposed populations; factors in risk assessment; chemical exposure health studies; disposal site health studies; international aspects of chemical waste disposal; conclusions and recommendations. Synopses of all selected chemicals are given.
Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523, USA, 1986. 454p. Illus. Bibl. Price: USD 85.00.

CIS 88-1628 Pedersen J.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
Safety aspects of hazardous wastes: Proceedings of a Round Table, Dublin, Nov. 27-29 1985
Aspects de sécurité des déchets dangereux: actes de la Table ronde organisée à Dublin du 27 au 29 nov. 1985 [en francés]
Eighteen papers presented at a conference. Of interest for OSH professionals are: The development of standards for the management of environmental, public, and occupational health (E.E. Finnecy); Transportation of toxic and dangerous goods, substances and wastes (W. D. Gehrmann); Risks to operators in hazardous waste disposal (R.C. Keen); Safety aspects relating to industrial waste disposal plants (J.P. Lachèvre); Safety aspects related to centralisation of hazardous waste (M. Palmark); Safety aspects of waste management (F. van Veen).
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1986. 456p. Illus. Bibl. Price: ECU 34.00, BEF 1500.00, GBP 21.10, IEP 24.20. Not microfiched.

CIS 88-1608 Castegnaro M., Sansone E.B.
Chemical carcinogens - Some guidelines for handling and disposal in the laboratory
The safe handling, storage and transportation of carcinogens and the disposal of harmful wastes are discussed and the minimum requirements for a storage and handling room are presented. Topics included are: hazards in handling (identification, spillage problems, staff protection, the room and its equipment) and disposal and spillage treatment (aflatoxins, N-nitrosamines, N-nitrosamides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrazines, aromatic amines, halo ethers, antineoplastic agents).
Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co., Heidelberger Platz 3, Postfach, 1000 Berlin 33, 1986. 97p. Illus. 193 ref. Price: DEM 19.80.

CIS 88-1064
Institut für Kommunalwirtschaft, Dresden
Occupational safety and health, fire protection. Public sanitation. Collection of municipal solid wastes and selected solid industrial wastes [German Democratic Republic]
Gesundheits- und Arbeitsschutz, Brandschutz. Stadtreinigung. Abfuhr fester Siedlungsabfälle und ausgewählter fester industrieller Abprodukte [en alemán]
This standard, effective 1 Feb. 1988, starting from a definition of trucks and containers used, covers safe behaviour during refuse collection, including safe transport, handling and dumping with regard to the various types of containers.
Verlag für Standardisierung und Standardversand, Postfach 1068, 7010 Leipzig, German Democratic Republic, May 1986. 5p.

CIS 87-1432 Pesticide container disposal
This booklet outlines steps for rinsing containers prior to disposal. Pressure spray nozzles are illustrated and their use is described. Rinsing efficiency of some major pesticides and the effects of rinsing factors are shown. The lack of danger in subsequent use of the containers in landfills is explained.
Canadian Agricultural Chemicals Association, 116 Albert St., Suite 710, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 5G3, Canada, no date. 12p. Illus.

CIS 87-889 Asbestos - Safe removal and treatment: Code of practice and training manual
This code of practice for the safe removal and treatment of asbestos in the United Kingdom deals with: procedure on the discovery of suspected hazardous asbestos material; control limits and guidelines for airborne asbestos dust; cleanliness; keeping visitors safe; sampling procedures; selection of removal method; removal and disposal; protective clothing and equipment; control plant (vacuum and negative-pressure units); hygiene facilities; enclosure of the working area (sheeting and tenting); entry and exit procedures during removal operations; medical examinations and surveillance; information for safety representatives; functions and activities of contractors; work within intrinsically hazardous areas and confined spaces. The contents and programme for a suggested training course are also given. Important subsidiary information is given in the appendices, including a sample permit to work certificate and suggested layout of statutory labels for asbestos waste receptacles.
Local Authorities Accident Prevention and Safety Services Training Course, County Hall, London SE1 7PB, United Kingdom, 1986. 1 loose-leaf binder. Price: £65.00 (includes updates and postage).

CIS 86-1863 Melius J.M.
Medical surveillance for hazardous waste workers
The efforts to clean up hazardous waste disposal sites have led to an increasing number of workers involved in these activities. Industrial hygiene surveys have demonstrated that these workers are potentially exposed to low levels of multiple contaminants for very short time periods. Personal protective equipment and work practices are important components in protecting workers from these exposures. Medical monitoring for these workers is problematic. While monitoring for the potential health effects of these multiple exposures may be useful, any attempt to monitor for possible health effects of all potential exposures could lead to a long array of medical tests. The utility and effectiveness of this approach is doubtful. Screening for a worker's physical ability to conduct hazardous waste cleanup jobs while he is wearing protective equipment is also important and may cause difficulties due to limited knowledge in this area. These issues will be discussed in the context of various programmes designed to monitor these workers.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1986, Vol.28, No.8, p.679-683. 17 ref.

1985

CIS 99-1992 Castegnaro M., Barek J., Dennis J., Ellen G., Klibanov M., Lafontaine M., Mitchum R., Van Roosmalen P., Sansone E.B., Sternson L.A., Vahl M.
Descontaminación de los laboratorios y destrucción de las sustancias cancerígenas contenidas en los residuos que en ellos se generan: algunas aminas aromáticas y 4-nitrobifenilo
Laboratory decontamination and destruction of carcinogens in laboratory wastes: Some aromatic amines and 4-nitrobiphenyl [en inglés]
Temas tratados: aminas aromáticas; 4-nitrobifenil; metilenebis (2-cloroanilina); dimetoxibencidina; dimetilbencidina; 1-naftil-amina; 2-naftilamina; 3,3'-diclorobencidina; 4-aminobifenil; bencidina; 2,4-diaminotolueno; control de la polución; CIRC; descripción técnica; eliminación de residuos peligrosos; manuales; sustancias cancerígenas; trabajo de laboratorio.
Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer (CIRC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, Francia, 1985. 85p. Ilus. 88 ref.

CIS 99-1991 Castegnaro M., Adams J., Armour M.A., Barek J., Benvenuto J., Confalonieri C., Goff U., Ludeman S., Reed D., Sansone E.B., Telling G.
Descontaminación de los laboratorios y destrucción de las sustancias cancerígenas contenidas en los residuos que en ellos se generan: algunos agentes antineoplásicos
Laboratory decontamination and destruction of carcinogens in laboratory wastes: Some antineoplastic agents [en inglés]
Temas tratados: semustina; merfalán; carmustina; cisplatina; estreptozotocina; daunomicina; adriamicina; ciclofosfamida; 6-mercaptopurina; clorozotocina; vincristina; metotrexato; CIRC; control de la polución; descripción técnica; eliminación de residuos peligrosos; manuales; medicamentos anticancerosos; sustancias cancerígenas; trabajos de laboratorio.
Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer (CIRC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, Francia, 1985. 163p. Ilus. 201 ref.

CIS 95-2191 Suess M.J.
Gestión de los residuos sólidos - Temas elegidos
Solid waste management - Selected topics [en inglés]
Esta publicación está basada en los resultados de dos grupos de trabajo y de un seminario que tuvieron lugar entre 1972 y 1977, cada grupo dedicándose a un aspecto específico de la gestión de los residuos sólidos. En el sumario: modelo de código de directivas para la eliminación de residuos sólidos en tierra firme (planificación, selección de lugares e investigación, tipos de residuos aceptados para el rellenado de sumideros y restauración final); fabricación de abono (aplicaciones diversas, tratamiento y fabricación mecánicos, consideraciones sobre la prevención, pruebas realizadas con el abono obtenido); incineración (tipos de residuos, principios de la incineración, selección de lugares, restricciones medioambientales y económicas); residuos de procedencia animal (excrementos, manutención y transporte, métodos de tratamiento físico y biológico).
Bureau régional de l'OMS pour l'Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Dinamarca, 1985. xiv, 210p. Ilus. Ref.bibl. Precio: CHF 15,00.

CIS 95-2202 Gestión de los residuos procedentes de hospitales y centros de salud
Management of waste from hospitals and other health care establishments [en inglés]
Informe de un grupo de trabajo sobre el tratamiento de residuos hospitalarios que se reunió en Bergen, Noruega, del 28 de junio al 1 de julio de 1983. En el sumario: categoría de residuos y procedencia; riesgos profesionales y riesgos para la salud; impacto de los residuos procedentes de los centros de salud sobre la salud humana y el medio ambiente; manutención de los residuos, almacenamiento y transporte; tratamiento de residuos y métodos de eliminación; residuos radioactivos; planificación de la gestión de los residuos sanitarios; formación y supervisión; consideraciones legales, administrativas y económicas. Resúmenes en francés, alemán y ruso.
Bureau régional de l'OMS pour l'Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Dinamarca, 1985. iv, 61p. 28 ref. Precio: CHF 7,00.

CIS 90-776 Asbestos removal
Training material aimed at instructors and developed jointly by the United Auto Workers labour union and General Motors Co. Many practical exercises. Contents: requirements for training effectiveness; a "course map"; generalities (what is asbestos, diseases caused by it, medical surveillance, asbestos permits); identification of asbestos in the workplace; respiratory protection; collecting laboratory samples; personal protective equipment; decisions to deal with asbestos (removal, encapsulation, encasement, inspection and surveillance); isolation; removal procedures; cleanup; decontamination.
UAW-GM Human Resource Health and Safety Training Center, 29815 John R., Madison Heights, MI 48071, USA, 1985. 76p. Illus.

CIS 89-1373
Health and Safety Executive
Safety in the use of refuse compaction vehicles
This guidance note provides basic information on the operation of refuse compaction vehicles. It illustrates the record of serious injury at these machines as known to the Health and Safety Executive between 1977 and 1984. It describes the hazards that have been identified as a result of these serious injuries and the remedial measures which are required to prevent similar accidents in the future, gives advice on supervision, instruction and training as well as on the maintenance of the refuse compaction vehicles.
HM Stationery Office, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, Oct. 1985. 12p. Illus.

CIS 89-716 Regulation concerning harmful waste [Sweden]
Förordning om miljöfarligt avfall [en sueco]
Regulation dealing with the safe transportation, disposal, export and import of the following types of harmful waste: petroleum products; solvents; dyes and varnishes; glues; strong acids and bases; waste containing cadmium, mercury and many other metals; waste containing cyanides and PCBs; pesticides; laboratory wastes.
In: Kemiska produkter - Lag och förordningar, Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 3rd ed., 1989, p.78-82.

CIS 89-218 Porteous A.
Hazardous waste management handbook
This handbook written for government officials, resource planners, waste management engineers and environmentalists covers a wide range of topics from site selection and assessment to the physical aspects of low-level radioactive wastes. Relevant legal (United Kingdom), environmental, technical and economic factors are also considered. Contents: hazardous wastes in the UK - an overview; the legal control of hazardous waste management and transport, hydrogeological assessment and selection of hazardous waste disposal sites; leachate production; control and treatment; solidification processes; water quality analysis techniques; alternatives to landfill; recycling, reclamation and waste reduction through process design; radioactive waste disposal.
Butterworth and Co. Publishers Ltd., Borough Green, Sevenoaks, Kent TN15 8PH, United Kingdom, 1985. 305p. Illus. Bibl. Index. Price: GBP 34.25.

CIS 87-1431 Handbook of hazardous waste regulation - Volume II: How to protect employees during environmental incident response
This looseleaf book contains guidelines intended to provide information to complement competent professional judgement and experience. Included are: environmental incidents (consequences of exposure, safety considerations); generalities and standard operating procedures; site entry (measures and requirements, survey and reconnaissance, levels of protection); site control (work zones, decontamination); air surveillance; site safety; appendices on characteristics of the HNU Photoioniser and organic vapour analyser, the rationale for relating total atmospheric vapour gas concentrations to the selection of the level of protection, and dermal toxicity data.
Bureau of Law and Business, Inc., 64 Wall Street, Madison, CT 06443-1513, USA, 1985. 200p. Bibl. ref. Appendices. Price:US$59.95.

CIS 87-1392
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
Treatment and disposal methods for waste chemicals - IRPTC file
The main part of this publication consists of a print-out of information from the IRPTC computer concerning treatment and disposal methods for about 560 chemical substances, to provide for the maximum protection of workers and the environment. In addition to the method described, entries include, where appropriate, methods qualified by IRPTC experts as recommended, recommendable and not recommendable. Also given are conclusions of an IRPTC expert consultation, primary and secondary references and data extracted from these references. Access to the information is provided by indices ordered by chemical name, RTECS number and CAS registry number. There is a discussion of the important factors to be considered for 6 waste disposal methods: landfill, thermal destruction, physical or chemical treatment, evaporation, discharge to sewers leading to sewage treatment works and long-term storage. There is also discussion of the limitations of the file, qualifiers attributed to disposal methods and alternatives to disposal (recycling and re-use, storage, export).
United Nations Sales Section, Palais des Nations, 1211 Genève 10, Switzerland, 1985. 304p. 12 ref. Price: US$50.00.

CIS 87-52
Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam
Radiation monitoring during the burial of radioactive waste - Nomenclature of parameters to be monitored [USSR]
Kontrol' radiacionnyj pri zahoronenii radioaktivnyh othodov. Nomenklatura kontroliruemyh parametrov [en ruso]
This standard (effective 1 Jan. 1987) establishes parameters of monitoring in the disposal of radioactive waste in surface and shallow underground dumps.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per. 3, 123840 Moskva, USSR, 1985. 9p. Price: Rbl.0.03.

CIS 86-2000 Levine S.P., Martin W.F.
Protecting personnel at hazardous waste sites
Each chapter in this monograph was written by one or more experts in the field concerned. Subjects covered include: federal government programmes in the USA; OSH programmes for hazardous waste workers; information gathering; NIOSH air monitoring at hazardous waste sites; compatibility testing for hazardous chemicals; medical surveillance; site layout and engineered controls; personal protective equipment; heat stress in industrial protective encapsulating garments; methods for the reduction or removal of contamination; training; contingency plans.
Butterworth Publishers, 80 Montvale Ave., Stoneham, MA 02180, USA and Borough Green, Sevenoaks, Kent TN15 6BR, United Kingdom, 1985. 366p. Illus. Bibl. Index. Price: £42.00.

CIS 86-1712 Čerkunov N.E.
Safety in the use of fertilisers and pesticides
Ohrana truda pri rabote s mineral'nymi udobrenijami i pesticidami [en ruso]
Aspects covered in this manual include: organisation of safe work with fertilisers and pesticides, hygienic requirements for yards and warehouses; safety in the use of fertilisers (types of fertilisers, unloading, storage, transport, safety in the use of machinery and equipment); safety in the use of pesticides (types of pesticides, acceptance, storage, distribution, formulation, disposal of containers and waste, personal protective equipment, fire protection, first aid).
Rossel'hozizdat, Seleznevskaja ul. 11a, 103030 Moskva, USSR, 1985, 158p. Price: Rbl.0.45.

CIS 86-1050 Bernaola Alonso M.
La problematica de los laboratorios en el tratamiento de residuos
Aspects covered: conditions of work in research laboratories and identification of hazards; problems that are specific to chemicals; disposal of chemical residues and wastes (solids, liquids, extremely hazardous substances); gas cylinder leaks.
Salud y trabajo, Nov.-Dec. 1985, No.52, p.60-68. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 86-999 Disposal of chemical wastes and spills
The aim of this data sheet is to familiarise both management and employees with the potential hazards of handling chemical wastes and spills and to outline the basic safety precautions which must be taken to prevent injury or impairment to health.
Canada Safety Council, Occupational Section, 1765 St. Laurent Blvd., Ottawa, Ontario K1G 3V4, Canada, 1985. 10p. Bibl.

CIS 86-724 Occupational safety and health guidance manual for hazardous waste site activities
Aspects covered in this illustrated manual: identification of hazards; planning and organisation; training of workers; medical programme; site characterisation; air monitoring; personal protective equipment; site control; decontamination; handling drums and other containers; site emergencies.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH, Robert A. Taft Laboratories, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Oct. 1985. 102p. Illus. Appendices. 48 ref.

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