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Health care services - 1,917 entries found

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1997

CIS 97-2061 Aiken L.H., Sloane D.M., Klocinski J.L.
Hospital nurses' occupational exposure to blood: Prospective, retrospective and institutional reports
The risk of exposure by nurses to contaminated blood from injuries with needles and sharps were studied in medical units of 20 US hospitals in cities with a high incidence of AIDS. The rate of injuries was 0.8 per nurse-year. Factors associated with an increased number of injuries included the practice of recapping needles and working in temporary assignments. Injuries from needlesticks are rather common and do not occur at random. Increasing precautions, reducing reliance on temporary nursing personnel and other organizational changes may lower the odds of nurses being injured.
American Journal of Public Health, Jan. 1997, Vol.87, No.1, p.103-107. 23 ref.

CIS 97-2060 Michalsen A., et al.
Compliance with universal precautions among physicians
This questionnaire survey on compliance with universal precautions against HIV infection by 322 physicians from 3 hospitals was conducted in the United States. Compliance measured through 11 items examined how often physicians followed specific recommended work practices. Compliance varied: it was very high for certain kinds of preventive measures (94% for glove use, 92% for disposal of sharps) and low for others (55% for wearing protective clothing, 56% for not recapping needles). Compliance with all items was very low (31-38%). Compliance was higher among physicians who were knowledgeable about universal precautions and who perceive an organizational commitment to safety. Compliance was low among physicians who were relatively old (>37years), who reported high levels of work stress and who perceived a conflict of interest between providing medical care and protecting themselves.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1997, Vol.39, No.2, p.130-137. 58 ref.

CIS 97-2054 Nelsing S., et al.
Incidence and risk factors of occupational blood exposure: A nation-wide survey among Danish doctors
In a nation-wide survey of hospital employed doctors in Denmark, the highest risk of occupational blood exposure was found in general surgery, neurosurgery, obstetrics-gynaecology and orthopaedic surgery. Only 35% of the respondents adhered to the basic principles of universal precautions and non-compliance was associated with a considerably increased risk of exposure, especially in non-surgical specialties. An unacceptably high incidence of occupational blood exposures was found among these doctors.
European Journal of Epidemiology, Jan. 1997, Vol.13, No.1, p.1-8. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 97-1627 Pałczyński C., et al.
Occupational allergy to latex - Life threatening reactions in health care workers. Report of three cases
Two nurses and one laboratory worker developed severe allergic reactions to natural rubber latex present in protective gloves. Latex allergy reactions range from mild contact urticaria to severe systemic reactions; serious, generalized reactions occur in 6-8% of patients allergic to latex. Risk awareness should be increased among the major risk groups.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1997, Vol.10, No.3, p.297-301. 21 ref.

CIS 97-1711 Menckel E., et al.
The prevention of back injuries in Swedish health care - A comparison between two models for action-oriented feedback
During a period of a year, physiotherapists from five occupational health and safety units investigated occupational back injuries among health service employees and then fed back information to the workplace according to one of two models: feedback to the ward supervisor, or feedback to work groups. This action-oriented feedback increased employees' awareness and knowledge of the risks of sustaining back injuries in the workplace, and stimulated interest in precautionary measures. Only minor differences were detected between the two models; feedback to both supervisors and work groups generated a large number of proposals for action.
Applied Ergonomics, Feb. 1997, Vol.28, No.1, p.1-7. 26 ref.

CIS 97-1604 Valanis B., et al.
Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents and self-reported infertility among nurses and pharmacists
The relationship between infertility and chemotherapeutic drug handling was investigated in a group of 405 nurses and pharmacy personnel reporting infertility. Each subject was matched with three controls. Results for the total sample and for women showed a significantly elevated odds ratio for self-reported infertility associated with occupational handling of chemotherapeutic drugs prior to the onset of infertility. For men, the odds ratio was similar, but not significant. The use of adequate protection during the handling of antineoplastic drugs is recommended.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1997, Vol.39, No.6, p.574-580. 30 ref.

CIS 97-1319 Miura T., Koga S.
Analysis of radiation exposure of students in clinical practice and education for radiation protection
Rinshō jisshūji ni okeru gakusei no hōshasen hibaku no kaiseki to hōshasen bōgo kyōikugakuteki kōsatsu [in Japanese]
Description of measures taken in the radiology department of a medical school to sensitize future medical and paramedical personnel to the hazards of X-rays and other ionizing radiation to which they may be exposed in their work, to protect them from exposure during their studies and to teach them good practice.
Radioisotopes, Mar. 1997, Vol.46, No.3, p.173-179. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 97-1038 Iwata N., Ichii S., Egashira K.
Effects of bright artificial light on subjective mood of shift work nurses
The effects of bright artificial light on the subjective mental state of ten female hospital nurses were assessed during two series of five consecutive workshifts: one normal, two night and two evening shifts. The subjects worked under normal lighting conditions (approximately 250 lux) during the first series, and were exposed to artificial light (brighter than 3,000 lux) for a total of 30min during the second series of shifts. Bright light tended to improve eagerness and reduce tension. Several psychological symptoms, such as vigour, eagerness, appetite and impairment, also improved in artificial light during the night shifts, but not during the evening shifts.
Industrial Health, Jan. 1997, Vol.35, No.1, p.41-47. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 97-290 Hanrahan A., Reutter L.
A critical review of the literature on sharps injuries: Epidemiology, management of exposures and prevention
Literature review on the epidemiology, management and prevention of sharps injuries in health care workers, particularly nurses. The problem is of special importance because of the increasing evidence of a small, but measurable, risk of the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus through sharps injuries. A retrospective survey of the factors related to these injuries was conducted, primarily in hospital settings. The authors point out the need to investigate the organizational and behavioural factors both in hospitals and in other health care settings.
Journal of Advanced Nursing, Jan. 1997, Vol.25, No.1, p.144-154. Illus. 130 ref.

1996

CIS 01-1644 Internal audit - Health
Autodiagnostic - Santé [in French]
Through an internal auditing of hazards, one can develop a safety and health plan adapted to the company. A check-list for conducting such an audit in health care establishments and pensioners' homes is proposed, consisting of the following parts: data inventory (employment, capacity, occupational accident and disease statistics); organization of supervision and emergency services; mandatory equipment verification; health care activities (management of needles and used needles, handling of persons, radiology, operating theatres, chemotherapy, radiotherapy); support services (linen, catering, waste disposal, cleaning of the premises; external contractors; temporary workers); training of employees; action plan.
CRAM des Pays de la Loire, 7 rue de Président E. Hériot, BP 93405, 44034 Nantes, France, Feb. 1996. 16p. Illus.

CIS 00-1462 Vaudelle-Malbos C., Gury C., Proust G., Brossard D., Vu-Thi P., Buonaccorsi A.
Sterile needleprick prevention devices: Assessment after the recording of accidents in two hospitals
Dispositifs médicaux stériles de protection des piqûres: évaluation après recensement des accidents dans deux hôpitaux [in French]
Topics: causes of accidents; description of equipment; evaluation of equipment; France; health care personnel; hospitals; injection injuries; literature survey; questionnaire survey; safety devices.
Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Nov. 1996, Vol.57, No.7, p.508-518. Illus. 37 ref.

CIS 00-898 Cox T., Griffiths A., Cox S.
Work-related stress in nursing: Controlling the risk to health
Topics: ILO; mental stress; nursing personnel; role of management; safety and health training; stress evaluation; stress factors; work organization; workplace design.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1996. 47p. 41 ref.

CIS 99-1141 Münch E.
Health promotion in hospitals - Evaluation of health circles as an instrument for health promotion in workplaces and organization
Gesundheitsförderung im Krankenhaus - Evaluation von Gesundheitszirkeln als Instrumente der Arbeits - und Organisationsgestaltung [in German]
Topics: conditions of work; Germany; health care personnel; hospitals; neuropsychic stress; quality circles; safety and health committees; work design; work organization.
Zeitschrift für Gesundheitswissenschaften, 1996, Vol.4, No.4, p.318-334. Illus. 40 ref.

CIS 99-1039 Rice V.J., Nindl B., Pentikis J.S.
Dental workers, musculoskeletal cumulative trauma, and carpal tunnel syndrome: Who is at risk? A pilot study
Topics: backache; carpal-tunnel syndrome; dental services; epidemiologic study; ergonomic evaluation; high-risk groups; job dissatisfaction; musculoskeletal diseases; repetitive strain injury; repetitive work; risk factors; upper extremity disorders; work posture; work-rest schedules.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.218-233. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 99-773 Menoni O., De Marco F., Panciera D., Colombini D., Occhipinti E.
The home patient - Prevention of backache among home care workers
Il paziente a case - La prevenzione del mal di schiena nella attività dell'assistenza domiciliare [in Italian]
Topics: backache; ergonomics; health care personnel; manual lifting; physiology of musculoskeletal system; safe working methods; training manuals; training material; work posture.
Unità di Ricerca Ergonomia della Postura e del Movimento (epm), Azienda USSL 39, Via Darwin 20, 20143 Milano, Italy, Sep. 1996. 36p. Illus.

CIS 99-765 Antineoplastic drugs and other dangerous drugs
Médicaments antinéo-plasiques et autres médicaments dangereux [in French]
Topics: antineoplastic drugs; Canada; containment of spills; first aid; health care personnel; health hazards; limitation of exposure; Quebec; routes of entry; safe working methods; safety guides; training material.
Association pour la santé et la sécurité du travail, secteur affaires sociales, 5100 rue Sherbrooke Est, bureau 950, Montréal, Québec H1V 3R9, Canada, 1996. 23p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 98-955 Hamzaoui A., Megdiche M., Hassine E., Chabbou A.
Tuberculosis and health care personnel
Tuberculose et personnel de santé [in French]
Risk of nosocomial transmission of tuberculosis among healthcare workers taking care of HIV infected patients in Tunisia. Topics: air filtration; health care personnel; hospitals; immunodeficiency syndrome; implementation of control measures; infectious diseases; safety and health training; tuberculosis; Tunisia; ultraviolet radiation; vaccination; ventilation.
SST - Santé et Sécurité au Travail, Oct. 1996, No.1, p.17-20, 17 ref.

CIS 98-215 Kujala V.M., Reijula K.E.
Glove-related rhinopathy among hospital personnel
Allergic rhinitis among hospital personnel using natural rubber latex gloves. Topics: allergic rhinitis; epidemiologic study; health care personnel; hospitals; hypersensitivity; latex; protective gloves; pulmonary function; serological reactions; skin tests.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1996, Vol.30, No.2, p.164-170. 28 ref.

CIS 97-2093 Elliott T.R., et al.
Occupational burnout, tolerance for stress, and coping among nurses in rehabilitation units
A questionnaire survey of 98 nurses showed that confidence in one's ability to handle problems and perceived tolerance were predictive of lower burnout scores, regardless of time spent on the job. Of the coping variables studied, emotion-focused coping was associated with higher burnout scores. Further investigation revealed that some coping efforts (taking time off work, confronting a supervisor) could be construed as symptoms of burnout. Implications for current notions of burnout and psychosocial interventions are discussed.
Rehabilitation Psychology, 1996, Vol.41, No.4, p.267-284. 52 ref.

CIS 97-2086 Lusted M.J., et al.
Self reported symptoms in the neck and upper limbs in nurses
Musculoskeletal symptoms were investigated in 30 nurses in two units of a residential care centre. A questionnaire survey showed that neck and upper limb symptoms were experienced as often as low back symptoms and were more likely to have prevented nurses from doing their work. Analysis of compensation data indicated that back injuries were more common than neck and upper limb problems, suggesting that these data do not accurately reflect the type or incidence of symptoms experienced. Differences in symptoms between the two units studied were attributed to work organizational factors related to patient handling.
Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1996, Vol.27, No.6, p.381-387. Illus. 25 ref.

CIS 97-2062 Gould D., Wilson-Barnett J., Ream E.
Nurses' infection-control practice: Hand decontamination, the use of gloves and sharp instruments
A survey of 173 nurses in two teaching hospitals included observation of nurses' infection-control behaviour and questionnaires and interviews to determine their knowledge of the risks and available precautions. Hands were decontaminated after 28.78% of contacts with patients and after 49.85% of activities likely to result in heavy contamination. There was good use of gloves when available. The handling and disposal of sharps was commendable, although some unsafe incidents were observed. Performance was related to the workload and the availability of hand decontaminating agents.
International Journal of Nursing Studies, Apr. 1996, Vol.33, No.2, p.143-160. 49 ref.

CIS 97-1850 Emmett E. A.
What is the strategic value of occupational and environmental medicine?
The evolving interrelated nature of occupational and environmental health is emphasized in this article. Workers, industry and governments have much to gain from a strengthened strategic positioning of occupational and environmental medicine.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.38, No.11, p.1124-1134. 41 ref.

CIS 97-1883 Bernacki E., Tsai S. P
Managed care for workers' compensation: Three years of experience in an "employee choice" state
This article reports three years of activity of the Johns Hopkins Self-Insured Workers' Compensation Program in the State of Maryland, USA. The occupational physician/nurse team coordinates the entire care-management system from prevention of accidents to facilitated return to work. The latter includes follow-up of workplace hazards and corrections of unfavourable ergonomic conditions. The decrease in claims and the significant savings achieved indicate the success of this integrated approach in a state where employees are free to choose their physicians.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.38, No.11, p.1091-1097. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 97-1599 Palazzo S., et al.
Guidelines for the health protection and safety of workers handling antineoplastic chemotherapeutic drugs
Linee guida per la tutela della salute e per la sicurezza dei lavoratori esposti a chemioterapici antiblastici [in Italian]
Guidelines are proposed to deal with occupational exposure of different categories of workers and tasks regarding the handling of antineoplastic drugs (stocking, preparation, administration, disposal, hood maintenance). Preventive measures should include the centralization of units for the handling of these drugs, employing trained personnel. The latter must use adequate protective equipment and follow standardized working procedures. They should be adequately informed on the risks and appropriate preventive measures.
Medicina del lavoro, May-June 1996, Vol.87, No.3, p.255-264. 16 ref.

CIS 97-1598 Apostoli P., et al.
Criteria and methods for the study of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs
Criteri e metodi per lo studio dell'esposizione occupazionale a chemioterapici antiblastici [in Italian]
Risk assessment and exposure evaluation of antineoplastic drugs are discussed from the point of view of environmental and biological monitoring. The problems of exposed health workers (pharmacists and nursing personnel) are emphasized. Guidelines are proposed on the basis of a check list adopted in some Italian hospitals. Work rooms, procedures, types and quantities of drugs and preventive measures must be monitored according to a standardized data collection scheme. Determination of cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil and platinum coordination compounds used as tracers of drug mixtures is recommended in Italian hospitals. In annex: questionnaire for the evaluation of exposure to antineoplastic drugs; analytical methods for the determination of commonly used antineoplastic drugs.
Medicina del lavoro, May-June 1996, Vol.87, No.3, p.230-254. Illus. 60 ref.

CIS 97-1597 Forni A., Bonatti S., Merler E.
Cytogenetic indicators of genotoxicity in subjects occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs
Indicatori citogenetici di genotossicità in soggetti professionalmente esposti a chemioterapici antiblastici [in Italian]
Cytogenetic tests most frequently used to detect early biological effects in people exposed to genotoxic agents are reviewed. In particular, chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei in lymphocytes are discussed. In hospital or industry workers potentially exposed to antineoplastic drugs the results are contradictory. Investigations involving subjects who have worked under protected conditions have however given negative results for these indicators.
Medicina del lavoro, May-June 1996, Vol.87, No.3, p.222-229. 34 ref.

CIS 97-1596 Merler E., Villa L., Lucchini R.
Adverse effects of exposure in the production, handling and administration of antineoplastic drugs
Effetti patologici causati da chemioterapici antiblastici nei lavoratori addetti alla loro produzione, preparazione o somministrazione [in Italian]
Many antineoplastic drugs are carcinogenic or mutagenic in humans. This study concerns the increased risk of cancer for workers handling such drugs. Among women workers there is an increased risk of spontaneous abortions and offspring malformations. This is an important effect, since the majority of health care workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs are women. Adequate protective equipment during the production and administration of these drugs and suitable preventive educational programmes are necessary for these workers.
Medicina del lavoro, May-June 1996, Vol.87, No.3, p.207-221. 42 ref.

CIS 97-1595 Alessio L., et al.
Prevention of risks from occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs. Consensus document
Prevenzione dei rischi da esposizione professionale a chemoterapici antiblastici. Documento di consenso [in Italian]
This consensus document prepared by Italian research institutes deals with the pathological effects of antineoplastic drugs in patients and occupationally exposed subjects. Preventive measures are discussed, including exposure assessment, health surveillance of workers and guidance for workers' protection (information and training programmes). A particular hazard is that of deformed foetuses, due to the teratogenic effects of these drugs on exposed pregnant women. The importance of preventive measures in the pharmaceutical industry is stressed, in particular those applying to packaging and storage of these products.
Medicina del lavoro, May-June 1996, Vol.87, No.3, p.194-200 (Italian), 201-206 (English).

CIS 97-1499 Weddle M.G.
Reporting occupational injuries: The first step
In a survey of 372 environmental service workers in five hospitals, 108 (29.2%) recalled having been injured in the previous year, and of these, 42 had not reported one or more injuries. Older workers and those who had worked longer at the same job were more likely not to report an injury. The most commonly unreported injuries were back injuries, soft tissue injuries, and sprains. The most frequently sited reason for not reporting was that the injury seemed too minor. Worker training should include instruction and encouragement in the reporting of workplace injuries.
Journal of Safety Research, Winter 1996, Vol.27, No.4, p.217-223. 6 ref.

CIS 97-1602 Lemiere C., et al.
Isolated late asthmatic reaction after exposure to a high-molecular-weight occupational agent, subtilisin
A case is reported of an asthmatic reaction that started after the first hour following exposure to subtilisin (maxatase), a high-molecular-weight occupational agent. The subject had been working in a hospital, washing surgical tools with a liquid containing the proteolytic enzyme subtilisin. Any occurrence of immediate reaction was ruled out by measuring the one-second forced expiratory volume and lung volumes every 10min during the first hour. Specific inhalation challenge with the diluted surgical cleanser containing the enzyme showed the reaction to be an IgE-mediated late asthmatic reaction.
Chest, Sept. 1996, Vol.110, No.3, p.823-824. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 97-1740 Andrews B., Oates F., Naden P.
Aboriginal health worker smoking; results of a Western NSW survey
A questionnaire survey was conducted among Aboriginal health workers in New South Wales, Australia, to assess their tobacco use and their awareness of an ongoing project to quit smoking. Of the 22 respondents, 14 were current smokers, 6 were nonsmokers and 2 were ex-smokers. Most respondents said they were interested in special staff training to help others to quit smoking. These preliminary results add to the limited data available on Aboriginal smoking habits.
Aboriginal and Islander Health Worker Journal, Sep.-Oct. 1996, Vol.20, No.5, p.19-22. 14 ref.

CIS 97-1370 Araúxo Vilar A., et al.
Permanent night shift and health: Study on a sample of workers from a general hospital
Turno permanente de noche y salud: estudio en una muestra de trabajadores de un hospital general [in Spanish]
This article presents the results of a study on health hazards of permanent night shift in hospital work. One hundred sixty five subjects (29 from the morning shift, 71 from the afternoon shift and 65 from the night shift) from the paramedical personnel of a general hospital in Barcelona, Spain, participated in the study. Different questionnaires were handed out. Attention tests, interviews and work-station evaluation were performed. Night workers reported severe consequences of the work shift in their general health (digestive, cardiovascular and osteoarticular disturbances), sleep pattern, work performance and social/familiar relationship. In addition, they consumed more toxic substances in relation to work. (Summary in English).
Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.63, p.15-23; 85-88 (English summary). Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 97-1354 Schmid K., Weber A.
Hazard of infection with Helicobacter pylori in the health services
Berufliche Infektionsgefährdung durch Helicobacter pylori im Gesundheitsdienst [in German]
Helicobacter pylori are pathogenic bacteria which can cause gastritis, ulceration of the mucous membrane of the stomach and stomach carcinoma. This literature survey reveals that personnel in gastroenterological clinics and nursing personnel may face a higher infection risk with Helicobacter pylori. Endoscopes, gastric secretion and faeces appear to be the main sources of infection. Because present results of epidemiologic studies are contradictory and inconclusive, inclusion of Helicobacter pylori infections in the list of occupational diseases is considered premature. Further studies are recommended.
Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Umweltmedizin, May 1996, Vol.31, No.5, p.203-209. 44 ref.

CIS 97-1234 Baur X., et al.
Latex allergies - New regulations on natural rubber products.
Latex-Allergien - Neue Vorschriften für Naturgummiprodukte [in German]
Severe latex allergies among doctors, nursing personnel and patients in hospitals are on the rise. Latex-containing medical and protective equipment such as latex gloves are the cause. Analyses of air samples taken in hospitals and doctor's offices for the concentrations of allergens stemming from latex equipment were found to range from 0 to 205.4ng/m3. In the past the protein content of latex products was used to determine the risk of instantaneous sensitization. It is recommended to include the allergen content in the risk assessment. A method which measures both parameters is available. The results of concentrations of the proteins and allergens in 1g latex of 20 different types of latex equipment are presented. It is expected that the protein concentrations in latex equipment will soon be limited.
Gefahrstoffe Reinhaltung der Luft, Feb. 1996, Vol.56, No.2, p.61-62. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 97-835 Martínex Romero M.C., et al.
Cytogenetic monitoring of hospital personnel occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation, ethylene oxide and cytostatic drugs
Monitorización citogenética de profesionales de hospital expuestos ocupacionalmente a radiaciones ionizantes, óxido de etileno y citostáticos [in Spanish]
The aim of this study was to evaluate cytogenetic damage in 64 hospital workers exposed to ionizing radiation (42), ethylene oxide (14) and cytostatic drugs (8). The study also involved 30 non-exposed workers from the same hospitals. Chromosome aberrations (CA) and the sister chromatid exchange method (SCE) were used for genotoxicity assessment. CA frequency is incremented in both the group exposed to radiation and to cytostatics, but not significantly. SCE frequency is significantly higher in the group exposed to ethylene oxide. In addition, the frequency of CA and SCE is incremented in smokers.
Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, 1996, Vol.43, No.168, p.37-45. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 97-882 Schuyt H.C., Verberk M.M.
Measurement and reduction of nitrous oxide in operating rooms
Nitrous oxide in the breathing zone of anaesthesiologists was continuously monitored by means of a direct reading apparatus and a specially designed collar. Measurements were made in nine hospitals before and after the introduction of various hygienic measures, including repair of defects in anaesthetic apparatus, improvement of general ventilation, and use of a double mask to administer the anaesthetic gas mixture. With a combination of measures, the concentrations of nitrous oxide were considerably reduced. The monitoring system revealed important differences in exposure during the separate phases of anaesthesia, indicated which factors determined exposure, and allowed accurate determination of personal exposure.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1996, Vol.38, No.10, p.1036-1040. 15 ref.

CIS 97-455 Rosskam E.
Bureau of Workers' Activities
AIDS in the workplace
This training module provides an overview of the disease AIDS, of particular importance as an occupational hazard in certain occupations (e.g. in the health care industry). Coverage: level of the problem worldwide; why AIDS is a trade union issue; description of the disease; workplace exposure; AIDS education in the workplace; AIDS and workplace policy issues; role of the health and safety representative; exercise case-study of the HIV virus in the workplace; glossary. In appendices: related WHO documents.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1996. x, 69p. Illus. Price: CHF 5.00 (for the collection: CHF 50.00).

CIS 97-518 French National Association of Occupational Medicine and Ergonomics of Hospital Employees - XXXIIIth training session - Work by women in hospitals
Association nationale de médecine du travail et d'ergonomie du personnel des hôpitaux - XXXIIIes Journées nationales de formation - Travail féminin dans les hôpitaux [in French]
Proceedings of the XXXIIIth training session held in Paris (27-29 Mar. 1996). Two main themes were studied: Topic I: work by women in French hospitals (female physicians in hospitals; infection risks and pregnancies; psychodynamism of work and setting up of collective nursing groups - Specificity of defensive strategies and rules of the trade in female teams). Topic II: women working in European Health Centers (women at work, balancing professional and private life - Comparison of two different approaches (Denmark and France)). Occupational health and safety among nurses - Synthesis of the meeting organized by the International Council of Nurses.
Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Oct. 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.465-475.

CIS 97-678 Neth K.U., Friesdorf W., Classen B.
Ergonomic design of intensive care units
Ergonomische Gestaltung von Arbeitsplätzen in der Intensivmedizin [in German]
Intensive care units in hospitals contain much medical equipment. Though each piece of equipment may be ergonomically designed, in their totality they are usually chaotically arranged around the patient's bed. An ergonomic workplace design is presented which avoids entangled connecting cables and a disorderly arrangement of the equipment. Thus there is better access to the patient and the equipment.
Medizintechnik, Jan. 1996, Vol.116, No.1, p.7-11. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 97-683 Classen B., Gaus M., Reu R., Friesdorf W.
Numeric keypad, control button and arrow keys for setting medical equipment - A comparative study
Zehner-Tastatur, Drehknopf und Pfeil-Tasten als Eingabemedien für medizinische Geräte - eine Vergleichsstudie [in German]
Numeric keypads, control buttons and arrow keys are used for the operation of medical equipment designed to deliver anaesthetics or to dispense intensive care. The speed and accuracy of the settings and individual satisfaction with these three different adjusting devices were tested with volunteer nurses and medical doctors. The numeric keypad was clearly preferred by the volunteers. The setting speed was fastest with this kind of control element. However, errors made with the numeric keypad were more numerous and more serious than those made with the other control elements.
Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, Jan. 1996, Vol.50 (22 new version), No.1, p.20-24. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 97-658 Clark K.L., Wills W., Tedders S.H., Williams D.C.
Ticks removed from dogs and animal care personnel in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) were collected from animals and workers at veterinary clinics and animal shelters in Orangeburg County, South Carolina, USA from April to December 1994. A total of 623 ticks were collected; 21 from humans and 602 from dogs and cats. The most common species collected was Dermacentor variabilis, the American dog tick, known to be associated with various diseases including tick-borne rickettsial fever and tick paralysis. The medical and veterinary importance of the most frequently occurring species are discussed.
Journal of Agromedicine, 1996, Vol.3, No.4, p.45-55. 44 ref.

CIS 97-460 Langley R.L., Morrow W.E.M.
A survey of personal and occupational health and safety training for US and Canadian veterinary schools
A survey of 18 veterinary schools in the USA and Canada revealed a high incidence of scalpel/knife cuts, needlestick injuries, bites, scratches and kicks, suggesting that training in occupational safety and health could be improved. Recommendations include: development of a uniform curriculum for occupational safety and health in veterinary schools; provision of a mechanism for reporting of student injuries and illnesses; development of procedures for student immunization and physical examination; provision of training in basic first aid; and provision of information on potential health risks associated with animal handling.
Journal of Agromedicine, 1996, Vol.3, No.4, p.23-35. 39 ref.

CIS 97-663 Léry L.
Serologic markers of hepatitis among staff in a hospital in Lyon
Les marqueurs sérologiques d'hépatites du personnel d'un hôpital lyonnais [in French]
The survey of various hepatitis markers among the staff of a hospital in Lyon was analyzed retrospectively. The prevalence of markers was 45.1% for hepatitis A, 13.9% for hepatitis B, and 1.6% for hepatitis C. The prevalence of hepatitis A or B markers appeared to increase with age. An age-related decline of post-immunization status to hepatitis B was found. The presence of markers for hepatitis A or C or antiHbc antibodies (seen after immunization performed without previous serological assay) seemed to be associated with low status. These data need confirmation by larger and multicentric studies. By this study, the status of various types of hepatitis among health care workers was determined.
Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, July 1996, Vol.57, No.4, p.251-255. 11 ref.

CIS 97-498 Occupational Medicine, Hygiene and Ergonomics Society of Western France - Meetings of 16 and 17 November 1995
Société de médecine du travail, d'hygiène industrielle et d'ergonomie de l'Ouest - Séances des 16 et 17 novembre 1995 [in French]
Main subjects dealt with in papers presented at the 16-17 November 1995 meeting of the Society of Occupational Medicine, Hygiene and Ergonomics of Western France: risk of encephalopathy due to prions when performing autopsies; skin diseases in fish farming; skin diseases in hairdressing; carpal-tunnel syndrome in hairdressing; skin allergies in the rubber industry; prevention of eye injuries due to laser radiation in the aircraft industry; skin burns due to handling of vitamin K3; hospital hygiene in medical students; biological risk control in laboratory work; personnel in establishments for retired people; immune-allergic pulmonary pathology due to shiitake (mushroom from East-Asia).
Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Sep. 1996, Vol.57, No.5, p.384-398.

CIS 97-551 Ahlborg G., Axelsson G., Bodin L.
Shift work, nitrous oxide exposure and subfertility among Swedish midwives
By means of a questionnaire survey of approx. 4000 Swedish midwives born in 1940 or later, the probability of becoming pregnant in a given menstrual cycle was calculated for each category of exposure to nitrous oxide. The relationship of per-cycle probability of exposed workers to that of the unexposed was expressed as fecundability ratios (FRs). No significant effect of exposure was noted except in a small group (n=41) reporting that they assisted at more than 30 nitrous oxide deliveries per month (crude FR=0.51; FR adjusted for extraneous factors=0.63). The conclusion is that shift work and frequent, high levels of occupational exposure to nitrous oxide may have a negative influence on the ability of women to become pregnant.
International Journal of Epidemiology, Aug. 1996, Vol.25, No.4, p.783-790. Illus. 37 ref.

CIS 97-696 Vlerick P.
Burnout and work organization in hospital wards: A cross-validation study
A report discussing the main factors that should be addressed in the management of nurses' work organization. The hypothesis that the number of nurses having contact with one patient was directly related to the level of burnout in nurses was only partially confirmed.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.10, No.3, p.257-265. 10 ref.

CIS 97-695 Iskra-Golec I., Folkard S., Marek T., Noworol C.
Health, well-being and burnout of ICU nurses on 12- and 8-h shifts
Report on the effects of shift work schedules on the health, sleeping habits and the psychological and social well-being of two groups of intensive care unit nurses. The 12h shift nurses experienced more chronic fatigue and anxiety than those on 8h shifts. Job satisfaction was independent of shift duration.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.10, No.3, p.251-256. 25 ref.

CIS 97-694 Büssing A.
Social tolerance of working time scheduling in nursing
In a study of 297 German nurses, tolerance of different working time schedules (WTS) was analyzed for six factors: job security and access to the labour market; income; health; family relationships; participation in social life; degree of autonomy for WTS. Results show: dominance of health-related and social aspects in the social tolerance of working time scheduling; large differences in stress, burnout and well-being for nurses on different WTSs linked to day-time, shiftwork and permanent night work; strong covariate effects of autonomy on working time scheduling as well as strong covariate effects of sex on the influence that different WTSs exert on stress, burnout and well-being.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.10, No.3, p.238-250. Illus. 54 ref.

CIS 97-701 Schaufeli W.B., van Dierendonck D., van Gorp K.
Burnout and reciprocity: Towards a dual-level social model
A report on tests of student nurses, aiming to confirm a model assuming that lack of social reciprocity at the interpersonal and the organizational (i.e. between employees and the organization) level is positively related to burnout. For the latter, several parameters were measured on the degree of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Analysis of the limitations of the study.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.10, No.3, p.225-237. Illus. 48 ref.

CIS 97-700 de Jonge J., Janssen P.P.M., van Breukelen G.J.P.
Testing the Demand-Control-Support Model among health-care professional: A structural equation model
This paper seeks to validate a Job Demand-Control-Support (DCS) Model, the aim of which is to provide a theoretical framework of guidelines for the enhancement of the quality of working life. It predicts job strain reactions (fatigue and health complaints), when job demands are high and workers' control low. The model was only partially confirmed when applied to Dutch nursing personnel by means of a survey. An increase in autonomy is accompanied by an increase in job involvement and low job demands seem to reduce exhaustion and consequent health complaints.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.10, No.3, p.209-224. Illus. 71 ref.

CIS 97-497 Punnett L.
Adjusting for the healthy worker selection effect in cross-sectional studies
In this cross-sectional study of musculoskeletal disorders, women employed in highly repetitive manual work (garment assembly) were found to have approximately double the risk observed in a population with more varied tasks (hospital work). The relative risk for garment work increased over the 20-year period preceding the year of the survey. The trend was not explained by age or length of employment, or by any known changes in work demands. In the absence of longitudinal cohort data, alternative explanations (the most plausible of which is the healthy worker effect) for these results cannot be excluded.
International Journal of Epidemiology, Oct. 1996, Vol.25, No.5, p.1068-1076. Illus. 24 ref.

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