Diseases of the reproductive system - 246 entries found

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• Diseases of the reproductive system

1981

CIS 81-2013 Meyer C.R.
Semen quality in workers exposed to carbon disulfide compared to a control group from the same plant
The sperm count was determined in a group of 86 workers occupationally exposed to carbon disulfide for ≥1 year and in 89 control subjects. The exposed workers consisted of 4 groups containing 18, 27, 22 and 19 workers for whom the exposure levels were respectively >10ppm, 2-10ppm, <2ppm and difficult to quantify. No statistically significant differences were observed between controls and exposed workers as a whole or when compared in the 4 sub-groups.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1981, Vol.23, No.6, p.435-439. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 81-1957 Hazardous substances and female employees in industry
Gevaarlijke stoffen en vrouwelijke werknemers in de industrie [in Dutch]
Basic information on toxic substances to which workers may be exposed in industry, with particular reference to their effects on women, paths of entry, and toxic effects. Introduction; toxicity due to inhalation, ingestion, skin contact; why special regulations are required for women (sterility, effects on ova, menstrual disorders, toxic effects on the embryo, insufficient weight at birth, effects on growth, effects on the newborn due to breastfeeding); present state of knowledge (not all toxic substances and their effects are known); need for research; international awareness of the problem; health protection in the workplace (maximum allowable concentrations, personal protective equipment); list of hazardous chemical substances (Group 1: 20 substances to which women should not be exposed; Group 2: 9 substances with which women should avoid all contact). Properties of these substances, hazards, toxicity. Netherlands TLVs. "Ionising radiation" is added to both groups.
Industriebond FNV, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Mar. 1981. 34p. 8 ref.

CIS 81-1632 Cai S.X., Bao Y.S.
Placental transfer, secretion into mother milk of carbon disulphide and the effects on maternal function of female viscose rayon workers
The health effects of carbon disulfide (CS₂) were examined by comparison of groups of exposed women, working in the spinning areas of plants producing viscose rayon, with unexposed women workers in the finishing areas. The incidence of menstrual disturbance was 44.8% for exposed women and 24.9% for controls. The occurrence of pregnancy was similar in the two groups of workers, but 12.7% of the exposed group experienced pregnancy toxaemia compared with 3.6% of the control group. No significant differences were found between the groups for the incidence of premature birth or spontaneous abortion. When the CS₂ concentration in air was 37-56µg/m³, the milk from 13 mothers contained 2.8-18.6µg/100ml, and 1.6-7.1µg/100ml was present in the urine of 5 breast-fed babies. CS₂ was detected in breast milk before and after work and at 23-56 days off the job. The umbilical blood of an infant whose mother was working on the day of delivery contained 5µg/100ml CS₂.
Industrial Health, 1981, Vol.19, No.1, p.15-29. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 81-1086 Levine R.J., Symons M.J., Balogh S.A., Milby T.H., Whorton M.D.
A method for monitoring the fertility of workers - 2. Validation of the method among workers exposed to dibromochloropropane.
For part 1 see CIS 81-464. The techniques developed were applied to 36 male pesticide manufacturing workers. 12 of them had severely depressed sperm counts related to occupational exposure. The standardised fertility ratio was significantly lower during the period at risk, and also than in other areas of the factory. Surveillance would have detected the loss of fertility in these workers.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1981, Vol.23, No.3, p.183-188. 4 ref.

1980

CIS 81-1092 Infante P.F., Legator M.S.
Proceedings of a workshop on methodology for assessing reproductive hazards in the workplace.
At this workshop sponsored by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Society for Occupational and Environmental Health (held at Washington, USA, 19-22 Apr. 1978) 29 papers were presented on topics including: case studies of agents associated with adverse effects on reproduction (alcohol, lead, vinyl chloride, anaesthetic gases, chloroprene, dibromochloropropane); standard in vitro and in vivo tests for the identification of mutagens and teratogens; short term methods for human surveillance of mutagens, including cytogenic studies and sperm assays; epidemiologic methods for detecting teratogens. Recommendations for future research were also made.
Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 20402, USA, Oct. 1980. 423p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 81-782 Hemminki K., Niemi M.L., Koskinen K., Vainio H.
Spontaneous abortions among women employed in the metal industry in Finland.
From union files and hospital discharge records, spontaneous abortions were analysed among Finnish metal workers between 1973 and 1976 (35.000 women). Among these, 195 spontaneous abortions were recorded. The ratio was significantly higher than the corresponding ratio for all Finnish women. A particularly high-risk industry appeared to be the production of radios, television sets, and their components. Exposure to solder fumes (from colophony flux) was suggested to explain the increased risk.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 1980, Vol.47, No.1, p.53-60. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 81-499 Goldsmith D.F., Smith A.H., McMichael A.J.
A case-control study of prostate cancer within a cohort of rubber and tire workers.
88 cases of prostate cancer identified from death certificates were compared with 258 matched controls. There were statistically significant risk ratios over exposure periods of >1 month, >24 months, and >60 months. There was a significant excess risk for blacks. The latency period is estimated at 29 years, the greatest risk occurring in 1940-1947.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1980, Vol.22, No.8, p.533-541. Illus. 46 ref.

CIS 81-461 Egnatz D.G., Ott M.G., Townsend J.C., Olson R.D., Johns D.B.
DBCP and testicular effects in chemical workers: an epidemiological survey in Midland, Michigan.
Semen samples, testicular size, and serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), and testosterone levels were studied in 232 workers exposed to 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP, Nemagon) and 97 controls. Mean levels of FSH and LH were significantly higher, although not abnormal, in the exposed group. Greater duration of exposure correlated with lower sperm count, higher FSH level, and smaller testicular volume. The testicular effect of DBCP appears reversible over time.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1980, Vol.22, No.11, p.727-732. 15 ref.

CIS 81-139 Hemminki K., Niemi M.L., Saloniemi I., Vainio H., Hemminki E.
Spontaneous abortions by occupation and social class in Finland
All spontaneous abortions recorded in 1973-1975 were analysed by occupation and social class of the patient. Occupational groups with an increased frequency of spontaneous abortions included industrial and construction work, agriculture, forestry and fishing, sales, transport and communication, services, and students and trainees. There was a low frequency in housewives and in managerial and clerical occupations. Socio-economic factors appear to contribute to the rate of spontaneous abortions.
International Journal of Epidemiology, June 1980, Vol.9, No.2, p.149-153. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 80-1699 Israeli R., Potashnik G.
Spermatogenetic disturbances due to exposure to 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) - An urgent alert signal
Schädigung der Spermatogenesis bei Exposition gegenüber 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropan (DBCP) als Warnung für die Zukunft [in German]
Results of tests and examinations (sperm analysis, hormone levels, duration of exposure) in 24 DBCP-exposed workers (this chemical is employed as a nematocide, and was considered inoffensive up to the present). Exposure to DBCP may result in 100% sterility, linked to an increase in plasmatic gonadotrophins. Correct evaluation of the results of animal experiments conducted 20 years ago would have given warning of these effects in humans.
Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Prophylaxe, Jan. 1980, p.20-22. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 80-1660 Jarvis H.
Scrotal cancer in a pitch worker.
A fatal case of fulminating scrotal cancer in a man mixing pitch and chalk in the manufacture of clay pigeons is described. The need for reliable cleaning methods for the clothes of pitch workers is emphasised, and it is suggested that non-statutory examinations be extended to workers at risk who may at present be unsupervised.
Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine, Apr. 1980, Vol.30, No.2, p.61-62. 2 ref.

CIS 80-1365 Hemminki K., Franssila E., Vainio H.
Spontaneous abortions among female chemical workers in Finland.
Spontaneous abortions were analysed in 9000 women in 1973-1976. 52 abortions were noted. The ratio of abortions to pregnancies was 8.54% and to all births 15.57%, significantly higher than in Finnish women generally (5.52 and 7.98% respectively). Branches at risk included the plastics industry, particularly styrene, the viscose rayon and pharmaceutical industries, and laundries.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Feb. 1980, Vol.45, No.2, p.123-126. 10 ref.

CIS 80-1433 Iglesias R., Terrés A., Chavarría A.
Disorders of the menstrual cycle in airline stewardesses.
Of 200 randomly chosen airline stewardesses, 39% underwent unfavourable changes in the menstrual cycle after beginning aeronautical activities. Menstrual flow increased in about half of them and decreased or disappeared in the other half. 38% suffered from pelvic discomfort after long flights. It is difficult to trace the exact origin and mechanism of the changes: stress and internal desynchronisation due to disruption of the circadian rhythm may play a part.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, May 1980, Vol.51, No.5, p.518-520. 8 ref.

CIS 80-1064 Whorton M.D., Milby T.H.
Recovery of testicular function among DBCP workers.
21 men (of 25 originally identified) with sperm count suppression associated with 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane exposure were examined one year after termination of exposure. 8 of the 9 oligospermic men had improved considerably; 6 became normospermic.None of the 12 azoospermic men (11 had been exposed for 4 years) had improved: serum follicle-stimulating hormone had increased. Children (one with several birth defects; significance unknown) were born to the wives of the originally oligospermic men.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1980, Vol.22, No.3, p.177-179. 14 ref.

CIS 80-795 Venable J.R., McClimans C.D., Flake R.E., Dimick D.B.
A fertility study of male employees engaged in the manufacture of glycerine.
64 men employed in the glycerine department of a chemical factory, exposed to epichlorohydrin, allyl chloride, and 1,3-dichloropropene, or combinations of them, and 63 controls were studied. Data were obtained by medical history, hormone determinations, medical examination, and semen analysis. No detrimental effect on fertility from exposure to chlorinated 3-carbon compounds was observed.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1980, Vol.22, No.2, p.87-91. 5 ref.

CIS 80-794 Milby T.H., Whorton D.
Epidemiological assessment of occupationally related, chemically induced sperm count suppression.
Sperm count data from 2 cohorts (107 and 71 men) exposed to dibromochloropropane (DBCP) and 2 cohorts (44 and 84 men) exposed to epichlorohydrin (ECH) and 4 control groups were studied. In both DBCP cohorts a significantly higher percentage of exposed workers was oligospermic, and the median sperm count for each exposed group was considerably lower than that of controls. In the ECH cohorts there was no difference in sperm count between exposed and non-exposed groups. The key to identifying and assessing occupationally related sperm count suppression is proper classification and interpretation of group sperm count data.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1980, Vol.22, No.2, p.77-82. 12 ref.

1979

CIS 80-1458 Fritzsch W.
Results of gynaecological examinations for fitness in working women
Ergebnisse sozialgynäkologischer Untersuchungen zur Tauglichkeit werktätiger Frauen [in German]
In 1972-1977 gynaecological examinations were carried out in 25,413 working women in the German Democratic Republic, which served to improve fitness and supervisory examinations and clarify the role played by work in gynaecological disorders. Abnormal findings and morbid conditions were noted in 23% of the women, leading to unfitness for work in 1-2% of them. The only significant association was between prolapse of the genital organs and heavy physical work. The incidence of gynaecological disorders, in decreasing order, was: menopause, tumours, menstrual disturbances, prolapse, inflammatory disease, breast diseases. There was no increase of findings in 1339 women on night shifts.
Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie, 1979, Vol.101, No.15, p.962-969. 5 ref.

CIS 80-1394 Glass R.I., Lyness R.N., Mengle D.C., Powell K.E., Kahn E.
Sperm count depression in pesticide applicators exposed to dibromochloropropane.
112 pesticide applicators using dibromochloropropane (DBCP) were studied. There was no infertility or azoospermia. Sperm count depression was associated with exposure in the current year but not in past years, as was a rise in serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels in applicators involved in irrigation setup work and calibration of equipment. Testicular toxicity of DBCP may occur in a shorter period than previously thought; the effects may be reversible in men with sperm count depression.
American Journal of Epidemiology, 1979, Vol.109, No.3, p.346-351. 12 ref.

CIS 80-1106 Potashnik G., Yanai-Inbar I., Sacks M.I., Israeli R.
Effect of dibromochloropropane on human testicular function.
Testicular function was studied in 23 workers exposed to dibromochloropropane (DBCP) during the production process. Severe impairment of spermatogenesis was found in 18 (78%). Azoospermia associated with high plasma follicle-stimulation hormone levels was diagnosed in 12 workers with an exposure time of 100 to >6000h to DBCP. There was atrophy of the germinal epithelium.
Israel Journal of Medical Sciences, May 1979, Vol.15, No.5, p.438-442. 6 ref.

CIS 80-798 Hrustaleva G.F., Čembarceva A.N., Svečnikova F.A., Beskrovnaja N.I., Potin V.V., Leščev S.S.
Pituitary and ovarian interaction in women exposed to petrol
Osobennosti gipofizarno-ovarial'nyh vzaimootnošenij u ženščin, imejuščih proizvodstvennyj kontakt s benzinom [in Russian]
These hormonal functions and gonadotrophin levels were studied in female rubber industry workers exposed to petrol as an adhesive solvent and a control group. All women with menstrual disorders exposed to petrol had normal or slightly elevated gonadotrophin levels. Pregnanediol and oestrogen levels were low, except in women with a normal menstrual cycle. The sensitivity of the ovaries to the stimulating action of gonadotrophins appears to be reduced in these women.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, July 1979, No.7, p.31-33. 3 ref.

CIS 80-777 Song of the canary.
The title of this film emphasises the fact that, for want of sufficient research, workers are being exposed to unknown hazards like the caged canaries once used in coal mines to detect methane. The film is divided into 2 episodes: the first consists of interviews with Californian pesticide plant workers stricken with sterility (abnormal and irreversible low sperm counts) and skin depigmentation. When OSHA regulations were enforced, manufacture of the pesticide was transferred over the border to Mexico. Second episode: interviews with retired cotton mill workers from South Carolina suffering from byssinosis and their legal battles with employers for compensation. Improved ventilation and dust control methods are considered.
16mm colour film, optical sound track, 58min. New Day Films, P.O. Box 315, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey 07147, USA. Available also in 2 30-min. parts. Price: US$675.00; rental: US$65 (+$5 handling).

CIS 79-1690 Baltzar B., Ericson A., Källén B.
Delivery outcome in women employed in medical occupations in Sweden.
Some 1,500 women working in hospitals for chronic diseases between 1965 and 1975, and all women working in medical occupations in 1973-1975, who gave birth during these periods were studied. Caesarian sections and vacuum extractions were above the expected rate. There was a significantly increased perinatal death rate in 1973, but this could not be related to a known occupational hazard. A local cluster of malformations occurred at 3 hospitals in 1973-1974.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1979, Vol.21, No.8, p.543-548. 16 ref.

CIS 79-1084 Ernster V.L., Selvin S., Brown S.M., Sacks S.T., Winkelstein W., Austin D.F.
Occupation and prostatic cancer - A review and retrospective analysis based on death certificates in two California counties.
Men dying of prostatic cancer (PC) in 1968-1972 were studied in a controlled trial. There were 368 PC deaths in Alameda County, and 334 in San Francisco County. 28 occupations and 21 industries were sufficiently represented in both counties for consideration: elevated odds (≥2) were found in 4 occupations (bookkeepers; shipping and receiving clerks; compositors and typesetters; and shipfitters), and several industries; horticultural services (exposure to fertilisers, herbicides and pesticides); newspaper publishing and printing; motor vehicle dealers (exposure to exhaust fumes); drug stores, drugs, chemicals and allied products; miscellaneous personal services. Limitations of the study are discussed. No attempt was made to identify specific carcinogens. Statistical tables are appended.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1979, Vol.21, No.3, p.175-183. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 79-1082 Whorton D., Milby T.H., Krauss R.M., Stubbs H.A.
Testicular function in DBCP exposed pesticide workers.
Semen studies were performed in 107 men exposed to 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane and 35 controls. Exposure was evaluated semi-quantitatively, as a function of duration. There was a clear-cut difference between the 2 groups in both the distribution of sperm counts and the median counts. 13.1% of exposed workers were azoospermic, 16.8% were severely oligospermic, and 15.8% were mildly oligospermic (controls: 2.9%), 0, and 5.7% respectively). Biopsy of the most severe cases showed generalised absence of all spermatogenic activity, and the histological pattern suggested that the seminiferous tubules were the site of damage.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1979, Vol.21, No.3, p.161-166. Illus. 10 ref.

1978

CIS 79-212 Maragi J.A.
Health damage ascribed to an argon-shielded welding process using high frequencies for striking the arc - Investigation by a plant physician
Nuisances rapportées à une installation de soudage sous argon utilisant les hautes fréquences pour l'amorçage de l'arc - Enquête du médecin du travail. [in French]
MD thesis. Following complaints of metrorrhagia, mammary congestion and asthenia made by 3 female workers operating this type of welding set in windowless premises, an industrial physician undertook an investigation covering the technical aspects of the workplace (thorough inspection of the welding sets, correspondence and consultations with the constructor), medical aspects (clinical consultation for occupational diseases, ophthalmology), industrial hygiene (monitoring and testing of the workplace air) and psychological aspects (interviews with the employees, re-arrangement of the workplace). The author describes in detail the above investigation, on completion of which the investigator concluded that the disorders the women complained of could hardly be blamed on the welding sets and was more likely to be subjective (but admitted that the subsequent course of the women's health status might disprove this). The author uses this incident as a basis for a roundup of the state of the art concerning occupational disease related to argon-shielded welding, microwaves and work in windowless premises.
Université de Paris VII, Faculté de médecine Xavier Bichat, Paris, France, 1978. 49p. 43 ref.

CIS 79-258 Comprehensive bibliography on pregnancy and work.
This bibliography is part of the results of a project to provide physicians with information on potential hazards in the work and work environment of the pregnant worker (CIS 78-1758). A panel of physicians and obstetricians was assisted by specialists in various fields to compile the bibliography. In the English-language and foreign-language literature sections are grouped: women, pregnancy, and occupational health; economic and legal aspects; reproductive system (reproductive complications, environmental factors, high risk pregnancy); cardiovascular system; pulmonary system; musculoskeletal system; neurologic system.
DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No.78-132, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Mar. 1978. 130p. Approx. 1850 ref.

1977

CIS 79-898 Women in the workplace - A symposium.
Record of proceedings of the symposium (Oakland, California, 24-25 Mar. 1977), at which the following principal themes were discussed: how the occupational environment can affect the ability of women to have healthy children; hazards that affect reproduction; health hazards to working women (mining industry, health care facilities, occupational diseases of beauticians, electronics manufacturing, rubber/plastics industry, airline industry); medico-legal aspects; guidelines for evaluating the disability of pregnancy: trends in US Federal Occupational Health Standards and their impact on women; job modification for better safety and efficiency; the trade union perspective on women in the workplace; panel discussion on societal responsibilitites. Open question-and-answer session (CRT terminals; possible effect of some toxic chemicals on women workers' menstrual periods; teratogenicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, etc.).
American Industrial Hygiene Association, 475 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, Ohio 44311, USA, Mar. 1977. 162p. 94 ref.

CIS 78-484 Gončaruk G.A.
Occupational health problems of women working in the mercury production industry.
Voprosy gigieny truda ženščin pri proizvodstve rtuti [in Russian]
Results of evaluations of mercury exposure in summer and winter in several workplaces in a cinnabar roasting plant and data concerning morbidity in women employed in the various workplaces. Mercury concentrations varied between traces and 0.08mg/m³. The most common ailments were toxicoses, miscarriages and gynaecological disorders. The author recommends early (pre-employment) screening for history of gynaecological disorders, strict medical supervision of women exposed to mercury, and transfer of all pregnant women to non-exposed work.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, May 1977, No.5, p.17-20. 4 ref.

CIS 78-476 Syrovadko O.N., Malyševa Z.V.
Working conditions and their influence on gynaecological parameters in women manufacturing enamel-insulated wire
Uslovija truda i vlijanie ih na nekotorye specifičeskie funkcii ženščin, zanjatyh v proizvodstve ėmaljprovodov [in Russian]
The paints used in enamelling of electric wire often contain polyvinyl acetates or polyesters; solvents are based on chlorobenzene, ethylcellosolve, etc. A controlled study in these workers showed absenteeism due to inflammation of the genital apparatus or menstrual disorders to be considerably higher in the exposed group. These women exhibited hormonal and genital anomalies attributed to the chronic effect of the chemicals used. It is recommended that pregnant and nursing women be transferred to other work.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Apr. 1977, No.4, p.25-28. 4 ref.

1976

CIS 78-435 Hundeiker M., Glossman V.
Oil keratosis and scrotal cancer in a lathe operator. How to prevent this occupational disease
Kératose des huiles et épithélioma du scrotum chez un tourneur. Comment prévenir l'apparition de cette maladie professionnelle. [in French]
Translation of: Ölkeratosen und Skrotalkarzinom, eine vermeidbare Berufskrankheit des Metalldrehers. Berufsdermatosen, Aulendorf i. Württ., Germany (Fed.Rep.), Oct. 1975, Vol.23, No.5, p.174-178. Illus. 7 ref. (CIS 76-1959). Case report of a 39-year-old lathe operator who had suffered from oil acne 10 years earlier. After the change to a plant with better conditions of occupational hygiene, the disease healed completely in a short time. Some years later multiple carcinoma of the squamous epithelium developed from wart-like changes of the scrotum, which had at first been overlooked. This illustrates the need for periodic examinations and the importance of hygienic conditions in the plant.
Traduction INRS 71 B-76, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1976. 5p. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 77-798 Panova Z.
Menstrual and reproductive functions and gynaecological morbidity in women occupationally exposed to petrol
Menstrualna, generativna funkcija i ginekologična zabolevaemost ženi v profesionalen kontakt s benzin [in Bulgarian]
Results of gynaecological examination of 100 women (18-55 years) working for 1-36 years in tyre manufacturing: menstrual disorders in 50% of the exposed women, aged 40 and over (against 18.7% in controls); cyclic metrorrhagia in 21% (8.3% in controls); disturbance of reproductive function, especially due to late toxicosis, in 39% of exposed pregnant women (1.6% in controls); malformations of newborn in 13% (1.6% in controls). Gynaecological morbidity was related to length of occupational exposure.
Letopisi na higienno-epidemiologičnata služba, 1976, Vol.20, No.1, p.53-56. 6 ref.

CIS 76-1330 Infante P.F., Wagoner J.K., McMichael A.J., Waxweiler R.J., Falk H.
Genetic risks of vinyl chloride.
This study covered 95 vinyl chloride polymerisation workers, and 158 rubber and PVC fabrication workers as controls. A significant excess of foetal loss was found among wives of the vinyl chloride group. Possible mechanisms by which foetal loss may arise are briefly discussed: either foetal or maternal toxicity or germ-cell mutagenesis in the mother through indirect vinyl chloride exposure from the father might be considered, although the high volatility of vinyl chloride seems to exclude this possibility, the most probable cause being germ-cell damage in the father through direct exposure. Further details of the method of data collection are added in a letter from the authors to the Editor in: Lancet, London, United Kingdom, 12 June 1976, Vol.1, No.7972, p.1289-1290. 3 ref.
Lancet, 3 Apr. 1976, Vol.1, No.7962, p.734-735. 13 ref.

1975

CIS 76-1959 Hundeiker M., Glossmann V.
Oil keratosis and scrotal cancer, an avoidable occupational disease of lathe operators
Ölkeratosen und Skrotalkarzinom, eine vermeidbare Berufskrankheit des Metalldrehers [in German]
Case report of a 39-year-old lathe operator who had suffered from oil acne 10 years earlier. After the change to a plant with better conditions of occupational hygiene, the disease healed completely in a short time. Some years later multiple carcinoma of the squamous epithelium developed from wart-like changes of the scrotum, which had at first been overlooked. This illustrates the need for periodic examinations and the importance of hygienic conditions in the plant.
Berufs-Dermatosen, Oct. 1975, Vol.23, No.5, p.174-178. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 76-1365 Zlobina N.S., Izjumova A.S., Ragul'e N.Ju.
Effects of low styrene concentrations on the specific functions of the female organism
O vlijanii nizkih koncentracij stirola na specifičeskie funkcii ženskogo organizma [in Russian]
Statistical evaluation of the results of gynaecological examinations of 110 styrene-exposed women (concentrations around the Soviet TLV: 5mg/m³) employed in manufacturing polystyrene products, and of 231 controls. The authors observed menstrual disorders, particularly perturbations of the menstrual cycle and a hypermenorrhoea syndrome. The styrene-exposed women often suffered from toxicoses during gestation. Experiments carried out in white rats confirmed the gonadotropic effects of styrene in concentrations approaching the TLV.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Dec. 1975, No.12, p.21-25. 8 ref.

CIS 76-1284 Frolova T.P.
Particular effects of vibration on blood circulation in female lower abdominal organs at different phases of the menstrual cycle
Osobennosti vozdejstvija vibracii na krovosnabženie organov malogo taza ženščin v raznye periody menstrual'nogo cikla [in Russian]
An occupational health survey of 30 young women agricultural tractor drivers showed that low-frequency vibration, to which these women were occupationally exposed, caused blood circulation disorders in the lower abdominal organs. These disorders were evidenced by stasis phenomena, ascribed to veinous dysfunction due to the effect of vibration. The most pronounced circulatory impairment was observed during menstruation. The author recommends that women tractor drivers should be given a lighter workload during menstruation or be temporarily transferred to other work not involving exposure to vibration, during these periods.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Dec. 1975, No.12, p.14-18. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 76-1364 Šumilina A.V.
Genetic and menstrual functions in women occupationally exposed to formaldehyde
Menstrual'naja i detorodnaja funkcii rabotnic, imejuščih po uslovijam proizvodstva kontakt s formal'degidom [in Russian]
Results of gynaecological examinations of 446 women employed in finishing, inspecting and taking up fabrics treated with formaldehyde-based finishings. Women applying the finishings were sometimes exposed to concentrations of 1.5 to 4.5mg/m³ (the Soviet TLV is 0.5mg/m³), whereas those inspecting the finished fabrics were exposed to concentrations below the TLV. The author observed statistically more significant menstrual disorders (principally dysmenorrhoea) among the women exposed to formaldehyde than among controls. The percentage of children underweight at birth born to formaldehyde-exposed women was higher than among the controls.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Dec. 1975, No.12, p.18-21. 6 ref.

CIS 76-180 Lancranjan I., Popescu H.I., Găvănescu O., Klepsch I., Şerbănescu M.
Reproductive ability of workmen occupationally exposed to lead.
The subjects of this survey were divided into 4 groups: 23 workers with lead poisoning, 42 with moderate exposure, 35 with slight, and 50 with physiological levels. Workers in the first 2 groups showed asthenospermia, hypospermia and teratospermia; the reproductive powers of the others were not affected. Hypofertility due to lead poisoning possibly results from a direct effect on the gonads, as no action on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis was noted.
Archives of Environmental Health, Aug. 1975, Vol.30, No.8, p.396-401. Illus. 27 ref.

CIS 76-118 Popescu H.I., Lancranjan I.
Spermatogenesis alteration during protracted irradiation in man.
Semen analysis was performed in 72 persons with long-term (up to 22 years) exposure to ionising radiation (12 medical radiology workers, 6 luminous dial painters, 32 industrial technicians, 22 uranium miners) and 42 controls. The incidence of hypospermia (45.8%), asthenospermia (68%) and teratospermia (75%) was significantly increased, a relationship between these effects and degree of exposure being noted. Parvisemia did not differ significantly from control values. Hypofertility and infertility were correspondingly frequent. The findings are discussed in relation to the literature.
Health Physics, May 1975, Vol.28, No.5, p.567-573. Illus. 27 ref.

1974

CIS 76-1086 Wahlberg J.E.
Occupational and non-occupational scrotal cancer in Sweden, 1958-1970.
Of 34 cases of scrotal squamous cell carcinoma, 21% were considered related to exposure to oil during operation of automatic lathes. The remaining cases were non-occupational. One patient who had long exposure to oil and oil mist developed lung cancer. These cases and their developments are discussed in some detail.
Acta dermato-venereologica, 1974, No.54, p.471-474. 14 ref.

CIS 74-1380 Leong B.K.J., Ts'o T.O.T., Chenoweth M.B.
Testicular atrophy from inhalation of ethylene oxide cyclic tetramer.
Rats were exposed to 0.5 and 1.0ppm ethylene oxide cyclic tetramer (EOCT or 1,4,7,10-tetraoxacyclododecane) vapours for 7 h/day, 5 days/week for 3 weeks. Both concentrations produced long-lasting testicular atrophy. Atrophy of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles was also noted following exposure, but these organs returned to normal appearance and size within 2-3 weeks. Exposure to 1.0ppm of EOCT caused severe anorexia, loss of body weight, asthenia and body tremors; these effects were reversible.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Feb. 1974, Vol.27, No.2, p.342-354. Illus. 11 ref.

1973

CIS 74-1044 Vasileva I.A.
Experimental data on the effect of small concentrations of carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide on the menstrual function and the estrual cycle
Vlijanie malyh koncentracij serougleroda i serovodoroda na menstrual'nuju funkciju ženšěin i ėstral'nyj cikl v ėksperimente [in Russian]
The author observed that women workers employed in the viscose industry and exposed to small concentrations of carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide, as well as to a relatively high surrounding temperature and humidity, suffered more frequently from changes in the ovarian function than non-exposed women. She also observed an estrual cycle of longer duration among female rats exposed to similar conditions in laboratory experiments. A lower carbon disulfide TLV is recommended in the case of simultaneous exposure to hydrogen sulfide.
Gigiena i sanitarija, July 1973, No.7, p.24-27. 7 ref.

CIS 74-797 Samojlova A.I., Korol'kova O.A.
The incidence of gynaecological disorders in female shoe-industry workers and their relationship to work posture
Morbidité gynécologique en fonction de la posture de travail chez les ouvrières de l'industrie de la chaussure. [in French]
French translation of: Ginekologičeskaja zabolevaemost' rabotnic obuvnogo proisvodstva v svjazi s rabočej pozoj. Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Moskva, USSR, Apr.1972, Vol.16, No.4, p.49-52. 6 ref. A study of working conditions and the incidence of gynaecological disorders amongst 200 female shoe-industry workers. Tables show gynaecological findings related to standing and sitting postures, age and length of employment. The incidence of females affected by gynaecological incapacity for work was 5-7%. Statistical analysis showed that there is a clear relationship between standing posture and dysmenorrhoea (P>0.001) and retroflexio uteri (P>0.01). To correct the situation, 2 additional 10-min work breaks and, in the second half of the shift, compensatory gymnastics were introduced. Ergonomic improvements are also recommended.
Translation INRS 60 B-73, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1973. 8p. 6 ref.

CIS 74-463 Haas T., Woitowitz H.J., Schaller K.H.
Occupational mercury poisoning and pregnancy
Berufliche Quecksilbervergiftung und Schwangerschaft [in German]
Report on the case of a woman with chronic occupational mercury poisoning who gave birth to a stillborn child after she had left the occupation in which she was exposed to mercury vapour. A premature live birth followed a second, 8-month, pregnancy. Both the mother and her now 12-year-old son still have urinary mercury levels above normal. The permeability of the placenta to inorganic mercury is discussed.
Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Präventivmedizin, May 1973, Vol.8, No.5, p.123-124. 14 ref.

1972

CIS 75-128 Panova Z.
Early changes in the ovarian function of women in occupational contact with inorganic lead.
Results of ovarian function studies in 100 female workers exposed to lead-tin alloys in a printing-plate factory. Diagnostic techniques used were cytology of vaginal smears, determination of ALAD activity and urinary coproporphyrins, and counts of stippled erythrocytes and reticulocytes. Comparisons with a control group of 100 non-exposed female workers showed a greater incidence of anovular cycles and cycles with disturbed lutein phase in lead workers. The disorders observed enable the harmful effects of inorganic lead to be detected at an early stage.
Works of the United Research Institute of Hygiene and Industrial Safety, 1972, Vol.23, p.161-166. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 73-29 Samojlova A.I., Korol'kova O.A.
The incidence of gynaecological disorders in female shoe-industry workers and the relationship with work posture
Ginekologičeskaja zabolevaemost' rabotnic obuvnogo proizvodstva v svjazi s rabočej posoj [in Russian]
A study of working conditions and the incidence of gyanecological disorders amongst 200 female shoe-industry workers. Gynaecological findings are related to standing and sitting postures, age and length of employment. The incidence of gynaecological incapacity for work was 5-7%. Statistical analysis showed that there is a clear relationship between standing posture and dysmenorrhoea (P>0.001) and retroflexio uteri (P>0.01). 2 additional 10min work breaks and, in the second half of the shift, compensatory gymnastics were introduced. Ergonomic improvements are also recommended.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Apr. 1972, Vol.16, No.4, p.49-52. 6 ref.

CIS 73-954 Köppich A.
The effect of working conditions on the health of female textile workers
Influenţa condiţiilor de muncă din industria textilă asupra stării de sănătate a femeii [in Romanian]
On the basis of extensive statistical documentation, the author studies: gynaecological morbidity amongst female textile workers, external genital-organ inflammation in female spinners and weavers, the menstrual cycle and environmental conditions, and maternal function amongst female textile mill workers. It is recommended that the signs and symptoms displayed should be prevented by: the use of hearing protection equipment; the provision of adequate seating in mills; suitable work breaks; pre-employment and periodical medical examinations.
Industria textilă, June 1972, Vol.23, No.6, p.369-372. Bibl.

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