Woodworking industry - 676 entries found

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1995

CIS 96-1723 Woodworking and furniture industry
Træ- og møbelindustri [in Danish]
A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish woodworking and furniture industry. The industry is characterized by the handling and treatment of wood. Around 35,000 are employed, of which about half are working in the furniture industry. Main factors and health problems are: exposure to chemicals, accidents, noise and strain injuries. Heavy lifting, monotonous work and exposure to solvents and dust are common. The most common occupational health problems are strain injuries, hearing damage, brain damage, skin diseases and respiratory diseases. Another factor is vibration. The incidence of reported occupational diseases and accidents is high. Generally, all factors seem to have similar frequencies in all occupations except accidents in sawmills. Diseases caused by chemicals and materials seem more common in furniture factories than in other occupations. Sawmills are noisier than other workplaces in the industry.
Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 68p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax.

CIS 96-870 Holmström M., Granstrand P., Nylander-French L.A., Rosén G.
Upper airway symptoms and function in wood surface coating industry workers
Respiratory and ocular symptoms were investigated in workers employed in the surface coating of wood products using either ultraviolet radiation curing (UV) or acid curing (AC). Symptoms were investigated by questionnaire and medical examination among surface coating line workers, finishing workers and a control group. Nasal, pharyngeal and ocular symptoms of discomfort were common among all exposed groups. Symptoms were most frequent in UV line workers and finishers of UV coated wood products. Mucociliary clearance was significantly slower in UV line workers. Low levels of organic solvents and coating dusts were measured in the workers' breathing zones.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.28, No.2, p.207-220. 55 ref.

CIS 96-833 Demers P.A., Kogevinas M., Boffetta P., Leclerc A., Luce D., Gérin M., Battista G., Belli S., Bolm-Audorf U., Brinton L.A., Colin D., Comba P., Hardell L., Hayes R.B., Magnani C., Merler E., Morcet J.F., Preston-Martin S., Matos E., Rodella S., Vaughan T.L., Zheng W., Vainio H.
Wood dust and sino-nasal cancer: Pooled reanalysis of twelve case-control studies
Data from 12 case-control studies conducted in seven countries were pooled and reanalyzed. A high risk of adenocarcinoma among men was associated with employment in wood-related occupations; there was also some evidence of an increased risk among women in these jobs. Women in wood dust-exposed jobs appeared to have an excess of squamous cell carcinoma; an increased risk of this disease in men was seen only among those employed for 30 or more years in jobs with exposure to fresh wood. Results support the association between exposure to wood dust and the risk of sino-nasal adenocarcinoma. Evidence regarding squamous cell carcinomas is ambiguous.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.28, No.2, p.151-166. 36 ref.

CIS 96-198 Driscoll T.R., Ansari G., Harrison J.E., Frommer M.S., Ruck E.A.
Traumatic work-related fatalities in forestry and sawmill workers in Australia
Work-related traumatic forestry and sawmill fatalities in Australia from 1982 to 1984 were studied. Data on 79 cases were obtained from inspection of coroners' files. The fatality incidence per 100,000 person-years was extremely high for loggers (396), and high for forest service workers (52) and workers employed in sawmills (30), compared to the entire Australian workforce (8.1). Felling/trimming trees, traffic-related activities and operating heavy machinery (forestry workers) and loading/unloading logs and operating bench saws (sawmill workers) were the most common tasks being performed at the time of the fatal injury. Being struck by a falling tree, often one that had been disturbed by the tree being felled, was the most common mechanism of fatal injury. Isolation, poor work practice, errors of judgement and equipment problems were the most common factors contributing to the fatal incidents. Emphasis on correct work practice and training (especially in felling), equipment maintenance, and availability of communication and medical retrieval in isolated areas are recommended.
Journal of Safety Research, Winter 1995, Vol.26, No.4, p.221-233. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 95-2269 Lamoureux P., L'Huillier J.C., Ciccotelli J.
Single-blade edging circular saws for timber
Déligneuses monolame pour le débit des bois massifs [in French]
Designed for managers, supervisory staff and foremen, this technical safety data sheet deals with the occupational risks involved in sawing timber with single-blade edging circular saws, and their prevention. These machines are used mainly in saw mills, the woodworking industry and the furniture and packing industries. Contents include: description, conditions of acquisition of a new or second-hand machine (reception, location, installation); conditions of use (guarding of mobile transmission and working parts, noise level); implementation and user instructions (workplace, preparation, use and maintenance). The appendix includes a diagram of an interlocking device with guard locking for an access door in an enclosure, and safety distances to be applied to openings.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1986-159-95, p.169-190. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 95-1645 An employer's guide to health & safety for the woodworking industry
Guidance to employers concerning safety and health in the woodworking industry. Contents: survey of relevant regulations and approved codes of practice in the United Kingdom; woodworking machines; programmable machinery; noise; hazardous substances; waste management; abrasive wheels; eye protection; protective clothing and equipment; electricity; fire safety; plant layout; materials handling; stacking, storage and handling of materials; mechanical handling and road transport in factories; scaffolding, ladders and mobile towers; first aid; reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences; notifications and documentation; apprentices and trainees. In appendices: risk assessment; types of danger signs; training courses; national vocational qualifications; WOODNIG information sheets. A shorter version aimed at employers is also available.
British Woodworking Federation, Broadway House, Tothill Street, London SW1H 9NQ, United Kingdom, 1995. 60p.+ 28p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 10.00.

CIS 95-1726 Thorpe A., Brown R.C.
Factors influencing the production of dust during the hand sanding of wood
The effect of wood density and hardness, sandpaper grade and contact pressure on the production of dust during the sanding of wood was investigated. The harness and density of wood correlated so well with each other that their effects could not be distinguished from each other. The rate of dust production was lower and the resulting dust finer with harder woods, but the mass ratio of dust produced and wood removed was fairly constant for all types of wood. Fine and coarse sandpaper produced similar concentrations of airborne dust, but coarse sandpaper produced less dust per unit mass of wood removed. Similarly, less dust per unit mass of wood removed was produced by small samples than by large ones, but this benefit is offset by the lower efficiency of dust extraction systems when small samples are involved.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1995, Vol.56, No.3, p.236-242. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 95-1829 Lodel R.
Fire and explosion risk assessment in the wood industry
Analyse des risques d'incendie et d'explosion dans l'industrie du bois [in French]
This guide analyses fire and explosion risks in the wood industry. First, a description of plants such as wood panel and furniture manufacturing and sawmills is provided with an emphasis on collaboration among the "risk partners". Fire and explosion characterization methods are described as well as the present state of existing regulations and standards. The guide ends with a review of existing prevention and protection techniques and their particular installations in these plants.
Préventique-Sécurité, May-June 1995, No.21, p.3-7. Illus. (Supplément Sciences et Techniques).

1994

CIS 98-1427
Health and Safety Executive
Occupational hygiene and health surveillance at industrial timber pre-treatment plants
Topics: carcinogens; data sheet; hazard evaluation; health engineering; health hazards; health service records; medical supervision; protective clothing; United Kingdom; welfare facilities; wood impregnation; wood preservatives; woodworking industry.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1994. 2p. 8 ref.

CIS 98-1488
Health and Safety Executive
Rotary knife wood turning lathes: Safeguarding and reducing risks to health
Topics: acoustic enclosure; data sheet; dust control; exhaust ventilation; interlock protection; lathes (woodworking); mechanical hazards; noise control; preventive maintenance; respirators; safety devices; United Kingdom; wood dust; woodworking industry; woodworking machines.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1994. 4p. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 96-1643 Grinding of woodworking machine tools
Affûtage des outils pour machines à bois [in French]
Videotape showing the safe grinding of machine tools for surface planing machines, chain saws, band saws and spindle moulders.
OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1994. VHS videotape (length: 13min). ###

CIS 95-1888 Eduard W., Sandven P., Levy F.
Exposure and IgG antibodies to mold spores in wood trimmers - Exposure-response relationships with respiratory symptoms
Respiratory and febrile symptoms were studied by a self-administered questionnaire and related to serum IgG antibodies to Rhizopus microsporus among 212 wood trimmers from 31 sawmills. Antibody levels to R. microsporus and exposure to mould spores were related to symptoms of the upper and lower respiratory tract and chills. A relationship was found between tight chest and exposure to wood dust, but this was probably due to correlation with exposure to R. microsporus spores. The group mean antibody level to R. microsporus was a better predictor of symptoms than the individual antibody level. Personal exposure to mould spores and wood dust particles was also measured for 107 wood trimmers from 10 sawmills. Relationships were found between group mean exposure levels to mould spores and symptoms of the upper respiratory tract. A relationship was also found between tight chest after handling of mouldy timber and group mean exposure levels to R. microsporus spores.
Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Jan. 1994, Vol.9, No.1, p.44-48. 23 ref.

CIS 95-1386 Bullock W.H., Laird L.T.
A pilot study of the particle size distribution of dust in the paper and wood products industry
A particle size distribution study assessed the potential effectiveness of dust/mist (DM) disposable respirators widely used in the paper and wood products industry. To establish industry-specific data, personal samples were collected using an eight-stage cascade impactor for various operations in which workers use disposable DM respirators for protection against wood, paper, corn starch and lime dusts, and waste fuel incinerator ash (bark, saw dust and fibre sludge). Workers in the paper and wood products industry can be exposed to dust composed of up to 75% by weight of particles less than 2 microns aerodynamic diameter as measured by a personal cascade impactor.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1994, Vol.55, No.9, p.836-840. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 95-480
Health and Safety Executive
The cutting edge - Part 1: Managing for safety (UK 4233); Part 2: A safe machine (UK 4234); Part 3: A healthy business (UK 4235)
Three-part series on safety management in the woodworking industry. Part 1 concentrates on overall safety responsibilities of management. Part 2 deals with training and supervision of employees who work with woodworking machinery, with the establishment of safe working practices and with the installation of machine guards and other safety devices. Part 3 deals with other risks, particularly noise and exposure to wood dust.
CFL Vision, P.O. Box 35, Wetherby LS23 7EX, United Kingdom, 1994. 3 videotapes. Length: 15+11+12min. Price (per videotape): GBP 11.49 (hire), GBP 42.13 (sale). The complete series is available for sale at GBP 135.00. ###

CIS 95-596 Bianco M.A., Savolainen H.
Woodworkers' exposure to tannins
The tannin concentration of a variety of hard- and softwood dusts was determined by a spectrophotometric technique. Concentrations varied from 1.6±0.3mg/g for softwood to 80±30mg/g for hardwood. Analysis of dust samples from five woodworking shops indicated that concentrations of total dust varied from 0.2 to 20mg/m³, while concentrations of tannins varied from 2 to 341µg/m³. Since hardwood dusts such as oak or mahogany have a higher tannin concentration than softwoods, tannin concentration analysis in wood dust can be used as an indicator of exposure to hardwood dust.
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 1994, Vol.14, No.4, p.293-295. 12 ref.

CIS 95-186 Rundmo T., Söderqvist A.
Economic assessment of occupational injuries in furniture industries
Occupational accidents occurring during one year at 39 furniture manufacturing firms in Norway and Sweden were investigated and two models for the costing of accidents were compared. In-plant costs calculated with the spare-capacity model were two to five times those arrived at using the market-pricing model. The spare-capacity model realistically reflected true costs. A substantial proportion of the total costs was borne by other than the employing firms.
Safety Science, Aug. 1994, Vol.18, No.1, p.33-43. 26 ref.

CIS 95-244 Teschke K., Hertzman C., Morrison B.
Level and distribution of employee exposures to total and respirable wood dust in two Canadian sawmills
Personal respirable and total dust measurements were made in two sawmills. Information about job title, department, season, weather conditions, location of the job relative to wood-cutting machines, and control measures was also collected at the time of sampling. Only 16 respirable wood dust samples were above the detection level; all 16 had levels lower than 20mg/m³. Total wood concentration were also low (36% of the samples were less than the detection level), with a mean of 0.51mg/m³, and ranking from <0.08 to 52mg/m³. Measurement of exposure taken close to chippers, planers and multiple saws had the highest total wood dust levels. Sawmill department and booth enclosures also were associated with measurable wood dust concentrations, while local exhaust ventilation and weather conditions were not.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1994, Vol.55, No.3, p.245-250. 26 ref.

CIS 94-1870
Health and Safety Executive, Woodworking National Interest Group
Supervising for safety in woodworking
This booklet uses a series of questions to identify the responsibilities of supervisors regarding safety and health in woodworking establishments. Contents: checklist of responsibilities and who is responsible (operator, supervisor or manager); ensuring the right person is using the right equipment; providing a safe and healthy workplace; safety in moving and storing goods; fire safety; machinery guarding.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, June 1994. 13p. Illus. 6 ref.

1993

CIS 96-1896 Burdorf A., Van Duuren L.
An evaluation of ergonomic improvements in the woodworking industry
The effect of machine characteristics on exposure to mechanical load was studied in 28 subjects working in five small factories and operating four-sided planing machines. Work postures and external load were analyzed with the Ovako working posture analysis system. Awkward postures, such as bent or twisted back (25%), twisted head (28%), etc., regularly occurred among the operators. The proportion of working time spent with lifting and carrying wooden boards and planks averaged 41%. Statistical analysis indicated that beneficial effects on postural load were achieved by various ergonomic improvements such as rising platforms and roller paths. Work time with external load was reduced by 10% as a result of the presence of rising platforms and tables. This type of analysis may contribute to the improvement of working conditions for operators of planing machines by reducing mechanical load on the body.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Dec. 1993, Vol.37, No.6, p.615-622. 17 ref.

CIS 95-1312 Denzler J.
Silos for shredded green wood
Silos à plaquettes de bois vert [in French]
Grünschnitzelsilos [in German]
Sili per legna verde sminuzzata [in Italian]
Main contents of this brochure on the safety of silos containing shredded green wood: definition, opening, general ventilation, ventilation of the hydraulic system, transport devices, safety switches, etc. One chapter deals with safety precautions for entering silos. SUVA Regulations applicable in Switzerland.
Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Feb. 1993. 10p. Illus.

CIS 94-1409 Eduard W., Sandven P., Levy F.
Serum IgG antibodies to mold spores in two Norwegian sawmill populations: Relationship to respiratory and other work-related symptoms
Wood trimmers and planing operators from two separate Norwegian sawmill populations (N = 303 and 170) were studied by serology assessment and self-administered questionnaire. IgG antibodies to Rhizopus microsporus subspecies rhizopodiformis, Paecilomyces variotti, and Aspergillus fumigatus were measured. Personal exposure of wood trimmers to mold spores and wood dust was also measured. R. microsporus was one of the most prevalent molds assessed by serology. Antibody levels were higher and suggestive of mucous membrane irritation, chronic non-specific lung disease, allergic alveolitis, and organic dust toxic syndrome were more frequently reported by wood trimmers than by planing operators. The mean level of IgG antibodies to R. microsporus in sawmill workers working in the same work area was the best predictor of symptoms in both working populations. The results indicate that exposure to spores of R. microsporus may cause several respiratory symptoms in wood trimmers.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1993, Vol.24, No.2, p.207-222. 30 ref.

CIS 94-971 Potthast J., Marek W., Marczynski B., Baur X.
Isocyanates on the workplace - Diseases of the respiratory tract and the lung
Isocyanate am Arbeitsplatz - Erkrankungen der Atemwege und der Lunge [in German]
The results of experimental studies of the effects of isocyanates such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) over a two-year period are summarized. In vivo short-term exposure to 10ppb TDI led to bronchial hypersensitivity. In vivo and in vitro exposure to the isocyanates produced breaks in DNA. A reduction of the present maximum workplace concentration for TDI is recommended.
Kompass, July 1993, Vol.103, No.7, p.338-345. Illus. 33 ref.

CIS 94-866 Nylander L.A., Dement J.M.
Carcinogenic effects of wood dust: Review and discussion
The strongest association of exposure to wood dust and development of nasal cancer is observed in occupations where workers are exposed to hard wood dust and where chemical additives are not used. The epidemiological data available are not sufficient to make a definitive assessment between wood dust exposure and increased risk for cancer other than nasal cancer. The toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity of wood dust have not been thoroughly studied. Data are insufficient or lacking on 1) wood dust exposure levels in ambient air and workers' breathing zone, and wood dust deposition in the nasal cavity; 2) hard vs. soft wood dusts; 3) particle size and shape; 4) chemical composition of wood dust and the extent of contamination with chemical additives; and 5) interaction between inhaled wood dust, chronic irritation, and tobacco smoking.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1993, Vol.24, No.5, p.619-647. 175 ref.

CIS 94-921 The woodworking and furniture industry
Træ- og møbelindustri [in Danish]
Volume No.9 of a series of monographs covering occupational safety and health in all sectors of the Danish economy. The occupational safety and health problems in this sector are mainly repetitive and heavy workloads, and exposure to chemical substances, dust and noise. Most of the diseases in this sector are those affecting hearing, the skin, the respiratory system, the brain and the musculoskeletal system. A relatively high proportion of occupational injuries and diseases in Denmark are found in this sector.
Direktoratet for Arbejdstilsynet, Landskronagade 33-35, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1993. 72p. 29 ref. Price: DKK 100.00.

CIS 94-216 Kauppinen T.P., Partanen T.J., Hernberg S.G., Nickels J.I., Luukkonen R.A., Hakulinen T.R., Pukkala E.I.
Chemical exposures and respiratory cancer among Finnish woodworkers
A case-control study of respiratory cancer, nested within a cohort of male woodworkers, was updated in Finland. The update extended the initial follow-up of 3,805 workers from 19 plants to 7,307 workers from 35 plants. Each case of respiratory cancer (n=136) diagnosed between 1957 and 1982 was matched by year of birth with three controls (n=408) from the cohort. Chemical exposures were assessed for the cases and the controls. An excess of respiratory cancer was associated with phenol. Concomitant exposures to several other agents occurred as well, however, and no exposure-response relation for phenol was seen. An excess risk and an increasing exposure-response relation were found for truck engine exhaust. An excess risk associated with pesticides was lower than in a previous study. Slightly increased risks were found for terpenes and mould spores, which may be due to chance. Exposure to wood dust, mainly from pine, spruce and birch, at a level of about 1mg/m³, was not associated with lung cancer, upper respiratory cancer, or adenocarcinoma of the lung.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.50, No.2, p.143-148. 31 ref.

CIS 94-255 Vinzents P., Laursen B.
A national cross-sectional study of the working environment in the Danish wood and furniture industry - Air pollution and noise
A cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Danish wood and furniture industry at 200 factories. Representative estimates of employees' full-shift exposures to wood dust, vapours from organic solvents, formaldehyde and noise dose were calculated using a model for two-stage cluster designs. Exposures to air pollutants were generally below the occupational exposure limits (OELs), while noise doses were at the same level as the OEL. The overall exposure to wood dust was 0.90mg/m³, exposure to vapours from organic solvents was 0.13C/OEL and noise dose, Leq (8h), was 90.5dB(A).
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Feb. 1993, Vol.37, No.1, p.25-34. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 93-2015 Health risks during furniture stripping using dichloromethane (DCM)
This revised information sheet (see CIS 93-273 for previous edition) is concerned with health risks and precautions during the use of dichloromethane (DCM) as a paint stripper for wood. Contents: methods of use of DCM; health hazards (narcotic effects, irritation, possible carcinogenic effects); legal duties of employers; preventing and controlling exposure; special precautions during brush application and use of a dip tank; protective equipment; air sampling; fire and other risks; dealing with spills; welfare facilities.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton LU1 1PP, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom, revised July 1993. 4p. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 93-1907 Laflamme L., Friedrich P.
Institut de recherche en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST)
Patterns in task demands and in occupational accidents: A relationship investigated in the Swedish sawmill industry
Job demand characteristics of tasks in nine trimming houses were gathered using two task analysis methods involving worker observation and interviews. The relationship between task patterns and accident frequency, severity and types was measured. Results indicated that the tasks' mental loads can quite likely influence accident occurrence: accidents are more likely to occur in tasks that are heavily hindered, with numerous interruptions and impediments of various kinds. It is stressed that improving safety is also feasible and achievable through interventions focussing on work content and not only on work performance. Summary in Swedish.
Arbetsmiljöinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 70p. 26 ref.

1992

CIS 98-303
Health and Safety Executive
Guarding CNC routers and machining centres
Data sheet on guarding computer numeric control routers and machining centres (United Kingdom), 1992. Topics: computer-assisted control; data sheet; fixed guards; safety devices; United Kingdom; woodworking industry; woodworking machines.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1992. 2p. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 94-1249 Ahmetzjanov L.M.
Computerized system for the medical surveillance and health assessment of workers (an example from the Černomorec Furniture Works)
Sistema medicinskogo nabljudenija i ocenki zdorov'ja rabočih s ispol'zovaniem ĖVM (na primere NPMO "Černomorec") [in Russian]
Description of a microcomputer program for compiling and analyzing data as recorded on various standard Russian medical report forms (routine medical examinations, certification of incapacity, etc.). Examples of data are taken from the system installed at a research and production unit of the furniture industry in the city of Novorossijsk. The 30 most common causes of temporary incapacity for the period 1987-1991 are analyzed and used to predict figures for 1994. The economic impact of the various causes of incapacity is also calculated by the program, which facilitates setting priorities for intervention. The program is stated to run on IBM AT-type microcomputers; no flowchart or example of code is given.
Derevoobrabatyvajuščaja promyšlennost', 1992, No.6, p.20-23. Illus.

CIS 94-143 Oberli H., Flury F.
Kickback on planers
Werkstück - Rückschläge an Kehlmaschinen (Tischfräsmaschinen) [in German]
Rigetto del pezzo in lavorazione alle toupie (frescatrici) [in Italian]
Rejet de pièces sur toupies (fraises montées sur table) [in French]
Most woodworkers are aware of the danger of kickback of workpieces on planers. However, safety specialists of the Swiss Accident Insurance Institute (SUVA) frequently see cases in which the forces involved in kickback are underestimated. This booklet is a collection of information intended to help prevent this kind of accident.
SUVA, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Sep. 1992. 8p. Illus.

CIS 94-142 Arnold O.
Work with table saws: Cutting to a mark with the cross-cut guide
Schneiden nach Riss an der Tischkreissäge mit dem Winkelanschlag [in German]
Taglio seguendo la tracciatura alla sega circolare a tavola con la guida angolare [in Italian]
Le travail à la scie circulaire à table: sciage selon tracé à l'aide du guide transversal [in French]
During visits to enterprises, safety specialists of the Swiss Accident Insurance Institute (SUVA) often find persons having difficulty following lines when using circular saws fitted with SUVA's cross-cut (mitering) guide. These difficulties can be avoided by adapting the guide to the workpiece. Several examples show how this can be done to achieve both safety and economy.
SUVA, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Sep. 1992. 12p. Illus.

CIS 93-1972
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz
Harmful substances - Clean air in the workplace - Proceedings of the European Community Conference on 2 July 1992 in Dresden
Gefahrstoffe - Saubere Luft am Arbeitsplatz - Vorträge der EG-Tagung am 2. Juli 1992 in Dresden [in German]
Contents: requirements placed by the European Community on air quality monitoring at workplaces; the major air pollutants at workplaces in the new Länder (states) of Germany; what the chemical industry in the new states is doing against air pollution at the workplace; personal protection against exposure to asbestos fibres during building renovation; emissions by diesel engines used in potash mines and in public transportation in the new states; exposure to wood dusts in both the new and old states and reduction of wood dust emissions; extractive ventilation for the elimination of harmful substances from workplaces as practiced in the new states.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1992. 152p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 28.00.

CIS 93-1026 Safety in the use of hand-fed planing machines
This information sheet provides practical guidance on safe methods of work for the most common jobs on hand-fed planers or surfacers. Contents: accident history; guarding, setting and using hand-fed planing machines; tooling; safety devices; precautions during rebating and bevelling; power feed; maintenance.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton LU1 1PP, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom, 1992. 4p. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 93-491 Eriksson M., Hardell L., Malker H., Weiner J.
Malignant lymphoproliferative diseases in occupations with potential exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or dioxins - A register-based study
The Swedish Cancer Environment Register (CER) is a linkage of census data (e.g. on occupations) with the Swedish Cancer Register. It has been used in different studies to generate hypotheses on occupational risk factors for malignant tumours. This study investigates the risk for malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma in occupations with potential exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or other related substances. An increased standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.3 for multiple myeloma was verified in farmers (335 cases). For malignant lymphoma, an increased SIR of 1.2 was found in farmers (227 cases). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma studied separately showed an increased risk (SIR=1.2) in carpenters only (149 cases), whereas Hodgkin's disease had an increased SIR of 2.1 in sawmill workers (10 cases). Physicians also had an elevated risk for malignant lymphoma. A major shortcoming in register studies such as CER is that no individual exposure data on different agents are available. The lack of an association between an occupation and a specific malignant disease may not, therefore, be taken as evidence that persons within that occupation are not at an increased risk for that disease.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1992, Vol.22, No.3, p.305-312. 23 ref.

CIS 93-670 Safe working at woodworking machines
This information sheet provides practical guidance on general safety measures for work with woodworking machines including use of safety appliances, machine controls, working space, floors, lighting, heating, dust collection and training.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 1PP, United Kingdom, 1992. 2p. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 93-273 Health risks during furniture stripping using dichloromethane (DCM)
This information sheet is concerned with the use of dichloromethane (DCM) as a paint stripper for wood. Contents: methods of use of DCM; health hazards; legal duties of employers; preventing and controlling exposure; special precautions during brush application and use of a dip tank; air sampling; protective equipment; fire risk; dealing with spills; welfare facilities.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 1PP, United Kingdom, 1992. 4p. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 93-328 Programmable electronic systems on woodworking machines
This information sheet provides a general introduction to the application of programmable electronic systems to woodworking machines. Contents: design of control systems; process interruptions and emergency stops; software based interlocking systems; override controls; modifications to the control system.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton, Bedforshire LU1 1PP, United Kingdom, 1992. 2p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 93-327 Safeguarding veneer guillotines
This information sheet provides guidance on the safeguarding of manually loaded veneer guillotines of all sizes. Contents: hazards and risks; safeguarding the sides, rear and front of the machine by means of fixed guards, interlocked guards or photoelectric devices; starting the machine; setting and blade changing; maintenance and inspection.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton, Bedforshire LU1 1PP, United Kingdom, 1992. 2p. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 93-326 Safe working practices at vertical spindle moulding machines
This information sheet provides practical guidance on safe working practices when using vertical spindle moulding machines. Contents: accident history; guarding requirements and safe working practices; backcutting; correct use of table rings, cutters, work supports, jigs and holders; special precautions during straight work, full length straight cuts, straight work with stopped cut, shaped or curved work and work on large, small or complex workpieces.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton, Bedforshire LU1 1PP, United Kingdom, 1992. 4p. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 93-325 Circular saw benches - safe working practices
This information sheet provides practical guidance on safe working practices during work at a circular saw bench. Contents: accident history; general precautions; workpiece support; use of a push stick; use of power feed; special precautions during ripping and cross cutting, rebating and grooving, angled cutting and bevelling.
Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 1PP, United Kingdom, 1992. 4p. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 92-1932 Tosal Suárez J.M., Santamaría García G.
Occupational risks in sawing and industrial wood processing
Riesgos profesionales en aserrado y preparación industrial de la madera [in Spanish]
Summary of the report on the occupational risks in sawing and industrial wood processing, prepared by the National Safety and Hygiene Institute of Spain in November 1991. This reports compiles the results of a study involving 2,327 workers from 233 enterprises, 96% of which have less than 26 employees. 1,491 work processes and 2,153 work tasks were analysed. Among the most significant safety risks were: bruises and cuts from the use of different types of saws, being hit by falling objects, and excessive strain. Noise exposure was the most notable health risk related to the working environment. Statistics and tables illustrate the discussion. Safety guidelines are summarised.
Salud y trabajo, 1992, No.89, p.4-15. Illus.

CIS 92-1360 Portable chain-saws - Chain catcher - Dimensions and mechanical strength
Scies à chaîne portatives - Enrouleur de chaîne - Dimensions et résistance mécanique [in French]
This standard specifies the mechanical strength and dimension requirements, as well as the corresponding test method, for the chain catcher of chain saws.
International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1992. 2p. Illus.

1991

CIS 95-2024 Wood preservation
Traitement curatif des bois en place [in French]
Richly illustrated training brochure on the safe use of wood preservatives. Review of product toxicity, the duties of employers and the major safety rules applicable in plants and on worksites.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1991. 31p. Illus. ###

CIS 95-2175 Mussalo-Rauhamaa H., Pyysalo H., Antervo K.
Heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide and other chlordane compounds in Finnish plywood workers
Study of chlordane compound residues in the blood of 74 Finnish plywood workers and 52 controls.
Archives of Environmental Health, Nov.-Dec. 1991, Vol.46, No.6, p.340-346. Illus. 33 ref. ###

CIS 94-148 Mechanical working and handling of wood
Machinelles Bearbeiten und Behandeln von Holz [in German]
Lavorazione e trattamento del legno con attrezzature meccaniche [in Italian]
Travail et mise en œuvre mécanique du bois [in French]
Update of the data sheet ref. 22021 (1982) abstracted under CIS 83-823. The comments of the Swiss Federal Council's Order of 28 April 1971 (CIS 92-1081) are presented as a detailed technical information note on accident prevention in the mechanical working and handling of wood and other solid organic materials. General provisions (electrical equipment, speeds, personal protection); special provisions for surface planers and thicknessers, spindle moulders, moulding and tenoning machines, vertical frame saws, circular saws, band saws, chain mortisers, portable chain saws, knothole boring machines, veneer clippers, roller coating machines, platen presses, combined woodworking machines.
SUVA, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, August 1991. 64p. Illus.

CIS 93-1562 Macbeth R.G.
Discovery in medicine - chance or science? The case of woodworkers' nasal cancer
The relative roles of chance and scientific observation in medical discovery are discussed. The emergence of ethmoidal adenocarcinoma as an industrial disease among makers of wooden furniture in an English area is related. Regular monitoring clinics held in factories are then justified.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.19, No.3, p.379-383. 4 ref.

CIS 93-533 Survey of the wood working industry
Verkenning houtverwerkende bedrijfstakken [in Dutch]
Survey of the health and safety problems in the woodworking industry in the Netherlands, as well as of issues in workers' welfare. Common health and safety concerns observed include: incorrect use of machine guards and machine accessories (e.g. those connected with circular saws, milling machines, and surface planers); hazardous noise levels; exposure to toxic substances (wood preservatives, paints and varnishes, and glues) and wood dust. An overview of relevant legal provisions in the Netherlands is included. An English translation of this publication is available (HSE Transl. No.14163) from the Health and Safety Executive, Language Services, Harpur Hill, Buxton, Derbyshire SK17 9JN, United Kingdom.
Directorate-General of Labour (Directoraat-Generaal van de Arbeid), Postbus 90804, 2509 LV Den Haag, Netherlands, 1991. 49p.

CIS 93-532 Beumerp P.F.M., Hessels A.B., Musson J.H.M.M., Verhoeven W.E.
Working conditions in the woodworking industry - Survey of the main problems with respect to exposure to noise, vibration, gases, vapours and dust
Arbeidsomstandigheden in de houtverwerkende industrie - Overzicht van de voornaamste knelpunten wat betreft de blootstelling aan geluid, trillingen, gassen, dampen en stof [in Dutch]
In this report the results are presented of a survey of the literature on the working environment in the woodworking and furniture-making industry. An inventory is presented on the major problems in occupational health and safety, with special attention to the following aspects: noise, vibration and exposure to gases, vapours and dust. After a general section with information on problems occurring in several branches of industry (such as cleaning, maintenance and internal transport), attention is given to health and safety problems specific to the woodworking industry, such as: decortication, sawing, planing and moulding, painting, wood impregnation. Appropriate health and safety measures are presented.
Directorate-General of Labour (Directoraat-Generaal van de Arbeid), Postbus 90804, 2509 LV Den Haag, Netherlands, 1991. 118p. Illus. 84 ref.

CIS 93-531 Strategy for the improvement of working conditions in the woodworking industry
Strategie houtverwerkende bedrijfstakken [in Dutch]
A strategy is proposed by the Dutch Directorate-General of Labour for an improvement of working conditions in the woodworking industry. It concerns principally two sectors within the industry, namely furniture-making and carpentry. After a short survey of the health and safety problems in the industry, the proposed strategy is presented under three headings: self-initiated activity (stimulating employers and employees to accept responsibility within the framework of the Working Environment Act); source management (promoting the use of worker-friendly machines and materials, promoting optimal work-station layout, and promoting the use of safe methods of work); maintaining standards (monitoring compliance with legislative provisions through the activities of the Labour Inspectorate and when necessary enforcing compliance). An English translation of this publication is available (HSE Transl. No.14162) from the Health and Safety Executive, Language Services, Harpur Hill, Buxton, Derbyshire SK17 9JN, United Kingdom.
Directorate-General of Labour (Directoraat-Generaal van de Arbeid), Postbus 90804, 2509 LV Den Haag, Netherlands, 1991. 27p.

CIS 93-147 Sinks T., O'Malley M., Hartle R., Hales T.R., Ruhe R.
An epidemic of dermatitis at a large construction site
In 1986, an epidemic of dermatitis occurred among more than 5,600 construction site workers in the United States. To identify its cause, the medical facility nurses' log was used to characterise the outbreak by person, place, and time. A strong association was found between dermatitis and the handling of fire-retardant lumber and plywood. Carpenters experienced the greatest risk. Those working only with fire-retardant lumber had a rate of dermatitis four times that of carpenters working exclusively with untreated wood. Carpenters who occasionally worked with fire-retardant lumber and plywood were at moderate risk. Although laboratory tests showed that phosphate compounds could be leached with water from the fire-retardant wood, an extract of these phosphates did not irritate the skin of laboratory animals. The specific chemical agent in the fire-retardant lumber which caused the epidemic was not identified. In view of the observed association, construction workers should handle this material with caution, especially in high temperatures and humidity.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Apr. 1991, Vol.33, No.4, p.462-467. 12 ref.

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