Chemical industry - 1,986 entries found
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1998
CIS 00-1094
Van Valkenburg W., Sugavanam B., Khetan S.K. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Pesticide formulation - Recent developments and their applications in developing countries
Topics: agricultural chemicals; chemical safety; crop protection; design of equipment; developing countries; directive; ecotoxicology; environmental pollution; pesticide production; pesticides; plant safety organization; safety by design; safety guides; UNIDO; waste disposal.
New Age International (P) Limited, 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002, India, 1998. xiii, 472p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index.
CIS 00-741
Sathiakumar N., Delzell E., Hovinga M., Macaluso M., Julian J.A., Larson R., Cole P., Muir D.C.F.
Mortality from cancer and other causes of death among synthetic rubber workers
A retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 15,649 men employed for at least one year at any of eight North American styrene-butadiene rubber plants. Analyses used standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare styrene-butadiene rubber workers' cause-specific mortalities (1943-91) with those of the United States and Ontario general populations. On average, there were 25 years of follow-up per subject. The SMR was 87 for all causes of death combined and 93 for all cancers. There was an excess of leukaemia among hourly workers. For causes of death other than leukaemia, SMRs were close to or below the null value of 100. Results by work area (process group) were unremarkable for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma and stomach cancer. Maintenance workers had a slight increase in deaths from lung cancer, and certain subgroups of workers had more than the expected number of deaths from cancer of the large intestine and the larynx. This study found an excess of leukaemia that is likely to be due to exposure to butadiene or to butadiene plus other chemicals. Deaths from non-Hodgkin's-lymphoma, multiple myeloma and stomach cancer did not seem to be related to occupational exposure.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1998, Vol.55, No.4, p.230-235. 22 ref.
CIS 00-379
Iparraguirre J.F., Rogard J., Dosne R.
Special pages: Internal emergency plan
Dossier: Plan d'opération interne [in French]
Topics: case study; chemical industry; dangerous substances; emergency organization; fire drills; fire exit drills; first-aid organization; food industry; France; legislation; major hazards; organization; petroleum refining; plant safety organization; toxic substances.
Face au risque, Sep. 1998, No.345, p.9-25. Illus. 3 ref.
CIS 99-1965
Romundstad P.R., Rønneberg A., Leira H.L., Bye T.
Health survey of former workers in a Norwegian coke plant. Part 1: Estimation of historical exposures. Part 2: Cancer incidence and cause specific mortality
Analysis of industrial hygiene data at a coke plant in Norway showed that the exposures of greatest concern were to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carbonaceous particulates and carbon monoxide. Exposure to PAHs was highest for those who worked at the top of the ovens before 1976, when exposure control measures were introduced. There was a significant excess of stomach cancer among these workers, and mortality from ischaemic heart disease and sudden death was positively associated with work in areas which entailed peak exposures to carbon monoxide. Topics: airborne dust; aromatic hydrocarbons; cancer; quartz; carbon monoxide; benzene; cohort study; coke ovens; coking plants; coronary diseases; exposure evaluation; gastrointestinal cancer; job-exposure relation; mortality; polycyclic hydrocarbons; sudden death syndrome.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.55, No.9, p.616-621, 622-626. Bibl.ref.
CIS 99-2022
Etchells J., Wilday J. Health and Safety Executive
Workbook for chemical reactor relief system sizing
Topics: chemical industry; exothermic reactions; glossary; pressure limiting devices; process engineering; protection against overpressure; safety by design.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk Co10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. xiv, 241p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index.
CIS 99-2024
Health and Safety Executive
Fire and explosion risks from pentane in expandable polystyrene (EPS)
Topics: pentane; polystyrene; data sheet; expanded plastics; explosion hazards; explosive atmospheres; fire hazards; fire protection; hazard evaluation; plastics industry; sources of ignition; storage.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1998. 3p. 3 ref.
CIS 99-1538
Darimont T., Hermann B., Melo M., Rössner E.
Hesse's special programme on plant safety - A report on experience gained
Das hessische Sonderprogramm Analgensicherheit - ein Erfahrungsbericht [in German]
A plant safety inspection programme was introduced in Hesse, Germany, in 1993 after three major accidents had occurred in the chemical industry. In two cases toxic substances were released into the environment contaminating nearby buildings and injuring people. In one case a worker was killed and two were severely injured by an explosion. Of the approximately 200 chemical plants in Hesse, 64 have been inspected. In three of these plants measures had to be taken immediately to prevent ingnition of an explosive atmosphere and the release of hazardous substances into the neighbourhood. In addition, 100 liquefied gas storage plants, 7 storage tanks containing ammonia, 18 facilities storing pesticides, 10 garbage incinerators, 87 storage facilities for chemical substances and 43 cold storage warehouses using ammonia as a refrigerant underwent inspection. More than 1,000 breaches of safety rules, including the lack of overflow valves, fire alarms, gas detectors and fire extinguishers, were uncovered in the storage facilities. In addition to the results of the inspections, the inspection procedures applied to the chemical plants and storage facilities are outlined. Topics: ammonia; chemical industry; chemical plant; cold storage; explosion hazards; garbage incineration; Germany; Hesse; inspection; liquefied gases; neighbourhood protection; pesticides; safety analysis; safety by design; safety programmes; storage.
Immissionsschutz, June 1998, Vol.3, No.2, p.53-64. Illus.
CIS 99-1546
Voluntary initiatives affecting training and education on safety, health and environment in the chemical industries
Les initiatives volontaires ayant une incidence sur la formation et l'éducation en matière de sécurité, de santé et d'environnement dans les industries chimiques [in French] Iniciativas voluntarias que afectan a la formación y a la educación sobre seguridad, salud y medio ambiente en las industrias químicas [in Spanish]
Topics: chemical industry; comment on standard; environment; ILO; international cooperation; ISO; national organization; plant safety and health organization; pollution control; report; role of government; role of management; role of workers organizations; safety training in industry; safety training in schools.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. vii, 75p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 17.50.
CIS 99-1643
Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
Investigation report - Explosives manufacturing incident (4 deaths, 6 injuries) - Sierra Chemical Company, Mustang, Nevada
This report explains two explosions that took place on January 7, 1998, at an explosives manufacturing facility owned by Sierra Chemical Company, located in Mustang, Nevada, USA. Four workers were killed and six were injured. Safety issues covered in the report include process safety management, process hazard analysis, training, language barriers, operating procedures, building siting and employee participation. Recommendations concerning these issues (included in the report) were made to Sierra Chemical Company and other companies manufacturing explosives, the Institute of Makers of Explosives, the Nevada Occupational Safety and Health Enforcement Section, and the Department of Defense. Topics: accident investigation; analysis of accident causes; choice of location; explosions; explosives industry; fatalities; hazard evaluation; process control; report on investigation; safe distances; safety and health training; safety engineering; speech communication; USA; workers participation.
National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, USA, Jan. 1998. iii, 117p. Illus. 17 ref.
CIS 99-1297
Methyl acrylate CAS No.96-33-3
Topics: methyl acrylate; caustic substances; chemical industry; corneal damage; criteria document; delayed effects; fire protection; first aid; irritants; literature survey; sensitization dermatitis; storage; toxic effects; toxicology.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4 (Bte 6), 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Sep. 1998. vii, 65p. 66 ref.
CIS 99-1280
Varbelow H.G., Lehmann J., Fürniss J., Sprüssel B.
The contaminated demolition site without workers - An illusion?
Die menschenleere kontaminierte Baustelle - eine Illusion? [in German]
A time- and cost-saving method of tearing down buildings highly contaminated with such harmful chemical substances as hexachlorocyclohexane, chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans is described. It is based on enclosing the building on all sides except for the top. A water mist seals off the top and prevents the emission of pollutants. The method was successfully applied to a large, highly contaminated building of a closed-down pesticide production plant in Germany. A crane positioned outside the enclosure took down the building in 25 days. The water used to create the mist was collected at the bottom and passed to a purification plant. Topics: chlorophenols; construction sites; construction work; demolition; description of technique; dust control; enclosure; glossary; industrial buildings; neighbourhood protection; pesticide production; pollution control; toxic substances; water spraying.
Tiefbau, Mar. 1998, Vol.110, No.3, p.160-168. Illus. 2 ref.
CIS 99-965
Merrifield R., Moreton P.A.
An examination of the major-accident record for explosives manufacturing and storage in the UK
Details were found of 79 major explosives events in the manufacture and storage of explosives during the period 1950-1997. Analysis of the accident record allowed major accident rates to be derived for a number of processes undertaken in the explosives industry. It is suggested that these rates might be used in quantitative risk assessments (QRA) of explosives manufacturing and storage plants. Following the adoption of new European regulations, QRA could now play a more active role in explosives safety in the United Kingdom. Topics: accident research; analysis of accident causes; European Communities; explosives industry; frequency rates; hazard evaluation; legislation; major hazards; safe distances; storage; United Kingdom.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Dec. 1998, Vol.63, No.2-3, p.107-118. Illus. 9 ref.
CIS 99-930
Du C.L., Wang J.D.
Increased morbidity odds ratio of primary liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver among vinyl chloride monomer workers
Based on a search of hospital computer files on labour insurance, occurrence of disease was investigated in 2224 workers with occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). There was a significantly increased risk of admission to hospital for primary liver cancer, cirrhosis of the liver and other chronic diseases among these workers. Ten out of 11 cases of hepatoma were carriers of the hepatitis B virus. Alternative agents of primary liver cancer were largely ruled out, suggesting that the combination of hepatitis B and VCM exposure may lead to primary liver cancer. Topics: vinyl chloride; chemical industry; cirrhosis; epidemiologic study; infectious hepatitis; liver cancer; morbidity.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.55, No.8, p.528-532. 37 ref.
CIS 99-904
Apostoli P., Alessandro G., Placidi D., Alessio L.
Metabolic interferences in subjects occupationally exposed to binary styrene-acetone mixtures
The excretion of styrene metabolites (mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA)) was investigated in plastic manufacturing workers to verify the possible influence of coexposure to acetone on styrene metabolism. Amounts of MA and PGA did not differ in groups with different levels of acetone exposure, but when the acetone air concentration increased, the degree of correlation between styrene and MA and PGA decreased. Coexposure to acetone levels similar to those described here may hamper the use of urinary metabolites for the assessment of exposure to styrene, especially on an individual basis. Topics: acetone; styrene; phenylglyoxylic acid; mandelic acid; determination in air; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; exposure tests; metabolic process; plastics industry; synergism; urinary metabolites.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 1998, Vol.71, No.7, p.445-452. Illus. 31 ref.
CIS 99-899
Luo J.C.J., Liu H.T., Cheng T.J., Du C.L., Wang J.D.
Plasma Asp13-Ki-ras oncoprotein expression in vinyl chloride monomer workers in Taiwan
Enhanced chemiluminescence Western blotting was used to detect Asp13-Ki-ras oncoprotein in the serum of workers exposed to vinyl chloride. This oncoprotein has been associated with the development of liver angiosarcoma. 12.4% of exposed workers were positive for the Asp13-Ki-ras oncoprotein in plasma (none of the 18 controls tested positive). 14.5% of the more highly exposed workers were plasma-positive, and 9.1% of the lesser exposed. There was a linear trend between exposure and plasma-positivity. Topics: vinyl chloride; chemical industry; cohort study; determination in blood; dose-response relationship; exposure evaluation; liver cancer; serum protein changes; Taiwan (China).
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1053-1058. 19 ref.
CIS 99-898
Padungtod C., Lasley B.L., Christiani D.C., Ryan L.M., Xu X.
Reproductive hormone profile among pesticide factory workers
In a study of pesticide factory workers exposed to organophosphate pesticides, there was a negative correlation between urinary levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and sperm count and between urinary FSH level and sperm concentration. Pesticide exposure alone was associated with serum level of luteinizing hormone (LH) but not with serum FSH or testosterone or with any urinary hormone levels. With adjustment for age, rotating shift work, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, exposure increased serum LH level; serum FSH level was slightly elevated and the serum testosterone level was decreased with increasing exposure. Age and rotating shift work appeared to act as confounders. It was concluded that organophosphate pesticides have a small effect on male reproductive hormones, suggestive of a secondary hormonal disturbance after testicular damage. Topics: antifertility effects; case-control study; determination in blood; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; hormone secretion; hormones; organophosphorus compounds; pesticide production; smoking; spermatogenic disturbances; testosterone.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1038-1047. Illus. 38 ref.
CIS 99-590
Fukuda Y., Nagano M., Futatsuka M.
Occupational leukoderma in workers engaged in 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone manufacturing
Three cases are presented of occupational leukoderma in the upper extremities of workers exposed to 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (HPB). In two of the cases, symptoms of contact dermatitis were present in the same areas before the occurrence of depigmentation. An epidemiologic study of 13 workers exposed to chemicals in the production of HPB showed that 9 had symptoms of dermatitis which were more severe in sunshine or hot weather. These facts suggest that HPB and/or the chemicals used in its manufacture have irritant and phototoxic potential. Topics: 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone; chemical industry; epidemiologic study; leukoderma; pigmentation disorders.
Journal of Occupational Health, Mar. 1998, Vol.40, No.2, p.118-122. Illus. 20 ref.
CIS 99-575
Mignot G., Brault A., Caubet A., Gendre J.C., Anger J.P., Curtès J.P.
Study of the toxicity of tetrahydrofuran used as solvent for glues in the PVC door and window frame industry
Etude dans l'industrie de la menuiserie PVC de la toxicité du tétrahydrofurane utilisé comme solvant dans les colles [in French]
Topics: adhesives; tetrahydrofuran; determination in blood; determination in urine; epidemiologic study; functional digestive disorders; irritation; neurological effects; neuropsychic effects; neurovegetative disorders; organic solvents; plastics industry; respiratory diseases; toxic effects; transaminases; transpeptidases; visual function disorders.
Revue de médecine du travail, Mar.-Apr. 1998, Vol.XXV, No.2, p.84-91. Illus. 7 ref.
CIS 99-567
Axtell C.D., Ward E.M., McCabe G.P., Schulte P.A., Stern F.B., Glickman L.T.
Underlying and multiple cause mortality in a cohort of workers exposed to aromatic amines
In a follow-up study at a synthetic dye plant that manufactured beta-naphthylamine from 1940 to 1979, underlying and nonunderlying causes of death were analyzed to end 1992 using data from the National Death Index. There were three bladder cancer deaths listed as underlying cause (standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 2.4) and a total of eight bladder cancers listed anywhere on the death certificates (SMR 5.6). Mortality from all causes was significantly higher than expected. The elevated bladder cancer risk in this cohort was detected by the multiple cause, but not the underlying cause, analysis. Elevated mortality from other causes of death, especially among short-term workers, may be related to regional and lifestyle factors. Topics: aromatic amines; bladder tumour; cohort study; dyestuff industry; long-term study; mortality.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.506-511. 20 ref.
CIS 99-566
Bieniek G.
Aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons in air and their urinary metabolites in coke plant workers
Concentrations of benzene, toluene, naphthalene, xylenes and 14 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in various parts of a coke plant by personal air sampling; concentrations of o-cresol, 1- and 2-naphthol, methylhippuric acid and 1-hydroxypyrene were determined in the post-shift urine of workers. Results showed that these workers were simultaneously exposed to a mixture of aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons present in breathing zone air. While exposure levels were low compared to exposure limits, exposure was significantly influenced by job category. Compounds identified in the urine appeared to be the products of the hydroxylation of aromatic hydrocarbons present in the air as well as unmetabolized hydrocarbons. A correlation was observed between inhaled toluene, naphthalene and xylene and urinary excretion of metabolites. Topics: aromatic hydrocarbons; p-xylene; m-xylene; toluene; benzene; naphthalene; o-xylene; coking plants; determination in air; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; gas chromatography; job-exposure relation; mass spectrometry; personal sampling; polycyclic hydrocarbons; urinary metabolites.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.445-454. Illus. 51 ref.
CIS 99-102
Bransby M.L., Jenkinson J. Health and Safety Executive
The management of alarm systems
Topics: acoustic signalling; alarm systems; automatic alarms; chemical industry; design of equipment; electric power generation; human factors; report; subjective assessment; survey; United Kingdom; visual displays.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. xi, 230p. Illus. 174 ref. Price: GBP 63.50.
CIS 99-265
Kletz T.
What went wrong? Case histories of process plant disasters
Topics: accident descriptions; analysis of accident causes; case study; causes of accidents; chemical industry; chemical reactions; chimneys; computer-assisted control; confined spaces; disasters; explosion hazards; flammable gases; hazard identification; human failure; leakage; liquefied gases; maintenance and repair; major hazards; material failure; occupational accidents; piping; plant and process modifications; pressure vessels; safety analysis; safety by design; safety checks; safety devices; static electricity; storage tanks; tank trucks.
Gulf Publishing Company, Book Division, P.O. Box 2608, Houston, TX 77252-2608, USA, 4th ed., 1998. xxiii, 408p. Illus. Bibl.ref.
CIS 99-159
Guidelines for design solutions for process equipment failures
Topics: chemical industry; chemical plant; containers; drying; explosion protection; fail safety; fired pressure vessels; glossary; hazard evaluation; manuals; pipes and fittings; process engineering; safety analysis; safety by design; safety devices; safety valves.
Center for Chemical Process Safety, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017, USA, 1998. xviii, 252p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: USD 140.00 North America, USD 195.00 elsewhere. Includes 1 computer diskette (3.5", DOC and RTF file formats).
CIS 99-178
AbuDhaise B.A., AbuOmar N.I.
Phosphate fertilizer industry in Jordan: Assessment of environmental exposure to phosphate dust and fluoride
Topics: air sampling; airborne dust; exposure evaluation; fertilizer industry; fluorides; gaseous effluents; Jordan; personal sampling; phosphates; sampling and analysis; superphosphates.
Fluoride, Aug. 1998, Vol.31, No.3, p.137-142. Illus. 12 ref.
CIS 99-230
Guest I.
The Chemical Industries Association guidance on allocating occupational exposure bands
Topics: airborne dust; chemical industry; classification systems; exposure evaluation; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; health hazards; limitation of exposure; threshold limit values; volatile substances.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Aug. 1998, Vol.42, No.6, p.407-411. 10 ref.
CIS 98-1654
Gun R.T., Seymour A.E., Mathew T.H.
A cluster of haematuria cases in a pesticide-manufacturing plant
Topics: Australia; epidemiologic study; haematuria; job-exposure relation; pesticide production; pesticides; renal dysfunction; urine monitoring.
Occupational Medicine, Jan. 1998, Vol.48, No.1, p.59-62. Illus. 7 ref.
CIS 98-1260
Hale A.R., Heming B.H.J., Smit K., Rodenburg F.G.T., van Leeuwen N.D.
Evaluating safety in the management of maintenance activities in the chemical process industry
Topics: analysis of accident causes; case study; chemical industry; legislation; Netherlands; plant safety organization; preventive maintenance; process engineering; questionnaire survey; role of management; safety analysis; safety by design.
Safety Science, Feb. 1998, Vol.28, No.1, p.21-44. Illus. 34 ref.
CIS 98-1318
Takiwaki H., Arase S., Nakayama H.
Contact dermatitis due to 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride: An outbreak in production workers
Topics: azo compounds; case study; chemical industry; eczema; polymerization; protective gloves; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies.
Contact Dermatitis, July 1998, Vol.39, No.1, p.4-7. Illus. 12 ref.
CIS 98-1431
Rasmussen B., Duijm N.J., Market F.
Airborne releases from fires involving chemical waste - A multidisciplinary case study
Topics: atmospheric pollution; chemical industry; combustion residues; experimental determination; fire behaviour; fire; industrial waste.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Jan. 1998, Vol.57, Nos.1-3, p.259-275. Illus. 25 ref.
CIS 98-1368
Gruvberger B., Bruze M., Almgren G.
Occupational dermatoses in a plant producing binders for paints and glues
Topics: acrylates; allergens; binders; formaldehyde; chemical burns; chemical industry; eczema; irritants; isothiazolinones; list of chemical substances; questionnaire survey; sensitization dermatitis; skin diseases; skin tests; Sweden.
Contact Dermatitis, Feb. 1998, Vol.38, No.2, p.71-77. 26 ref.
CIS 98-1367
Whorton M.D., Amsel J., Mandel J.
Cohort mortality study of prostate cancer among chemical workers
Topics: acetic acid; acetic anhydride; chemical industry; cohort study; mortality; prostatic cancer; USA.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.33, No.3, p.293-296. 9 ref.
CIS 98-826
Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
Ecotoxicology of selected surfactants for the detergent and cleanser sector
Translation of a report finalized in German in May 1997. Topics: criteria document; detergent industry; ecotoxicology; Germany; literature survey; surfactants; translation.
S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1998. xi, 74p. 103 ref. Price: DEM 53.00.
CIS 98-814
Regional network on safe pesticide production and information for Asia and the Pacific (RENPAP)
Topics: Asia; biological insecticides; computerized data bases; crop protection; information dissemination; international organizations; occupational hygiene; pesticide production; pesticides; pollution control; safety and health training.
RENPAP Secretariat, United Nations Development Programme, 55 Lodi Estate, New Delhi 110 003, India, no date. 14p. Illus.
1997
CIS 02-1546
2-(1-Methylpropyl)-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb)
2-(1-Methylpropyl)-4,6-dinitrophenol (Dinoseb) [in German]
Dinoseb induces symptoms including diarrhoea, pyrexia, dyspnoea, hyperthermia, convulsions, jaundice and disturbances of liver function; outcome may be fatal. Animal experiments show toxicity upon acute oral and dermal exposure. The substance is highly toxic upon inhalation exposure. There are no indications of mutagenic activity. Impairment of fertility has been observed in male rats and embryotoxic effects in rabbits.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 63p. 102 ref.
CIS 02-1543
Dimethylbenzylamine
Dimethylbenzylamin [in German]
Dimethylbenzylamine concentration in the urine of workers at the end of a shift has been shown to be significantly correlated with the exposure concentration. No skin or respiratory sensitization have been reported. Animal experiments show toxicity upon acute oral, dermal and inhalation exposure. The substance is a severe irritant to the skin and eyes of rabbits. No mutagenic or genotoxic effects have been reported. The results of a carcinogenic study on rabbits are not suitable for the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of the substance.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 23p. 29 ref.
CIS 02-1542
Benzyl chloride
Benzylchlorid [in German]
Inhalation of benzyl chloride causes irritation of the eye and respiratory tract mucose and induces symptoms such as fatigue, headache and even disturbed liver function. Skin contact may cause skin blistering. Lung tumours have been observed in workers involved in the production of benzyl chloride. A carcinogenic risk cannot be excluded. Animal experiments show toxicity upon oral administration and inhalation exposure. Carcinogenic and foetotoxic effects have been observed as well as in vitro mutagenic effects.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 79p. 158 ref.
CIS 02-1541
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate
Aminoguanidinbicarbonat [in German]
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a skin irritant and skin sensitizer. Animal experiments show acute toxicity upon oral administration. The substance is weakly mutagenic but not genotoxic.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 19p. 28 ref.
CIS 02-1538
2-Methylpropen
2-Methylpropen [in German]
Synonym: isobutene. Inhalation of 100ppm of 2-methylpropen by human volunteers during 20min showed a 17% retention (difference of concentration between inhaled and exhaled air). Animal experiments show a low inhalation toxicity and no toxic effects upon acute oral exposure. Narcotic-like effects have been reported. No mutagenic or genotoxic activity has been found.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 27p. 45 ref.
CIS 02-587
3-Methylbutanol-1
3-Methylbutanol-1 [in German]
Exposure to concentrations of 3-methylbutanol-1 in air exceeding 100ppm causes irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. Ingestion causes a decrease in attention span, and ingestion of 50 to 100mL of may lead to death within one or two days. Animal experiments show a low to moderate toxicity upon acute oral and inhalation exposure. 3-methylbutanol-1 is an irritant to the skin and the eyes of rabbits. Results of carcinogenicity studies do not enable the evaluation of its carcinogenic potential. No embryotoxic, foetotoxic or teratogenic effects have been reported.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 31p. 82 ref.
CIS 02-586
Glyoxal
Glyoxal [in German]
Glyoxal irritates the skin and induces sensitization. Animal experiments show a low toxicity upon oral, dermal and inhalation exposure. It causes slight skin irritation, eye irritation which can lead to necrotic lesions of the and induces skin sensitization. The substance has been shown to be mutagenic in numerous in vitro and in vivo tests. Local tumour promoting properties on the mucosa of the glandular stomach have been observed following oral administration in rats.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 67p. 146 ref.
CIS 02-584
m-Chlorobenzotrifluoride
m-Chlorobenzotrifluorid [in German]
There is no information available on the effects of m-chlorobenzotrifluoride on humans. Animal experiments show a very low toxicity upon acute oral administration. The substance does not induce gene mutations or chromosome aberrations. Because of the structural relationship of m-chlorobenzotrifluoride with p-chlorobenzotrifluoride and 3,4-dichlorobenzotrifluoride, similar effects on the liver and kidney may be expected.
Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie, Postfach 10 14 80, 69004 Heidelberg, Germany, Jan. 1997. 15p. 15 ref.
CIS 01-319
Explosives Substances Act 1997 [Estonia]
Lähkematerjaliseadus [in Estonian]
Contents of this law (entry into force: 1 Jan. 1998): scope (handling of and trade in explosive substances for civilian purposes); international classification of explosive substances; permission to use explosives for civilian purposes; the Estonian Register of Explosive Substances; special provisions relating to plastic explosives; particular aspects of work with explosive substances (manufacture; trade; storage and recording; requirements for persons responsible for handling and trade; use; carriage; duties of persons and agencies engaged in handling and trade); state supervision and liability.
Estonian Legislation in Translation, Apr. 1999, No.7, p.3-69.
http://seadus.ibs.ee/tekstid/rk.s.19971112.231.19980101.html. [in Estonian]
CIS 99-1835
Ordóñez Baro J.
Role of the safety officer in managing risk
El papel del jefe de seguridad en la gerencia de riesgos [in Spanish]
Topics: chemical industry; hazard evaluation; plant safety organization; safety analysis; safety and health training; safety by design; safety officers; Spain; survey.
Protección y seguridad, Sep.-Oct. 1997, Vol.43, No.255, p.18-22. Illus.
CIS 99-1950
de Rooij B.M., Boogaard P.J., Commandeur J.N.M., van Sittert N.J., Vermeulen N.P.E.
Allylmercapturic acid as urinary biomarker of human exposure to allyl chloride
Allylmercapturic acid was identified in the urine of workers occupationally exposed to airborne allyl chloride. The increase in concentration of this metabolite during a workshift correlated well with the 8h-TWA air concentrations of allyl chloride. In some urine samples, unexpectedly high concentrations of allylmercapturic acid were found. Some of these could be attributed to dermal exposure to allyl chloride, while in others, garlic consumption was identified as a confounding factor. Topics: allyl chloride; allylmercapturic acid; chemical industry; confounding factors; determination in urine; skin absorption; urinary metabolites.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1997, Vol.54, No.9, p.653-661. Illus. 37 ref.
CIS 99-1642
EPA/OSHA joint chemical accident investigation report - Napp Technologies, Inc., Lodi, New Jersey
An explosion and fire took place at the Napp Technologies facility at Lodi, New Jersey, on April 21, 1995, resulting in deaths, injuries, public evacuation, and serious damage both on and off site. The accident involved a commercial chemical mixture, a gold precipitating agent identified as ACR 9031 GPA, and comprised of sodium hydrosulfite, aluminium powder, potassium carbonate and benzaldehyde. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration undertook an investigation of this accident because of the serious consequences and the characteristics of the substances involved. Topics: accident investigation; aluminium powder; analysis of accident causes; benzaldehyde; sodium hydrosulfite; chemical industry; chemical reactions; explosions; fatalities; fire; major hazards; neighbourhood protection; report on investigation; USA.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street. S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, USA, Oct. 1997. v, 65p. Illus. 21 ref.
CIS 99-1208
Sánchez Tovar L., González J.R.
Technical changes, working conditions and health profiles
Cambio tecnológico, condiciones de trabajo y perfiles de salud [in Spanish]
A survey was carried out among 112 workers of a chemical producer of paints and resins, with the purpose of identifying health hazards, in particular those related to the introduction of new forms of work organization. The results showed that the main complaints reported by the workers were those associated with ergonomics and work organization. Topics: chemical hazards; chemical products; conditions of work; ergonomics; health hazards; musculoskeletal diseases; paint and varnish industry; paints; psychosomatic disorders; questionnaire survey; respiratory diseases; Venezuela; work organization.
Salud de los Trabajadores, Jan. 1997, Vol.5, No.1, p.19-31. 20 ref.
CIS 99-1226
Bieniek G.
Urinary naphthols as an indicator of exposure to naphthalene
Concentrations of naphthalene and naphthols in breathing-zone air during a workshift and naphthols in urine collected after the workshift were determined for 102 coke plant workers. 1-Naphthol, 2-naphthol and 1,4-naphthoquinone were identified in urine samples. The time-weighted average concentrations of naphthalene and naphthols in breathing-zone air showed that the exposure level was rather low. There was a significant correlation between naphthol concentrations in urine and breathing-zone air concentrations of naphthalene. Findings suggest that the summary concentration of naphthols in urine can be used as a biomarker for naphthalene exposure. Topics: 1,4-naphthoquinone; napthtol; coal tar; 1-naphthol; naphthalene; case-control study; coking plants; detection by flame ionization; determination in air; determination in urine; distillation; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; naphthols; urinary excretion; urinary metabolites.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.6, p.414-420. Illus. 28 ref.
CIS 99-557
Hotz P., Carbonnelle P., Haufroid V., Tschopp A., Buchet J.P., Lauwerys R.
Biological monitoring of vehicle mechanics and other workers exposed to low concentrations of benzene
The diagnostic power of blood and breath benzene and of urinary phenol (PH), catechol (CA), hydroquinone (HQ), S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and muconic acid (MA) were compared in 410 male workers exposed to benzene in garages, in two coke plants and in a by-product plant. Benzene exposure was assessed by personal air sampling. In all, 95% of workers were exposed to less than 0.5ppm benzene. Results showed that MA and S-PMA concentrations were fairly good indicators of benzene exposure in the 0.1 to 1ppm range, even in a population comprising both smokers and nonsmokers. PH, HQ, CA and blood and breath benzene were less suitable, if at all, in the same exposure range. Topics: benzene; S-phenylmercapturic acid; coking plants; determination in blood; determination in exhaled air; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; exposure evaluation; exposure tests; garages; personal sampling; smoking; urinary metabolites.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1997, Vol.70, No.1, p.29-40. 44 ref.
CIS 98-770
Socie E.M., Gromen K.D., Migliozzi A.A., Geidenberger C.A.
Work-related skin disease in the plastics industry
Topics: age-linked differences; barrier creams; formaldehyde; polyvinyl chloride; dermatitis; eczema; plastics industry; questionnaire survey; risk factors; sex-linked differences; skin allergies; USA.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1997, Vol.31, No.5, p.545-550. Illus. 13 ref.
CIS 98-874
The 3rd International Workshop on Chemical Accident Prevention
Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Chemical Accident Prevention (Seoul, Republic of Korea, 20-22 Oct. 1997). Topics: chemical industry; chemical plant; conference; cost of accidents; cost of safety; economic aspects; hazard evaluation; ILO; international agreements; Korea Rep. of; legislation; major hazards; piping; plant safety organization; safety engineering; Taiwan (China); total loss control.
Center for Chemical Plants Safety, Korea Industrial Safety Corporation, 34-6 Kusan-Dong, Bupyung-Gu, Inchon 403-120, Korea, 1997. 5 vols. 91p.+122p.+109p.+128p.+14p. Illus. Bibl.ref.
CIS 98-643
Chemical and Hazardous Installations Division
Emergency action for burns
Topics: burns; chemical burns; chemical industry; data sheet; electric burns; first aid; thermal burns; United Kingdom.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Oct. 1997. 6p. 3 ref.
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