Paper and paper products industry - 220 entries found

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1981

CIS 82-2057 The caustic liquor room
Sequence of operations for caustic liquor in a sulfate pulp mill where cooking liquors are made or reconverted for use in processing wood chips by cooking in digesters. Use of lime and attendant hazards; green liquor; chemical splash hazards; emergency shower and eye wash facilities; white liquor; black liquor; preventive maintenance to eliminate possibility of liquor leakage; sampling points; guarding of openings into tanks and vats at floor level; splash aprons and other protective clothing (cotton material, rubber footwear, as alkalis attack wool and leather); access (ladders, platforms, catwalks).
National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Il.60611, USA, revised 1981. 4p. Illus.

CIS 82-1763 Namestnikov I.V., Maksimov V.F.
Fundamentals of occupational safety and health and of fire protection for the pulp and paper industry
Osnovy tehniki bezopasnosti, proizvodstvennoj sanitarii i protivopožarnoj tehniki v celljulozno-bumažnoj promyšlennosti [in Russian]
Sections cover: OSH definitions; basic OSH legislation in the USSR; labour inspection; responsibilities for non-observance of OSH legislation; OSH of young and female workers; OSH training and education; investigation and declaration of occupational accidents; main causes of occupational accidents in the pulp and paper industry; requirements to be met by premises and workplaces; safety engineering and machinery guarding; personal protection; electrical safety; microclimatic requirements; industrial ventilation; mechanical, health and toxic hazards in pulp and paper production; OSH measures to be taken during the various production phases (log handling and storage, wood processing, pulp production, rag processing, manufacture of paper and cardboard); fire prevention and fire fighting.
Izdatel'stvo "Lesnaja promyšlennost'", ul. Kirova 40a. 101000 Moskva, USSR, 1981. 105p. Illus. 11 réf. Price: Rbl.0.15.

CIS 82-1461
Federation of Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations (Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften)
Safety rules for paper-mill machines
Sicherheitsregeln für Papiermaschinen [in German]
These rules lay down requirements for the design, construction, equipment and use of machines used in the manufacture of paper, cardboard, non-wovens, mechanical and chemical pulp: general requirements (marking, noise reduction, lighting, protection against gas emissions, dust and harmful agents, fire protection, guards for dangerous parts and units, access, piping, controls, and warning devices, emergency stop devices), special requirements for the construction of different machine parts, personnel requirements (minimum age, instruction, starting up, maintenance, work on moving machinery). Appendix: list of relevant Federal German regulations and standards currently in force.
Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Gereonstrasse 18-32, 5000 Köln 1, Federal Republic of Germany, Apr. 1981. 29p. Price: DM.3.50.

CIS 82-1409 Seppälä A., Niemelä E., Ukkola K.
Use of ear protectors in the paper industry
Kyselytutkimus kuulonsuojainten käytöstä paperiteollisuudessa [in Finnish]
Data were collected for promoting the use of ear protectors in the paper industry, instructing workers in their use and for improving ear protector design. A questionnaire survey was carried out on 237 paper mill workers, 104 of whom had hearing loss. The frequency of hearing loss increased after 10-19 years noise exposure. The 47 workers who used earmuffs complained that these devices caused sweating (57%), pressed on the ears (34%), impeded speech communication (39%). Of the 172 workers using earplugs, 20-28% complained of the hygiene problems of dirty ear plugs. The reasons given by 183 workers not wearing ear protection included; slight risk of hearing loss (44%); difficulty in hearing instructions (42%); perspiration (34%); forgetfulness (26%), protectors mislaid (25%). Improved instruction of workers and better selection of hearing protectors will improve compliance.
Työterveyslaitos, Julkaisutoimisto, Laajaniityntie 1, 01620 Vantaa 62, Finland, 1981. 38p. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 82-544 Haberland W.
Printing and paper industry
Druck und Papier [in German]
This loose-leaf folder contains all the safety regulations in force in the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the design, construction, installation and use of machinery and equipment for the printing and paper industries, in particular the Act respecting technical equipment in industry (as amended up to 1979), and the safety regulations issued by the Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations. This 9th updating supplement contains safety regulations on painting and on paper manufacture, and directives on the prevention of static electricity hazards. The texts of ILO Convention 119 and Recommendation 118 on the guarding of machinery and the ILO Model Code of Safety Regulations are also reproduced.
Band 1, Schriftenreihe Maschinenschutz, Deutscher Fachschriften-Verlag, Felsenstrasse 23, 6200 Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, Federal Republic of Germany, 9th supplement, 1981, Vol.1, complete publication: 1585p. Price: DM.119.00.

CIS 82-148 Mäkelä J.
Hydrogen sulfide in sulfate pulp plants
Rikkivety sulfaattisellutehtailla [in Finnish]
Svavelväte på sulfatcellulosafabriker [in Swedish]
Hydrogen sulfide, which is given off from spent lye, may give rise to acute poisonings and the formation of explosive mixtures in air. Safety measures described include: prevention of leaks and gas/air mixtures at the design stage and by exhaust ventilation and enclosure; marking out the danger zone; assessing the hazards of certain jobs (entry into tanks and drain pipes), measurement of gas concentrations; ventilation and use of respiratory protective equipment; blanking off of drainage pipes in which it is necessary for men to work; purging and ventilation of tanks and piping prior to entry; fire and explosion prevention.
Teollisuusvakuutus - Industriförsäkring, 1981, No.3, p.12-15. Illus.

CIS 81-1845 Turc-Baron P., Gros P.
Safety in the paper industry - 3. Dry ends
La sécurité dans les industries de la papeterie - 3. Les sécheries [in French]
Origin, nature and consequences of hazards in the dry ends of paper machines. Analysis of accidents which have occurred, presented in the form of tables giving data on the type of paper and machine used; circumstances, nature and consequences of the accident; appropriate preventive methods. Study of a situation in which there are potential hazards, and safety measures adopted or recommended. The cases described are illustrated by photos and drawings, before and after the accident, indicating hazard areas. Reference to French standards and regulations.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Apr. 1981. 195p. Illus.

CIS 81-1539
Comité technique national des industries du caoutchouc, papier, carton, Caisse nationale de l'assurance-maladie
Press-type cutting machines
Presses travaillant à l'emporte-pièce [in French]
This recommendation of the National Joint Technical Committee for the Rubber, Paper and Cardboard Industries (of the French National Health Insurance Fund), adopted on 28 Nov. 1980, cancels and replaces Recommendation No.78 (CIS 1742-1970, Hpap (609)). It relates to hand-lever or foot-pedal-operated presses and especially motor-driven presses. It indicates the safety measures or devices needed to protect against falls and mechanical risks, particularly crushing of hands (inaccessibility, two-hand control, photoelectric guard), and the conditions to be satisfied by the controls. Instructions for personnel.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1981, No.103, Note No.1323-103-81 (Recommendation No.182), p.301-304.

CIS 81-1509
Comité technique national des industries du livre, Caisse nationale de l'assurance-maladie
Handling of paper rolls
Manutention des bobines de papier [in French]
This recommendation of the National Joint Technical Committee for the Book Industry (of the French National Health Insurance Fund), adopted on 28 Nov. 1980, highlights known hazards (especially falls of objects and crushing injuries) and corresponding safety measures. Main points covered: use of handling equipment; storage; worker protection, training and information. Commentaries on certain points, such as layout of communication ways.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1981, No.103, Note No.1321-103-81 (Recommendation No.121), p.293-295.

CIS 81-1462 Haberland W.
Printing and paper industry
Druck und Papier [in German]
This loose-leaf folder contains all the safety regulations in force in the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the design, construction, installation and use of machinery and equipment for the printing and paper industries, in particular the Act respecting technical equipment in industry (as amended up to 1979), and the safety regulations issued by the Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations (Berufsgenossenschaften). The 8th updating supplement contains the preamble, with background information, to the Act respecting technical equipment in industry and its administrative regulations, a list of test institutions and standard compliance markings (in conformity with directives of the Commission of the European Communities), new TLVs, directives for laboratory construction and laboratory work, and safety rules for roller coating machines. The texts of Convention 119 and Recommendation 118 of the ILO are also reproduced, together with extracts from the Model Code of Safety Regulations prepared by the ILO.
Band 1, Schriftenreihe Maschinenschutz, Deutscher Fachschriften-Verlag, Felsenstrasse 23, 6200 Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, Federal Republic of Germany, 8th supplement, Apr. 1981, Vol.1, whole book: 1620p. Price: DM.119.00.

CIS 81-1101 Rannug U., Jenssen D., Ramel C., Eriksson K.E., Kringstad K.
Mutagenic effects of effluents from chlorine bleaching of pulp.
Bleaching effluents were obtained from 6 mills, mainly from the chlorination stage of the bleaching process. They were spot tested with Escherichia coli and tested quantitatively with Salmonella. Effluents from the chlorination and hypochlorite stages had mutagenic effects. The effect was reduced by a metabolising system. The mutagenic components are characterised.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Jan. 1981, Vol.7, No.1, p.33-47. Illus. 21 ref.

1980

CIS 82-94 Miller R.K., Montone W.V., Oviatt M.D.
Noise control solutions for the paper products industry
Engineering approaches to the control of noise associated with paper machines, winders, chippers, logging operations, corrugated box manufacture, converting and stock preparation machinery, saws, power plants, outdoor mobile equipment, supercalenders, gears, roofing board machinery, fans and electric motors are described. Guidelines for the design of acoustical enclosures and for reverberation analysis in work spaces are presented.
Southeast Acoustics Institute, P.O. Box 590, Madison, GA 30650, USA, 1980. 88p. Illus. 94 ref. Price: US$45.00.

CIS 82-51 Rämä K.
Slitting machines
Pituusleikkurit [in Finnish]
Längsskärare [in Swedish]
Abridged version of an information sheet for the paper industry, which emphasises the hazards of this type of machine and the safety measures to be taken. Individual sections are devoted to: pay-off unit; circular knives; web infeed; intervention in the event of the web breaking; vacuum waste-edge pick-up device; core changing, bonding web ends together and locking of reels; pay-off and take-up shafts; pressure roll and guarding of inrunning nip; take-up unit; taking out the reel; drive and brake units; noise control; maintenance; emergency stop devices.
Teollisuusvakuutus - Industriförsäkring, 1980, No.1, p.6-7, 23. Illus.

CIS 81-560 Rycroft R.J.G., Calnan C.D.
Dermatitis from slimicides in a paper mill.
A case report of workers suffering from skin irritation as a result of the overflow of wood pulp slurry from an overhead tank is presented. The active constituents of the slimicides involved were 1,4-bis(bromoacetoxy)-2-butene and 2,3-dichloro-4-bromotetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide.
Contact Dermatitis, Oct. 1980, Vol.6, No.6, p.435-439. Illus. 2 ref.

CIS 81-249 Haberland W., Schmidt L., Schmidt A.
Printing and paper industry
Druck und Papier [in German]
This loose-leaf folder contains all the safety regulations in force in the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the design, construction, installation and use of machinery and equipment for the printing and paper industries, in particular the Act respecting technical equipment in industry (as amended up to 1979), and the safety regulations issued by the Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations. The 7th revision contains the text of the introduction (with background material) to the Safety Engineering Act and its subsidiary legislation (Administrative Ordinances), a list of approved test laboratories with their identification signs, a list of standards in force, and the new texts of regulations respecting chlorinated hydrocarbons, electrical installations, electrical installations for explosive atmospheres, pressure-jet apparatus, and organic peroxides. The texts of ILO Convention 119 and Recommendation 118 on the guarding of machinery and the ILO Model Code of Safety Regulations are also reproduced.
Band 1, Schriftenreihe Maschinenschutz, Deutscher Fachschriften-Verlag, Felsenstrasse 23, 6200 Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, Federal Republic of Germany, 7th revision, Oct. 1980, Vol.1, whole book: 1590p. Price: DM.119.00.

CIS 81-248 Chan-Yeung M., Wong R., MacLean L., Tan F., Schulzer M., Dennis R., Grzybowski S., Dorken E.
Respiratory survey of workers in a pulp and paper mill in Powell River, British Columbia.
Results of a medical-occupational questionnaire, spirometry, chest radiographs, and environmental monitoring are reported for 1826 workers, divided into 6 groups: those exposed to gases, vapours, and chemicals in the kraft mill; wood dust; paper dust; CO; various air contaminants; controls. There was no increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities in workers exposed to gases and chemicals. Workers exposed to wood dust had slightly lower pulmonary function than the other groups. Cigarette and alcohol consumption both affected pulmonary function. Environmental concentrations of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and chlorine were low.
American Review of Respiratory Disease, Aug. 1980, Vol.122, No.2, p.249-257. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 80-1763
Joint Technical Committee for the Rubber, Paper and Cardboard Industries, French National Health Insurance Fund (Comité technique national des industries du caoutchouc, papier et carton, Caisse nationale française de l'assurance-maladie).
Handling of reels and winder reel cores
Manutention des bobines et des mandrins-enrouleurs. [in French]
This recommendation was adopted on 14 June 1979. Methods of handling reels in the papermaking industry are reviewed, and the hazards listed with the corresponding safety measures: use of handling equipment, storage methods, operator protection, training and information.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1980, No.99, Note No.1256-99-80 (Recommendation No.170), p.297-300.

CIS 80-1446 Schmidt L., Schmidt A.
Printing and paper industry
Druck und Papier [in German]
This loose-leaf folder contains all the safety regulations in force in the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the design, construction, installation and use of machinery and equipment for the printing and paper industries, in particular the Act respecting technical equipment in industry (as amended up to 1979), and the safety regulations issued by the Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations. The 6th updating supplement contains lists of standards and rules, the text of the ordinance concerning the guarding of electrical machinery and equipment, a list of competent test laboratories and the new list of TLVs. The texts of Convention 119 and Recommendation 118 of the ILO are also reproduced, together with extracts from the Model Code of Safety Regulations prepared by the ILO.
Band 1, Schriftenreihe Maschinenschutz, Deutscher Fachschriften-Verlag, Felsenstrasse 23, 6200 Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, Federal Republic of Germany, 6th supplement, Jan. 1980, Vol.1, whole book: 1500p. Price: DM.99.00.

1979

CIS 82-338
Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers
Resolution on the design, construction and use of guillotines in the paper and printing industries
Résolution concernant la conception, la construction et l'emploi des massicots droits utilisés dans l'industrie du papier et des arts graphiques [in French]
Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 13 Sept. 1979, this resolution specifies the provisions it recommends the 7 States parties to the Partial Agreement (Belgium, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands and United Kingdom) and the Government of Austria, should bear in mind in drawing up their regulations on the use of guillotines defined in the text. The provisions apply to guillotines designed for cutting reams or piles of sheets of paper or other soft materials and used in the paper and printing industries, but not to multiple-knife guillotines or guillotines incorporated in automated production lines. Sections deal with: description and operation; general design and construction of guillotines; control mechanisms; safety devices (dual hand controls, beam guards, mobile guard devices, mobile guard screens); specifications for electrical circuits, pneumatic controls and hydraulic circuits; general provisions; checking, inspection and testing; repairs and maintenance.
Direction de la presse et de l'information, 67006 Strasbourg Cedex, France, 1980. 7p.

CIS 81-1844 Turc-Baron P., Ulysse J.F.
Safety in the paper industry - 2. Winders
La sécurité dans les industries de la papeterie - 2. Les enrouleuses [in French]
Origin, nature, consequences and prevention of hazards of Pope-reel winders and core-shaft winders. Analysis of accidents which have occurred, presented in the form of tables giving technical data on the type of paper and plant used; circumstances, nature and consequences of the accident; appropriate preventive methods. The cases described are illustrated by photos and drawings, indicating hazard areas. Reference to French standards and regulations.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Nov. 1979. 151p. Illus.

CIS 80-858
Health and Safety Executive.
Safety in paper mills - Fourth report of the Joint Standing Committee for paper mills.
Profusely illustrated report containing safety rules concerning: working environment (dust control, housekeeping, ventilation, dust explosions), materials handling, chemical hazards and flammable substances, static electricity, lifting operations, machine guarding, emergency stop devices, conveyors and elevators, rag cutters, pulpers, mixers, stock chests, beaters, refiners, paper- and board-making machines (drives, drying section, reel-up operations), finishing machines (calenders, reeling and slitting machines, coating machines, laminating machines, guillotines (photoelectric guards, sweep guards, automatic body-push guards, causes of repeat strokes), baling machines), plant and equipment for roll tissue products, safe access to plant, platforms and gangways, handrails and toe boards. Reference to British regulations.
H.M. Stationery Office, P.O. Box 569, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom. 68p. Illus. Price: £2.00.

CIS 80-857 Gautam S.S., Venkatanarayanan A.V., Parthasarathy B.
Occupational environment of paper mill workers in South India.
The papermaking process is outlined. Air samples were taken at various locations of 3 paper mills and analysed for contaminants. Findings in the chipper house, digester house, bleach liquor preparation and bleaching plants, talc handling, black liquor recovery plant, lime handling, salt cake handling, and boiler house are discussed. Harmful exposures (often many times the TLV) to wood and bamboo dust, chlorine gas, mercaptan (offensive odour), talc dust, caustic lime dust, sodium sulfate and coal dust are documented.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 1979, Vol.22, No.4, p.371-382. 15 ref.

CIS 80-468 Charan N.B., Myers C.G., Lakshminarayan S., Spencer T.M.
Pulmonary injuries associated with acute sulfur dioxide inhalation.
An accident in a paper mill is described in which 5 workers were acutely exposed to very high concentrations of sulfur dioxide, when the SO₂ valve of a digester where they were doing maintenance work was turned on. The 2 with the highest exposure died immediately. Histological examination of the lungs revealed extensive sloughing of the mucosa of large and small airways and haemorrhagic alveolar oedema. One survivor developed symptomatic severe airway obstruction unresponsive to bronchodilators; another developed asymptomatic mild obstructive and restrictive disease; the third was asymptomatic and had normal pulmonary function tests. The need to monitor pulmonary function in SO₂ poisoning is stressed.
American Review of Respiratory Disease, Apr. 1979, Vol.119, No.4, p.555-560. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 79-1669 Ferris B.G., Puleo S., Chen H.Y.
Mortality and morbidity in a pulp and a paper mill in the United States: A ten-year follow-up.
217 men studied in 1963 were followed up 10 years later. There was no increased mortality nor increased specific cause of death. 200 men still living showed no differences in respiratory symptoms or prevalence of chronic non-specific respiratory disease. Exposure to chlorine or sulfur dioxide appeared to have a slight adverse effect on pulmonary function.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1979, Vol.36, No.2, p.127-134. Illus. 6 ref.

1978

CIS 79-1803 Handling and storing paper rolls.
This profusely illustrated data sheet gives information on: hazards; types of handling equipment (roll grabs, rotating clamps, forklift trucks, clamp trucks, conveyors and ramps); precautions to prevent causes of rolls shifting or falling; training of operators and their protection (escape means from cab, canopy guards, pinches, cuts); strapping and banding rolls; storage; fire protection; loading; rail and truck shipment.
Data Sheet 1-596-78, Revised 1978, National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA, 1978. 15p. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 79-552 Rautiainen H., Jokelin R., Lehtonen L.
Safety of wood handling machines in the paper and pulp industry
Paperi- ja selluteollisuuden puunkäsittelylaitteiden turvallisuus [in Finnish]
This study of the operation and repair of these machines is based on a literature review, interviews and process examination in a paper factory. Guidelines for safe working methods are given and special rules for some machines; present rules are insufficient. Special emphasis is laid on machine guarding and the preventive maintenance and proper repair of safety devices. Prevention of inadvertent starting of machines is still an important problem.
Tutkimusraportti 27, National Board of Labour Protection (Työsuojeluhallitus), Tampere, Finland, 1978. 80p. Illus. 18 ref.

CIS 79-327 Karttunen P.
Drying and hardening of wallboard
Kuitulevyjen kuivaus ja karkaisu [in Finnish]
Torkning och härdning av wallboard [in Swedish]
Fire safety instructions drawn up by a Finnish insurance company, applicable to wall and ceiling board. Contents: siting of the heat treatment workshop (partition walls at the production site, fire-resistant construction, at least 2 exits, protection of control desk against steam blasts and shock waves, etc.); safety in design of mechanical installations (construction and insulating materials, hardening chambers, explosion vents, heating and air circulation systems, standby generating set in case of mains failure); correct stacking of panels for treatment, treating and cooling conditions; process control (monitoring and regulation of temperature, air velocity, etc.); automatic cooling and extinguishing systems; preventive maintenance; rules for behaviour in the event of breakdown; training of personnel.
Teollisuuspalo tiedonantoja - Industribrand meddelanden, 1978, No.3, p.21-24. Illus.

CIS 79-302 Desenfants H.
Manual handling accidents in the paper and cardboard industry
Les accidents de manutention manuelle dans l'industrie du papier-carton. [in French]
Communication submitted to the Regional Joint Technical Committee for the Chemicals Industry (Comité technique régional de la chimie), Lille, France. Contents: national (1975) and regional (1977) statistics for accidents of this type; analysis of hazards of manual materials handling, and of preventive measures at all production stages (manufacture of pulp and sheets, converting and processing of sheets); conclusions (improvement of working conditions, limit on weight of loads handled, mechanisation, personal protective equipment, training).
Regional Health Insurance Fund for Northern France (Caisse régionale d'assurance maladie du Nord de la France), 11 boulevard Vauban, 59204 Lille Cedex, France, 9 May 1978, 7p. 1 ref.

CIS 79-243 Grenquist B.
Chlorine accidents in the pulpmill industry - Incidence and causes
Puunjalostusteollisuuden klooritapaturmat Suomessa - Yleisyys ja syyt [in Finnish]
The pulpmill industry is the greatest consumer of chlorine in Finland. In 1975 there were 939 persons exposed to chlorine or chlorine dioxide, and acute accidental exposure occurred in 59 cases. Some 40% of accidents were due to disturbances of the industrial process; leaks and maintenance and repair work were responsible for more than 50%. Other factors involved were poor ventilation, non-use of personal protective equipment, and defective equipment. Recommendations made relate to: periodic inspection of equipment; instructions for maintenance workers; use of personal protective equipment; training of workers; monitoring of air chlorine concentrations.
Työterveyslaitoksen tutkimuksia 144, Institute of Occupational Health (Työterveyslaitos), Helsinki, Finland, 1978. 43p. 52 ref. Price: Fmk. 15.00.

CIS 78-1742 Schmidt L., Schmidt A.
Printing and paper industry
Druck und Papier [in German]
This loose-leaf folder contains all the safety regulations in force in the Fed.Rep. of Germany concerning the design, construction, installation and use of machines, materials and production equipment for the printing and paper industries (in particular the 1968 Act respecting technical equipment in industry, and the safety regulations issued by the Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations). The 5th updating supplement comprises lists of standards and regulations, lists of TLVs and texts concerning test markings, electrical installations where there is an explosion hazard, guarding of presses, silos and hoppers, and reproduces directives of the Council of the European Communities concerning safety marking in workplaces. The texts of Convention 119 and Recommendation 118 of the International Labour Organisation are also reproduced, together with extracts from the Model Code of Safety Regulations prepared by the ILO.
Band 1, Schriftenreihe Maschinenschutz, Deutscher Frachschriften-Verlag, Felsenstrasse 23, 6200 Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 5th supplement, Feb. 1978. Vol.1, complete: 1400p. Price: DM.79.00

1977

CIS 78-297 Rinefort F.C.
A new look at occupational safety - A cost benefit analysis of selected Texas industries.
The safety activities and work injuries of 140 Texas, USA, chemical, paper and wood products manufacturing companies were studied by questionnaire. These industries were representative of those having better than average, average, and poorer than average safety performances, respectively. The firms in each group were classified as small, medium or large. The safety programmes and work injuries costs were estimated as 7-14% of the average annual wages of hourly employees in the industries; the costs were lowest for paper products and highest for wood products. A statistical analysis of the data indicated that a subtle combination of highly interrelated safety activities best reduced work injuries. The cost-benefit analysis indicated that the most cost effective activities were: safety rules; off-the-job safety; safety training, orientation, and meetings; and medical facilities, supplies and staff.
Professional Safety, Sep. 1977, Vol.22, No.9, p.8-13, 54-55. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 78-238 Baling presses.
Baling presses are used to compress paper stock, wastepaper, rags and similar material into bales for efficient and convenient storage, handling and shipping. Recommendations are made on the vertical upstroke and downstroke, horizontal and hand-powered balers. Safe procedures, proper handling, personal protective equipment and fire protection are also dealt with.
Data Sheet 666, National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA, 1977. 5p. Illus.

CIS 77-2063 Plessis.
Workposts, occupational accidents and diseases in the paper-making industry, with special reference to a factory in south-west France
Postes de travail, accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles dans les papeteries et en particulier dans une usine du Sud-Ouest [in French]
MD thesis. Review of wood as raw material and of techniques of wood pulp and paper manufacture. Analysis of workposts at a kraft paper factory, where paper manufacture is highly automated. The physical workload is thus reduced, with a corresponding increase in mental workload. Review of occupational accidents and diseases at this factory and in the industry in general.
Université de Bordeaux II, Unités d'enseignement et de recherche des sciences médicales, Bordeaux, France, 1977. 103p. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 77-2062 Selfcopying paper
Itsejäljentävät paperit [in Finnish]
Självkopierande papper [in Swedish]
This circular draws the attention of all firms and offices, where large quantities of selfcopying paper are handled, to the allergy hazard to which hypersensitive persons are exposed. It prescribes that adequate relative humidity conditions should be maintained in storerooms where stocks of this paper are kept, use of air humidifiers during the central heating season, personal hygiene (handbasins, barrier creams), and staff information. The employer is held responsible for ensuring that the provisions of this circular are observed, to diminish the hazard of skin irritation or allergy.
Kiertokirje 1/77, National Board of Occupational Safety and Health (Työsuojeluhallitus), Tampere, Finland, 13 Jan. 1977. 4p.

CIS 77-1681 Friend J.A.R., Gaddie J., Palmer K.N.V., Pepys J., Pickering C.A.C.
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis and contaminated cooling-water in a factory machine.
Symptoms and signs of typical extrinsic allergic alveolitis occurred in 24 workers of a stationery factory, mainly those employed in or near the maintenance workshop. Investigations of the working environment and immunological studies are described. The cause of the illness was inhalation of a water aerosol contaminated by microorganisms, and attacks stopped when ducting was attached so that the air effluent from the vacuum pumps and air compressors passed through the factory roof rather than into the factory atmosphere.
Lancet, 5 Feb. 1977, Vol.1, No.8006, p.297-300. 8 ref.

1976

CIS 78-1811 Safety requirements for pulpwood concentration yard operations.
This standard lays down safety requirements for scaling, unloading, transportation, and loading, levelling, receipt, handling, and preparation for rail or truck shipment of pulpwood. It includes safety requirements for power tools, prime movers, and other equipment. Contents: definitions; injury reporting; personal protective equipment and first aid; hand tools; environmental conditions and work areas; chain saws; operation of equipment for loading, unloading, storage and retrieval; bundle bucker saws; bucking wood on trucks; protective screens; guards on moving elements.
ANSI 0141-1976, American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10018, USA, 9 July 1976. 19p. 4 ref. Price: US$3.00.

CIS 78-553 Kühn W.
Occupational safety in pulp, paper and cardboard manufacture
Arbeitsschutz bei der Zellstoff-, Papier- und Pappenherstellung [in German]
Based chiefly on examples of accidents, the main sources of hazard in this industry are described, with safety measures and safe practices for workers, technical engineering personnel and management. Sections are devoted to: housekeeping, in-plant transport, production processes (barking, chipping, sulfite and sulfate pulping, digestion, wood grinding, work on pulpers, bleaching, paper machines (nip points, cutters)), storage of paper rolls.
Verlag Tribüne, Am Treptower Park 28-30, DDR-1193, Berlin, 1976. 79p. Illus. 27 ref. Price: M.2.80.

CIS 78-239 Forssman S., Helander J., Olhagen G., Åstrand N.E.
40 years at work - Account of a medical, psychological and sociological study of the employees of a Swedish pulp and paper plant
40 år i arbetet - Redovisning av en medicinsk, psykologisk och sociologisk undersökning av de anställda vid en svensk massa- och pappersindustri [in Swedish]
Previous studies on ageing workers and their adjustment to work were reviewed. An earlier medical, psychological and sociological study of 400 men in Swedish industry was followed up. Results included: overestimation by workers of their health and work capacity; medical work capacity decreased more rapidly with age than medical work adjustment; work demands increase heavily with advancing age; the health of engineers and clerks, foremen, and manual workers decrease in that order; mental health did not deteriorate very much in the 10-year period; psychomotor skills did not decrease with age; but arithmetic ones did; sociological results were not comparable. Preliminary recommendations include job redesign and adjustment for the ageing worker; medical examinations; medical preventive measures; job transfers. A 14-page summary in English is appended.
Arbetarskyddsfonden, Sveavägen 166 11 tr, 113 46 Stockholm, Sweden, 1976. 317p. Illus. 57 ref.

CIS 77-1457 Can selfcopying paper cause allergic reactions?
Kan selvkopierende papir gi allergiske reaksjoner? [in Norwegian]
It is reported from Sweden that persons handling every day large quantities of selfcopying forms showed symptoms of allergy affecting the skin and mucosae, particularly during seasons when the central heating was operating and workplace air was too dry. To prevent these symptoms from developing, it is recommended to maintain a sufficiently high level of humidity, inform employees of the necessity for personal cleanliness, warn hypersensitive persons of exposure hazards and monitor occupational hygiene conditions in office stationery stores and offices.
Vern og velferd, 1976, No.3, p.45. Illus.

CIS 77-1325 Ahlberg K.
Slime control agents: Carcinogenic and teratogenic hazards
Slembekämpningsmedel: Risk för cancer och fosterskador [in Swedish]
The paper industry uses slime control agents on a large scale. These agents (generally thiocarbamates in solvents such as dimethylformamide), which act against microorganisms and thus prevent formation of slimy plugs or deterioration of the paper, are present in the water vapour released by the paper during manufacture. Swedish research has found ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) to be carcinogenic and teratogenic, and dimethylformamide teratogenic. Pregnant women should thus not be exposed. Appendices: list of compounds used as slime control agents and their solvents, with the associated health hazards.
Arbetsmiljö, 1976, No.11, p.11-13. Illus.

CIS 77-1160 Schmidt L., Schmidt A.
Printing and paper industry
Druck und Papier [in German]
This loose-leaf folder contains all the safety regulations in force in the Fed. Rep. of Germany concerning the design, construction, installation and use of machines, materials and production equipment for the printing and paper industries (in particular the 1968 Act respecting technical equipment in industry, and the safety regulations issued by the Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations). The 4th updating supplement comprises texts concerning eye protection, eccentric presses, pressure jet apparatus, industrial trucks, electropolishing, health protection of workers employed in electroplating, plastics converting, paint drying ovens, noise control, TLVs, epoxy resins, polyesters and vinyl chloride. The texts of Convention 119 and Recommendation 118 of the International Labour Organisation are also reproduced, together with extracts from the Model Code of Safety Regulations prepared by the ILO.
Band 1, Schriftenreihe Maschinenschutz, Deutscher Fachschriften-Verlag, Felsenstrasse 23, 6200 Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 4th supplement, Nov. 1976, Vol.1, whole book: 1350p. Price: DM.79.00.

CIS 77-651 Paramelle B., Perdrix A., Lascaud D., Ambroise-Thomas P., Aïache J.M., Cau G., Dell'Accio P.
Humidifier disease in industry - 15 case studies
Maladie des humidificateurs en milieu industriel - A propos de 15 observations. [in French]
Report of an epidemic of acute febrile, recurrent bronchitis in a paper mill where alterations had been carried out on the air humidifying system. Parasitological, bacteriological and immunological investigation of the workplace showed the pathogenic agent to be a thermophilic actinomycete which had developed in the workshop humidifier system. The course of the disease, lung function disturbances during acute episodes (pneumonitis) and immunological criteria noted resemble those observed in cases referred to as "humidifier disease", i.e. lung disease due to air-conditioning systems. A literature survey completes the article.
Revue française des maladies respiratoires, May-June 1976, Vol.4, No.5-6, p.525-536. 21 ref.

CIS 76-1542 Turc-Baron P.
Safety in the paper industries - 1. Paper winders
La sécurité dans les industries de la papeterie - 1. Les bobineuses. [in French]
After some brief statistics on accidents in the paper-making industry, the author takes stock of the hazards in paper winding shops generally (low-back pain, crushing wounds and fractures, cuts) and their causes, and points to the provisions of French legislation applicable to paper winders. The main part of the booklet is devoted to an examination of 38 accidents (with table indicating the date and circumstances of accident, its consequences and the technical measures taken), illustrated by diagrams and figures. The accidents occurred at inrunning nips of the machine when workers felt the web with their hand for imperfections, when correcting faulty winding of the paper or removing a foreign body, when webbing-in, etc.
Edition INRS No.601, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Jan. 1976. 122p. Illus.

CIS 76-1539 Rejuvenating old paper guillotines
Rajeunir de vieux massicots. [in French]
Mechanical paper guillotines hand-operated by lever are highly hazardous machines. It is fairly simple, however, to modernise them by adding, as suggested in the first part of this article, 2-handed pneumatic controls and replacing the lever handle by a compressed-air-operated piston, at a cost of merely 5-10% of the purchase price of a new guillotine. However, comments of several correspondents contained in the second part of this article show that the above solution does not exclude hazards due to possible malfunctioning of the brake-clutch system. Alterations of this kind should be made only by skilled specialists in this kind of work. The article also refers to a recently patented guard for use when disassembling and removing guillotine blades.
Travail et sécurité, Jan. 1976, No.1, p.38, and May 1976, No.5, p.278-279. Illus.

CIS 76-1292 Coudray M.
Study on the effect of working conditions on the eye in the Cellulose du Pin paper manufacturing plant (with reference to the Bègles, Facture, Roquefort and Tartas factories)
Enquête sur les conditions oculaires de travail dans les Papeteries de la cellulose du pin (à propos des usines de Bègles, Facture, Roquefort, Tartas). [in French]
MD thesis. Review of the principles of lighting conditions of workplaces from the point of view of preservation of visual function. Results of a study in the maintenance and fabrication departments of a structured cellulose pulp plant, with fixed and mobile workposts, and definition of new internal standards to improve illumination conditions. Analysis of eye hazards and eye accidents occurring throughout the plant, and recommended prevention measures. Summary of specifications for illumination and prevention of eye accident hazards at each workpost of the service department (machinery maintenance, carpentry, boiler maintenance, electricity, garage), and the fabrication department (wood shop, pulping, bleaching and refining, pulp presses, packing, dispatch, etc.), boiler room, power substation, laboratories and administration offices.
Université de Bordeaux II, Faculté de médecine, Bordeaux, France, 1975. 50p. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 76-1450
National Joint Technical Committee for the Paper and Cardboard Industries, French National Sickness Insurance Fund (Comité technique national des industries du papier-carton, Caisse nationale de l'assurance-maladie), Paris, 10 Dec. 1975.
Accidents specific to the paper industry
Accidents spécifiques de l'industrie papetière. [in French]
To prevent these accidents (principally occurring in the course of materials handling and storage, and in the maintenance and servicing of machinery) this recommendation, which is followed by comments, advocates maximum mechanisation of manual operations for materials handling, protection of personnel engaged in maintenance work on machinery or cleaning or adjusting machinery against accidental starting-up (in particular by locking controls in the "off" position), ensuring that pallets are kept in good condition, and limitation of the height to which products are stacked.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1976, No.83, Note No.1013-83-76 (Recommendation No.124), p.311-312.

CIS 76-931 Tobelem W., Sonet J., Chapiron A.
Fiche technique de sécurité 12, French National Research and Safety Institute (Institut national de recherche et de sécurité), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14.
Paper guillotine cutters
Massicots droits. [in French]
After a general introduction (description of guillotine, operation; chief features; regulations, recommendations and standards applicable in France), this technical data sheet gives a number of rules for their installation, and describes appropriate protective devices, distinguishing old and modern trimmers. It draws attention to the illusory safety devices sometimes found on old equipment (body push guards, double mechanical controls), with examples of effective solutions. On modern guillotines, protection is assured by two-hand controls, photoelectric cells, and various means of protection against crushing by the clamp. Recapitulative table of hazards and means of prevention. Instructions for maintenance and some practical advice.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 1st quarter 1976, No.82, Note No.992-82-76, p.5-19. Illus.

1975

CIS 77-344 Improvement of safety of a guillotine cutter for splitting broke reels
Miglioramento della sicurezza di una ghigliottina per bobine di carta da rifondere [in Italian]
Although equipped with protective devices (2-hand and pedal controls, photoelectric guard, key interlock), a guillotine cutter for splitting broke reels had to be fitted out with an additional control circuit to eliminate various accident hazards (possibility of activating the push-buttons and the pedal controlling descent of the blade within the zone protected by the photoelectric guard; a single relay actuated by the 2 cells; manual control of raising the blade thoughout the stroke; absence of a signal or assurance that the blade is interlocked in the raised position, etc.). Description, with electrical diagram, of alterations made to increase the cutter's reliability and exclude the accident hazard.
Sicurezza nel lavoro, July-Aug. 1975, Vol.27, No.4, p.7-8, 17. Illus.

CIS 77-247 Paper bag manufacturing.
The mechanical and other hazards inherent to the various operations and machines used in the manufacture of paper bags are reviewed, and advice is given on safety measures (machine guarding, materials handling and storage, housekeeping, clothing and personal protection, etc.) and safe operating procedures.
Data Sheet 502, Revision A, National Safety Council, 425 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA, 1975. 4p. Illus. 5 ref. Price: US-$0.50.

CIS 77-246 American national standard safety requirments for the construction, care and use of machinery used in envelope manufacturing.
This standard covers the following categories of machines: folding machines, paper die cutters, automatic and hand-fed metal clasp machines, string and button machines, paper drills, open-window die presses, straight-knife cutters, sheeters, printing presses, gum applicators, cutting and scoring units and balers. Detailed specifications are accompanied by supporting information.
ANSI B169.1-1975, American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10018, USA. Standard approved on 26 Mar. 1975. 36p. 13 ref. Price: US-$6.00.

CIS 76-2047 Parisot S.
Hazards of wallpaper manufacture
Les risques dans la fabrication du papier peint. [in French]
Communication submitted to the Regional Joint Technical Committee for the Chemical Industry (Lille, France). Analysis of hazards and their prevention at each manufacturing stage according to the procedure employed (traditional, photogravure or flexographic printing): storage of paper; preparation of inks (falling into the mixer; dragging of the upper limbs by the mixer rotor or the pigment grinder); placing the paper on the reel; printing (crushing by the rolls and gear train; cutting by the doctor blade); web slitting (cutting hazard); drying (falls from heights with closed dryer, and heat exposure with open dryer); reeling, packing and storage; miscellaneous operations (embossing, waste recovery). Sections are devoted to the poisoning hazards from solvent vapours in photogravure or flexographic printing and protection against fire and explosion hazards. The author stresses the seriousness of accidents caused by roll machines and the necessity of training and informing personnel.
Caisse régionale d'assurance maladie du Nord de la France, 11 boulevard Vauban, 59024 Lille Cedex, France, 14 Oct. 1975. 21p. Illus. 5 ref. Gratis.

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