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Agriculture - 1,538 entries found

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  • Agriculture

1980

CIS 90-375
Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social
Safety regulations concerning the use of toxic substances in agriculture [Costa Rica]
Reglamento de seguridad sobre empleo de sustancias tóxicas en la agricultura [in Spanish]
Contents of these regulations: general obligations and requirements; protection of workers; penalties.
Imprenta Nacional, San José, Costa Rica, 1980. 7p.

CIS 85-500 Nagy L.
Investigation of occupational hygiene in greenhouse horticulture
Növényházi termesztés munkaegészségügyi vizsgálata [in Hungarian]
Main hazards associated with greenhouse work: thermal balance disturbances (particularly in summer), because of high temperature and humidity, and lack of shade; skin exposure to pesticides. Recommendations: institution of frequent breaks, wearing of protective clothing, provision of ventilated and shaded resting areas.
Munkavédelem, 1980, Vol.26, No.4-6, p.35-40. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 82-1417
Health and Safety Executive
Poisonous chemicals on the farm
Summarises and gives guidance on the practical application of the provisions of the United Kingdom Health and Safety (Agricuture) (Poisonous Substances) Regulations, 1975. Sections are devoted to: summary of regulation provisions (persons to whom the regulations apply, specified substances, obligations imposed by the regulations, certificates of exemption, enforcement, soil fumigants, sheep dips, typical protective clothing); use of pesticides in greenhouses and livestock houses; general advice and recommendations to minimise risks to operators and others (always read the label, working conditions, protective equipment, precautions, symptoms of poisoning); general advice regarding the protection of livestock and wildlife. Appendices give: a schedule of operations which are prohibited except when protective clothing is worn and lists the appropriate clothing; and a reproduction of a register of persons working on these scheduled operations.
HM Stationery Office, P.O. Box 569, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom, 2nd edition, 1980. 39p. Illus. Price: £2.50.

CIS 82-819 Gromov V.L., Gromova V.S.
Effect of pesticides on working conditions in the weeding of sugar beet plantations
Rol' pesticidov v formirovanii neblagoprijatnyh uslovij truda pri propolke saharnoj svekly [in Russian]
Residual chlorinated organic pesticides and fertilisers in sugar beet plantation soil result, upon weeding, in the emission of toxic gases (hydrogen chloride, phosgene). These emissions start 18-20 days after application of the pesticides and continue for a week. With annual treatment the emissions start a week later and last for about 2 months. Maximum HCl emission occurs at higher atmospheric temperatures (during noon hours), and that of phosgene during hours of maximum UV irradiation (9.30-11am).
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Nov. 1980, No.11, p.43-44. 4 ref.

CIS 82-34 Farm storage of flammable and combustible liquids
This revised ANSI/NFPA standard was approved 19 Nov. 1980. It applies to the storage, in farms or in rural areas, of flammable liquids with a flash point at ≤ 200°F(93.3°C) and covers: scope; types of approved storage; individual containers; tanks; tanks with top openings only; tanks elevated for gravity discharge; marking of tanks and containers. The storage, handling and use of fuel oil tanks and containers connected with oil burning equipment are not covered by this standard.
National Fire Protection Association, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02269, USA, 20 Nov. 1980. 8p.

CIS 82-222 Henneberg W., Müller B.
Safe work with animals
Sicherheit beim Umgang mit Tieren [in German]
Compendium of OSH regulations and standards in force in the German Democratic Republic, principally applying to work with farm animals. Contents: zoonoses, transport and slaughtering of animals, cold storage of meat, special provisions for work in livestock rearing and work with farm animals.
Verlag Tribüne, Am Treptower Park 28-30, DDR-1193 Berlin, 1980. 139p. Price: M.4.20.

CIS 82-221 Spynu E.I., Bolotnyj A.V., Zor'eva T.D., Ivanova L.N.
Determining safe waiting times prior to entry into zones treated with pesticides
Principy obosnovanija srokov bezopasnogo vyhoda ljudej na ploščadi, obrabotannye pesticidami [in Russian]
In view of the danger of inhalation and skin absorption in zones treated with pesticides, it is necessary to lay down waiting times for recommencing work in such zones. It is proposed that this waiting time should be calculated on the basis of the time required for the level to fall to the dose permissible for the human body. Examples of the calculation.
Gigiena i sanitarija, Nov. 1980, No.11, p.64-67. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 81-2011 Navakatikjan A.O., Kransnjuk E.P., Lysina G.G.
Occupational pathology of agricultural workers
Professional'naja i proizvodstvenno obuslovlennaja patologija u rabotnikov sel'skogo hozjajstva [in Russian]
Occupational pathology in agricultural workers varies depending on the type and duration of work. Mechanisation has reduced the incidence of chronic bronchitis, gastro-intestinal tract disorders and cochlear neuritis; however, it has increased the incidence of cardiovascular and nervous system diseases. The changes observed in the cardiovascular, respiratory and sympathetic nervous systems and in adrenal function are related to the workload and the season.
Gigiena i sanitarija, 1980, No.9, p.35-38.

CIS 81-1881 Buzunov V.A., Griško F.I., Nagornaya A.M., Lipovoj V.V.
Effects of noise and heat on young persons driving tractors
Vlijanie šuma i temperatury na organizm podrostkov pri rabote na traktorah [in Russian]
Functional disorders indicative of fatigue were observed in 17-18 year old tractor drivers exposed to noise and temperatures higher than the permissible levels (80-110dB, 26-31°C). These disorders were apparent after 2-3 hours or 6 hours work depending on the body system affected. They are of earlier onset and more marked in 17 year old boys, and recovery is more rapid in 18 year olds. Wearing of earmuffs limits or prevents fatigue.
Gigiena i sanitarija, 1980, No.9, p.31-33.

CIS 81-2034
German Standards Institute (Deutsches Institut für Normung)
Agricultural tractors and machines - Combine harvesters
Landmaschinen und Ackerschlepper - Mähdrescher [in German]
This standard, which prescribes safety specifications under the Act of 1968 respecting technical equipment used in industry, prescribes safety requirements for the driver's cab, access, steering, hazard areas and elements of harvester-threshers and their accessories, with emphasis on the guarding or elimination of nips or shearing points.
Teil 2, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrasse 4-7, D-1000 Berlin 30, Dec. 1980. 3p. Illus. Price: DM.14.90.

CIS 81-2033 Baligand J.
Ministry of Agriculture
Safety training in use of agricultural equipment
La formation à la sécurité à l'égard des matériels agricoles [in French]
Profusely illustrated training course textbook on safe work with agricultural equipment. Contents: commented statistics on occupational accidents in agricultue; reference to relevant regulations and OSH institutes in France, occupational accident analysis; personal protection; lifting and carrying heavy objects; hazardous areas of machines; slips and falls; tools; electricity; tractors and self-propelled agricultural machinery; soil cultivation machines; machines for crop protection and pesticide spraying; machines for green forage and roughage harvesting silage; cereal crop harvesters; miscellaneous harvesters; transport equipment; brushwood strippers; tractor-mounted augers.
Centre national d'études et d'expérimentation de machinisme agricole (CEMAGREF), Parc de Tourvoie, 92160 Antony, France, 1980. 244p. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 81-1998 Jušić A., Jurenić D., Milić S.
Electromyographical neuromuscular synapse testing and neurological findings in workers exposed to organophosphorous pesticides
3 groups of agricultural workers consisting of a total of 195 men with moderate to intense exposure to Thimet and Avisol-DM pesticides and a control group of 26 workers with no history of pesticide exposure, were examined by electromyographical synapse testing. The neurological information recorded showed no significant difference between the pescitide-exposed and control group. The electrically evoked muscle potential series in exposed workers remained as constant as those recorded for the control group and neurological records showed no singificant deviations from normal for exposed workers. Electromyographical synapse testing and clinical neurological examination are not sensitive enough for early detection of latent pesticide intoxication.
Archives of Environmental Health, May-June 1980, Vol.35, No.3, p.168-175. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 81-1712 Rules for motor hoes and motorised inter-row cultivation implements
Richtlinien über Motorhacken und Bodenfräsen [in German]
Direttive concernenti le motozappatrici e le fresatrici da terra [in Italian]
Règles relatives aux motofaucheuses et aux fraiseuses de labour [in French]
Contents of these directives: construction and equipment (guarding against accidental contact with tools, enclosure of power mechanism, stopping device, etc.); use (operational instructions, instruction of personnel, handling, shoes); maintenance and repair. Commentary with illustrations.
Caisse nationale suisse d'assurance en cas d'accidents, Nov. 1980. 8p. Illus.

CIS 81-1686 Jabłońska B.
Assessing the protective properties of new coated or impregnated nonwovens and impregnated woven textiles uses in the manufacture of clothing for protection against liquid pesticides
Ocena właściwości ochronnych nowo opracowanych włókien powlekanych i impregnowanych oraz tkanin impregnowanych przeznaczonych na odzież chroniącą przed płynnymi środkami ochrony roślin [in Polish]
Permeability, absorption and capillarity tests showed that bonded, reinforced viscose fabrics with oil-resistant coatings, polyurethane-coated bonded fabrics and fabrics with oil- and water- repellant impregnation are suitable for protective clothing for liquid pesticides in toxicity categories 3, 4 and 5. Provided the fabric coating bond can be improved, fabrics coated with polypropylene or polyethylene film may be used in clothing for protection against concentrated substances and diluted pesticides in categories 1 and 2.
Prace Centralnego instytutu ochrony pracy, 1980, Vol.30, No.107, p.379-400. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 81-1124 Nygård K., Jarvinen E., Nuutinen J., Tupi K., Ukkola K., Hernberg S., Aalto L.
Health and working conditions of farmers
Maanviljelijöiden terveydentila ja työolot [in Finnish]
Questionnaire survey of 792 men (mean age 41) and 606 women (mean age 45) engaged in farming in 6 regions of Finland, concerning health status and hazardous working conditions. 41% of respondents reported a disease diagnosed by a physician; one out of 5 men and 1 out of 10 women reported no health disorders. Highest disease rate (particularly diseases of the locomotor and circulatory systems) was observed on medium-sized farms; there was a high prevalence of skin diseases in farmers' wives on pig farms, and 2% reported having suffered from farmer's lung. The occupational accident rate was 150:1,000 persons/work year. Most agricultural workers reporting locomotor system disorders worked on cattle farms where there was a heavy workload. Prominent problems in crop farms and cattle farming were ergonomic (lifting, posture), dust and accidents,variations in temperature, noise, irritants and physical strain. Highest rate of severe injuries was found in cattle houses, lumbering, tractor coupling, hurried field work in summer, construction and maintenance work, and unsafe practices in transport.
Työterveyslaitos, Laajaniityntie 1, 01620 Vantaa 62, Finland, 1980. 192p. Illus. 99 ref. Price: Fmk.40.00.

CIS 81-1122 Krannich K., Zärtner H., Röhr W.
Health protection in liquid manure handling
Probleme des Gesundheitsschutzes beim Umgang mit Gülle [in German]
The uses of liquid manure in agriculture and the characteristics of its components (gases, microbes, parasites) are reviewed. Conditions when the manure has been spread are analysed: survival of pathogenic microorganisms, nitrogen concentration. The hazards of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, nitrates, and pathogenic microbes and parasites are discussed. Technical prevention and personal protective measures required for transfer of liquid manure are set out.
Zeitschrift für die gesamte Hygiene und ihre Grenzgebiete, June 1980, Vol.26, No.6, p.402-409. Illus. 45 ref.

CIS 81-1169 Popovič V.
Ergonomic criteria for combine harvester design
Ergonomski kriterijumi za dizajn žitnih kombajna [in Serbocroatian]
Round-up and brief literature survey of criteria having a major impact on the design of harvester-threshers. Aspects considered: ergonomic design of driver's cab (safety, health, comfort); international criteria (ILO); criteria for structural components; occupational safety criteria. Emphasis on ergonomic criteria.
Ergonomija, 1980, Vol.7, No.2, p.15-20. 9 ref.

CIS 81-1047 Zolotnikova G.P.
Disturbances of immunologic reactivity following exposure to pesticides in hothouses
O narušenii immunologičeskoj reaktivnosti organizma pod vozdejstviem pesticidov v uslovijah teplic [in Russian]
Female hothouse workers exposed to pesticides showed, despite the absence of clinical symptoms of poisoning, disturbances of immunologic homoeostasis (inhibition of non specific immunity and sensitisation to pesticides). The extent of these changes was proportional to length of employment in hothouses. There was a close correlation between indices of morbidity in the various groups, classified according to duration of exposure, and immunologic reactivity. Prophylactic measures are recommended, as from the first year of employment in hothouses, with emphasis on the distribution of vitamin preparations.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Mar. 1980, No.3, p.38-40.

CIS 81-803 Warren C.P.W., Manfreda J.
Respiratory symptoms in Manitoba farmers: Association with grain and hay handling.
833 farmers replied to a respiratory questionnaire. The prevalence of chronic cough and phlegm production, wheezing and exertional dyspnoea, while related to smoking, was higher than expected in non-smokers. Acute dyspnoea related to handling old grain was reported by 44% of the farmers. The rate of mask wearing was low, even among those at highest risk.
Canadian Medical Association Journal, 7 June 1980, Vol.122, No.11, p.1259-1264. 23 ref.

CIS 81-800 Compendium of occupational safety and health regulations for agriculture
Zbiór przepisów bhp w rolnictwie [in Polish]
Compilation, with commentaries, of the texts of all Polish laws and regulations concerning OSH in agriculture, in force on 1 Jan. 1980 (Labour Code, Orders, Decrees, Ministerial Circulars), covering the following fields: basic provisions; obligations regarding OSH questions and legal liability in case of non-observance; OSH service; supervision and inspection of working conditions; safety training; health protection, conditions as regards occupational hygiene; protective clothing and personal protective equipment; protection of women and young persons in employment; action to be taken in case of occupational accident or disease, and compensation aspects; transport (tractors, agricultural machinery, trucks, conveyors and elevators); machinery and technical equipment (woodworking and metalworking machines, welding); use of pesticides; livestock rearing; fishing; construction of farm buildings; agricultural industries.
Instytut Wydawniczy CRZZ, Warszawa, Poland, 1980. 536p. Price: Zl.108.00.

CIS 81-799 Crawford S.M., Miles D.W.
Leptospira hebdomadis associated with an outbreak of illness in workers on a farm in North Yorkshire.
Four cases of illness attributed to Leptospira hebdomadis are reported. The clinical features were a febrile illness that resembled influenza. In one case there was a lymphocyte meningitis. Prevention may be possible if diagnosis is done promptly.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1980, Vol.37, No.4, p.397-398. 6 ref.

CIS 81-636 Electric hedge trimmers
This standard, approved as an American National Standard on 25 Apr. 1979, updates the 1976 edition. Its requirements cover cord-connected electrically operated hedge trimmers rated 120V, to be employed in accordance with the National Electrical Code of the US National Fire Protection Association NFPA (CIS 78-31). Definitions, sections devoted to: construction; protection against injury (enclosures, guards, physical and electrical control, accessibility of live parts, insulation, current carrying parts, cutting blades, moving parts, hot-surface temperatures); performance requirements; polymeric enclosures; manufacturing tests; double-insulated and battery-operated trimmers (construction, performance, rating, marking). Appendix: standards for components.
Underwriters Laboratories, 207 East Ohio Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA, 2nd edition, 31 Mar. 1980, 53p. Illus. Price: US$7.50.

CIS 81-796 Ferreira de Almeida W.
Prevention of accidents due to use of pesticides in agriculture
Prevenção de acidentes na agricultura conseqüentes ao uso de defensivos agrícolas [in Portuguese]
The commonest causes of poisoning by agricultural pesticides are highlighted: low level of training and insufficient information of workers; non-use of personal protective equipment; mechanical inadequacies; employment of inexperienced minors; lack of control of highly toxic substances. A programme of preventive measures is presented: establishment and dissemination of a list of agricultural pesticides; vocational training of sprayers; control of sale of highly toxic substances; updating of legislation; coordination of interministerial and multidisciplinary action to protect workers.
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, Oct.-Nov.-Dec. 1980, Vol.8, No.32, p.64-73

CIS 81-506 Le Cloarec S.
Present use of mineral arsenic for plant protection - An occupational hazard
Utilisation actuelle de l'arsenic minéral dans la protection des végétaux - Risque professionnel. [in French]
MD thesis. Discussion of the use of arsenic derivatives (especially sodium arsenate) in agriculture for plant and vegetable protection, and on the frequency of occupational diseases due to arsenic among agricultural workers over the last 8 years. Brief review of the historical background; toxicological and pathological aspects of arsenic and its derivatives; past and present-day uses of arsenic in agriculture; 21 case studies (1 of nervous disorder, 3 of digestive disorders, 17 cases in which the skin and mucosae were affected). Preventive measures and occupational hygiene mainly rely on the enforcement of legislation concerning the sale, use, labelling and storage of these products, information for users and persons handling them, personal protective equipment and personal hygiene. Considerations on the role of the occupational physician in medical prevention; compensation aspects of arsenic poisoning in agricultural workers.
Université VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Faculté de médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France, 1980. 82p. 73 ref.

CIS 81-519 Manual cutting of sugar cane
Corte manual de cana-de-açúcar [in Portuguese]
Contents of this data sheet: methods of cutting sugar cane by hand; hazards (use of knives or machetes, sharpening, work posture resulting in low back pain, weather hazards); personal protective equipment (gloves; safety footwear; goggles; skin guards).
Cooperativa central dos productores de açúcar e álcool, rua Boa Vista, 280, Caixa Postal 5691, 01014 São Paulo, Brasil, no date. 4p. Illus. 1 ref.

CIS 81-518 Burning sugar cane
Queima de cana-de-açúcar [in Portuguese]
Contents of this data sheet: description of equipment; hazards (burns, falls, fire outbreak); personal protective equipment (gloves, goggles, leggings); standard burning equipment; checking and maintenance of equipment.
Cooperativa central dos productores de açúcar e álcool, rua Boa Vista, 280, Caixa Postal 5691, 01014 São Paulo, Brasil, no date. 6p. Illus.

CIS 81-348 Asayama T., Kometani J., Saito K., Kobayashi S., Nakashima T.
Eye trauma caused by power mowers.
15 cases of severe eye injury caused by portable power mowers are described. The use of protective devices is recommended.
Journal of the Japan Accident Medical Association, 1 Sep. 1980, Vol.28, No.9, p.584-587. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 81-202 Zolotnikova G.P.
Early signs of liver function impairment in hothouse workers exposed to pesticides
O rannem vyjavlenii funkcional'nyh narušenij pečeni u rabotnic teplic, kontaktirujuščih s pesticidami [in Russian]
Comparative study of various liver function tests from the point of view of sensitivity and informative value. The severity of liver damage was related to duration of exposure. Determination of serum histidase activity proved to be the most sensitive test, and its use is recommended in periodic medical examinations of hothouse workers.
Gigiena i sanitarija, Feb. 1980, No.2, p.24-27. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 81-201 Flaherty D.K., Braun S.R., Marx J.J., Blank J.L., Emanuel D.A., Rankin J.
Serologically detectable HLA-A, B, and C loci antigens in farmer's lung disease
The frequency of these antigens in 100 subjects with farmer's lung disease was compared with that in matched controls with no antibodies to thermophilic actinomycetes, and in 55 subjects with antibodies but no clinical disease. There was no significant association between any of the antigens tested and farmer's lung disease.
American Review of Respiratory Disease, Sep. 1980, Vol.122, No.3, p.437-443. 33 ref.

CIS 81-161 Vyskočil J., Tačeva J., Macek M., Němeček R.
Morphological and biological changes in rat lung tissue due to the combined action of cereal and hay dust, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger
Morfologické a biochemické změny v plicích krys při vzájemném působení obilného, senného prachu, Candida albicans a Aspergillus niger [in Czech]
These dusts and microorganisms were administered intratracheally (simultaneously or separately). Histological investigation performed 6 months after commencing the experiments showed the presence, in the pulmonary parenchyma of all the animals treated, of dust granulomas composed of alveolar macrophages, granular alveolar cells and inflammatory cells. Inflammatory manifestations in the bronchii and peribronchium were also frequent. These changes were more marked in the animals to which the dusts and microorganisms were administered simultaneously. Neither the histological nor the biological investigations revealed any significant proliferation of connective tissue or any changes in pulmonary tissue concentrations of hexosamine, lipids, phospholipids or hydroxyproline.
Pracovní lékařství, Apr. 1980, Vol.32, No.4, p129-133. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 81-200 Popendorf W.
Exploring citrus harvesters' exposure to pesticide contaminated foliar dust.
Studies on the measurement of dislogeable and available foliar dust in 32 citrus groves are reported. Dislogeable dust means surface or water-soluble residues; available dust is the most loosely adhering portion of the surface residues. Available foliar dust is a good predictor of total dust aerosols. Differences in foliar residue, airborne dust, and dermal pesticide measurements appear to be due to the wide range of particle sizes found (<1to>200µm). The airborne dust levels to which citrus harvesters are exposed in the dry season are generally above those permitted in other industries.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1980, Vol.41, No.9, p.652-659. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 81-199 Williams D.T., Denley H.V., Lane D.A.
On site determination of Sulfotep air levels in a fumigating greenhouse
Sulfotep (bis-0,0-diethylphosphorothionic anhydride, TEDP) levels were monitored continuously for 4-40h after fumigation. Sulfotep air levels were below the TLV of 15ppb following overnight ventilation. When ventilation was stopped they exceeded the TLV. Worker activity in the greenhouse significantly increased Sulfotep air levels. Ventilation throughout the day, and use of protective equipment, are recommended.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1980, Vol.41, No.9, p.647-651. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 81-138 Linos A., Kyle R.A., O'Fallon W.M., Kurland L.T.
A case-control study of occupational exposures and leukaemia.
Between 1955 and 1974, 138 cases of leukaemia occurred in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Farming and health-related occupations occurred frequently enough to permit analysis. Neither occupation was commoner among leukaemia sufferers than control subjects.
International Journal of Epidemiology, June 1980, Vol.9, No.2, p.131-135. 17 ref.

CIS 80-2020 Ghosh S.K., Parikh J.R., Gokani V.N., Rao M.N., Kashyap S.K., Chatterjee S.K.
Studies on occupational health problems in agricultural tobacco workers.
Studies with x-ray, lung function, urine and blood tests in 290 tobacco workers handling cured or uncured tobacco leaves revealed an incidence of "green symptoms" (neurological, respiratory, and gastrointestinal disorders) in 86.2%. Urinary excretion of nicotine and its major metabolite cotinine was significantly increased in most cases.
Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine, July 1980, Vol.30, No.3, p.113-117. 9 ref.

CIS 80-1965 Perold J.G., Bezuidenhout D.J.J.
Chronic organophosphate poisoning.
An epidemic of diarrhoea in 38 staff members and students of an agricultural college is reported. Symptoms, plasma pseudocholinesterase levels, details of the orchards and vegetable gardens, insecticides used, and exposure due to prevailing winds are described. Poisoning probably occurred via the skin. Precautionary measures are recommended.
South African Medical Journal, 5 Jan. 1980, Vol.57, No.1, p.7-9. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 80-2017 Meirelles C.E., Robin P., De Lima V.E.
Accident prevention in agriculture
Prevenção de acidentes no trabalho rural [in Portuguese]
Review of conditions in the primary sector of the Brazilian economy; roundup of hazard factors in agriculture (environment; animal hazards; chemical and mechanical hazards); study of comparative agricultural accident statistics from several countries (France, Israel, Italy, Japan, Norway, Spain, USA). Comments on an occupational safety and health campaign in agriculture organised by FUNDACENTRO in Brazil.
FUNDACENTRO - Atualidades em prevenção de acidentes, Aug. 1980, Vol.11, No.128, p.8-10. Illus.

CIS 80-2016 Katayama G.T., Mizumoto N.M., Honda E.K., Kurihara R., Murakami W., Kawakami R., Sendai V., Okada L., Hirata N., Moriyama G., Ishigai M., Jojima T., Hara O.K., Takahashi M., Nishio S.
Evaluation of toxic hazards of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides by the ACHOLEST method in an ethnic Japanese agricultural community (Atibaia)
Avaliação dos riscos de intoxicação por pesticidas organofosforados e carbamatos pelo método de ACHOLEST na Colônia agrícola japonesa de Atibaia [in Portuguese]
Using the ACHOLEST method to determine plasma cholesterase levels in 216 agricultural workers in an ethnic Japanese rural community (Atibaia, São Paulo, Brazil) the authors concluded that 11.1% of the group examined suffered from poisoning due to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides. This percentage was considered to be relatively high. The influence of some variables was studied (type of crop or farming - flowers, strawberries, roses, peaches, vegetables, grapes; type of pesticide employed, concentrations and quantities used). Study of the suitability of this method: the results are encouraging, in view of its simplicity and low cost, and the possibility of distinguishing between individuals with different levels of enzyme inhibition.
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, Apr.-May-June 1980, Vol.8, No.30, p.21-29. 14 ref.

CIS 80-2015 Rodríguez Sánchez A.
Subacute poisoning due to agricultural pesticides - Study of the problem in the Spanish Levant
Las intoxicaciones subagudas por plaguicidas agrícolas - Estudio de su problemática en el Levante español [in Spanish]
Report of a questionnaire survey involving 1,429 agricultural workers. Chemical pollutants seem to present the greatest hazards (organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides). Acute poisoning due to these substances has been well studied, but subacute or chronic disorders are not so well known: carcinogenic effects, chronic changes in the haematopoietic system, liver and kidney damage. Numerous statistical tables.
Salud y trabajo, June 1980, No.25, p.44-61.

CIS 80-2014 Bajnova A., Burkova T., Mihajlova A.
Comparative study of the intermittent and continuous effect of Ramrod herbicide
Sravnitelno izsledvane na intermitentnoto i monotonnoto dejstvie na herbicida Ramrod [in Bulgarian]
Experimental research on 3 groups of rats, subjected to 3 different types of exposure: daily administration of 70mg/kg for 4 months; daily administration of 140mg/kg on alternate weeks for 4 months; daily administration of 70mg/kg on alternate weeks for 8 months. The most pronounced liver function changes were observed in the animals receiving continuous administration. The 2 intermittent schedules gave rise to phases of adaptation; response to intermittent administration of 70mg/kg involved physiological compensation. It is preferable to use this pesticide (Ramrod, Propachlor) periodically in order to avoid chronic poisoning.
Problemi na higienata, July 1980, Vol.5, p.68-74. 17 ref.

CIS 80-2012 Ivanova-Čemišanska L., Mirkova E., Antov G., Mihajlova A., Kapurcov V.
Evaluation of the chronic toxicity of Balagrin herbicide in continuous or intermittent exposure
Ocenjavane hroničnoto toksično dejstvie na herbicida balagrin pri monotonen i intermitenten režim na văzdejstvie [in Bulgarian]
Experimental research on rats to determine the toxicity of Balagrin (20% balan, 80% xylene), involving 2 types of exposure: daily and weekly for 4 months; daily with weekly breaks. The toxic effects were more severe in the case of continuous exposure: increase in cholinesterase activity, ornithine transcarbamylase and cellular leucine aminopeptidase, reduced serum α-globulins, activation of liver tisue isocitrate dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase, inhibition of testicular and brain cytochrome oxidase. It is recommended that this herbicide should be applied only periodically in agriculture.
Problemi na higienata, July 1980, Vol.5, p.50-57. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 80-2011 Rules for power-driven lawn mowers
Richtlinien über Rasenmäher mit motorischen Antrieb [in German]
Direttive sui tosaerba con comando a motore [in Italian]
Règles relatives aux tondeuses à gazon à moteur. [in French]
These directives, which apply to power-driven lawn mowers with rotating cutter blades, cover the following aspects: general rules; construction and equipment (rotating-blade and drum mowers, petrol-engine and electric mowers, manually-guided self-propelled mowers, printed instructions and other markings on the machine); operational instructions; maintenance. Commentary with illustrations.
Form. 2085, Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Caisse national suisse d'assurance en cas d'accidents), Luzern, Switzerland, Jan. 1980. 19p. Illus.

CIS 80-2009 Nag P.B., Dutt P.
Circulo-respiratory efficiency in some agricultural work
Five subjects germinating seedlings and threshing by hand were studied. Manual operations were compared with the use of simple implements. Transplanting of seedlings required 17.4l/min pulmonary ventilation and 0.618l/min oxygen uptake. With 2 different seeders pulmonary ventilation and oxygen uptake were 41.9 and 39.6l/min, and 1.910 and l.638l/min/min respectively; pulse rates were 163 and 154 beats/min. Manual threshing required 28.1l/min pulmonary ventilation, 0.920l/min oxygen uptake, and 135.8 beats/min; corresponding values for pedal threshing were 41.2, 1.310, and 140.8. Pedal threshing is about 50% more efficient than manual threshing.
Applied Ergonomics, June 1980, Vol.11, No.2, p.81-84. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 80-2007
Agricultural and Industrial Insurance Fund for the Central Cooperative of Sugar and Alcohol Producers of the State of São Paulo (Segurança Agroindustrial da Cooperativa Central dos Produtores de Açucar e Alcool do Estado de São Paulo).
Handling and use of pesticides - Safety instructions
Manuseio e aplicação de pesticidas: instruções de segurança [in Portuguese]
Definitions are followed by sections devoted to: toxicological aspects of pesticides, Brazilian legislation, OSH directives (training, transport of pesticides, storage, mixing, disposal of empty containers, use of pesticides, aerial crop dusting), protective clothing, hygiene, personal protective equipment, protection of eyes, hands and feet, respiratory protection.
FUNDACENTRO - Atualidades em prevenção de acidentes, Mar. 1980, Vol.11, No.123, p.12-14; Apr. 1980, Vol.11, No.124, p.13-14; May 1980, Vol.11, No.125, p.13-14. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 80-1666 Matsushita T., Nomura S., Wakatsuki T.
Epidemiology of contact dermatitis from pesticides in Japan.
216 cases, all but 3 of them in farmers, occurring in 1968-1970 were studied for conditions of pesticide use, sex, age, occupation, exposure, and season. The pesticides most often responsible were captafol, dithiocarbamates, highly and moderately toxic organic phosphates, and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Complications, dermatitis sites, prognosis, and contributing factors are discussed.
Contact Dermatitis, June 1980, Vol.6, No.4, p.255-259. 8 ref.

CIS 80-1717 Nigg H.N.
Prediction of agricultural worker safety reentry times for organophosphate insecticides.
Concepts and current methods of determining worker reentry times are reviewed. Comparison of human monitoring studies, factors affecting exposure, and exposure estimation methods illustrate the advantages of estimation methods. Models should be accurate, field tested, and simple to use. The model should account for the production and description of the toxic metabolites from organophosphate pesticides. A systematic approach to the worker reentry situation is urged.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1980, Vol.41, No.5, p.340-345. 39 ref.

CIS 80-1359 Richter G.
Allergic contact dermatitis from methyl isothiocyanate in soil disinfectants.
Conclusions from 9 cases of occupational exposure are reported: methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) causes primarily a toxic dermatitis, but is also a strong sensitiser; no cross reactions between MITC and benzyl isothiocyanate were seen; in one patient an MITC burn of the foot and leg caused systemic poisoning from absorption with reversible liver parenchymal damage.
Contact Dermatitis, Apr. 1980, Vol.6, No.3, p.183-186. 6 ref.

CIS 80-1397 Nag P.K., Sebastian N.C., Mavlankar M.G.
Occupational workload of Indian agricultural workers.
Cardiorespiratory responses and individual capacity were evaluated in 13 male agricultural workers performing 30 different operations. Mean maximum oxygen uptake was 34.8cm3/min/kg. Pulmonary ventilation during the operations ranged from 14-41l/min. Only water lifting, bund trimming in dry-land and pedal threshing operations required more than 30l/min. About 29% of total manhours were involved in light work, 64% in moderate work and 6% in heavy work. Daily energy expenditure was 10.3-11.7MJ, of which 53-56% was expended during the working day.
Ergonomics, Feb. 1980, Vol.23, No.2, p.91-102. Illus. 33 ref.

CIS 80-1245 Hakamada M.
Studies on apple pollinosis.
Apple pollinosis in 21 patients, including 17 farmers engaged in apple pollination work for 7-25 years, is reported. They showed typical symptoms of allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, and persistent cough. Desensitisation therapy with apple pollen antigen extract was effective. A questionnaire survey among 5240 apple farmers suggested that 7.34% of them were subject to apple pollinosis.
Journal of Otolaryngology of Japan, 20 Jan. 1980, Vol.83, No.1, p.36-45. 37 ref. Illus.

CIS 80-1120 Klen T., Verho E.
Distribution and utilisation of occupational safety information in agricultural undertakings
Työsuojelutiedon välitys ja käyttöönotto maataloudessa [in Finnish]
Questionnaire survey of 550 Finnish farms inspected in 1971, to determine what factors (initiative, cost aspects, improvements in farm machinery, awareness of occupational hazards) influence decisions to try to improve working conditions in agriculture; 77% of the sample returned the questionnaire. Improvements were more common among farmers with a high socio-economic status.
Tutkimuksia 163/1980, Työterveyslaitos, Laajaniityntie 1, 01620 Vantaa 62, Finland, 1980. 56p. Illus. 18 ref. Price: Fmk.15.00.

CIS 80-703 Watanabe S., Wakaba K., Fukuchi Y.
Vibration and noise of tractors in agricultural use.
Vibration acceleration was measured on the seats of three types of tractor. Dominant energy of vibration was in the high frequency range, corresponding to the engine speed. Vibration in the lower frequency range exceeded the fatigue-decreased proficiency boundary (ISO), especially in the Y and Z axes. Tractor noise had dominant energy in the frequency range 125-250Hz and can impair the driver's hearing after long-term exposure. It is also a cause of accidents as a result of speech interference.
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine, Nov. 1979, Vol.28, No.4, p.612-617. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 80-809 Uenala N.
Principle of construction of safety frames and structures
Le principe de la construction des cadres et arceaux de sécurité. [in French]
Advice for installing safety frames or roll-over protective structures (ROPs) on tractors already in service. The 4-post safety frame completely encloses the space around the driver thereby providing greater safety than the 2-post ROP which is, however, cheaper and easier to produce and install. The principle of the ROP is to prevent the tractor from rolling over several times. Advice is given on fixing of the structure to the tractor, dimensions, design, and technical data concerning materials, accompanied by drawings and photographs. Addresses of Swiss firms specialised in installing these structures on tractors.
Technique agricole, Feb. 1980, Vol.42, No.3, p.89-98. Illus.

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