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Agricultural chemicals - 1,674 entries found

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  • Agricultural chemicals

1986

CIS 87-1366 Lisi P., Caraffini S., Assalve D.
A test series for pesticide dermatitis
A pesticide patch test series was tested in 200 subjects, 50 of whom were agricultural workers. Positive reactions to fungicides were found in 24, almost all to thiophthalimides, especially captan, difolatan and folpet. Reactions to bis-dithiocarbamates and benomyl were rare, and to other pesticides not significant.
Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1986, Vol.15, No.5, p.266-269. 10 ref.

CIS 87-1314 Medical monitoring of workers exposed to organophosphate pesticides
This guideline is intended as information for workers and guidance for physicians and employers. Discussed are: regulatory aspects of monitoring, organophosphate toxicity, acetylcholinesterase as a measure of organosphosphate absorption, and monitoring the exposed worker (pre-exposure, periodic assessment).
Alberta Community and Occupational Health, Medical Services Branch, 10709 Jasper Ave., Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3N3, Canada, Oct. 1986. 7p. 8 ref.

CIS 87-1432 Pesticide container disposal
This booklet outlines steps for rinsing containers prior to disposal. Pressure spray nozzles are illustrated and their use is described. Rinsing efficiency of some major pesticides and the effects of rinsing factors are shown. The lack of danger in subsequent use of the containers in landfills is explained.
Canadian Agricultural Chemicals Association, 116 Albert St., Suite 710, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 5G3, Canada, no date. 12p. Illus.

CIS 87-993 Antov G., Zajkov H., Mihajlova A., Dinoeva S., Kapurdov V., Dazov E.
Hygienic and toxicological characteristics of alachlor. III. Inhalation toxicity
Higienno-toksikologična harakteristika na alahlor. III. Inhalatorna toxičnost [in Bulgarian]
Rats were exposed to alachlor (Lasso) under conditions of subacute (90 days) and chronic (120 days) inhalations. The herbicide was inhaled for 6 hours daily, 5 times a week in concentrations of 49.0 and 11.0mg/m3 and 8.5 and 1.5mg/m3 respectively. The threshold of subacute action - 11.0mg/m3 - was established on the basis of clinical-laboratory, electromyographic, biochemical, morphological and electron-microscopic studies, as was the no-effect concentration for chronic inhalation - 1.5mg/m3.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1986, Vol.29, No.6, p.31-37. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 87-991 Kalojanova F.
Classification of pesticides according to their hazardousness to health and to the environment
Klassifikacija na pesticidite po opasnost za zdraveto i okolnata sreda [in Bulgarian]
In order to facilitate the making of decisions as regards the registration of pesticides, a hygienic classification was elaborated that attempted to include the idea, adopted in the WHO classification, of the different risks presented by solid and liquid preparations. Furthermore, the possibility of manifestation of harmful, specific and irreversible effects (e.g., immediate and delayed neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity) was included as a criterion that was not included in the first classification. The present classification is felt to enable better prognosis of risk and more correct decisions in the preliminary evaluation of pesticides.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1986, Vol.29, No.6, p.21-26. 4 ref.

CIS 87-996 Higashi H., Doya S., Sagara T.
Evaluation of blood cholinesterase activities as a screening test for pesticide intoxication
Nōyaku chūdoku yobō no tame no ChE kasseichi ni yoru sukurīningu no kentō [in Japanese]
Activities of blood cholinesterases were evaluated to assess the health condition of 65 farmers (33 males, 32 females). Whole-blood cholinesterase, erythrocyte cholinesterase and plasma cholinesterase all showed higher activity in winter than in summer. Farmers exposed frequently to pesticides showed slightly higher activities of blood cholinesterases than non-exposed farmers. The difference, however, was not statistically significant. Whole-blood cholinesterase activity had the highest sensitivity and negative predictive value, while erythrocyte cholinesterase activity exhibited the highest specificity and negative predictive value. However, neither of them appeared to be significant. These results did not support the usefulness of evaluating blood cholinesterase activities as a screening test for pesticide exposure.
Minzoku Eisei - Japanese Journal of Health and Human Ecology, May 1986, Vol.52, No.3, p.142-145. 10 ref.

CIS 87-754
Gosudarstvennyj komitet SSSR po standartam
Use of pesticides for plant protection. Safety requirements [USSR]
Primenenie pesticidov dlja zaščity rastenij. Trebovanija bezopasnosti [in Russian]
This standard (effective 1 Jan. 1987) covers the application, storage and transportation of agricultural pesticides.
Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per.3, 123840 Moskva, USSR, 1986. 5p. Price: Rbl.0.03.

CIS 87-892 Kneitschel D.
The hazards of pesticides
Los plaguicidas y sus peligros [in Spanish]
Audiovisual training kit consisting of a booklet, 140 slides, a cassette tape 32 minutes long and a flip chart containing safety recommendations. Produced in collaboration with the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in the Dominican Republic, this material is primarily aimed at the developing countries.
International Federation of Plantation, Agricultural and Allied Workers (IFPAAW), Rue Jacques Necker 17, 1201 Genève, Switzerland, 1986. 1 booklet (30p.) + audiovisual material. Illus.

CIS 87-631 Foussereau J.
Allergic eczema due to agricultural pesticides: fungicides, herbicides, insecticides and acaricides, nematocides and rodenticides
L'eczéma allergique aux produits phytosanitaires: Fongicides, herbicides, insecticides et acaricides, nématicides et rodenticides [in French]
Information note for occupational physicians. Allergic eczema due to agricultural pesticides is seen mainly among farmers, gardeners and florists. The following products are discussed: fungicides (anthraquinones, imidazoles, phthalimides, thiram and dithiocarbabmates, chlorothalonil, quintozene), herbicides (nitrofen, nitralin), insecticides and acaricides (hexachlorocyclohexane, organophosphorus compounds, propargite, 2,4-dinitrophenylthiocyanate, dinobuton), nematocides (metam sodium, dazomet) and rodenticides (antu). A test battery of agrochemical allergens is given. Diagnosis, prevention and compensation are discussed.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, Oct. 1986, No.27, p.223-228. Illus. 43 ref.

CIS 87-425 Mevinphos
Mevinfos [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet. Organophosphorus insecticide. Can be absorbed through the skin. Cholinesterase inhibitor. Human lowest lethal dose published: 5mg/kg. IDLH concentration: 40mg/m3. Exposure limits: ACGIH (USA, 1986) TWA limit: 0.1mg/m3; FRG, MAK: 0.1mg/m3; OSHA (USA) PEL: 0.4mg/m3.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna, No.73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 1986. 6p. Bibl.

CIS 87-421 Methyl bromide
Bromuro de metilo [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet. IDLH concentration: 0.02mg/m3. Acute exposure disorders of the central nervous system; pulmonary ¿dema; brain lesions; disorders of the cardiovascular system. Chronic exposure disorders of the central nervous system. Exposure limits: ACGIH (USA, 1986) = TWA limit (skin)=20mg/m3; FRG, MAK=20mg/m3 (classified as a carcinogen); Sweden, permissible concentration: 60mg/m3 (1978); USSR, MAC=1mg/m3.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna, No.73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1986. 8p. Bibl.

CIS 87-412 Ethyl thiocyanate
Chemical safety information sheet. Insecticide. Highly toxic by ingestion. No known exposure limits. Principal systemic reaction is probably one of central nervous depression.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Dec. 1985. 4p.

CIS 87-404 Diazinon
Diazinon [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet. Organophosphorus insecticide. Is absorbed through the skin. Effects of exposure: neurotoxic substance (cholinesterase inhibitor). Exposure limits: ACGIH (USA, 1986), TWA limit = 0.1mg/m3; FRG, MAK = 1.0mg/m3; USSR, MAC = 0.2mg/m3.
Instituto Nacional de seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna, No.73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1986. 6p. Bibl.

CIS 87-610 Gunasekera G.
The chemical industry and occupational safety
Discussion of chemical safety in Sri Lanka, particularly in the use of pesticides.
Sri Lanka Labour Gazette, 1986, Vol.37, No.3, p.5-9.

CIS 87-586 Mihajlova A., Zajkov H., Antov G., Kazakova B.
Hygienic-toxicological characteristics of alachlor. II. Dermal toxicity
Higienno-toksikologična harakteristika na alachlor - II. Dermalna toksičnost [in Bulgarian]
Alachlor was applied to albino male rats in doses of 1000, 2000 and 3000mg/kg over 90 days. Clinical, laboratory, biochemical, patho-anatomical studies showed progressive disorders in aerobic and anaaerobic metabolic processes, primarily in the liver, followed by changes in the kidneys. The dose of 1000mg/kg produced no significant effect under the conditions of the experiment.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1986, Vol.29, No.4, p.35-38. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 87-597 Kalinova G., Izmirova N.
Determination of the minimum waiting period for safe work after application of dichlorvos in greenhouses
Opredeljane na minimalen srok za bezopasna rabota pri prilagane na dichlorfos v oranžeriini uslovija [in Bulgarian]
The dynamics of dichlorvos degradation in washings from both hands of greenhouse workers was studied. The preparation was a slowly disintegrating one, not suitable for application to greenhouses. A reduction in cholinesterase activity was seen in 25% of the subjects, on the 4th and 5th days after 5h exposure. The concentration which had no effect on cholinesterase activity was 3µg. The minimum delay for safe work with dichlorvos in greenhouses was established to be 6 days.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1986, Vol.29, No.4, p.32-34. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 87-585 Vergieva T., Zajkov H.
Behavioural reactions of rats to oral and inhalation exposure to chloracetophon
Povedenčeski reakcii na plăhove pri oralno i inhalatorno văzdeistvije s chloracetofon [in Bulgarian]
Wistar rats with subacute and chronic peroral and inhalatory exposure to the insecticide chloracetofon were subjected to functional tests for evaluation of some basic parameters of behaviour: training and memory, motor activity. Substantial injury was seen. No dose-response relationship was established. An intensification of the changes was observed with the lengthening of exposure. Female animals were more sensitive. Significant discrepancies from control values were seen after 6-month peroral intoxication and after 1 and 3 month inhalation.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1986, Vol.29, No.4, p.24-32. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 87-596 Zajkov H., Antov G., Mihajlova A., Kazakova B., Kapurdov V.
Hygienic-toxicological characteristic of alachlor. I. Oral toxicity
Higienno-toksikologična harakteristika na alachlor. I. Oralna toksičnost [in Bulgarian]
The oral toxicity of alachlor was studied with single (940mg/kg) and repeated (18.7 and 37.4mg/kg) administration to rats. The state of the metabolic units in liver, kidneys, brain and myocardium, under the conditions of the acute experiment, showed evidence of advancing disorders, their degree and tendency depending on the term of investigation (24th hour and 15th day). The deviations observed in the parameters studied in the chronic experiment suggest a definite dose-effect relationship and suggest changes in the normal balance of oxidation-reduction processes. The dose of 18.7mg/kg body mass could be accepted as the threshold of chronic oral action.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1986, Vol.29, No.3, p.13-19. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 87-594 Mirkova E., Zaikov H.
Studies of the mutagenic effect of the preparation Alachlor in the Ames test
Proučvanija vărhu mutagennoto deistvije na preparata Alachlor săs mikrobialnata test-sistema na Ames [in Bulgarian]
Alachlor is the active ingredient of the herbicide Lasso. The studies were carried out by the standardised incorporation method on 5 standard histidine-autotrophic strains of Salmonella. The preparation was tested in parallel series of experiments with and without metabolic activation at 8, 20, 40 and 100µg/Petri dish. Alachlor is a directly acting bacterial mutagen. It is now necessary to evaluate its mutagenicity in mammals.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1986, Vol.29, No.1, p.26-31. 11 ref.

CIS 87-626 Carbamate pesticides: A general introduction
While not all the information about each of the more than 50 known carbamates is included in this report, all the different aspects of the different classes of carbamates are mentioned. Covered are: identity, physical and chemical properties, analytical methods; sources of human and environmental exposure; environmental transport, distribution, and transformation; environmental levels and human exposure; metabolism and mode of action; effects on organisms in the environment; effects on experimental animals and in vitro test systems; effects on man; names, structures and properties of individual carbamates; summary of the toxicity studies used to establish acceptable daily intakes for humans; previous reviews.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1986. 137p. Illus. 271 ref. Price: SF.13.00.

CIS 87-36
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen
Antifouling paints [Sweden]
Antifoulingfärg [in Swedish]
These regulations (effective 1 July 1987) concern the application and removal of paints containing growth-inhibiting additives. Contents: prohibition to use paints containing arsenic and mercury compounds, organic lead compounds, DDT, lindane, etc.; precautions to be taken during spray painting; identification of the paint composition before removing it and adaptation of safety measures to the degree of toxicity; written instructions for safe handling; other Swedish regulations to be observed. In an annex: list of prohibited antifouling paints; advice for adhering to these regulations.
LiberDistribution, 162 89 Stockholm, Sweden, 22 Dec. 1986. 9p.

CIS 87-247 Kawai M., Yoshida M., Koyama M., Kaneko Y.
Exposure of spray-operators in apple orchards to Diazinon
The pesticide was sprayed as a diluted solution of Diazinon wettable powder by using air blast speed sprayers (SS) and power sprayers (PS). The estimated exposure per person was less in the case of SS than PS. The estimated penetration rates of Diazinon through the operators' clothing did not show any difference between a newly-designed type of protective clothing and the ordinary type. The maximum concentrations in the air around the operator's mouth were below the TLV of 0.1mg/m3 recommended by the ACGIH. Cholinesterase activities in plasma and red blood cells were not affected by exposure. Immediately after the spray work, Diazinon was detected in the blood of 5 operators out of 6 in the case of SS operation and of 2 operators out of 6 in PS operation. A major metabolite of Diazinon, 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine, was found in urine from the operators over a period of 24 hours after the spray work. These results gave no indication that the spray-operators were exposed to any health hazards. However, considering that Diazinon was penetrating the workers' protective clothing and being absorbed into the body, it would be advisable to wash down the body after spray work.
Japanese Journal of Public Health, Apr. 1986, Vol.33, No.4, p.173-183. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 87-243 Luty S., Urban A., Latuszyńska J.
Assessment of the allergic properties of pesticides by various prognostic tests
Ocena właściwości uczulających pestycydów za pomocą różnych testów prognostycznych [in Polish]
Various prognostic methods have been used with a view to assessing their sensitivity. The results obtained suggest that the method described by V. Ziegler in 1977 (Dermatologische Monatsschrift, Vol.163, p.387-391) is the most sensitive one for the prognosis of the allergenic properties of pesticides. Carbamate pesticides (sevin, carbofuran) and organophosphates (Dimecron, Owadofos) showed no allergenic properties; 2,4-diphenoxyacetic acid, lindane, paraquat, actellic and Birlane revealed slight allergenic properties; nogos and enolofos proved to be relatively strong allergens.
Medycyna Wiejska, 1986, Vol.21, No.2, p.126-132. 12 ref.

CIS 86-1918 Carbon disulphide
Contents of this data sheet: industrial uses; properties; occupational exposure limits (8-h TWA recommended in the United Kingdom: 10ppm, 10-min short-term TWA: 30ppm); fire hazard (very high) and extinguishants to be used; hazardous reactions; toxicity and biological hazards (neurotoxin); medical surveillance; handling and storage; safety precautions; leakage and spillage; first aid.
Safety Practitioner, Apr. 1986, Vol.4, No.4, p.16-17. 10 ref.

CIS 86-1963 Bocchetta A., Corsini G.U.
Parkinson's disease and pesticides
Case report on 2 men who developed Parkinson's disease. One is a farmer with extensive exposure to insecticides (including chlorinated cyclodienes and carbofuran). The second is someone who worked for several years in a chemical plant making petroleum derivatives and pesticides (mostly morpholine compounds).
Lancet, 15 Nov. 1986, Vol.2, No.8516, p.1163. 9 ref.

CIS 86-1959 Coggon D., Pannett B., Winter P.D., Acheson E.D., Bonsall J.
Mortality of workers exposed to 2-methyl-4 chlorophenoxyacetic acid
Mortality and cancer incidence of employees at a company which has manufactured, formulated, and sprayed 2-methyl-4 chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and other phenoxy acid herbicides. The overall mortality of the cohort was < national population mortality, as was mortality from cancer. When allowance was made for rural residence, the deficit of cancer deaths became a slight excess, but not statistically significantly so. Among workers whose jobs entailed potential exposure to MCPA, there was one death from soft tissue sarcoma (0.6 expected). No further cases of soft tissue sarcoma were registered among living members of the cohort. Three potentially exposed workers died from nasal carcinoma, but this tumour has not previously been associated with phenoxy herbicides and the cluster of cases may have occurred by chance. The findings do not exclude the possibility that MCPA is a human carcinogen, but they suggest that any risk of soft tissue sarcoma is less than that indicated by earlier studies of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and is small in absolute terms.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1986, Vol.12, No.5, p.448-454. 17 ref.

CIS 86-1957 Abdelghani A.A., Anderson A.C., Jaghabir M., Mather F.
Arsenic levels in blood, urine, and hair of workers applying monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA)
Study of the uptake and excretion of total arsenic from monosodium methaneasonate insecticide applied by workers during the spraying season. Arsenic concentrations in breathing zone air samples ranged from 0.001 to 1.086µg/m3. Blood and urine arsenic values ranged from 0.0 to 0.2mg/L and 0.002 to 1.725mg/L respectively. The geometric mean concentration in urine increased during the week and returned to base levels on weekends. Hair arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 358mg/kg, increased during the spraying season and returned to pre-season levels once herbicide application ceased. Of the 3 workers with higher than normal pre-exposure hair values, only one had consistently above normal values throughout the study period.
Archives of Environmental Health, May-June 1986, Vol41, No.3, p.163-169. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 86-2003 Organophosphorus insecticides: A general introduction
This document provides general information on the environmental and health impact of 74 insecticides of the same chemical family. Aspects covered: properties and analytical methods; sources of human and environmental exposure, transport and distribution; exposure levels; metabolism and mode of action; effects on organisms in the environment, on animals and on man, three appended tables provide name and structure, hazard classification and LD50 data for each compound.
World Health Organization, Office of Publications, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1986. 181p. Illus. 299 ref. Price: SF.16.00.

CIS 86-2002 Coye M.J., Lowe J.A., Maddy K.J.
Biological monitoring of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides: II. Monitoring of intact pesticides and their metabolites
Analytical methods have been developed for the detection of a variety of compounds that are found intact or as metabolites in biological samples from workers exposed to pesticides. Such tests are used primarily in research settings to describe patterns of absorption, metabolism, and excretion, to derive exposure limits for occupational exposure, to evaluate the adequacy of these limits and of work practices in field settings, and to confirm the aetiology of poisonings for medicolegal purposes. Methods used in studies of occupational pesticide exposure, with particular attention to validation in terms of dose-response relationships are reviewed as well as technical complexity and cost, the requirements for analytical quality control, and the utility of these methods for field research purposes. Biological monitoring for intact pesticides or metabolites in agricultural workers is limited to a few chemicals, notably, pentachlorophenol, methyl bromide, and chlordimeform. These programmes and their use in regulation and enforcement are described.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1986, Vol.28, No.8, p.628-636. 92 ref.

CIS 86-2001 Coye M.J., Lowe J.A., Maddy K.T.
Biological monitoring of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides: I. Cholinesterase activity determinations
Biological screening of agricultural workers is limited at present to pesticide mixers, loaders, and applicators, and consists almost exclusively of measurements of cholinesterase activity to estimate inhibition by organophosphate and carbamate compounds. The measurement and interpretation of cholinesterase activity in occupationally exposed populations and the correlation between cholinesterase activity and symptoms of acute and chronic illness among agricultural workers is reviewed. The only State of the USA to mandate medical surveillance for agricultural workers is California; criteria for baseline cholinesterase determination, periodicity of testing, and criteria for removal from and return to work are described, and alternative approaches for screening and clinical evaluations are discussed.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1986, Vol.28, No.8, p.619-627. 47 ref.

CIS 86-1714
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Kelevan
Kelevan is a chlordecone derivative used as an insecticide. Aspects covered in this WHO document: identity; physicochemical properties; analytical methods; environmental levels and human exposure; toxicology; recommendations.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1986. 32p. 35 ref. Price: SF.6.00.

CIS 86-1713
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Tetradifon
Aspects covered in this WHO Environmental Health Criteria Document: identity, physicochemical properties, analytical methods; environmental levels and human exposure; toxicology; recommendations for preventing exposure. No adverse health effects from exposure to Tetradifon (acaricide) have been reported in man.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1986. 47p. 89 ref. Price: SF.7.00.

CIS 86-1538 Hu X., Lu Y., Xue S., Ling Y., Gu X.
Toxicity of dipterex: a field study
Results of historical surveillance data collected 1977-1982 and of a field-study conducted 1983-1984 in a dipterex (a commonly used organophosphorus insecticide) packing workshop. The findings suggest that both airborne and skin contamination by dipterex contribute to the inhibition of blood cholinesterase, though poisoning during the hot seasons can be attributed mainly to absorption through the skin. At the MAC level suggested recently (0.5mg/m3) exposure to dipterex is shown to lead to a mild but appreciable inhibition of blood cholinesterase. Thus even a MAC level of 0.5mg/m3 will only provide for relative safety.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 1986, Vol.43, No.6, p.414-419. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 86-1350 Sargent E.V., Kirk G.D., Hite M.
Hazard evaluation of monochloroacetone
This compound was introduced in 1914 as a war gas, and is presently used as a chemical intermediate in various industrial processes. Risk assessment indicates that monochloroacetone is extremely irritating to the eyes and skin; exposure leads to delayed vesication and swelling of the skin; inhalation of MCA produces irritation to the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract. MCA has been shown to be an initiator of tumours in mouse skin; MCA may therefore be considered as a presumptive tumorigen, even though it was negative in Ames mutagenicity tests. It is recommended that direct contact with liquid and vapours be prevented through strict engineering controls and that air concentrations be kept below 1ppm as a ceiling concentration.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1986, Vol.47, No.7, p.375-378. 9 ref.

CIS 86-1411 Sterling T.D., Arundel A.V.
Health effects of phenoxy herbicides - A review
A review of epidemiologic studies suggest that exposure to phenoxy herbicides may be associated with an increased incidence of cancer and unfavourable outcome of pregnancy. Several studies have suggested a possible increase in birth defects after paternal exposure. An increased risk of hydatiform mole is suggested by Vietnamese studies on the effects of maternal exposure.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, June 1986, Vol.12, No.3, p.161-173. 69 ref.

CIS 86-1410 Duncan R.C., Griffith J., Konefal J.
Comparison of plasma cholinesterase depression among workers occupationally exposed to organophosphorus pesticides as reported by various studies
Although it does appear that measurements of plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity are valuable in worker surveillance programmes, it is difficult to interpret findings from various studies since they ae dependent on the method of assay and the emphasis is usually placed on statistical tests that depend on the number of subjects studied. A method is presented to compare ChE values reported in several studies utilising various methods and units of measurement, and to assess the impact of organophosphorus pesticide exposure as a percentage of subjects with ChE values depressed below normal limits.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 1986, Vol.18, No.1, p.1-11. 28 ref.

CIS 86-1406 Lindane
Aspects covered in this data sheet: chemical identity; exposure limits; physicochemical properties; fire and explosion hazards; reactivity; health hazards; uses (pesticide); handling of spills or releases.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Dec. 1985. 4p.

CIS 86-1070 Kauppinen T.P., Partanen T.J., Nurminen M.M., Nickels J.I., Hernberg S.G., Hakulinen T.R., Pukkala E.I., Savonen E.T.
Respiratory cancers and chemical exposures in the wood industry: a nested case-control study
This case-control study involved 3805 men who had worked at least 1yr in the particleboard, plywood, sawmill or formaldehyde glue industries between 1944 and 1965, and who were then followed up until 1981. No relationship was found between exposure to wood dust and respiratory cancer, though significantly raised odds ratios were observed for exposures to pesticides and/or phenol present in wood dust. Exposure to terpenes and other products of the heating of coniferous woods was associated with a risk of respiratory cancer when the length of exposure exceeded 5yr.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1986, Vol.43, No.2, p.84-90. 27 ref.

CIS 86-1118 Carter A.O.
Farming, pesticides and occupational health
Rates of occupational mortality and morbidity are increasing in the agricultural sector mainly because of the gradual replacement of human labour by machine and the extensive use of pesticides. The various aspects of the impact of technology changes on the safety and health of farm workers are reviewed and recommendations are made, specifically regarding the use of pesticides.
Occupational Health in Ontario, Winter 1986, Vol.7, No.1, p.19-37. 63 ref.

1985

CIS 96-1272 Guidelines for quality control of pesticides
Normas para el control de calidad de los plaguicidas [in Spanish]
These guidelines were published by GIFAP as part of its commitment to quality control as an essential element in the effective, predictable and consistent formulation and packing of crop protection chemicals. Quality control in both laboratories and in the plant is considered in detail. In annex: check list.
International Group of National Associations of Manufacturers of Agrochemical Products (GIFAP), ave. Louise 143, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1985 (Spanish edition, 1987). 60p. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 89-922 Santos S.O., Mídio A.F.
Dangers in the use of Pralidoxima in the treatment of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticide poisoning
Riscos no tratamento de intoxicações por inseticidas organofosforados e carbamatos pela Pralidoxima [in Portuguese]
Article outlining the risks of exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides (symptoms of poisoning), and the further hazards of the antidote Pralidoxima (sold as Contrathion in Brazil), when used against carbamates.
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, Apr.-June 1985, Vol.13, No.50, p.47-54. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 89-403 Bentazon
Bentatsoni [in Finnish]
Chemical safety information sheet. Herbicide. Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) = 1100mg/kg; is absorbed through skin; LD50 (skin, rat) = 2500mg/kg; is absorbed through skin; irritates the skin, respiratory and digestive tracts. Mandatory European labelling: XN, R20, R21, R22, S2, S13.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, July 1985. 2p. Original on microfiche.

CIS 89-219 Wongphanich M., Prasertsud P., Samathiwat A., Kongprasart S., Kochavej L., Bupachanok T., Samarnsin S.
Pesticide poisoning among agricultural workers
An agricultural community of 10,557 persons was surveyed. Of the total, 46.2% had agriculturally-related employment; 42.3% handled pesticides and 404 of them had been poisoned. The report includes area background; procedures and findings; blood cholinesterase detection; hospital attendance; pesticide retailers; pesticide regulations and control; discussion and recommendations.
Chaopraya Press, Bangkok, Thailand, 1985. 186p. Illus.

CIS 89-90 Metathion
Fenitrotioni [in Finnish]
Chemical safety information sheet. Organophosphorus insecticide synonym: fenitrothion. Toxicity: LD50 = 250mg/kg (oral exp., rat); is absorbed through skin; inhibits cholinesterase activity. Mandatory European labelling: XN, R20, R21, R22, S2, S13.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, July 1985. 2p. Original on microfiche.

CIS 88-1473 Thiofanox
Chemical safety information sheet. Carbamate insecticide. Toxicity: inhibits cholinesterase activity; neurotoxic effects; is absorbed through skin; LD50 (oral, rat) = 8.5mg/kg.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environment Protection Agency, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Dec. 1985. 3p.

CIS 88-1470 Pyriminil
Chemical safety information sheet. Rodenticide. Toxicity: may cause death by cardiovascular collapse and respiratory failure; may cause diabetes; affects the central nervous system.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Dec. 1985. 4 p.

CIS 88-1122 Triazofos
Chemical safety information sheet. Organophosphorus insecticide. Toxicity: LC50 (inhalation, rat) = 0.28mg/L/4h; is absorbed through skin; cholinesterase inhibitor.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Dec. 1985. 4p.

CIS 88-1121 Sodium azide (Na(N3))
Chemical safety information sheet. Exposure limit: ACGIH (1984) TWA (ceiling) = 0.3mg/m3. Unstable, explosive. Toxicity: can cause death by affecting the central nervous system; irritation of skin and eyes; skin and eye burns.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Dec. 1985. 4p.

CIS 88-1119 Primifos-ethyl
Chemical safety information sheet. Organophosphorus insecticide. Toxicity: LD50 (oral, cat) = 25mg/kg; is absorbed through skin; cholinesterase inhibitor.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Dec. 1985. 4p.

CIS 88-1116 Kelthane
Dikofoli [in Finnish]
Chemical safety information sheet. Insecticide. Synonym: Dicofol. Toxicity: LD50 = 575mg/kg (oral, rat), LD50 = 100mg/kg (skin, rat); harmful if inhaled, ingested or in contact with skin; can irritate the skin and is absorbed through skin. Long term exposure can cause allergic eczema and hepatic damage. Carcinogenic in animals. Mandatory European labelling: XN, R20, R21, R22, S2, S13.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, July 1985. 2p. Original on microfiche.

CIS 88-1108 Chlormephos
Chemical safety information sheet. Organophosphorus insecticide. Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) = 7mg/kg; is absorbed through the skin; cholinesterase inhibitor.
In: EPA Chemical Profiles, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Dec. 1985. 4p.

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