Pollution control - 464 entries found

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2004

CIS 05-171 Soil and sediment risk assessment of organic chemicals
When assessing the risks of chemicals to organisms in soils and sediments, the method for estimating the likely concentration and the potential for harm to the organisms need to be properly understood. This report identifies a number of key variables that require better definition in the current technical guidance document (TGD), especially as the risk assessment is refined and moves from the screening stage to the successive investigative phases. These include estimates of emissions, phase partitioning behaviour, bioavailability, test protocols, research topics and test strategies.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Dec. 2004. 140p. Illus. 166 ref. Price: EUR 125.00.

CIS 04-518 Basic guide to trade union action with respect to the environment
Guía básica de acción sindical en medio ambiente [in Spanish]
This guide provides a tool for encouraging workers to make use of their trade union rights in improving their working environment. It describes in a concise form the environmental impacts from processes in the following sectors: metals, construction and related sectors; manufacturing industries; food industry; transport, communications and seafaring activities; commerce, hotels, tourism and sports; services; public services; education. It also explains environmental management systems and their advantages and specifies the various steps involved in implementing the European environmental management and audit system (EMAS). Appendices include work environment legislation, a list of enterprises having obtained EMAS certification and examples of clauses concerning ambient working conditions drawn from various contracts or agreements.
Comisión Ejecutiva Confederal de UGT, Hortaleza 88, 28004 Madrid, Spain, 2004. 142p. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 04-502 Howe P.D., Malcolm H.M., Dobson S.
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Manganese and its compounds: Environmental aspects
This criteria document on manganese and its compounds focuses on environmental aspects and does not cover animal experiments or human data on toxicity and health hazards. It addresses physical and chemical properties, analytical methods, sources of environmental exposure, environmental levels and ecotoxicity. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2004. iii, 63p. Illus. Approx. 320 ref.
http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/CICAD63.pdf [in English]

CIS 04-259 Malcolm H.M, Howe P.D., Dobson S
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Chlorobenzenes other than hexachlorobenzene: Environmental aspects
Conclusions of this criteria document on environmental hazards of chlorobenzenes other than hexachlorobenzenes: aquatic toxicity of chlorobenzenes generally increases with the chlorination of the benzene ring. The risk of chlorinated benzenes causing harm to aquatic organisms is low. There is no adequate data to perform a risk assessment for terrestrial species. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish are included.
World Health Organization, Marketing and Dissemination, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2004. iii, 55p. Illus. 224 ref.
http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad60.pdf [in English]

CIS 04-254
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
Pentachlorophenol (No. 3). 3-Trifluoromethylaniline (No. 44). Chlorotoluidines (No. 55). 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (No. 74). Chlorinated paraffins (No. 93). 4-Chloro-2-methylphenol (No. 134). Dimethyldicykan (No. 143). Isodecanol (No. 149). Propargyl Alcohol (No 213)
This document comprises supplementary reports, finalized between December 1999 and June 2002, relating to nine substances evaluated in earlier BUA reports: pentachlorophenol (CIS 94-995), 3-trifluoromethylaniline (CIS 92-565), chlorotoluidines, benzothiazolethiol (CIS 97-1265), chlorinated paraffins (CIS 96-286), 4-chloro-o-cresol (CIS 95-2188), 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, isodecyl alcohol (CIS 97-1269) and propargyl alcohol (CIS 02-572). The new data relate mainly to the results of ecotoxicity and animal studies carried out following recommendations made in the original reports. No new effects on humans are reported. Protective measures are recommended when handling some of these substances.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2004. 152p. Bibl.ref. Price: EUR 54.50.

CIS 04-253
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
p-Chlorobenzyl chloride
Conclusions of this criteria document which reflects the state of knowledge of February 2002: animal studies show that p-chlorobenzyl chloride (synonym: 1-chloro-4-(chloromethyl)-benzene) is slightly toxic after oral and dermal administration, and causes sensitization. It is strongly irritating to the respiratory tract in mice and slightly irritating to the skin and eyes in rabbits. p-Chlorobenzyl chloride is not mutagenic. There are no data on carcinogenicity, genotoxicity or reproductive toxicity.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2004. xv, 32p. 58 ref. Price: EUR 36.00.

CIS 04-252
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
4-Chloro-2-nitroaniline
Conclusions of this criteria document which reflects the state of knowledge of February 2002: animal studies show that 4-chloro-2-nitroaniline is completely adsorbed after oral administration and excreted as a sulfate conjugate in urine. It does not cause skin or mucous membrane irritation. There are no conclusive studies on sensitization. 4-Chloro-2-nitroaniline has been shown to be mutagenic in Ames tests. A carcinogenic and sensitizing effect is suspected from the existing data and the structure of the substance. Contact with 4-chloro-2-nitroaniline should be avoided by using appropriate personal protective equipment (gas masks, safety spectacles or face protection, protective gloves and protective clothing).
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2004. xii, 41p. 68 ref. Price: EUR 47.00.

CIS 04-251
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
tert-Butylbenzene
Conclusions of this criteria document which reflects the state of knowledge of June 2001: tert-butylbenzene (TBB) can be absorbed orally, dermally and by inhalation. Animal studies show severe skin irritation and weak eye irritation but no sensitization. TBB is not mutagenic in bacteria, and does not induce an increased incidence of gene conversions or chromosome aberrations. There are no studies on in vivo genotoxicity, carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2004. xiv, 84p. 157 ref. Price: EUR 47.00.

2003

CIS 05-441 Kondzielski I., Gworek B., Buczkowski R.
Biological methods of remediation of the environment polluted by radionuclides
Biologiczne metody remediacji środowiska zanieczyszczonego radionuklidami [in Polish]
This monograph is divided into three parts. The first lists the main characteristics of the most common sources of natural ionizing radiation and pollution by radionuclides, and provides a general description of contemporary methods used for the remediation of environments polluted by radionuclides. The second part provides detailed descriptions of microbiological methods of remediation of environments (groundwater, wastewater, soils and sediments) polluted by radionuclides, including biosorption, bioleaching and microbiological precipitation. The third part deals with the phytoremediation of soils and waters polluted by radionuclides, namely the use of green plants to absorb radioisotopes contained in soils.
Instytut Ochrony Środowiska, ul. Krucza 5/11, 00-548 Warszawa, Poland, 2003. 55p. Illus. 158 ref.

CIS 05-407 Żurek J., Sadowski M.
Persistent organic pollutants: Volume 1. National profile - Poland
This report presents the results of the inventory phase of the implementation of the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants in Poland. The main objective of the inventory phase was to prepare a list of hazards caused by the use of hazardous substances subject to the Stockholm Convention in Poland. The report consists of two parts: inventory of persistent organic pollutants in Poland; the state of preparedness for the implementation of the Stockholm Convention.
Instytut Ochrony Środowiska, Ul. Krucza 5/11, 00-548 Warszawa, Poland, 2003. 194p. Illus.

CIS 05-406 Gworek B., Misiaka J.
Elementary substances cycle - Monograph Volume II
Obieg pierwiastków w przyrodzie - Monografia tom II [in Polish]
This monograph consists of a compilation of papers on the following topics: circulation and accumulation of elementary substances in various parts of the environment and assessment of accumulation; toxicity of various elements; measures for the remediation of polluted sites. Several papers are in English.
Instytut Ochrony Środowiska, ul. Krucza 5/11, 00-548 Warszawa, Poland, 2003. 730p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 05-157 Concawe Review 40 - 1963-2003 - Celebrating 40 years of CONCAWE
On the occasion of CONCAWE's 40th anniversary, this issue is devoted to articles on each of the major fields of its activity. Contents: contributions to air quality; specifications on fuel quality and reduction of emissions; guidance on water and waste management; health aspects; classification, labelling and risk assessment of petroleum products; supporting the oil industry's commitment to safe operations; monitoring the performance of European cross-country oil pipelines.
CONCAWE Review, Oct. 2003, Vol.12, No.2. p.1-25. (whole issue). Illus.

CIS 03-1534
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
Risk assessment of substances in the soil
This criteria document gives an extensive overview of the testing procedures needed to perform a risk assessment of hazardous substances present in the soil. Contents: general procedures according to EU and German legislation; exposure evaluation; determination of the effective concentration; test strategy for the risk assessment of substances in the soil.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2003. xiv, 207p. Illus. 98 ref.
http://www.hirzel.de/bua-report/PDF/Summary_Report230.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1533
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
2-tert-Butylphenol
Conclusions of this criteria document: 2-tert-butylphenol is harmful to health. Studies on repeated administration are unavailable. 2-tert-butylphenol is strongly irritating to caustic to the skin and eyes. The substance is non-sensitizing in animal tests. The odour threshold is 50µg/L air and the taste threshold 30µg/L water.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2003. xii, 70p. 62 ref.
http://www.hirzel.de/bua-report/PDF/Summary_Report231.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1532
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
Methyl vinyl ketone
Conclusions of this criteria document: methyl vinyl ketone has an unpleasant odour (threshold for perception: 0.2mL/m³). Irritation of the respiratory tract occurs at 1.7mL/m³. Methyl vinyl ketone can cause skin sensitization and is caustic to the skin. Target organs in animal studies are the central nervous system, the kidneys and the liver.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2003. xii, 153p. 97 ref.
http://www.hirzel.de/bua-report/PDF/Summary_Report233.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1531
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
Tetrabromobisphenol A
Conclusions of this criteria document: there are no data concerning the effects of tetrabromobisphenol A (TTBPA) in humans. TTBPA is very toxic to various aquatic organisms. In animals, TTBA is considered to be of low toxicity after inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact. Data on in vivo genotoxicity, fertility and carcinogenicity are lacking.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2003. xviii, 132p. 143 ref.
http://www.hirzel.de/bua-report/PDF/Summary_Report239.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1805 Aquatic hazard assessment II
This report presents an update of the ECETOC Aquatic Toxicity (EAT) database. The new database (EAT 3), which contains more than 5450 entries on almost 600 chemicals provides the most comprehensive compilation of highly reliable ecotoxicity data published in the scientific press in the period 1970-2000. Some examples of the use of the EAT 3 database are provided in the report, including comparisons between species, environments, acute and chronic exposures and different life stages. The report also examines the relative sensitivity of life stages of fish and invertebrates and gives recommendations for further work. The CD-ROM containing the EAT3 database is included.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Nov. 2003. 164p. Illus. Approx. 500 ref. + CD-ROM.

CIS 03-1804 Persistence of chemicals in the environment
This review considers the current definition of persistence of chemicals in the environment, the factors that influence their degradation, methods currently used to measure degradation and the extent to which current standard degradation tests can be used to infer persistence. The review highlights the fact that a single, scientifically-agreed definition of persistence does not exist and that regulatory bodies evaluate the persistence of chemical substances in an inconsistent manner. The areas where further research is required are also discussed. In particular, the need to understand the quantitative impact of the different factors governing biodegradation rates in the environment.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Oct. 2003. 195p. Illus. 244 ref.

CIS 03-1803 (Q)SARs: Evaluation of the commercially available software for human health and environmental endpoints with respect to chemical management applications
This report evaluates the current status of the commercially available (quantitative) structure activity relationship ((Q)SAR) approaches for human health and environmental endpoints, in the context of their applicability to product development and regulatory decision making, such as in hazard assessment (classification) or risk assessment. Only endpoints for which models with sufficiently large databases are available are considered. Difficulties encountered with their modelling are discussed.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Sep. 2003. 164p. Illus. 202 ref.

CIS 03-796 Scaperdas A., Hebden C.R.
Health and Safety Executive
Source term modelling of releases within building complexes
This study relates to the dispersion of dense gases within and downstream of building complexes. A review of earlier work on the topic was undertaken, enabling the significant effects and key parameters to be identified. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling was then undertaken for a typical chlorine release within arrays of varying geometry. The results obtained from CFD were used for the development of a series of flow charts to guide the selection of appropriate modelling choices when conducting risk analysis.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2003. viii, 55p. Illus. 51 ref. Price: GBP 25.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr064.pdf [in English]

2002

CIS 03-811 Screening information data set - SIDS - for high production volume chemicals - Volume 7, Parts 1, 2 and 3
Ecotoxicological and toxicological (acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, effects on reproduction, genetic effects) data for the risk assessment of: acetic anhydride; D & C Red No. 9; benzyl chloride; 2-butoxyethanol; 4-chloro-o-cresol; 2,6-dichlorotoluene; dicyclopentadiene; cresyl diphenyl phosphate; pentaerythritol; hydroquinone; melamine; 3-methyl butynol; α-methyl styrene.
United Nations Environment Programme, Case postale 356, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, June 2002. viii, 328p. Index (Part 1); viii, 322p. Index (Part 2); viii, 295p. Index (Part 3).
http://www.chem.unep.ch/irptc/sids/oecdsids/indexcasnumb.htm [in English]

CIS 03-537 Howe P.D., Dobson S.
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Silver and silver compounds: Environmental aspects
This criteria document reviews ecotoxicity data on silver and its compounds. Contents: identity and physical/chemical properties; analytical methods for the measurement of silver in biological and abiotic samples; sources of environmental exposure; environmental transport, distribution and transformation; environmental levels; effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms in the laboratory and field; effects evaluation; previous evaluations by international bodies.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2002. iii, 36p. Illus. 155 ref.
http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad44.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-356 Scientific principles for soil hazard assessment of substances
Compared to atmospheric or water biotopes, soil is extremely heterogeneous, varying in mineral and organic matter content and sizes of particles, aggregates, pores and micropores. It also contains air and water. This creates a wide spectrum of environmental conditions which influence substances in a number of ways, including their bioavailability. There are as yet no criteria for a classification scheme of substances that are toxic to organisms in the soil. This report discusses scientific principles which could be used as a basis for such a classification scheme. Contents: introduction and objectives; identification of the main drivers (toxicity and bioavailability); measurement of terrestrial effects; estimation of terrestrial effects; identification of modifying factors (long-term effects, biodegradation, abiotic degradation, volatilization, leaching), summary and conclusions.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, July 2002. 47p. Illus. 61 ref. Price: EUR 125.00 (for non-ECETOC members).

CIS 03-286 Fernández Sánchez C., Jiménez Jado N.E.
Electrochemical recycling of acid solutions of aromatic nitro compounds
Reciclado electroquímico de compuestos nitroaromáticos disueltos en medios ácidos [in Spanish]
Aromatic nitro compounds are among the most common industrial pollutants. They are used in inks and dyes, in the pharmaceutical industry and cosmetics, and in explosives. In this article, an experimental electrochemical method for the recycling of effluents contaminated with aromatic nitro compounds is proposed, and the influence of various parameters (temperature, current density, electrolyte concentration) and their interactions on the decomposition of these compounds are studied. A comparative study indicated that these parameters do not influence their degradation in sulfuric acid, while the best results are obtained in sulfuric acid concentrations of 96%. Electrochemical methods represent a viable alternative to biodegradation.
Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 2002, Vol.22, No.87, p.9-15. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 02-1560 Screening information data set SIDS for high production volume chemicals - Volume 8, Parts 1 and 2
Ecotoxicological and toxicological (acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, effects on reproduction, genetic effects) data for the risk assessment of 7 chemicals: 1,4-butanediol, p-tert-butylphenol, diacetone alcohol, 4-5-dihydroxy-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl) imidazolidin-2-one (synonym: dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea), glycidyl methacrylate, 4,4'- methylenedianiline and 1,1,2-trichloroethane.
United Nations Environment Programme, 11-13 chemin des Anémones, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, Nov. 2002. viii, 264p. Bibl.ref. (Part 1); viii, 302p. Bibl.ref. (Part 2).

CIS 02-1329 Ewers L.M., Ruder A.M., Petersen M.R., Earnest G.S., Goldenhar L.M.
Effects of retrofit emission controls and work practices on perchloroethylene exposures in small dry-cleaning shops
An evaluation of technological development for reducing workers' tetrachloroethylene exposures in dry-cleaning shops. The interventions were either the addition of a refrigerated condenser or a closed-loop carbon adsorber. The effectiveness was judged using three types of measurements: (1) full-shift, personal breathing zone, air monitoring, (2) next-morning, end-exhaled worker breath concentrations of tetrachloroethylene and (3) differences in the end-exhaled breath concentrations before and after opening the dry-cleaning machine door.
Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Feb. 2002, Vol.17, No.2, p.112-120. Illus. 21 ref.

CIS 02-569
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
Monochloroacetone
Toxicological criteria document. Monochloroacetone causes irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract. Skin contact causes painful blistering. Animal studies show toxic effects upon repeated oral administration, inhalation exposure and repeated spreading onto the skin. Results of genotoxicity studies are contradictory. No tumour-initiating effect was shown. There are no carcinogenicity studies available.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Allemagne, 2002. xiii, 80p. 74 ref.

CIS 02-568
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
2,4,5-Trichloroaniline
Toxicological criteria document. 2,4,5-trichloroaniline can be absorbed orally, dermally and possibly also by inhalation. Animal studies show symptoms such as narcosis, weight loss, paralysis of the hind extremities as well as a mild methaemoglobin formation. Retarded growth and alterations in the liver and spleen as well as blood alterations have been observed. 2,4,5-trichloroaniline has no mutagenic effect.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Allemagne, 2002. xvi, 140p. 122 ref.

2001

CIS 08-260 Boland R.G.A.
Qualification in environmental management - 5. Support materials for the qualification in general environmental management
Capacitación en administración del medio ambiente - 5. Materiales de apoyo para la capacitación en administración general del medio ambiente [in Spanish]
This manual is part of a five-volume series on environmental management aimed among others at enterprises, training institutions and field project managers. It includes case studies, questionnaires, reference materials, exercises and practical solutions. This volume is designed to help to the organizer of the environmental management training programme in the use the didactic materials. It explains how to set objectives and analyze needs, together with instructor qualifications, the methodology to be followed and delivery of the programme. See also CIS 08-256/259.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 99p. Illus.

CIS 08-259 Boland R.G.A.
Qualification in environmental management - 4. Simulation of environmental management
Capacitación en administración del medio ambiente - 4. Simulación de la administración del medio ambiente [in Spanish]
This manual is part of a five-volume series on environmental management aimed among others at enterprises, training institutions and field project managers. It includes case studies, questionnaires, reference materials, exercises and practical solutions. This volume consists of a guide for trainers conducting an environmental management training session involving hypothetical scenarios during which participants can apply their knowledge and creativity. Appendices include a detailed description of the materials of the program and a basic glossary. See also CIS 08-256/258 and 08-260.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 84p. Illus.

CIS 08-258 Boland R.G.A.
Qualification in environmental management - 3. Production management and the environment
Capacitación en administración del medio ambiente - 3. Administración de la producción y el medio ambiente [in Spanish]
This manual is part of a five-volume series on environmental management aimed among others at enterprises, training institutions and field project managers. It includes case studies, questionnaires, reference materials, exercises and practical solutions. It describes to the relationships between production functions and systems and the environment (physical, social, economic, technological and cultural), as well as the relationship between product design and environmental aspects. It defines criteria for selecting new technologies and explains the use of the waste indices to measure residual contamination generated by the enterprise. Appendices include a detailed description of the materials of the program and a basic glossary. See also CIS 08-256/257 and 08-259/260.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 202p. Illus.

CIS 08-257 Boland R.G.A.
Qualification in environmental management - 2. Project management and the environment
Capacitación en administración del medio ambiente - 2. Administración de proyectos y el medio ambiente [in Spanish]
This manual is part of a five-volume series on environmental management aimed among others at enterprises, training institutions and field project managers. It addresses the factors involved in project management, including the preparation, viability assessment, implementation and environmental impact assessment. It includes case studies, questionnaires, reference materials, exercises and practical solutions. Contents: objectives and scope; project development; project implementation; project management and environmental assessment. Appendices include a detailed description of the materials of the program and a basic glossary. See also CIS 08-256 and 08-258/260.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 154p. Illus.

CIS 08-256 Boland R.G.A.
Qualification in environmental management - 1. General environmental management
Capacitación en administración del medio ambiente - 1. Administración general del medio ambiente [in Spanish]
This manual is part of a five-volume series on environmental management aimed among others at enterprises, training institutions and field project managers. It explains the terminology and concepts of environmental management, as well as how to relate enterprise objectives to environmental protection, recognize the influence of the social groups and generate awareness for the fact that prevention of pollution is a profitable investment for the enterprise. It includes case studies, questionnaires, reference materials, exercises and practical solutions. Contents: objectives and scope; environment and company objectives; extent and structure of the environment; interactions between nature, society and the enterprise; environmental impact evaluation; benefits of pollution prevention. Appendices include a detailed description of the materials of the program and a basic glossary. See also CIS 08-257/260.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 226p. Illus.

CIS 03-1802 Aquatic toxicity of mixtures
The inherent toxicity of a substance to aquatic organisms is typically determined via single-species laboratory tests. Results from these tests are used to determine a Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) for ecosystems for each substance. Since organisms in the environment are exposed simultaneously to a wide range of substances, it is important to understand the potential effects of mixtures to aquatic organisms. The effects of mixtures can be generally categorized as additive (corresponding to the addition of toxicities for each mixture component are considered additive), greater than additive (synergism) and less than additive (antagonism). This document examines acute and chronic toxicity of mixtures of metals, pesticides, surfactants and general chemicals in laboratory tests and describes different approaches for assessing the toxic effects of mixtures of substances in the environment.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, July 2001. 64p. Illus. 159 ref.

CIS 03-117 A checklist for meeting objectives
Mit der Checkliste zum Ziel [in German]
The Emas II Ordinance, which is an overhaul of the Emas I European regulations on the implementation of an environmental management system and audit aimed at making it compatible with the ISO 14001 standard, came into effect in Germany on 27 April 2001. The practical implementation of Emas II on the basis of the text of the ordinance turns out to be rather complicated and lengthy. Two environmental experts therefore undertook to analyse the ordinance and developed a checklist addressing all aspects to be covered and the requirements that need to be met. This list can be equally used by environmental experts and by responsible persons within enterprises who wish to apply the procedure. The list can be downloaded from the Internet (URL http://www.technikwissen.de//library/pdf/frageliste.pdf).
Umwelt, June 2001, Vol.31, No.6, p.29. Illus.

CIS 03-348 Annual report 2001
Annual report presenting the financial results, together with the report of activities for the year 2001. Topics covered include: overview of 2001; activities of tasks forces on generic issues and on specific substances; funding of long-term research; input to risk assessment documents; workshops; external collaborations; publications; organization; administration; board members; member companies; financial results.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC), Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, 2001. 31p. Illus.

CIS 03-339
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Inventory of IPCS and other WHO pesticide evaluations and summary of toxicological evaluations performed by the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR). Evaluations through 2001
The goal of IPCS activities in the field of pesticides is to identify the type and extent of potential risks to human health arising from the manufacture, transport, use, storage and disposal of pesticides, or the consumption of pesticide residues. For each of the approximately 200 pesticides that have been evaluated to date, the following information is provided (where it exists): CAS registry number; chemical class; use (insecticide, acaricide, herbicide, fungicide, soil fumigant, etc.); reference to IPCS Environmental Health Criteria documents, IPCS Health and Safety Guides, WHO/FAO Data Sheets, IARC reports, WHO Specifications for pesticides used in public health and WHO Guidelines for drinking water quality; prior evaluations by the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues. Replaces CIS 99-1628.
World Health Organization (WHO), 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2001. 59p.

CIS 02-573
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
2-Chloroacetamide
Conclusions of this criteria document: there are no data available on the toxicokinetics, metabolism and carcinogenicity of 2-chloroacetamide, nor on its dermal acute toxicity or dust inhalation toxicity. Numerous cases of 2-chloroacetamide-induced contact allergies are reported.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2001. xiii, 125p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 02-572
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
Propargyl alcohol
Conclusions of this criteria document: the sensitization capacity, reproductive toxicity and carcinogenicity of propargyl alcohol cannot be adequately evaluated on the basis of available data. Animal experiments are recommended to clarify the sensitizing properties of the substance. Genotoxicity studies showed no signs of genotoxic potential.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2001. x, 118p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 02-571
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
Genistein - Model substance for describing endocrine effects of phytoestrogens
Based on a literature survey, this report reviews the effects of genostein. Genostein is a phyto-estrogen, i.e. its effects are similar to those of estrogens. High concentrations of genostein are found notably in soybeans which are a staple food in Asia. It is therefore important to understand the pharmacokinetics, metabolism and induced effects of this product. At genistein concentrations corresponding to those of the typical Asian diet, findings included relatively low effects on the hormonal system and a lengthening of the menstrual cycle among pre-menopausal women. These effects may influence cancer incidence rates, in particular for breast cancer. However, many studies highlight the beneficial effects of diets rich in genostein or phyto-estrogens. In vitro studies and animal experiments show genistein to have toxicological properties similar to those of estrogens.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2001. xviii, 134p. 237 ref.

CIS 02-341
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Proceedings of the subregional workshop on identification and management of PCBs and dioxins/furans
Papers presented at a workshop on the identification and management of PCBs, dioxins and furans held in La Habana, Cuba, 23-26 April 2001. The workshop examined the current international situation concerning persistent organic chemicals (POPs), PCBs, dioxins and furans. Other topics addressed: developing inventories for these products; classification of PCBs; storage of PCBs; technologies for treating and eliminating PCBs; experience in managing PCBs; techniques aimed at reducing emissions of furans and dioxins; Basle Convention and other legal aspects.
UNEP Chemicals, International Environmental House, 11-13 chemin des Anémones, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, 2001. 332p. Illus.

CIS 02-336 Risk assessment in marine environments
This report proposes a framework for marine risk assessment. Main topics covered: distribution of chemical pollutants in marine environments; degradation; determination of exposure concentrations (PEC, PNEC); bioaccumulation; ecotoxicity; risk characterization; proposed approach to extend the EU Technical guidance document to the marine environment; research recommendations.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Dec. 2001. 140p. Illus. 192 ref.

CIS 02-271 Gérardin F., Muller-Rodriguez N., Quenis B.
Trichloramine stripping in swimming pool buffer tanks - Study of various gas/liquid contact systems
Strippage de la trichloramine dans les bacs tampons des piscines - Etude de différents contacteurs gaz/liquide [in French]
The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of four gas/liquid contactors. These systems can be adapted to the buffer tanks of public swimming pools to extract, by stripping, the trichloramine present in re-circulated water of pools. Work was carried out on a pilot scale, enabling several parameters to be varied. The results confirmed the satisfactory levels of extraction that were found during full-scale trials, where up over 60% reductions in concentration of atmospheric trichloramine achieved, and enabled the determination of the design parameters for each system. An example of design calculations for these four systems for a typical buffer tank is included.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 2001, No.184, Note No.2153-184-01, p.25-36. Illus. 5 ref.

2000

CIS 02-1130
German Chemical Society - GDCh-Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
Marine risk assessment: Concept and criteria
This document is presented as a proposal to complement the European Union convention specified in the Technical Guidance Document for Risk Assessment of New and Existing Chemicals (see CIS 97-932), in particular for risk assessment in the marine environment. Two approaches are proposed, one for local assessment, the other for regional assessment. For local areas of increased exposure, risk is assessed by comparing environmental concentration and data on biological effects. For regional areas, a modified risk assessment method is proposed, based on the identification and evaluation of substances whose discharge can lead to short- or long-term marine pollution.
S. Hirzel Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2000. 34p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 02-340
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Proceedings of the subregional workshop on identification and management of dioxins/furans and PCBs
Papers presented at a workshop on the identification of dioxins, furans and PCBs held in Seoul, Republic of Korea, 24-28 July 2000. The aims of the workshop were to develop action plans and strategies for reducing or eliminating the releases of these chemicals, to identify regional needs and to plan cooperation and future actions in preparation of the future convention on persistent organic chemicals (POPs). The current state of negotiations concerning the global POP treaty was also addressed.
UNEP Chemicals, International Environmental House, 11-13 chemin des Anémones, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, 2000. iv, 387p. Illus.

CIS 01-1405 Gabriel D.
Case law of the environment, health and safety at work - 1999/2000
Jurisprudence de l'environnement, de la santé et sécurité au travail [in French]
This publication presents the main jurisprudential rulings made during the year 1999 and in early 2000 in all areas related to environmental, hygiene, and occupational safety and health matters, both in France and at the European Union level. These decisions are annotated further with additional comments drawn from press articles and legal or regulatory texts.
Editions Tissot, B.P. 109, 74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France, 2000. 155p.

CIS 01-728 Krieger G.R.
Accident prevention manual for business and industry: Environmental management
Fourth part of a series of textbooks on safety management in enterprises (for parts 1, 2 and 3, see CIS 01-692, CIS 01-693 and CIS 00-396). It covers environmental management from the business point of view. Contents: general framework (history and development, economic and ethical issues, legal and legislative framework in the US and internationally, basic principles of environmental science, managing environmental resources, environmental audits and site assessments); waste management (hazardous wastes, health and safety training for hazardous waste activities, pollution prevention approaches and technologies); special concerns (public health issues, risk assessment, indoor air quality, global issues, using the systems approach to avoid risks). In appendices: case studies; sources of help; glossaries.
National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca IL 60143-3201, USA, 2nd ed., 2000. xiv, 539p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 79.95 (members), USD 99.95 (non-members).

CIS 00-1260 Dobson S.
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Ethylene glycol: Environmental aspects
Two-thirds of the word production of ethylene glycol is used as a chemical intermediate and one-fourth as an antifreeze in engine coolants. It is also used as a runway de-icer in airports; in this case the local release is important. Tests show that ethylene glycol is readily biodegradable. Pure ethylene glycol has generally low toxicity in organisms; ethylene glycol-based de-icers however show greater toxicity. Studies in the vicinity of an airport have reported toxic signs in aquatic organisms, fish kills and reduced biodiversity, but these effects cannot be attributed with certainty to ethylene glycol. Terrestrial organisms are less exposed and show low sensitivity. The appropriate International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) is given. Summaries in French and in Spanish.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. iii, 24p. Illus. 88 ref. Price: CHF 13.00 (CHF 9.10 in developing countries).
http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad22.pdf [in English]

1999

CIS 03-1797 Behret H., Koppenhöfer J.
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
Assessment of existing chemicals: A contribution towards improving chemical safety
This document describes the approach adopted by the BUA (German Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals) for the assessment of existing chemicals (selection procedures, categorizing, priority setting, pathway from a priority substance to a BUA report, design and contents of reports). It also shows how the BUA assessment fits into the EU existing chemicals assessment and the resulting tasks of the BUA. Finally, BUA's scientific projects, its work in national and international committees and institutions and a list of its publications are presented.
S. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh), Postfach 90 04 40, 60444 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 1999. 83p. Illus.

CIS 03-1162 Environmental management - Examples of environmental performance evaluation (EPE)
This technical report provides examples of environmental performance evaluation (EPE) that represent a range of applications from simple to elaborate, and a range of organizations (enterprises in the manufacturing and service sector; non-governmental organizations; government agencies; small, medium and large enterprises; organizations with and without certified environmental management systems) and geographical locations.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 1999. vi, 93p. 10 ref.

CIS 03-729 Concawe Review 8:1
Topics covered in this review of CONCAWE's activities relate mainly to the environmental aspects of the organization's work. Contents: assessing the monetary benefit of improving air quality; European air quality in the future; energy use and CO₂ emissions in refinery operations; CONCAWE guidelines on gasoline volatility aspects; the Seveso 2 Directive; developments related to the existing substances regulation; occupational noise and the proposed EC directive for physical agents; best available techniques to reduce emissions from refineries.
CONCAWE Review, Apr. 1999, Vol.8, No.1, p.1-24. Illus.

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