Environmental pollution - 665 entries found

Your search criteria are

• Environmental pollution

1993

CIS 95-2274 Smoragiewicz W., Cossette B., Boutard A., Krzystyniak K.
Trichothecene mycotoxins in the dust of ventilation systems in office buildings
The presence of trichothecene mycotoxins in dust samples from the air conditioning systems of four office buildings in Montreal, Canada, was determined. The buildings were known to cause sick building syndrome among their occupants. Analyses of the dust samples by thin-layer chromatography yielded four kinds of trichothecene mycotoxins. The results were confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. This method appeared to be more sensitive while positive colour reaction on thin-layer chromatography plates using 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine proved less costly and less time-consuming. It was found suitable for qualitative detection of trichothecene mycotoxins in dust extracts.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1993, Vol.65, No.2, p.113-117. 25 ref.

CIS 95-686 Tsai-Köster L.H.
Earthwatch Global Environment Monitoring System
A survey of organizations working in the field of environment statistics and data
This survey is a joint project of the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSTAT) and the UNEP Harmonization of Environmental Measurement (HEM) Office. Details are provided for 136 organizations: United Nations organizations, intergovernmental, governmental, non-governmental and academic organizations and industrial or commercial organizations. Information provided for each one includes: title and acronym of organization; contact name and address; country in which the organization is based; organizational affiliation or form; work programme; main objectives; data sources; training facilities; publications.
GSF Research Centre for Environment and Health, Neuherberg Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany, Dec. 1993. xviii, 328p.

CIS 94-2003 Schmidt-Bleek F., Marchal M.M.
Comparing regulatory regimes for pesticide control in 22 countries - Toward a new generation of pesticide regulation
Some historical developments of chemical control legislation are traced, from specialized laws, such as pesticide acts, to the 1970/1980 generation of generalized legal instruments involving all commercial chemicals. It is then argued that a "cradle-to-grave" assessment will henceforth be necessary. The international implications of the worldwide trade in pesticides are considered. As the use of pesticides has invariably transfrontier effects and since unilateral import restrictions due to environmental quality requirements constitute non-tariff barriers to trade, a high degree of international harmonization is desirable. The results of a comprehensive review in 1990/1991 of the regulatory pesticide management regime in 22 countries are presented, comprising countries from Central and Eastern Europe as well as the industrialized Western countries. Taking all observations into consideration, an advanced prototype legislative framework for pesticide management is proposed.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, June 1993, Vol.17, No.3, p.262-281. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 94-1684 Canadian Environmental Protection Act: Priority Substances List Assessment Report - Chlorinated wastewater effluents
This report reviews the literature on the sources of chlorinated wastewater, its fate and concentration in the environment, and its effects on the environment. Sources of chlorinated wastewater include municipal wastewater treatment plants, cooling waters from power generating stations and industrial wastewater effluents. A study of ten municipal wastewater treatment plants indicated that total residual chlorine and other chlorinated compounds produced by chlorination are important contributors to the observed toxicity of these wastewaters.
Environmental Health Centre, Health and Welfare Canada, Room 104, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0L2, Canada, 1993. vi, 33p. 92 ref.

CIS 94-1235 Greer J.R., Abbey D.E., Burchette R.J.
Asthma related to occupational and ambient air pollutants in non smokers
To determine the association of occupational and general air pollutant exposure with the development of adult asthma, a standardized respiratory questionnaire was administered to a cohort of 3914 non-smoking adults in 1977 and again in 1987. Ambient air pollution levels at place of work and residence over a 20-year period were established by interpolation from concentrations measured at fixed monitoring stations. Second-hand smoke exposure was significantly associated with the development of asthma. Airway obstructive disease before age 16 was related to marked increased risk. An increased risk of asthma in men was significantly associated with increased exposure to ozone.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1993, Vol.35, No.9, p.909-915. Illus. 42 ref.

CIS 94-1358 Kukkonen J., Savolainen A.L., Valkama I., Juntto S., Vesala T.
Long-range transport of ammonia released in a major chemical accident at Ionava, Lithuania
An estimate is made of the atmospheric dispersion of ammonia released in a major chemical accident in Lithuania in 1989. Emphasis is placed on possible long-range effects. The computations were made using trajectory and dispersion models based on gradient-transfer diffusion theory and using actual meteorological data. The computer concentrations were compared with available observations obtained from the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme stations. Results indicate that most of the ammonia escaped the monitoring stations in Finland.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Sep. 1993, Vol.35, No.1, p.1-16. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 94-839
International Metalworkers' Federation (IMF)
Community and environmental hazards in microelectronics manufacturing
Les dangers de l'industrie microélectronique pour les collectivités et l'environnement [in French]
A survey of the occupational and environmental hazards associated with the microelectronics industry. Contents: how hazards (i.e. dangerous substances) escape; lasting presence of toxic substances; a case study from the Mexico-US border; pollution (of air, water, soil); handling and storage; accidents, spills, other emergencies; how local communities are affected (effects of solvents, gases, metals, acids and alkalis, bonding chemicals, mixtures); improving hazard control (air pollution control, record keeping). Glossary of terms used.
IMF Bulletin on Occupational Health and Safety - Bulletin FIOM sur l'hygiène et la sécurité au travail, 1993, No.33, p.1-15 (whole issue). Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 94-1002
Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
o-Dichlorobenzene (1,2-dichlorobenzene)
o-Dichlorobenzene is readily absorbed following oral, inhalation or dermal exposure. Liquid o-dichlorobenzene is strongly irritating to human skin, while vapours cause irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract. Animal studies indicate that acute exposure causes changes in the liver and kidney. No carcinogenic effects have been observed.
S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1993. xviii, 252p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 88.00.

CIS 94-999
Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
Tributylamine (N,N-dibutylbutane-1-amine)
No data are available on the effects of tributylamine in humans. Animal experiments indicate that at low doses the substance causes a fall of blood pressure, slowing of the pulse and increase in heart volume; severe skin irritation and necroses have also been observed. No studies on carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicology are available.
S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1993. xii, 52p. 102 ref. Price: DEM 48.00.

CIS 94-998
Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
Dibutyl phthalate
Little information is available concerning the effects of dibutyl phthalate in humans. Animal experiments indicate that the substance has no acute toxicity and its subacute toxicity is low. No irritant or sensitizing effects have been observed. The main adverse effects observed in animals are enlarged livers and impairment of fertility and embryo development; it is suspected of causing cancer of the liver.
S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1993. xiv, 71p. 170 ref. Price: DEM 48.00.

CIS 94-995
Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA)
Pentachlorophenol
Cases of acute toxicity have been reported following inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption of pentachlorophenol (PCP). Symptoms of intoxication include: weight loss, dizziness, mental disorientation, accelerated pulse and breathing, increased body temperature and effects on the central nervous system. Long-term effects of occupational exposure include irritation of the skin, eyes and nasal mucous membranes, chloracne and symptoms such as exhaustion, neuralgia and hepatic dysfunction, chronic porphyria and toxic myocarditis.
S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1993. xv, 147p. 369 ref. Price: DEM 72.00.

CIS 94-1023 Hicks A.J.
Directory of organizations and institutes active in environmental monitoring
This directory provides information on 266 institutions in 50 countries active in the field of environmental monitoring. Information provided for each institution (where available): name and address; contact name and telephone number; type of organization; geographical scope; activities; areas of interest; activities related to measurements and monitoring; quality assurance/quality control procedures; instrumentation available; databases; programme participation; publications; meetings.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environment Monitoring System, Harmonization of Environmental Measurement (HEM), c/o GSF (Research Centre for Environment and Health) Neuherberg, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany, 2nd edition, Dec. 1993. 596p.

CIS 94-985 Pope A.M., Patterson R., Burge H.
Institute of Medicine
Indoor allergens: Assessing and controlling adverse health effects
This report evaluates current knowledge of allergic diseases as they relate to indoor airborne allergens, along with methods for their control. Contents: introduction to allergens and the indoor environment, concepts and definitions; magnitude and dimensions of sensitization and disease caused by indoor allergens; agents, sources, source controls and diseases; mechanisms of immune function; medical testing methods; assessing exposure and risk; engineering control strategies; the role of education. Glossary. A number of priority recommendations and research topics are included.
National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Box 285, Washington, DC 20055, USA, 1993. x, 308p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index.

CIS 94-627 Bord B.S.
Clean air at work
Questions to be addressed by those with responsibilities for dealing with airborne contamination in the workplace are considered. These include: monitoring by means of relevant and valid measurements of airborne concentrations of contaminants; carrying out risk assessments; selection of effective technical and managerial corrective actions from a hierarchy of control options; the impact of the EC Machinery Directive, which specifies essential health and safety requirements for machinery.
Industrial Safety Data File, Oct. 1993, p.H:16:1-H:16:4.

CIS 94-429 Chemical products: The Act and Regulations [Sweden]
Kemiska produkter: Lag och förordningar [in Swedish]
This compendium of Swedish legislation (for last edition abstracted, see CIS 89-723) concerning chemical products contains the full texts of: Chemical Products Act (1985, amended in 1988); Act on the taxation of batteries harmful to the environment (1990); Regulation on chemical products (1985, amended to 1993); Regulations on pesticides, PCBs, motor fuel, cadmium, certain substances harmful to health or the environment, harmful waste, obligation to notify the authorities of asbestos in ventilation equipment, prohibition of asbestos in friction linings in vehicles, batteries harmful to the environment, CFCs and halon, sale and storage of certain volatile solvents; Prescriptions of the Chemicals Inspectorate for the classification and labelling of harmful chemical products during their transfer, and for the provision of material safety data sheets.
Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 7th ed., 1993. 111p. Illus.

CIS 94-215 Becher H., Jedrychowski W., Wahrendorf J., Basa-Cierpialek Z., Flak E., Gomola K.
Effects of occupational air pollutants on various histological types of lung cancer: A population based case-control study
A population-based case-control study was performed in Cracow (Poland), to determine the effect of occupational air pollutants on various histological types of lung cancer. The case group included 343 subjects with squamous cell carcinomas, 151 with small cell carcinomas, 106 with adenocarcinomas and 27 with other histological types. Long-term (>20yrs) exposure to mineral dust and metal dust was a significant risk factor for small cell and squamous cell carcinomas. The highest relative risk (RR=2.45, 95% CI=1.43-4.19) due to occupational exposures was for squamous cell carcinoma and exposure to mineral dust for >20yrs. RR for small cell carcinoma (2.29) and adenocarcinoma (2.04) and exposure to mineral dust was smaller. No specific agent could be identified as particularly important for a specific histological type.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.50, No.2, p.136-142. 27 ref.

CIS 94-335 Holmes G., Singh B.R., Louis T.
Handbook of environmental management and technology
A thorough review of environmental issues, technical measures for pollution control and management considerations. The discussion of regulatory issues focusses on the situation in the USA. The chapters on health and safety and on accident and emergency management are of immediate interest to occupational safety and health specialists, and other chapters include relevant information on topics such as non-chemical hazards, monitoring of hazardous substances and hazard communication.
John Wiley and Sons Limited, Baffins Lane, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 1UD, United Kingdom, 1993. x, 651p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 62.00.

CIS 94-3 Bormans J.
Guide on European safety and environmental regulations [European Communities]
This 2-volume compendium contains the full text of international instruments adopted or proposed for adoption within the EEC. Emitting organizations include the European Economic Community (EEC) (Action Programmes, Recommendations, Directives, Resolutions, relevant sections of the Single Act); the ILO (proposed Convention and Recommendation on major hazards); the OECD (Paris Convention of 14 Dec. 1960). Sections of the Compendium are foreseen for eventual inclusion of instruments by the Council of Europe, the United Nations and other international organizations.
Kluwer Editorial, Excelsiorlaan 18, 1930 Zaventem (Brussels), Belgium, 1993. 2 loose-leaf binders. Illus. Price: BEF 35,485.

CIS 94-255 Vinzents P., Laursen B.
A national cross-sectional study of the working environment in the Danish wood and furniture industry - Air pollution and noise
A cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Danish wood and furniture industry at 200 factories. Representative estimates of employees' full-shift exposures to wood dust, vapours from organic solvents, formaldehyde and noise dose were calculated using a model for two-stage cluster designs. Exposures to air pollutants were generally below the occupational exposure limits (OELs), while noise doses were at the same level as the OEL. The overall exposure to wood dust was 0.90mg/m³, exposure to vapours from organic solvents was 0.13C/OEL and noise dose, Leq (8h), was 90.5dB(A).
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Feb. 1993, Vol.37, No.1, p.25-34. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 94-158 XXIInd National Congress of Occupational Medicine - First European meeting - Topic 1: Environment and occupational medicine
XXIIes Journées nationales de médecine du travail - Première rencontre européenne - Thème 1: Environnement et médecine du travail [in French]
Papers and posters presented at the XXIInd National Congress of Occupational Medicine on the environment and occupational medicine (Nantes, France, 2-5 June 1992). Main topics relating to health at work: biotechnology and occupational medicine; major chemical and technological risks; occupational medicine and the circadian rhythm; toxicological database for use in case of a major accident (Isère, France); waste dump workers as sentinels for the general public; utility to occupational medicine of requests for permits to market chemical products; collection of household waste in a large city: environmental and occupational risks; biocidal substances in water and occupational pathology; the environment and the quarrying industry; chemical risk and the environment in the building industry. Posters.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1993, Vol.54, No.2, vi, 172p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-1983 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 93-1642. It presents: testing of carbon monoxide and methane warning devices; random sampling in emission measurements according to German industry (VDI) guidelines; reporting of odour pollution; updated portions of technical rules TRGS 002 and TRGS 102; the full text of the Federal Exposure Protection Law (Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz) with commentaries and rules of application; European Community Directive 88/609 on the control of air pollution by large fired industrial installations, with a draft amendment.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Justus-von-Leibig-Str. 1, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 26. Ergänzungslieferung, Sep. 1993. 202p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-1980 Risk Reduction Monograph No.1 : Lead - Background and national experience with reducing risk
This monograph summarises information regarding releases of lead into the environment and the ensuing environmental and human exposures, the way various countries perceive the risks associated with exposure to lead and the actions taken by those countries and industry to reduce the risks. Information on the benefits, in terms of protection of human health and the environment that could result from taking such actions, is presented where available. Industries where occupational exposure to lead may occur are listed and a table shows exposure limits in each country studied. Detailed summary in French.
OECD Environment Directorate, Environmental Health and Safety Division, 2 rue André Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France, 1993. 277p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-1642 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 93-943. It presents: test certificates for various Dräger detector tubes; updates of the Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances (TRGS), including changes in the official German exposure limit lists; guidelines on the detection and evaluation of olfactory pollution; an ordinance on the reporting of air pollutants; two draft European Commission Directives (promotion of standardisation, compilation of environmental statistics); a discussion of European quality assurance standards (EN 29 000 and 45 000).
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Justus-von-Leibig-Str. 1, D-W-8920 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 24. Ergänzungslieferung, May. 1993. 340p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-1379 Hendry K.M., Cole E.C.
A review of mycotoxins in indoor air
The literature on mycotoxins is reviewed with emphasis on mycotoxins in indoor air. Consideration is given to specific mycotoxins identified in indoor air, indoor sources of the mycotoxins, factors affecting mycotoxin production, potential health effects indicated by animal laboratory studies, and case studies of possible human inhalation health effects. Historically, mycotoxicoses have been associated with consumption of mouldy grain and recently attention has been given to mycotoxins in agricultural dusts. The few available indoor studies suggest that mycotoxicoses may occur in some indoor environments.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Feb. 1993, Vol.38, No.2, p.183-198. 48 ref.

CIS 93-943 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 93-264. It includes the texts of the Equipment Safety Law (Gerätesicherheitsgesetz), of Technical Rule TRGS 102, giving Technical Indicative Concentrations (Technische Richtkonzentrationen, TRK) for substances that have no official Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAK), of European Directive 92/32/EEC (CIS 92-726), which amends for the seventh time the Directive on the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances, 67/548/EEC, and of a policy statement on European standardisation in the area of occupational safety and health that has been adopted jointly by the German Federal Ministry of Labour, the competent authorities in the States, insurers, the social partners and the German Standards Institute (DIN).
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Justus-von-Leibig-Str. 1, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 26. Ergänzungslieferung, Feb. 1993. 200p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-942 Environmental hazard assessment of substances
This report describes the development of a process for the environmental hazard assessment of substances, including principles and practical approaches. The assessment of whether a substance presents a hazard to environmental organisms is based on a comparison of the predicted environmental concentration (PEC) with the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) to organisms in ecosystems. In this approach, the estimation of PEC values is based on exposure model calculations and PNEC values on toxicological data. It was demonstrated that, for the limited number of substances tested and using PNEC values for aquatic organisms only, the proposed approach represents a workable system for the aquatic environment.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Boîte 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Jan. 1993. 92p. 46 ref.

1992

CIS 97-2003 Opinion adopted by the Italian National Advisory Toxicological Committee on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Parero espresso dalla Commissione Consultiva Tossicologica Nazionale sugli idrocarburi policiclici aromatici [in Italian]
This report evaluates potential exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air, food and drinking water, and provides quantitative estimates of the risk of PAH-associated lung cancer and of carcinogenic risk associated with ingestion of benzo(a)pyrene.
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy, 1992. 69p. Index. Bibl.ref.

CIS 95-2039 Muñoz R.J.
Hygiene in food preparation: Guide for the food handler
La higiene en la manipulación de alimentos - Guía para el manipulador [in Spanish]
Introduction to the basics of good hygiene for food handlers.
Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1992. 20p. Illus.

CIS 95-1777 Lebowitz M.D., Walkinshaw D.S.
A selection of papers from INDOOR AIR '90 concerning health effects associated with indoor air contaminants
Selected papers are presented from the Fifth International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate held in Toronto, Canada, 29 July - 3 August 1990. Papers include: study of the effect of air humidification on symptoms and perception of indoor air quality in office workers; sick building syndrome in a new air-conditioned building; studies of the effects on humans of exposure to a volatile organic mixture; sensitivity of the eyes to airborne irritants; effects of particulate matter exposure and medication use on asthmatics; multipollutant exposures and health responses to particulate matter; the health significance of environmental odour pollution.
Archives of Environmental Health, Jan.-Feb. 1992, Vol.47, No.1, p.6-91. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 95-592 Tarcher A.B.
Principles and practice of environmental medicine
Contents of this manual: fundamentals of environmental medicine; exposure to environmental chemicals and physical agents (air and water pollution, food contamination, hazardous wastes); body defence against exposure; clinical considerations; disorders associated with exposure to environmental chemicals and physical agents; assessing exposure to environmental chemicals; methods of exposure control and governmental regulation. Appendices include: selected toxic chemicals and their adverse health effects; work-related diseases; job categories, exposures and work-related diseases.
Plenum Publishing Corporation, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA, 1992. xv, 632p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 85.00.

CIS 95-687 Delve M., Mandry P.
Earthwatch Global Environment Monitoring System
A survey of organizations and laboratories manufacturing, supplying or using reference materials for environmental measurement
This directory is based on the results of a questionnaire survey carried out by the UNEP Harmonization of Environmental Measurement (HEM) Programme. Information provided for the 62 international and national organizations and laboratories listed includes: name of organization; contact name and address; type of organization; work programme; information on the production, certification and distribution of reference materials and ordering procedures; organizational objectives; advisory and consultancy services; publications; co-operating bodies.
GSF Research Centre for Environment and Health, Neuherberg Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany, Nov. 1992. iii, 131p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 94-1692 Besenval V., Gambelli F.
Guide to the environment for industrial establishments
Guide de l'environnement à l'usage des entreprises industrielles [in French]
The aim of this monograph is to provide information concerning the environment to managers of small and medium size factories. It covers topics such as: survey of relevant French legislation applicable to their enterprises; practical advice on environment-friendly operation of their enterprises, in particular to avoid environmental contamination (of the air and water, and with noise). Glossary.
Centre technique des industries mécaniques (CETIM), 52, avenue Félix-Louat, B.P. 67, 60304 Senlis Cedex, France, 1992. 92p. Illus. 35 ref.

CIS 94-1022 Leinster P., Mitchell E.
Commission of the European Communities
A review of indoor air quality and its impact on the health and well-being of office workers
A review of the literature concerning problems related to indoor air quality and other factors which affect the indoor environment in offices is presented. Topics covered: symptoms associated with problem buildings; psychological aspects; perceptions and sensory effects; common features of buildings with problems; scale of the problem; costs; evaluation criteria; building investigation protocols; airborne contaminants; physical factors; other considerations (odour, lighting, noise and vibration; ions, electrostatic charge); building design and services; activities within the European Communities and the USA.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1992. ix, 109p. Bibl.ref. Price: ECU 12.00.

CIS 94-229 Société française de médecine du travail - 25 January 1992 Meeting
Société française de médecine du travail - Séance du 25 janvier 1992 [in French]
Summary of papers presented at the 25 Jan. 1992 Meeting of the Société française de médecine du travail. Themes studied: acquired sensitivity to solvents; syndrome of acquired sensitivity to chemical odours; pleural plaques without associated asbestosis and respiratory function; epidemiologic survey of mortality in a lead foundry: methodology and results; Health Commission of the CINDEX (Centre inter-entreprise de l'expatriation) or how to ensure the safeness and comfort of travels and life abroad; prevention of AIDS risk among hospital workers.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1992, Vol.53, No.3, p.195-199.

CIS 93-1981 Olander L.
Laser printers and air contaminants. A review
This review, which is a translation of report Arbete och hälsa 1990:23 (CIS 91-998), considers the substances which may occur in emissions from laser printers. Such printers generate ozone and other air contaminants (corona discharges, toner particles, vapours from toner particles, paper dust). They also emit heat capable of affecting the room temperature. The amount of ozone generated varies with printer size and frequency of use and concentrations around threshold limit value could arise when a printer is used heavily in a room with inadequate ventilation. Health risks could develop in a room with poor ventilation and a large printer could pose a health hazard in rooms with good ventilation. Summary in Swedish.
Arbetsmiljöinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1992. 38p. Illus. 66 ref.

CIS 93-1991 Leslie G.B., Lunau F.W.
Indoor air pollution. Problems and priorities
Contents of this manual: introduction to indoor air pollution problems; the perception of indoor air quality; legionella; bacteria, fungi and other micro-organisms; the oxides of nitrogen; mineral fibres; radon; formaldehyde; hazards from solvents, pesticides and PCBs; vegetable dusts and lung disease; danders, etc. from domestic and laboratory animals; environmental tobacco smoke; industrial environments; extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation; contributions from outdoor pollutants; ventilation for control of airborne pollutants. Each chapter covers exposure levels, sources of pollution and routes of uptake, health effects, control measures and regulatory guidelines.
Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, United Kingdom, 1992. xi, 329p. Index. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 45.00; USD 84.95.

CIS 93-1570 Biava P.M., Audisio R., Centonze A., Barbieri A., Bisanti L., Duca G.
Cross-sectional study on the health status of traffic wardens exposed to urban air pollution
Indagine epidemiologica sulle condizioni di salute dei vigili urbani di Milano in rapporto all'inquinamento da traffico veicolare [in Italian]
An investigation on the health effects of occupational exposure to motor vehicle exhaust and environmental pollutants was carried out on traffic wardens in Milan (Italy). Randomised samples of 292 traffic wardens and 60 controls underwent a physical examination and laboratory tests. No significant difference was observed between the exposed and control groups as regards general morbidity, apart from musculo-skeletal disorders in females. The mean blood lead level (PbB) among traffic wardens was 15.2µg/dL compared with 11.7 in controls (p<0.01). The carboxyhaemoglobin concentration (COHb) in traffic wardens decreased from 2.8% (smokers) and 1.2% (non-smokers) at the beginning of the shift to 4.3% (smokers) and 2.5% (non-smokers) (p<0.01) at the end of the shift. PbB was significantly correlated (r=0.17) with Median Nerve Motor Conduction Velocity (NCV) and Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) (r=-0.24) in the exposed group. COHb was significantly correlated with HDL cholesterol (r=-0.20) in the exposed group. It is questionable whether very low PbB levels can affect NCV and SBP directly or rather whether PbB, as well as COHb, should be regarded as tracers of exposure to those urban pollutants leading also to cardiovascular and nervous disorders.
Medicina del lavoro, May-June 1992, Vol.83, No.3, p.249-258. 30 ref.

CIS 93-1628 Tucker W.G., Leaderer B.P., Molhave L., Cain W.S.
Sources of indoor contaminants - Characterizing emissions and health impacts
Proceedings of a conference held in New Haven (CT, USA), 22-24 October 1990. Papers include: lessons from field studies (personal and indoor exposures to environmental pollutants; sick building syndrome; risk assessment of acute health and comfort effects of indoor air pollution); chemical and physical characterisation (characterising material sources and sinks; combustion sources; modelling indoor concentrations and exposure; sampling and analytical issues; material and product evaluation); assessing irritation (sensory irritation and its relation to indoor air pollution; eye, nose and respiratory tract irritation); assessing odour and neurobehavioural responses.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 30 Apr. 1992, Vol.641, x, 327p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-1654 Rea W.J.
Chemical sensitivity. Volume 1
This first of four planned volumes provides a comprehensive discussion of chemical sensitivity from a clinical perspective and is the result of a study of more than 20,000 environmentally sensitive patients. Contents: introduction to the process of environmentally triggered disease; definition and principles of chemical sensitivity (total body load, adaptation, bipolarity, spreading phenomenon, switch phenomenon, biochemical individuality); nonimmune mechanisms; pollutant effects on the blood and reticuloendothelial system (lymphatic and immune system); nutritional status and pollutant overload. Glossary.
CRC Press, 22-24 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HJ, United Kingdom, 1992. xvii, 533p. Illus. 841 ref. Index. Price: GBP 59.50.

CIS 93-946
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Cadmium - Environmental aspects
This book evaluates the threat to ecosystems posed by contamination of the environment from natural and industrial sources of cadmium. Cadmium is readily accumulated by many organisms, particularly by microorganisms and molluscs. It is toxic to a wide range of microorganisms, the main effects being on growth and replication. Recommendations for protecting the environment include reduction of cadmium emissions from smelters, incinerators, sewage sludge applied to the land, phosphate fertilisers and cadmium-containing manure. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 156p. ca.360 ref. Price: CHF 19.00 (developing countries: CHF 13.30).

CIS 93-948 Brown R.H., Curtis M., Saunders K.J., Vandendriessche S.
Clean air at work: New trends in assessment and measurement for the 1990s
Proceedings of the International Conference on Clean Air at Work - New Trends in Assessment and Measurement for the 1990s held in Luxembourg, 9-13 September 1991. Papers are presented under the following headings: legal background and standards; measurement methodology (practical and changing needs, gases and vapours, aerosols); data and information management; indoor air; measurement quality; future needs. A summary report with conclusions and recommendations for further action is included.
Royal Society of Chemistry, Turpin Distribution Services Ltd., Blackhorse Road, Letchworth SG6 1HN, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom, 1992. xvi, 507p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 65.00.

CIS 93-614 Veerkamp W., ten Berge W.
Hazard assessment of chemical contaminants in soil - Revised Appendix 3
This revised Appendix 3 of ECETOC Technical Report No.40 describes the concept of HESP, a computer programme to estimate the exposure of human beings to contaminants in soil. Background information on the HESP model is presented along with descriptions of the equations used in the programme and the model parameters used in the calculations. The calculated results represent the greatest cumulative intakes for individuals living at a contaminated site or exposed to predicted environmental concentrations.
European Chemical Industry Ecology and Toxicology Centre, 250 Avenue Louise (Bte. 63), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, Apr. 1992. 50p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-576 Górski P., Tarkowski M.
Non specific environmental factors and asthma development
Environmental pollutants seem to be responsible for the dramatic increase in allergic disorders that have been observed lately. The best documented environmental factors facilitating allergy development are: ozone, diesel-exhaust particulate matter and tobacco smoke. Formaldehyde and SO₂ seem to be very important but still are not sufficiently documented. Mechanisms involved in allergy promotion include: better penetration of allergens across respiratory mucosa and direct modulation of immunological responses.
Polish Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1992, Vol.5, No.3, p.227-236. 95 ref.

CIS 93-519 LaDou J.
The export of hazardous industries to newly industrialized countries
The majority of investment in manufacturing industries in newly industrialised countries comes from foreign companies or investors. This vital source of new jobs and capital for the development of infrastructure brings with it some very significant long-term costs in environmental remediation and workers' compensation insurance that are seldom discussed with candour. These costs may be considered a necessary step on the road to industrialisation by many developing countries. But the long-term costs may be high enough to sustain the relative poverty of the country. Moreover, the absence of value added in the process of manufacturing may insure the continued economic dependence on foreign interests. The inadequacy of international environmental law is presently of concern to only a few important organisations, but the extent of environmental degradation in many newly industrialised countries warrant far more effort at regulation and enforcement. The high levels of worker fatalities and injuries in developing countries necessitate international cooperation and health and safety programme development.
Polish Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1992, Vol.5, No.3, p.223-226. 14 ref.

CIS 93-609 Estimating environmental concentrations of chemicals using fate and exposure models
This report provides details of the processes that determine the fate and exposure of chemicals in the environment, a discussion of selected models and their appropriate use and limitations, and guidance on quality assurance and validation of modelling. Models are categorised according to the media for which they are intended to be used (air, water, soil and multi-media models). The practical application of models is described and examples of models are given. It is concluded that such models can be powerful tools for evaluating the potential hazard of chemicals released in the environment. However, proper validation procedures should be developed to ensure the scientific quality of the models.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, 4 Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse (Bte. 6), 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Nov. 1992. 80p. ca. 150 ref.

CIS 93-330 James D.W.B.
Legionnaire's disease - Update
Legionnaire's Disease is described as being a disease contracted by inhalation of a fine spray of airborne water which carries the Legionella Bacterium. Infection appears to be caused by contaminated water sprays used in such equipment as air-conditioning plant, industrial sprays and showers and cooling towers. Recommendations for risk reduction are described for hot and cold water services, cooling towers and other water services and an approved code of practice on the prevention and control of Legionellosis is summarised.
Industrial Safety Data File, Oct. 1992, p.G:23:7:1-G:23:7:5.

CIS 93-264 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 93-262. It includes new or revised chapters on: abbreviations in international use; determination of certain substances; guidelines for work in contaminated areas from the Tiefbau Berufsgenossenschaft; the ISO compressed air standard; detector tube technique; technical rules for determining hydrocarbon vapours; relevant articles of the Maastricht Treaty; European Community directives on trade in chemicals and on product safety; organisation of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Justus-von-Liebig Strasse 1, D-W-8920 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 23. Ergänzungslieferung, Dec. 1992. 170p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-262 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 92-1288, and includes new or revised chapters on: criteria of the International Organisation for Legal Metrology; the German standard on the testing of detector-tube-based measuring equipment; the German Technical Rules on Dangerous Substances; a draft European Community (EC) guideline on explosion-proof equipment; existing and proposed EC regulations on the exchange of ecological information and on "ecology audits".
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Justus-von-Leibig-Str. 1, D-W-8920 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 22. Ergänzungslieferung, Aug. 1992. 230p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-128 Jöckel K.H., Ahrens W., Wichmann H.E., Becher H., Bolm-Audorff U., Jahn I., Molik B., Greiser E., Timm J.
Occupational and environmental hazards associated with lung cancer
In a hospital-based case control study in Germany, 194 lung cancer cases, 194 hospital controls, and 194 population controls were interviewed for smoking, occupational, and residential history. Case ascertainment took place in seven different hospitals. Lung cancer risk strongly increases with cumulative cigarette dose. For occupational risk, significantly increased risks were observed in the metal industry, particularly in smelter and foundry workers (odds ratio (OR) 4.8, 95% confidence limits (CL): 1.15, 20.16) and in turners, grinders, drillers, and cutters (OR 2.2, 95% CL: 1.05, 4.75). In the construction industry the risks were particularly high in road construction workers (OR 3.7, 95% CL: 1.06, 13.20) and in unskilled construction workers (OR 2.7, 95% CL: 1.24, 5.76). The risks in these occupational groups increased with duration and with latency. Quantification of air pollution was also done, on a district basis by time period.
International Journal of Epidemiology, Apr. 1992, Vol.21, No.2, p.202-213. 42 ref.

CIS 93-190 Frank U., Esposito C., Sullivan D.
Personnel protection through reconnaissance robotics at Superfund remedial sites
Investigation, mitigation, and clean-up of hazardous materials at US Superfund (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act) sites normally requires on-site workers to perform potentially dangerous functions. Workers conducting air monitoring risk dermal, ocular and inhalation exposure to hazardous chemicals, while those performing excavations also risk potential exposure to fire, explosion, and other physical injury. The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) current efforts to protect its workers include the use of robotic devices. The paper describes the demonstration of a commercially available robotic platform modified and equipped for air monitoring and the ongoing research for the development of a ground penetrating radar (GPR) system to detect buried chemical waste drums.
Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, Mar. 1992, Vol.42, No.3, p.341-345. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 92-1951 Dutkiewicz T., Rolecki R., Kończalik J., Świątczak J.
The impact of the chemical industry on the human environment
This article describes the emission of dust and gases into the atmosphere, and of liquid and solid wastes produced by the chemical industry into the environment in general. The impact of the chemical industry on the environment is analysed. Some hazardous agents occurring in the work environment and the resulting morbidity and sickness absenteeism rates among workers in the chemical industry are discussed.
Polish Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1992, Vol.5, No.1, p.13-26. Illus. 21 ref.

< previous | 1... 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 ...14 | next >