Vibration - 974 entries found

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1984

CIS 85-963 Reynolds D.D., Basel R., Wasserman D.E., Taylor W.
A study of hand vibration on chipping and grinding operators, Part III: Power levels into the hands of operators of pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations
The 3rd part of this field study presents a method for calculating power transmitted to the hands of workers using pneumatic hand-held chipping and grinding tools. Power, in the frequency range of 6.3 to 1000Hz, transmitted to the hands ranged from 1.08x10³ to 7.23x10³J/s for the chisel, from 8.52x10^-1 to 1.57x10²J/s for chipping hammers and from 6.58x10^-3 to 2.35x10^-3J/s for grinders.
Journal of Sound and Vibration, Aug. 1984, Vol.95, No.4, p.515-524. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 85-961 Reynolds D.D., Basel R., Wasserman D.E., Taylor W.
A study of hand vibration on chipping and grinding operators, Part I: Vibration acceleration levels measured on pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations
This 1st of a 3-part study describes the acceleration measurements and data analysis aspects of a field study of 415 workers using hand-held pneumatic tools. For a frequency range of 6.3 to 1000Hz, overall acceleration levels between 2,000 and 24,000m/s² were measured on the chisels and levels between 37 and 350m/s² were measured on the handles of chipping hammers. Hand grinder acceleration levels ranged from 6 to 21m/s².
Journal of Sound and Vibration, 22 Aug. 1984, Vol.95, No.4, p.479-497. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 85-957 Brammer A.J
Exposure of the hand to vibration in industry
Evaluation of the consequences of repeated exposure of the hand and arms to vibration. Aspects covered: signs, symptoms and pathophysiology of common disorders; dose-response relationships; vibration threshold and tolerable exposures.
National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6, 1984. 63p. Illus. 68 ref. Price: Can$5.00.

CIS 85-665 Schäfer N., Dupuis H., Hartung E.
Percussive vibrations and their acute effects on the hand-arm system
Stosshaltige Schwingungen und ihre akuten Auswirkungen auf das Hand-Arm-System [in German]
A study of vibrations of equal intensity but different sharpness of impact, for example, those produced by electric grinders, pneumatic chip hammers and pneumatic nail drivers. The effect of these vibrations is analysed in terms of the biomechanical behaviour of the hand-arm system, muscle reactions, fingertip temperature and subjective sensations. Experience on 10 volunteers failed to show any percussion-related effects. Thus, evaluation of vibration according to directive VDI 2057 is valid without introduction of a correction factor for the quality of the vibration.
Die BG, 1984, No.11, p.690-693. Illus.

CIS 85-662 Köckritz S., Barbier M.
Use of noise dosimeters as integrating vibration meters
Einsatz von Lärmdosimetern als Integrator für Schwingungsmessungen [in German]
As there are few integrating vibration meters available, a noise dosimeter and a vibration meter, both commercially available in the German Democratic Republic, can be coupled through a capacitor and a variable resistor. The vibration dose indicated by the dosimeter can be converted to acceleration and gives integrated values for vibrations which vary with time. Schematic diagrams show how to connect the 2 meters. Technical specifications of the system are given.
Arbeitshygienische Information - Bauwesen, 1984, Vol.20, No.7, p.173-177. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 85-824 Une H., Esaki H., Horikawa S., Kondo S., Nakamura M., Goto M.
Pneumoconiosis and vibration syndrome among migrant workers in Kochi prefecture
73 persons who had worked on constructing tunnels were interviewed with regard to history of migration, work situations and health conditions. 30 workers were examined for pneumoconiosis and vibration syndrome. The geographical distribution of the areas from which these workers had migrated was also analysed by using the statistical data of Kochi prefecture in 1965. Many of the migrant workers came from the villages along the Shikoku Mountains. Their working conditions in the tunnels had been poor, and measures for prevention of pneumoconiosis, such as the wearing of a dust respirator and wet drilling, were poorly carried out. Vibrating tools were also used for long periods of time. Of the 73 workers, 40 received compensation as a result of diagnoses of pneumoconiosis or vibration syndrome. In 23 examinees, silicosis was detected by chest x-ray examination. Examinees also had subjective symptoms and/or objective findings of vibration syndrome.
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine, Jan. 1984, Vol.32, No.5, p.969-977. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 85-360 Starck J.
High impulse acceleration levels in hand-held vibratory tools: An additional factor in the hazards associated with the hand-arm vibration syndrome
The measurement of the root-mean-square (rms) acceleration of vibration does not take into consideration the short high-peak values of the vibratory signal which may contribute to vibration-induced disease. A method for evaluating the impulse character of vibratory signals is given, and impulsiveness is defined as the difference between the peak and rms signals. Measurements were taken during pedestal grinding, during chain sawing with 3 different generations of saws and during chiselling with a pneumatic hammer. Analysis of these measurements using the ISO draft standard and an evaluation of impulsiveness provided additional data and partly explained the observed symptoms of vibration-induced white fingers.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, June 1984, Vol. 10, No.3, p.171-178. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 85-352 Taylor B.A.
Contranoise - active noise control
Active noise control (ANC) is based on the active attenuation of a noise field by the generation and injection of an additional noise field which is everywhere in anti-phase and at the same power level, thereby cancelling the original noise. Two main approaches to this technique are described, with their advantages and limitations. The 1st method processes the original sound to generate a "contranoise". The other method is based on synchronised, synthesised ANC cancellation.Research projects in this field are considering the application of the ANC principles to exhaust systems of standby diesel generators and vibration-related problems.
Noise and Vibration Control Worldwide, Nov. 1984, Vol.15, No.9, p.256-259. Illus.

CIS 85-63 Habenstreit H.
Airborne and structure-borne noise emitted by gear transmissions
Luft- und Körperschall bei Zahnradgetrieben [in German]
To reduce noise, it is essential to calculate precisely the spectrum and power of the sound produced before machinery is designed. Part 1 of this article examines the basis for these calculations, the theory of how gear-transmission noise is produced, the acoustic principles involved, the characteristic noise levels and the measurement of airborne noise (particularly, by applying the coherence method). Part 2 deals with the possibilities of noise reduction during the design phase, especially by reducing the meshing noise. A modal analysis is given of the gearbox for a further reduction in noise levels.
Schweizerische technische Zeitschrift, 1984, No.20, p.18-23, and No.21, p.16-21. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 85-61 Le Borgne D.
Vibration at work
Les vibrations au travail [in French]
Contents of this manual: status (jobs involved, number of exposed workers, statistics); health problems (hand/arm and whole-body vibration); the environment (nature of vibrations, measuring instruments, standards); technical aspects (elimination or reduction of vibrations); appendices (examples of questionnaires for field surveys, standards).
Institut de recherche appliquée sur le travail (IRAT), 1290, Rue St. Denis, suite 800, Montréal, Québec H2X 3J7, Canada, 1984. 80p. Illus. 98 ref. Price: Can.$4.00.

CIS 84-1870 Meister A., Bräuer D., Kurerov N.N., Metz A.M., Mucke R., Rothe R., Seidel H., Starozuk I.A., Suvorov G.A.
Evaluation of responses to broad-band whole-body vibration
6 seated male subjects were exposed to sinusoidal and octave-band wide vibration in the z axis at 2, 4, 8 and 16 Hz, according to the frequency weighting of ISO 2631 (ISO 1978 a). Response to whole-body vibration was the most pronounced at 4Hz, and the patterns of myoelectric and biomechanical reactions depended on both anatomical and exposure conditions. The superiority of the validated weighting procedure suggests lower limits for broad-band vibration than those recommended at present.
Ergonomics, Sept. 1984, Vol.27, No.9, p.959-980. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 84-1864 Tóth T.
Vibration frequency or vibration acceleration?
Rezgéssebesség vagy rezgésgyorsulás [in Hungarian]
Standards on mechanical vibrations define their terms either in vibration frequency (Hz) or in vibration acceleration (Hz/s). This article gives the mathematical equivalences between the 2 systems of measurement, and gives examples from actual standards.
Munkavédelem, munka- és üzemegészségügy, 1984, Vol.30, No.1-3, p.237-240. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 84-1863 Castelo Branco N.A.A., Entrudo A., Manaças J.E., Martino Pimenta A.J.F., Marvão J., Santinho Martins A.
Symptomatic epilepsy of vascular aetiology - a manifestation of vibration disease? A case study
Epilepsia sintomática de etiologia vascular, manifestação da síndrome das vibrações? A propósito de um caso clínico [in Portuguese]
Description of a case of vascular epilepsy in a worker involved in the testing of helicopters tethered to test stands; the worker was subjected to strong whole-body vibration. Ten other workers in the same occupation were found to have cochleovestibular lesions, and two of them had convulsions of unknown cause.
Revista portuguesa de medicina militar, 1984, Vol.32, No.1, p.5-9. 19 ref.

CIS 84-1861 Helmkamp J.C., Talbott E.O., Marsh G.M.
Whole body vibration - A critical review
Review of the existing U.S. literature and summary of the known health effects. Aspects included: experimental and epidemiologic studies; bus and truck drivers; heavy construction equipment operators; coal and sand miners; driving and back disorders.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1984, Vol.45, No.3, p.162-167. 18 ref.

CIS 84-1564 Baumgartner S., Krueger H.
Physiological effects of needle scalers on the hand-arm system
Physiologische Wirkungen von Nadelpistolen auf das Hand-Arm-System [in German]
Report on the physiological and neurological effects of 4 pneumatic scalers (of different designs) used for cleaning metal surfaces. Clinical results were supplemented with subjective evaluations. In the absence of recognised values as indicators of the harmful effects of vibration, interpretation was based on a comparison of the characteristics of the different devices. The scaler equipped with a shock absorber reduced the effect of vibration. Thermally insulating gloves can be worn for their absorbing properties.
SPM - Sozial- und Präventivmedizin - Social and Preventive Medicine - Médecine sociale et préventive, 1984, Vol.29, No.4-5, p.194-195. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 84-1501 Cocheo V., Valsecchi M., Peretti A., Coato F.
Fork lift trucks. Chemical pollution, noise, vibration
Chariots de manutention. Pollution chimique, bruit, vibrations [in French]
Report of a study on a selection of diesel and electric fork lift trucks, simulating current industrial practice. Description of the premises and tests; methods and test equipment; pollutants tested for (NO_x, carbon monoxide, aldehydes, total fumes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Results: 1.Diesel trucks produce significant pollution; for an enclosed, non-ventilated area (1000m³) the maximum allowable concentrations of oxides of carbon and of total fumes were reached in less than an hour. 2. Diesel trucks are much more noisy than electric ones, with noise levels at low frequencies exceeding the NR 85 (ISO) curve. 3. For both types of truck, and depending on the type of tyres used, vibration levels can exceed permitted levels.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1984, No.115, Note No.1474-115-84, p.159-168. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 84-1251 Steinhauser P., Steinhauser S.
Investigation of the effects of vibration on the drivers of quarry vehicles
Untersuchung der Erschütterungseinwirkung auf die Fahrer von Steinbruchfahrzeugen [in German]
Vibration was measured in several vehicles (bucket loader, wheeled loader, crawler dozer, crawler, excavator) and compared with the limit values prescribed by various standards for the prevention of fatigue. The limit values were frequently exceeded; vibration levels depended to a large extent on the speed of the vehicles. Drivers regulated their speed to keep vibration at tolerable levels. Limit values should be set at more realistic levels.
ÖIAZ, 1984, Vol.129, No.3, p.95-101. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 84-666 Van den Bossche J., Lahaye D.
X ray anomalies occurring in workers exposed to vibration caused by light tools
A group of 342 workers regularly using light-weight vibrating tools (pneumatic screwdrivers and nutrunners) and a control group of 401 workers without exposure to vibration had an x-ray wrist examination. The exposed group had a very high incidence of radiological anomalies (vacuoles 0.71/hand, cysts 0.26/hand, enostoses 0.28/hand); the corresponding numbers among the unexposed workers were 0.12, 0.08, 0.04. The high risk of hand lesions due to vibration supports the setting-up of preventive measures.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1984, Vol.41, No.1, p.137.141. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 84-663 Martin B.J., Roll J.P., Gauthier G.M.
Spinal reflex alterations as a function of intensity and frequency of vibration applied to the feet of seated subjects
A study of the effect on spinal reflexes (H-reflex amplitude modification) in sitting people of vibrations such as those present in road vehicles and helicopters. Reflex amplitude decreased significantly in the 10-30Hz vibration range. This depressive effect continued for vibrations of up to 60Hz in the case of steady-state vibrations, but in the case of constant acceleration the depressive effect was reduced above 30Hz. Thus, reduction in the reflex response is mainly a function of vibration amplitude.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1984, Vol.55, No.1, p.8-12. Illus. 37 ref.

CIS 84-356 Bitsch J., Roure L., Jacques J., Poirot R.
Pneumatic rammers with an "extension handle" - Study of vibration and noise reduction
Fouloirs pneumatiques à "manche allongé" - Etude de la réduction des vibrations et du bruit [in French]
A pneumatic rammer with acceptable vibration and noise levels was developed. This rammer would reduce the osteoarticular problems and hearing discomfort associated with such machines generally, without reducing its flexibility and compacting power. The prototype functioned with vibration levels of less than 15m/s² and noise levels below 85dB(A).
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 1st quarter 1984, No.114, Note No.1465-114-84, p.35-45. Illus. 16 ref.

1983

CIS 88-1337 Lundström R., Lindmark A.
Local vibrations - Mechanical properties of the skin of the palm of the hand
Lokala vibrationer - Hudens mekaniska egenskaper på handens insida [in Swedish]
This report analyses the mechanical point impedance on 10 different areas of the glabrous skin of the hand. Probe area, static load and vibration levels were studied. The impedance decreased with increasing frequency down to a minimum value, corresponding to the natural frequency of the skin. Henceforth, the mechanical impedance was directly proportional to the frequency. The impedance proved to be non-linear as regards vibration levels. Many hand-held tools used in industry have their maximum vibration levels within the natural frequency range of the skin and a risk of adverse effects on peripheral nerves and blood vessels cannot be excluded.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 27p. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 88-636 Warring R.H.
Handbook of noise and vibration control
This handbook contains up-to-day technical data and useful information of particular interest to machine designers, architects, public health and municipal authorities, factory managers, and others concerned with reducing noise and vibration. Contents: propagation of sound, noise and vibration measurement, hearing damage risk criteria, hearing protective devices, noise measuring techniques, environmental noise monitoring, vibration testing, fan noise, factory noise, road traffic noise, aircraft and airport noise, noise in commercial buildings, noise in domestic buildings, noise in ships, sound insulation and absorption, acoustic materials and enclosures, vibration isolation, anti-vibration mounts, audiometry, legislation in the United Kingdom and the European Communities.
Trade and Technical Press Ltd., Crown House, Morden, Surrey SM4 5EW, United Kingdom, 1983, 5th ed. 498p. Illus. Index.

CIS 87-1169
Magyar Szabványügyi Hivatal
Permissible levels of whole-body vibration in the workplace [Hungary]
Az egész emberi testre ható munkahelyi rezgések megengedett értékei [in Hungarian]
This standard (effective: 1 Oct. 1983) apples to whole-body vibration in the frequency range of 0.8-80Hz. Workers in rail, water and air transportation are excluded from its application.
Szabványbolt, Budapest, Pf.162. 1431, Hungary, 1983. 13p. Illus. 5 ref. Price: For.26.00.

CIS 86-59 Wells A.M., Giampaoli E., Zidan L.N.
Physical hazards
Riscos físicos [in Portuguese]
This textbook covers the basics of the measurement, hazards and control of: noise and vibrations (including ultrasound and medical uses); extreme temperatures; electromagnetic radiations (ionising and non-ionising radiation and visible light); abnormal pressures (including Brazilian legislation).
Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente, 710 - CEP 05409 - São Paulo (SP), Brazil, 1983. 112p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 85-1575 Nohara S.
The influence of the various frequencies in local vibration exposure on peripheral circulatory and nervous functions
The measurements of the finger blood flow and the peripheral nerve conduction velocity were useful to distinguish workers with Raynaud's phenomenon from those without it. The responses to various vibration frequencies (30, 60, 120, 240, 480 and 960Hz) under constant acceleration (50m/sec²) were examined in both animals and humans. The physiological responses to local vibration depended on the vibration frequency. The peripheral nervous system was affected by low frequencies (30/120Hz), whereas the peripheral circulatory system was influenced not only by low frequencies but also by high frequencies, such as 240 and 480Hz. The results in humans were consistent with those in animals.
Journal of the Juzen Medical Society, Dec. 1983, Vol.92, No.6, p.953-966. Illus. 57 ref.

CIS 85-1132 Gol'dman Ė.I., Dmitriev E.A., Suhačeva A.B.
Rheostat-brake testing of diesel locomotives and its hygienic assessment
Reostatnye ispytanija teplovozov i ih gigieničeskaja ocenka [in Russian]
Rheostat brake testing involves running the diesel engine of a stationary locomotive under load; the tests are generally conducted in the open air at depots and repair shops. Persons conducting the tests are exposed to extremes of heat and cold, with sharp temperature drops, toxic substances from exhaust gases, noise and vibration. Workers could be protected from these harmful agents by placing the necessary controls and instruments in insulated, temperature-controlled cabins, so that testing could be performed by remote control. Both workers and the environment would be protected from exhaust gases if the locomotives were fitted with the same emission controls used on industrial diesel engines.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Aug. 1983, No.8, p.27-31. 4 ref.

CIS 85-965
Ministerium für Gesundheitswesen)
Effects of mechanical vibration on man - Permissible levels [German Democratic Republic]
Einwirkung mechanischer Schwingungen auf den Menschen - Grenzwerte [in German]
Part 1 of this standard lays down permissible levels for whole-body vibration in the frequency range of 1-80Hz. The 4 limit categories specify the effects on the body and provide examples of activities and workstations concerned. Tables and diagrams give further information on permissible levels as a function of the effective direction and of the length of exposure. Part 2 specifies permissible levels for vibration affecting certain parts of the body in the frequency range of 5.6-1400Hz as a function of length of daily exposure (5.0m/S² for 8h; 34.6m/s¹ for 10min = maximum value). Recommendations for the maximum force levels that can be applied and measures to prevent circulatory problems.
Verlag für Standardisierung, Standardversand, Postfach 1068, 7010 Leipzig, German Democratic Republic, 1983. 3+2p. Illus.

CIS 85-964
Ministerium für Gesundheitswesen)
Effects of mechanical vibration on man - Measurement and evaluation [German Democratic Republic]
Einwirkung mechanischer Schwingungen auf den Menschen - Messung und Bewertung [in German]
This standard deals with the following aspects of vibration: parameters to be measured, measuring instruments, place of measurement, placement of acceleration-measuring instruments on a person, measuring procedures, analysis of results, evaluation of results, reporting.
Verlag für Standardisierung, Standardversand, Postfach 1068, 7010 Leipzig, German Democratic Republic, May 1983. 4p.

CIS 85-959 Lysjanyj G.N., Bondarčuk G.A., Kurtov V.D.
Protection from noise and vibration in oil and gas well drilling
Zaščita ot šuma i vibracij pri burenii neftjanyh i gazovyh skvažin [in Russian]
To reduce total vibration levels to permissible values, it is proposed to mount motors and pumps on wooden platforms which rest on rubber cylinders cut from worn-out separators from the compensators of drilling pumps. To reduce heat loss from workers' hands, which is a predisposing factor of vibration disease, it is recommended to fit the handles of the drilling winch with wooden covers. The direction of prevailing winds should be kept in mind when laying out drilling sites, so that the quarters of the drilling crew will be placed up-wind from the hole. Proper siting of diesel equipment, and the use of adequate mufflers, can permit the distance between the borehole and workers' quarters to be reduced while maintaining acceptable noise levels in the quarters.
Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, Aug. 1983, No.8, p.42-43.

CIS 85-669 Inter-noise 83. Noise control: the international scene
The >300 papers presented at this annual international conference on noise control engineering (13-15 July 1983, Edinburgh, United Kingdom) are reproduced in 2 volumes under the section headings: general; emission (noise sources); physical phenomena; noise control elements; generation, transmission, isolation and reduction of vibration; immission (physical aspects of environmental noise); immission (effects of noise; analysis; requirements for noise control).
Institute of Acoustics, 25 Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH1 1HU, United Kingdom, 1983, Vol.1, p.1-552, Vol.2, p.553-1243. Illus. Bibl. Price (set of two volumes): £48.00.

CIS 85-664 Mojkin Ju.V., Govorkov A.V., Krjukova D.N., Kudrjavcev I.G., Poberežskaja A.S.
Development of fatigue during muscular work with exposure to local vibration
Izučenie razvitija utomlenija pri myšečnoj rabote v uslovijah vozdejstvija lokal'noj vibracii [in Russian]
Laboratory experiments with special testing devices showed that local vibration in the 32Hz octave band at the maximum allowable level accelerated fatigue when muscles were exercised at 75% of their maximum strength, and retarded recovery of strength. At lower levels of exertion, the vibration had no effect. When the intensity of the 32Hz vibration was raised to twice the maximum permissible level, accelerated fatigue was observed at all levels of exercise. 125Hz vibration had no effect at either intensity level.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Nov. 1983, No.11, p.9-13. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 85-832 Yamazaki H., Miyanaga Y., Hirahata H.
A study of the changes in the elbow joint of workers at rolling stock workshops
Among workers operating vibrating machines for the Japanese National Railways, changes in the elbow of rolling stock workshop personnel were greater with respect to the area affected and the degree and frequency of change than those of the track maintenance group, comparing the 2 groups on the same time scale. The changes were attributable to the excessive load on the elbow produced by operating vibrating machines and by handling various tools. Therefore, it is necessary to make objective assessment of the changes by measuring the load on the elbow, distinguishing between qualitative and quantitative factors.
Journal of Transportation Medicine, 20 Sep. 1983, Vol.37, No.5, p.305-313. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 85-656 Alieva R.H.
Hygienic assessment of noise and vibration in the mineral oil industry
Gigieničeskaja ocenka šuma i vibracii v neftjanoj promyšlennosti [in Russian]
Oil drilling crews are exposed simultaneously to high noise levels, vibration and hydrocarbon vapours. The highest levels (110-113dB(A) in the mean frequency range of 1000-4000Hz) were measured at the mud pump; 93dB(A) was measured at the central control panel and in the compressor plant. Diesel-powered drill equipment radiated higher noise levels (1-23dB(A) above the permissible level) than electrically driven equipment (95dB(A). The highest vibration energy levels (101dB at 16Hz and 120dB at 31.5Hz) were found at the power station and the mud pump, respectively. The medical examination of the exposed workers revealed cardiovascular disorders, nerve lesions and noise-induced occupational hearing loss.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, June 1983, No.6, p.21-24. 4 ref.

CIS 85-358 Kočetov O.S.
Anti-vibration seat
Vibroizolirujuščee siden'e [in Russian]
Description and diagram of a driver's seat. The seat rests on a corrugated tube of rubberised fabric and is held in place by jointed arms. The rubberised fabric tube is vented through two openings into a damping chamber beneath the floor of the vehicle. The two openings face each other, and differ in their air flow rates by a factor of 0.5. This arrangement makes the damping coefficient of the seat suspension increase with increasing floor vibration frequency.
Promyšlennyj transport, 1983, No.6, p.18. Illus.

CIS 85-355 Maksimova E.L., Nedomerkov Ju.N.
Biodynamic properties of the human body in response to low-frequency whole-body vibration
Issledovanie biodinamičeskih svojstv tela čeloveka pri obščej nizkočastotnoj vibracii [in Russian]
To refine the definition of the boundary of the first resonance band of the human body while taking into account individual differences in the natural frequency of the body, and to distinguish the effects of random and sinusoidal vibration, 10 healthy volunteers were subjected to sinusoidal and random vibration at accelerations of 10, 20, 30 and 40cm/s². The frequencies of the sinusoidal vibrations were 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9Hz, and the random vibrations fell in the 1/3-octave bands centred on 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8Hz. Whole-body resonance phenomena were seen over the whole frequency range, whereas the head resonated at the specific frequencies of 4 and 6Hz. Resonance phenomena were more marked when stimulated by sinusoidal vibration than when stimulated by random vibration. The effects of random vibration increased with increasing acceleration.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Mar. 1983, No.3, p.43-44.

CIS 85-354 Alekseev S.V., Svidovyj V.I., Veličko L.N.
Effect of low-frequency acoustic vibration on the phospholipid contents of animal whole blood and tissues
Vlijanie nizkočastotnyh akustičeskih kolebanij na fosfolipidnyj sostav cel'noj krovi i nekotoryh tkanej životnyh [in Russian]
Vibration at a frequency of 4-8Hz and an amplitude of 90-140dB had no effect on the phospholipids of rat whole blood or liver when the animals were exposed for 3h-40days. Prolonged exposure (40 days) to 4Hz vibration at 140dB increased the proportion of phosphatidylcholine and decreased the proportions of phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acids and polyglycerolphosphate in their brains.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Mar. 1983, No.3, p.39-41. 11 ref.

CIS 85-353 Tartakovskaja L.Ja.
Combined effect of vibration and toxic substances
Sočetannoe dejstvie vibracii i toksičeskih veščestv [in Russian]
Drillers in mercury, lead and arsenic mines showed a higher incidence of vibration disease and other lesions typical of mercury, lead and arsenic poisoning (polyneuritic lesions, decreased sensitivity to pain of the upper and lower extremities, decreased muscular strength and static endurance of hands, vegetative and sensory polyneuritis) than other drillers. In laboratory experiments, simultaneous exposure of animals to vibration (31.5 and 63Hz) and chemical substances (manganese oxides, mercury vapours, lead sulfide, arsenopyrite) produced the same lesions found in drillers. Thus, vibration reinforces the toxic effect of heavy metals, while the metals inhibit adaptation to vibration, accelerating and aggravating the development of vibration disease.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Mar. 1983, No.3, p.11-14. 15 ref.

CIS 84-1876 Miyashita K.
Study of the development of symptoms and on the relationship among symptoms according to the total chain saw operating time
266 chain-saw operators were classified into 4 groups according to total operating time (<2,000, 2,000-5,000h, 5,000-8,000h, >8,000h); 46 healthy subjects with brief employment in brush clearing formed the control group. Subjective symptoms and clinical findings were given numerical ratings in 4 symptom categories: circulatory disturbances, sensory disturbances, muscle and joint damage, and general symptoms such as autonomic nervous disturbances. Mean scores were compared with operating time, and relations among symptoms were investigated by cluster analysis. There was a clear dose-response relation between operating time and symptoms, with scores in all 4 categories increasing with operating time. Circulatory and sensory disturbances were closely correlated, as were sensory disorders and muscle and joint damage.
Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, Nov. 1983, Vol.25, No.6, p.483-492. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 84-1873 Futatsuka M., Pyykkö I., Färkkilä M., Korhonen O., Starck J.P.
Blood pressure, flow, and peripheral resistance of digital arteries in vibration syndrome
Report on a study of 19 lumberjacks (7 of whom had vibration induced white finger - VWF) and of 12 controls, exploring the possible circulatory reasons for the VWF syndrome. Digital circulation of blood was measured in all subjects at rest, during vasodilation produced by heating the environment and by the administration of alcohol, and during vasoconstriction produced by cooling the environment. No significant differences were found between lumberjacks with VWF and others during rest and vasodilation measurements. During vasoconstriction, digital blood flow was significantly more reduced, as was digital blood pressure, in lumberjacks with VWF. It is suggested that VWF is produced by the highly sensitive responsiveness of blood vessels affected by vibration to normal vasoconstrictor stimuli.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1983, Vol.40, No.4, p.434-441. Illus. 41 ref.

CIS 84-1872 Starck J., Färkkilä M., Aatola S., Pyykkö I., Korhonen O.
Vibration syndrome and vibration in pedestal grinding
After the introduction of a new type of pedestal grinding machine in a Finnish foundry, all 12 operators developed vibration-induced white finger (VWF) symptoms with an average latency period of 10.3 months. The vibration levels of the new wheels, rotating at the same speed as the old wheels, were up to 12dB higher than those of the old wheels. The vibration levels of light (0.5kg) castings were up to 25dB higher than those of heavy (5kg) castings. It is suggested that the differences in vibration levels were not sufficient in explaining the outbreak of VWF, and some other feature (such as the impulse character of the vibration) also contributed to the VWF symptoms.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1983, Vol.40, No.4, p.426-433. Illus. 32 ref.

CIS 84-1867 Kjellberg A., Wikström B.O., Dimberg U.
Effect of exposure time on the acute effects of whole-body vibration. I. Review of research. II. Empirical study of subjective effects
Exponeringstidens betydelse för de akuta effekterna av helkroppsvibrationer. I. En forskningsöversikt. II. En empirisk prövning med avseende på subjektiva besvär [in Swedish]
A literature review showed that there is no clear evidence for effects of exposure time, although a few studies have shown effects on biomechanical parameters, electromyograms and auditory evoked potentials. In experiments addressing some of the methodological problems arising in these studies, the subjects' task was to adjust a broadband noise to a level giving the same degree of discomfort as a vibration. The development of discomfort was first measured during 16min of exposure to a random vertical vibration with a 6.3Hz resonance. The exposure time was then prolonged to 64min, and a 3.1Hz vibration and a control condition were added. The sound level settings increased as a function of exposure time. Control measurements showed that this could not be explained by a lowered sensitivity to the noise. The increase was a logarithmic function of exposure time. Results for shorter periods could be extrapolated up to 1h. The method probably underestimates the increase; the increase is overestimated by method ISO 2631.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 56p. Illus. 59 ref.

CIS 84-1257 Solecki L.
Evaluating the health effects of mechanical vibration with respect to driving high-powered agricultural tractors
Ocena higieniczna wibracji mechanicznej na stanowisku kierowcy ciągnika rolniczego dużej mocy [in Polish]
As with other vehicles, the whole-body vibration experienced by the driver of a high-powered agricultural tractor depends on the surface over which the tractor moves, the speed of the tractor and the work that it is doing. In the 120HP tractor studied, the highest accelerations measured at the driver's seat were in the low frequency range (1-4Hz), with a maximum in the 2.5-Hz band. The strongest vibration was lateral, in the horizontal plane. Vertical vibration at the driver's seat was below the ISO maximum allowable level, which showed the effectiveness of the seat's antivibration mounting. Lateral vibration exceeded the ISO standard values at low frequencies. Vibration at the steering wheel was within acceptable limits. The problem of lateral vibration can be dealt with by improved seat design.
Bezpieczeństwo pracy, Sep. 1983, No.9, p.14-17. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 84-1252 Bartels P., Dupuis H., Jenik P., Tronich G.
Noise and vibration reduction on fork-lift trucks
Verminderung von Lärm und Vibrationen von Gabelstaplern [in German]
The development of a prototype fork-lift truck is described. The results of noise and vibration measurements on current trucks are reported and the various phases in development of the prototype are described. Noise levels were reduced to below 80dBA, and vibration by 50-65%.
Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe, 7514 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 2, Federal Republic of Germany, Mar. 1983. 136p. 74 ref. Price: DM.28.50.

CIS 84-1247 Kaneda K.
Vibration theory and isolation mechanisms of portable vibrating tools
Given the influence of mechanical impedance (hand pressure and handle grip) on the vibration of portable vibrating tools, the effect of vibration isolators should be measured under constant mechanical impedance. The relation of theory to practice is illustrated by various types of vibration isolation mechanisms for rotary- and piston-engine tools. A new chain saw driven by a 2-cylinder engine shows a vibration level low enough to promise a real reduction in vibration disease.
Journal of Industrial Hygiene of Japan - Rōdō eisei kōgaku, July 1983, No.22, p.20-25. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 84-1244 Miwa T.
Vibration measurement
The main part of this paper discusses purpose of measurement, characteristics of vibration, units of vibration quantities, amplifiers, configuration of vibration level meter, vibration exposure meter, calibration of vibration pickup and frequency analysis. An appendix presents the text of recommendations on these points issued by the Labour Standards Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Labour to local Labour Standards Bureaux.
Journal of Industrial Hygiene of Japan - Rōdō eisei kōgaku, July 1983, No.22, p.1-11. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 84-1241 Inaga H.
Research and development of a low-vibration and low-noise chain saw
Through the project 'Development and Improvement of Forestry Machinery', the Forestry Agency of Japan requested the development of a low-vibration and low-noise chain saw. To optimise the balance of the engine used as the prime mover, a horizontally opposed twin-cylinder two-stroke gasoline engine of the simultaneous ignition type was chosen. Vibration with this engine was much lower than with the conventional chain saw driven by a single-cylinder engine, and noise was also much lower. A new commercial saw which was developed on the basis of these tests was highly rated for its usefulness in a national forest.
Journal of Industrial Hygiene of Japan - Rōdō eisei kōgaku, July 1983, No.22, p.36-50. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 84-1130 Gross D.R., Moreau P.M., Jabor M., Welch D.W., Fife W.P.
Hemodynamic effects of dextran 40 on hemorrhagic shock during hyperbaria and hyperbaric hyperoxia
6 dogs were studied under normobaric conditions breathing air, at 2.8ata breathing 100% oxygen, and at 6ata breathing air. Mean aortic pressure was maintained at 40-50mm Hg for 30min, and enough dextran 40 was infused to stabilise aortic pressure to within 90% of its original value. More than twice the amount of dextran 40 was required at depth than at normobaric pressures. There were no differences in the cardiovascular effects of haemorrhage among the 3 groups of conditions.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, May 1983, Vol.54, No.5, p.413-419. Illus. 29 ref.

CIS 84-958 Lundström R., Lindmark A.
Sensitivity to vibration among nursing personnel using ultrasound equipment
Känsligheten för vibrationer bland sjukvårdspersonal vilka arbetat med ultraljudterapiapparatur [in Swedish]
9 nurses exposed to high-frequency vibration (approx. 1MHz) while providing ultrasound therapy to patients, as well as matched controls, were tested with respect to their permanent vibration-perception threshold. Ultrasound in the frequency range of 5-400Hz was applied to 3 separate points on their left and right hands, respectively. Sensitivity to vibrations was reduced in the hands of workers exposed to ultrasound.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 21p. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 84-955 Lundström R., Lindmark A.
Vibration sensitivity among dentists exposed to local high-frequency vibration
Känsligheten för vibrationer bland tandläkere exponerade för lokala vibrationer med höga frekvenser [in Swedish]
10 dentists and 10 controls were studied as regards vibration perception thresholds (PT) and the temporary threshold shift (TTS) which normally appears after a short vibration exposure. PT was studied within the frequency range of 40-400Hz and TTS for 100 and 250Hz. For both tested groups perception between left and right hand was compared. All dentists and all controls, except one, were right-handed. The dentists had been exposed to local vibration with high frequencies (>1000Hz) from ultra-highspeed drills. For the dentists, a reduction of vibration perception could be shown for the vibration-exposed hand. For controls no differences in vibration perception between hands could be shown.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 29p. 17 ref.

CIS 84-949 Vibration transmitted to the hands
Handöverförda vibrationer [in Swedish]
Proceedings of a seminar held in Göteborg (Sweden), 7 Dec. 1982. Contributions on: measurement methods and instruments (test rig for the determination of the vibratory characteristics of hand-held machinery; measurements of vibrating tools; choice of measuring sensor); regulations and standards; technical means of reducing vibration (a system of vibration damping in tools; anti-vibratory handles; calculation and optimisation methods; mechanical impedance of the skin); medical problems (diagnosis of health problems due to vibration; the effect of high-frequency vibration on touch sensitivity; consequences to the autonomic nervous system; experimental models for the study of neurological and vascular damage due to vibration; the incidence of circulatory problems in the hands and fingers). Research projects in progress in Sweden are listed.
Arbetarskyddsfonden, Box 1122, 111 81 Stockholm, Sweden, June 1983. 211p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 84-948 Whole-body vibration
Helkroppsvibrationer [in Swedish]
Proceedings of a seminar held in Stockholm (Sweden), 2 June 1983. Contributions and accompanying discussions on: the present state of research on whole-body vibration (WBV); effect of WBV on the spinal column; health hazards to harvester-thresher operators; spinal column stress of truckdrivers in a harbour; WBV exposure on board an icebreaker; acute symptoms due to long-term exposure to WBV; criteria for the evaluation of the effects of short-term vibrations; perceptual-motor performance of drivers exposed to WBV; WBV on earthmoving equipment; technical and economic factors contributing to WBV exposure of logging machine operators; the viewpoint of a vehicle manufacturer; elastic anti-vibration suspension of a logging-machine cabin.
Arbetarskyddsfonden, Box 1122, 111 81 Stockholm, Sweden, Dec. 1983. 181p. Illus. 53 ref.

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