Occupational exposure limits - 3,466 entries found

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2003

CIS 05-672 Jost M., Pletscher C.
Tolerable biological limit values (TBLVs): Changes
Biologische Arbeitsstofftoleranzwerte (BAT-Werte) - Neuerungen [in German]
Valeurs biologiques tolérables (VBT): changements [in French]
Biological monitoring constitutes an important complement to the monitoring of workplace air for evaluating the exposure of workers to harmful substances. The determination of a substance or its metabolites in biological matter allows the estimation of internal loads, taking into account all modes of absorption into the body. Contents of this article on tolerable biological limit values (TBLVs): usefulness of biological monitoring; definition of TBLV; load among occupationally-unexposed populations; list of TBL values; comment on substances for which TBLVs were revised in 2003 (lead and its inorganic compounds, inorganic mercury, aluminium, manganese and its inorganic compounds, styrene, other organic solvents); biological monitoring in the context of medical supervision.
Informations médicales - Medizinische Mitteilungen, Spring 2003, No.74, p.56-66. 8 ref.
http://wwwitsp1.suva.ch/sap/its/mimes/waswo/99/pdf/02869-74-d.pdf [in German]
http://wwwitsp1.suva.ch/sap/its/mimes/waswo/99/pdf/02869-74-f.pdf [in French]

CIS 05-168 Albiano N.F
Occupational toxicology - Criteria that apply to the monitoring of workers exposed to harmful chemicals
Toxicología laboral - Criterios para la vigilancia de los trabajadores expuestos a sustancias químicas peligrosas [in Spanish]
Aimed at occupational physicians, this manual provides information on the toxicology of various groups of chemicals, including: metals and their compounds; hydrocarbons (solvents); alcohols and ketones; ethers and aldehydes; phenol derivatives; crude coke-oven gas; petroleum derivatives; natural or synthetic acids and greases; respiratory tract irritants; inorganic powders; cotton and other vegetable fibres; asphyxiating gases; skin, respiratory tract and lung sensitizers; enzymes; pesticides; pharmaceutical industry products (oestrogens, penicillin, cephalosporin); plastics; substances that cause skin hypopigmentation; substances that are harmful to tooth enamel or tooth structure. For each product, a table presents the general characteristics, areas of use and permissible levels, acute and chronic effects, periodical medical examinations and recommended biological sampling. Surveillance criteria for exposed workers are also summarised and accompanied by information on the course of action to be followed by the occupational physician.
SRT Superintendencia de Riesgos del Trabajo, Florida 537, Piso 11°, C1005AAK Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2003. 366p. 41 ref. Index.
http://www.srt.gov.ar/nvaweb/publicaciones/TOXICOLOGIA%20LABORAL.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 04-164 Auffarth J., Hebisch R., Poppek U.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin
Recommended analytical methods for the determination of harmful substances in workplace air - Documentation
Empfohlene Analysenverfahren für Arbeitsplatzmessungen - Dokumentation [in German]
Alphabetic list of over 1000 harmful substances, with brief indications of measurement methods (sampling, preparation, analysis), analytical limits, threshold limit values and bibliographic references (situation as of July 2003). In addition to the methods approved by Mutual Accident Insurance Associations (Berufsgenossenschaften) and the German Research Association (DFG), methods recommended by NIOSH, the Health and Safety Executive, OSHA, the German Society for Petroleum and Coal Science and Technology (DGMK) and the German BIA Institute are also covered. One chapter is devoted to direct display analytical equipment. A CD-ROM of the data in database form is also included. Previous edition (17th, 1999) abstracted: CIS 03-805.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 18th ed, 2003. 351p. Index. + CD-ROM. Price: EUR 26.50.

CIS 04-152 Schneider O., Brondeau M.T.
Biological exposure indices
Indices biologiques d'exposition [in French]
Biological exposure indices consist of reference values corresponding either to concentrations of chemicals or their metabolites in biological fluids or exhaled air, or to biological responses to chemical substances. These indices can be used to assess workers' exposure to chemicals and must be considered as complementary to threshold limit values in air. This article provides definitions of biological exposure indices proposed by the ACGIH in the United States (BEIs) and the DFG in Germany (BAT), and describes their advantages and limitations. The limit values for 2002 are provided in tabular form.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 2003, No.191, p.29-46.

CIS 04-197 Guidelines on limits of exposure to static magnetic fields
Guide pour l'établissement de limites d'exposition aux champs magnétiques statiques [in French]
The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), in cooperation with the Environmental Health Division of the World Health Organization (WHO), developed a health criteria document on magnetic fields within the Environmental Health Criteria Programme (UNEP/WHO/IRPA 1987). It presents a review of biological effects reported from exposure to static magnetic fields. These guidelines apply to occupational and general public exposure to static magnetic fields. The guidelines do not apply to deliberate exposure of patients undergoing medical diagnosis or treatment. Contents: general aspects; scope; quantities and units; sources and levels; rationale for exposure limits; exposure limits; measuring methods.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 2003, No.190, p.5-11. 43 ref.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_search_view_view/B67D6839EE1926DFC1256D4E00318DB8/$FILE/nd2184.pdf [in French]

CIS 03-1831
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
List of MAK and BAT values 2003
Contents of the 2003 edition of the list of maximum concentrations and biological tolerance values at the workplace: significance, use and derivation of maximum concentrations (MAK) values; significance and use of biological tolerance (BAT) values; lists of substances; carcinogenic substances; sensitizing substances; aerosols; limitation of exposure peaks; MAK values and pregnancy; biological guideline values (BLW).
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003. 230p. Illus.

CIS 03-1810 Walters D., Grodzki K., Walters S.
Health and Safety Executive
The role of occupational exposure limits in the health and safety systems of EU Member States
This report presents a review of procedures for setting occupational exposure limits (OELs) and their legal status in EU member states, analyses the methods and practices of the regulatory agencies in several member states to help achieve compliance with specific OELs and discusses the different meanings associated with "compliance" with OELs. The study finds broadly comparable structures and systems for setting OELs in all member states, as well as similar problems confronting their practical implementation at the workplace to those identified in the United Kingdom. At the same time, it reports on a variety of strategies undertaken in different countries to improve managing risks of working with hazardous chemicals and suggests that such approaches could be usefully taken into account in the revision of the framework for OELs in the UK.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2003. xviii, 200p. Illus. 120 ref. Price: GBP 25.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr172.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1875 Singleton M., Griffiths C., Morrison G., Soanes T.
Health and Safety Executive
Dose constraints for comforters and carers
This report was prepared to enable guidance to be developed for employers, to assist them in meeting relevant legislative requirements for the exposure of persons who offer support and care to patients undergoing procedures involving ionizing radiation where this would not be considered directly part of their occupation. The report identifies relevant legislation and guidance, discusses its interpretation, identifies circumstances in which these persons are exposed and presents information relating to the extent of these exposures, including results of dose measurements. Significant use of published information has been made, that has been supplemented wherever possible, with contributions from healthcare professionals.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2003. iv, 62p. 44 ref. Price: GBP 15.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr155.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1843 Documentation of the TLVs and BEIs with other worldwide occupational exposure values - CD-ROM - 2003, single user version
This CD-ROM contains the database and associated documentation of the 2001 editions of the threshold limit values (TLVs) and biological exposure indices (BEIs), together with the 2002 and 2003 supplements. The database contains not only the ACGIH TLVs and BEIs for chemical substances, but also occupational exposure limit values from an additional 31 countries or agencies. In addition, the carcinogenicity classifications by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) are included. Replaces CIS 95-1470.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists,1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45240, USA. 2003. CD-ROM for Windows, requiring Microsoft Access 97 or more recent.

CIS 03-1866 Wolska A.
New criteria for limits of exposure to non-laser optical radiation
Nowe kryteria oceny zagrożenia nielaserowym promieniowaniem optycznym [in Polish]
The new Polish regulations related to maximum permissible doses of factors harmful to the health in the working environment came into force on 19 June 2003. They require employers to evaluate radiation hazards in workplaces according to new criteria. This article presents these criteria and their differences from earlier ones, and clarifies some aspects of the new criteria which may be subject to a wrong interpretation.
Bezpieczeństwo pracy, Mar. 2003, No.3, p.21-24. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 03-1063 Butyl acrylate
Acrylate de butyle [in French]
International Chemical Safety Card published in 2003 (Spanish version already abstracted under CIS 00-638). Exposure routes: inhalation and skin absorption. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may induce skin sensitization. Threshold limit value: 2ppm (ACGIH 2002); MAK 2ppm; pregnancy risk group: D (DFG 2003). Synonyms: acrylic acid n-butyl ester; 2-propenoic acid, butyl ester; butyl 2-propenoate.
Internet documents, 2003, 2p.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc04/icsc0400.pdf [in English]
http://www.mtas.es/insht/ipcsnspn/nspn0400.htm [in French]

CIS 03-1062 n-Butyl acetate
Acétate de n-butyle [in French]
Acetato de n-butilo [in Spanish]
International Chemical Safety Card published in 2003. Exposure routes: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; effects on the central nervous system; lowering of consciousness when exposure is far above OEL. Long-term exposure effects: defatening of the skin. Threshold limit value: 150ppm as TWA; 200ppm as STEL (ACGIH 2003); pregnancy risk group C (DFG 2003). Synonyms: acetic acid, n-butyl ester; butyl ethanoate.
Internet documents, 2003, 2p.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc03/icsc0399.pdf [in English]
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsnfrn/nfrn0399.html [in French]
http://www.mtas.es/insht/ipcsnspn/nspn0399.htm [in Spanish]

CIS 03-1054 Butane
Butane (gaz liquéfié) [in French]
International Chemical Safety Card published in 2003 (Spanish version already abstracted under CIS 94-1145). Exposure routes: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: frostbite on contact with liquid butane; exposure to high concentrations may cause effects on the central nervous system. Threshold limit value: 800ppm as 8h TWA (ACGIH 2003); pregnancy risk group: IIc (DFG 2003).
Internet documents, 2003. 2p.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc02/icsc0232.pdf [in English]
http://www.cdc.gov/Niosh/ipcsnfrn/nfrn0232.html [in French]

CIS 03-1048 Ostiguy C., Malo S., Asselin P.
Synthesis of scientific knowledge on health hazards from occupational exposures to manganese
Synthèse des connaissances scientifiques sur les risques d'atteinte à la santé suite à une exposition professionnelle au manganèse [in French]
Contents of this criteria document on manganese: occurrence of manganese in the environment; occupational exposure to manganese; metabolism and distribution (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity mechanisms); biomarkers of exposure and effects; health effects (extrapolation to man of effects on animals, effects on the respiratory, reproductive and central nervous system (CNS)); current standards and recommendations. In view of the effects the CNS, ACCGIH is currently studying revising their recommended exposure limit for manganese from the current level of 0.20mg/m³ in total dust to 0.03mg/m³ in respirable dust.
Institut de recherche en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, May 2003. 40p. 209 ref. Price: CAD 6.42.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/htmfr/pdf_txt/R-339.pdf [in French]

CIS 03-1334 Documentation of the TLVs and BEIs with other worldwide occupational exposure values - CD-ROM - 2003, Network version
This CD-ROM contains the database and associated documentation of the 2001 editions of the threshold limit values (TLVs) and biological exposure indices (BEIs), together with the 2002 and 2003 supplements. The database contains not only the ACGIH TLVs for chemical substances, but also occupational exposure limit values from an additional 31 countries or agencies. In addition, the carcinogenicity classifications by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) are included.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH),1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45240, USA. 2003. CD-ROM for Windows, requiring Microsoft Access 97 or more recent. Price: USD 3500.00.

CIS 03-1025 Directive 2003/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 March 2003 amending Council Directive 83/477/EEC on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to asbestos at work [European Union]
Directive 2003/18/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 27 mars 2003 modifiant la directive 83/477/CEE du Conseil concernant la protection des travailleurs contre les risques liés à l'exposition à l'amiante pendant le travail [Union européenne] [in French]
Directiva 2003/18/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 27 de marzo de 2003, por la que se modifica la Directiva 83/477/CEE del Consejo sobre la protección de los trabajadores contra los riesgos relacionados con la exposición al amianto durante el trabajo [in Spanish]
Modification of Directive 83/477/EEC (see CIS 84-327). Contents: new listing of substances included within the concept of asbestos; changed conditions under which workers are authorized to work while exposed to low concentrations of asbestos; changed details of what a notification of working with asbestos should contain; general prohibition of work in the presence of asbestos, with exemptions noted; statement of principle concerning the reduction of asbestos exposure levels to a minimum; new rules concerning the determination of asbestos concentrations; new exposure limit (8h TWA) of 0.1 fibre/cm³; changed provisions concerning the responsibilities of employers for reducing exposure.
Official Journal of the European Union - Journal officiel de l'Union européenne, 15 Apr. 2003, Vol.46, No.L 97, p.48-52.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/en/oj/dat/2003/l_097/l_09720030415en00480052.pdf [in English]
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/fr/oj/dat/2003/l_097/l_09720030415fr00480052.pdf [in French]
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/es/oj/dat/2003/l_097/l_09720030415es00480052.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 02-1558 Glycidyl phenyl ether
Éter glicidílico de fenilo [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limits: TWA 60mg/m³ or 10ppm (OSHA); ceiling value 5mg/m³ or 1ppm for 15min (NIOSH); 6mg/m³ or 1ppm (ACGIH). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Toxicity: irritation of eyes, nose, respiratory tract and skin; drying of the skin, dermatitis, blisters, oedema, skin eruptions and skin sensitization.
Noticias de seguridad, Jan.-Feb. 2003, Vol.65, No.1/2, 4p. Insert.

2002

CIS 03-1863 Malchaire J., Geng Q., Den Hartog E., Havenith G., Holmer I., Piette A., Powell S.L., Rintamäki H., Rissanen S.
Temperature limit values for gripping cold surfaces
At the request of the European Commission and in the framework of the European Machinery Directive, research was conducted jointly in five different laboratories to develop specifications for surface temperature limit values for the gripping and handling of cold items. A total of 414 experiments were run where male and female subjects were invited to grip for up to 20min cold bars of different contact coefficients, i.e. polished wood, nylon, stone, steel and aluminium. The air temperature and the bars' initial surface temperatures ranged between 0 and -30°C. The data were used to develop a prediction formula and a graph of the surface temperature limit values in order for the skin contact temperature not to reach <15°C. This duration is shown to offer a significant degree of safety. Experiments and modelling must be pursued to extend these data to other conditions of exposure.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Mar. 2002, Vol.46, No.2, p.157-163. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 03-1074 Dimethyl ether
Ether diméthylique [in French]
International Chemical Safety Card published in 2002. Exposure routes: inhalation. Short term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; frostbite; effects on the central nervous system; exposure to high levels may cause lowering of consciousness. Threshold limit value: OEL as TWA: 1000ppm; 1920mg/m³ (EU 2002). Synonyms: methyl ether; oxybismethane; wood ether; methoxymethane.
Internet documents, 2002, 2p.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc04/icsc0454.pdf [in English]
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsnfrn/nfrn0454.html [in French]

CIS 03-811 Screening information data set - SIDS - for high production volume chemicals - Volume 7, Parts 1, 2 and 3
Ecotoxicological and toxicological (acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, effects on reproduction, genetic effects) data for the risk assessment of: acetic anhydride; D & C Red No. 9; benzyl chloride; 2-butoxyethanol; 4-chloro-o-cresol; 2,6-dichlorotoluene; dicyclopentadiene; cresyl diphenyl phosphate; pentaerythritol; hydroquinone; melamine; 3-methyl butynol; α-methyl styrene.
United Nations Environment Programme, Case postale 356, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, June 2002. viii, 328p. Index (Part 1); viii, 322p. Index (Part 2); viii, 295p. Index (Part 3).
http://www.chem.unep.ch/irptc/sids/oecdsids/indexcasnumb.htm [in English]

CIS 03-829
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
List of MAK and BAT values 2002
Contents of this publication on maximum concentration at the workplace and biological tolerance values (referred to by their German acronyms MAK and BAT, respectively): significance, use and derivation of MAK values; lists of substances with their CAS numbers, chemical formulae, MAKs in ppm and mg/m³, as well as their peak exposure category, skin absorption (H) and sensitization (S) codes, carcinogenicity category, pregnancy group code, mutagen category and vapour pressure (in hPa) at 20°C; lists of substances for which no MAK value has been established, and of substances known to be dangerous to pregnant women or the foetus, but which have not been assigned to a risk category; additional information on known or suspected carcinogens (including drugs and tobacco smoke), allergens and aerosols; indicative technical concentrations (TRKs) for carcinogens; definition of BAT values; lists of BAT values for some substances. Replaces 2001 edition (in German), CIS 01-1179.
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002. 222p. + xxxip. Bibl.ref. Index.

CIS 03-460 Ciriello V.M., Webster B.S., Dempsey P.G.
Maximal acceptable torques of highly repetitive screw driving, ulnar deviation, and handgrip tasks for 7-hour workdays
To quantify maximum acceptable torques of screw driving, ulnar deviation and hand grip tasks, ten subjects performed defined tasks 15, 20 and 25 times per minute, seven hours per day, five days per week, for four weeks. The subjects could adjust the resistance on the handle, while the experimenter controlled all other variables. The subjects were instructed to work as if they were getting paid on the basis of the amount of work they performed. Symptoms were recorded during the last 5min of each hour. Results revealed that mean maximum acceptable torques ranged from 0.33 to 0.65Nm for screw driving, 1.08 to 1.13Nm for ulnar deviation, and 4.80 to 4.85Nm for the handgrip task. These values represent 14 to 24% (median of 17%) of maximum isometric torque depending on the frequency and motion. A table of maximum acceptable torques of each of the different motions is presented for application in the field.
AIHA Journal, Sep.-Oct. 2002, Vol.63, No.5, p.594-604. Illus. 30 ref.

CIS 03-60 Bonnard N., Falcy M., Jargot D., Miraval S., Protois J.C., Schneider O.
1,3-Butadiene
1,3-Butadiène [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Synonyms: bivinyl; vinyl ethylene. Acute toxicity: inhalation exposure to concentrations above 10,000ppm induces coughing. a state similar to that under the influence of alcohol, fatigue, headache and blurred vision; higher concentrations can cause coma. Chronic toxicity: there is lack of data on toxicity to humans; mutagenic activity has been detected (chromosome changes); the substance is carcinogenic (leukaemia, lymphosarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, haematopoietic cancer). Exposure limits (ACGIH): TWA = 2ppm. EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.601-013-00-X; T, F+, R12, R45, R46, S33, S45, 203-450-8. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 02-1407.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 6p. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 03-58 Bonnard N., Brondeau M.T., Falcy M., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Schneider O.
Methyl tert-butyl oxide (MTBE)
Oxyde de tert-butyle et de méthyle (MTBE) [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Synonyms: 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane; MTBE. The acute toxicity of MTBE is low. At high concentrations, it causes hypoactivity, depression of the central nervous system and ataxia. It is a moderate skin irritant and a weak eye irritant. It causes respiratory irritation. It is not a skin sensitizer. There is very limited data on human chronic toxicity. At high repeated concentrations in rats, the substance causes damage to the central nervous system, irritation of the gastro-intestinal and respiratory tracts, slight modifications of serum parameters and chronic nephropathy among males. Since most in vitro or in vivo genotoxicity tests are negative, MTBE is presumed to be non-mutagenic. It has no effects on reproductive health. Exposure limits: USA (ACGIH): TWA = 40ppm; Germany (MAK): TWA = 180mg/m³ or 50ppm. EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.216-653-1; F, Xi; R11, R38, S9, S16, S24. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 02-1407.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 6p. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 03-56 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane
1,1,2,2-Tetracloro-1,2-difluoroetano [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: 4170mg/m³ or 500ppm (OSHA). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion Toxicity: irritation of the skin and the eyes; drowsiness and respiratory disorders.
Noticias de seguridad, July/Aug. 2002, Vol.64, No.7 and 8, 4p. Insert.

CIS 03-55 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Ácido 2,4,5-triclorofenoxiacético [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: 10mg/m³. Exposure routes: inhalation et ingestion. Toxicity: abdominal pain. nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea with bloody stools; skin irritation; chloracne; hepatic damage.
Noticias de seguridad, June 2002, Vol.64, No.6, 3p. Insert.

CIS 03-54 Sulfur monochloride
Monocloruro de azufre [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: 6mg/m³ or 1ppm (OSHA). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Toxicity: vapour may cause cough and watering of the eyes; inhalation may induce severe respiratory disorders and symptoms of chemical pneumonia; splashes on the skin may cause irritation and burns; splashes on the eyes may cause severe lesions and scars; repeated exposure may cause chronic irritation of the skin, eyes and upper airways.
Noticias de seguridad, May 2002, Vol.64, No.5, 4p. Insert.

CIS 02-1560 Screening information data set SIDS for high production volume chemicals - Volume 8, Parts 1 and 2
Ecotoxicological and toxicological (acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, effects on reproduction, genetic effects) data for the risk assessment of 7 chemicals: 1,4-butanediol, p-tert-butylphenol, diacetone alcohol, 4-5-dihydroxy-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl) imidazolidin-2-one (synonym: dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea), glycidyl methacrylate, 4,4'- methylenedianiline and 1,1,2-trichloroethane.
United Nations Environment Programme, 11-13 chemin des Anémones, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, Nov. 2002. viii, 264p. Bibl.ref. (Part 1); viii, 302p. Bibl.ref. (Part 2).

CIS 02-1849
Ministerio de trabajo y asuntos sociales
Occupational exposure limits for chemicals in Spain in 2003
Límites de exposición profesional para agentes químicos en España - 2003 [in Spanish]
Following an introduction consisting of a review of current Spanish and European regulations, this booklet contains the following sections: objectives and scope; definitions; different types of exposure limits; list of substances and their exposure limits; carcinogenic or mutagenic chemicals; exposure limits being currently revised; biological threshold limits; biological threshold limits being currently revised. Appendices include: mixtures of chemicals; defining daily or weekly exposure limits; chemicals classified by CAS number. Replaces CIS 02-343.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2002. 160p. 9 ref.

CIS 02-1407 Toxicological data sheets
Fiches toxicologiques [in French]
CD-ROM including the complete collection of data sheets published by the Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS). These data sheets provide technical and regulatory synthesis of information on hazards related to a product or a group of products. Topics covered by each data sheet: uses; physical and chemical properties; methods of detection and determination in air; fire hazards; pathology and toxicology; current French occupational safety and health regulations in areas of occupational safety and hygiene, protection of the environment and transport; technical and medical recommendations. (Replaces CIS 01-201).
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, June 2002. CD-ROM can be read on Macintosh or PC (Windows 95, 98, NT).

CIS 02-1028 Royal Order of 11 Oct. 2002 modifying the Royal Order of 11 March 2002 concerning the protection of the health and safety of workers against the risks related to chemical agents at work [Belgium]
Arrêté royal modifiant l'arrêté royal du 11.3.2002 relatif à la protection de la santé et de la sécurité des travailleurs contre les risques liés aux agents chimiques sur le lieu de travail [Belgique] [in French]
Koninklijk besluit tot wijziging van het koninklijk besluit van 11 maart 2002 betreffende de bescherming van de gezondheid en de veiligheid van de werknemers tegen de risico's van chemische agentia op het werk [in Dutch]
Modification of the Royal Order of 11 March 2002 (see CIS 01-1586). It provides a revised list of occupational exposure limits for approx. 700 substances, in line with the list of indicative occupational exposure limits introduced by European Directive 2000/39/EC (see CIS 01-966).
Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 25 Oct. 2002, Year 172, No.341, p.49062-49097.

CIS 02-524 Order No.45/2002 of 16 Jan. 2002 on health protection while working with chemical agents [Slovak Republic]
Nariadenie vlády Slovenskej republiky zo 16. januára 2002 o ochrane zdravia pri práci s chemickými faktormi [in Slovak]
This Order (entry into force: 1 Feb. 2002) establishes the minimum requirements for the protection of workers exposed to chemical agents at work. Various related regulations of the Slovak Socialist Republic are revoked. In annex: list of exposure limits (in ppm and mg/m³), with hazard codes; specific exposure limits related to aerosols and mineral fibres (incl. asbestos); permitted levels of biological exposure indices for certain highly dangerous substances.
Zbierka zákonov slovenskej republiky, 1 Feb. 2002, No.22, p.455-481.
http://www.bozpo.sk/bezpecnost/predpis/45_02.pdf [in Slovak]

CIS 02-523 Order No.46/2002 of 16 Jan. 2002 on health protection while working with carcinogenic and mutagenic agents [Slovak Republic]
Nariadenie vlády Slovenskej republiky zo 16. januára 2002 o ochrane zdravia pri práci s karcinogénnymi a mutagénnymi faktormi [in Slovak]
This Order (entry into force: 1 Feb. 2002) establishes the minimum requirements for the protection of workers exposed to carcinogenic and mutagenic agents at work. Regulations of the Slovak Socialist republic dated 1984, 1985 and 1990 concerning carcinogens are repealed. In annex: list of exposure limits (in ppm and mg/m³) and carcinogenic, mutagenic, sensitization and skin notations; permitted levels of biological exposure indices for certain highly dangerous substances.
Zbierka zákonov slovenskej republiky, 1 Feb. 2002, No.22, p.482-493.
http://www.bozpo.sk/bezpecnost/predpis/46_02.pdf [in Slovak]

CIS 02-858 Bilans de connaissances B-063, Bégin D., Gérin M.
1-Bromopropane and the substitution of solvents
Le 1-bromopropane et la substitution des solvants [in French]
1-Bromopropane (1-BP) is being promoted as a substitute for solvents that cause ozone depletion, in particular for vapour phase degreasing of metal parts, for the cleaning of printed circuit boards and for the formulation of adhesives. There are no systematic studies available on the toxic effects of 1-BP in humans. However, some cases of eye, throat and skin irritation, as well as of neurotoxic effects have been reported among exposed workers. Inhalation of subchronic levels of 1-BP by rats causes effects on the liver, on the central and peripheral nervous systems and on the male reproductive system. There are no studies available on the carcinogenicity or developmental effects of 1-BP; however, one of the metabolites found in rats is propylene oxide, a known animal mutagen and carcinogen. There are currently no legally-binding exposure limits, and different manufacturers of 1-BP recommend eight-hour averages of 3, 10, 25, 50 or 100ppm. Given the present degree of understanding, it appears premature to recommend the use of this solvent given its documented animal neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity, and the absence of data concerning its potential carcinogenicity and developmental toxicity at the embryo, the foetus and post-birth levels.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, Mar. 2002. v, 41p. 134 ref. Price: CAD 6.42.

CIS 02-856 Bilans de connaissances B-062, Bégin D., Lavoué J., Gérin M.
Substitution of solvents by dimethyl sulfoxide
La substitution des solvants par le diméthylsulfoxyde [in French]
Because of its strong solvating power, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used in many areas as a substitute for more harmful solvents, particularly in stripping. It is characterized by its ease and rapidity of skin penetration, diffusion to all biological compartments, partial oxidation by hepatic microsomes to dimethyl sulfone which is primarily excreted in urine along with unchanged DMSO, and a partial reduction to dimethyl sulfane with a garlic smell found in exhaled air. It has low acute toxicity. In humans, skin exposure to concentrated DMSO can give rise to localized irritation with desquaming, erythema and puritis. Hepatic, kidney, haemolitic and neurotoxic effects are observed in animals or humans only at high concentrations. DMSO may be mildly mutagenic. Available data do not appear to indicate carcinogenic effects, but remain inconclusive. Animal experiments indicate that DMSO has little embryo- or reproductive toxicity and is not teratogenic at concentrations that are non toxic to the mother. In occupational settings, preventive measures should focus primarily on skin protection. In Switzerland, Germany and Sweden, and eight-hour TWA exposure limit has been set at 50ppm.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, Mar. 2002. vi, 71p. 160 ref. Price: CAD 25.00.

CIS 02-520 Grand-Ducal Regulation of 30 July 2002 concerning the protection of the health and safety of workers against the hazards of chemical agents in the workplace [Luxembourg]
Règlement grand-ducal du 30 juillet 2002 concernant la protection de la santé et de la sécurité des travailleurs contre les risques liés à des agents chimiques sur le lieu de travail [Luxembourg] [in French]
This regulation introduces into Luxembourg legislation the provisions of Directive 98/24/EC on chemical hazards (see CIS 98-1094) and of Directive 2000/39/EC on a first list of indicative occupational exposure limits (see CIS 01-966). Contents: purpose and scope; definitions; permissible occupational and biological exposure limits; determination and evaluation of chemical hazards; general principles of hazard prevention connected to dangerous chemicals; specific protective and preventive measures; measures in case of accidents, incidents and emergencies; information and training of workers; prohibited activities; health surveillance; consultation and participation of workers. The Grand-Ducal regulations of 15.7.1988 on lead (CIS 90-711), of 2.7.1992 on the prohibition of certain substances and activities, and of 10.7.1995 on exposure limits (CIS 00-1227), as modified by that of 28.2.1999 (CIS 00-1228), are repealed. In annex: list of exposure limits for approx. 80 substances (both 8h TWA and STEL), with skin notation where appropriate; biological exposure limits for lead and its metallic compounds;4 prohibited substances (2-naphthylamine; 4-aminobiphenyl; benzidine; 4-nitrobiphenyl; salts of the first 3); prohibited activities (where asbestos is present, with some exceptions).
Mémorial - Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 26 Aug. 2002, No.A-96, p.1948-1956.
http://www.etat.lu/legilux/DOCUMENTS_PDF/MEMORIAL/memorial/a/2002/a0962608.pdf [in French]

CIS 02-57 n-Propyl nitrate
Nitrato de n-propilo [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: TWA 1000mg/m³ or 25ppm (OSHA). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Toxicity: cyanosis; methaemoglobinaemia; anaemia; headache; weakness; irritability; nausea; increase of pulse rate; skin irritation and thickening.
Noticias de seguridad, Apr. 2002, Vol.64, No.4, 4p. Insert.

CIS 02-56 β-Propiolactone
Betapropiolactona [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: 1.5mg/m³ or 0.5ppm (ACGIH). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Toxicity: probable carcinogenic effect in humans (A3); irritation of the skin or blisters; possible permanent corneal opacity in case of eye contact.
Noticias de seguridad, Apr. 2002, Vol.64, No.4, 5p. Insert.

CIS 02-55 2-Pentanone
2-Pentanona [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limits: 700mg/m³ or 200ppm (OSHA); TWA 530mg/m³ or 150ppm (NIOSH); 700mg/m³ or 200ppm and short-term exposure 875mg/m³ or 250ppm (ACGIH). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Toxicity: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; dermatitis; headache; nausea; vertigo; disturbances of coordination and eyes.
Noticias de seguridad, Mar. 2002, Vol.64, No.3, 4p. Insert.

CIS 02-53 p-Nitrochlorobenzene
p-Nitroclorobenceno [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: TWA 1mg/m³ (OSHA). Exposure routes: inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. Toxicity: skin absorption; cyanosis; irritability; vertigo; weakness; nausea; vomiting; breathlessness; somnolence; unconsciousness. Effects may be delayed. Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause anaemia and skin rashes.
Noticias de seguridad, Feb. 2002, Vol.64, No.2, 4p. Insert.

CIS 02-52 Isobutylmethylcarbinol
Carbinol isobutílico de metilo [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: TWA 100mg/m³ or 25ppm (OSHA). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Toxicity: irritation of the skin and eyes; drowsiness; headache.
Noticias de seguridad, Feb. 2002, Vol.64, No.2, 4p. Insert.

CIS 02-51 Hexachloroethane
Hexacloroetano [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limits: 10mg/m³ or 1ppm (OSHA); 1-10ppm (ACGIH, skin). Exposure routes: inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. Toxicity: eye irritation; blepharospasm; photophobia; watering of the eyes; redness of the conjunctiva.
Noticias de seguridad, Jan. 2002, Vol.64, No.1, 4p. Insert.

CIS 02-50 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane
1,1,1,2-Tetracloro-2,2-difluoroetano [in Spanish]
Chemical safety information sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit: TWA 4170mg/m³ or 500ppm (OSHA). Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Toxicity: narcotic effect; drowsiness; breathing difficulties; irritation of the skin and eyes in the case of contact.
Noticias de seguridad, Jan. 2002, Vol.64, No.1, 4p. Insert.

CIS 01-1586 Royal Order of 11 Mar. 2002 concerning the protection of the health and safety of workers from the risks related to chemical agents at work [Belgium]
11 mars 2002 - Arrêté royal relatif à la protection de la santé et de la sécurité des travailleurs contre les risques liés à des agents chimiques sur le lieu de travail [Belgique] [in French]
11 maart 2002 - Koninklijk besluit betreffende de bescherming van de gezondheid en de veiligheid van de werknemers tegen de risico's van chemische agentia op het werk [in Dutch]
This Order is the transposition into Belgian legislation of Directive 98/24/EC (CIS 98-1094) on chemical risks at work. Contents: scope and definitions; hazard evaluation; general and specific prevention measures; what to do after an accident, an incident or an emergency; information and training of workers; prohibited activities; health monitoring; occupational exposure limits. Certain provisions of the 1946/1947 General Regulation of Labour Protection, as amended (see CIS 93-1056), are repealed. In annex: list of occupational exposure limits (maximum and STEL; in ppm and mg/m³; additional classifications); measurement methods (with references to appropriate European EN standards); biological exposure limit for lead and its ionic compounds (70µg Pb/100mL blood); prohibited substances (2-naphthylamine and its salts; 4-aminobiphenyl and its salts; benzidine and its salts; 4-nitrobiphenyl; all exempted if < 0.1% by weight); detection methods.
Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 14 Mar. 2002, Year 172, No.88, p.10865-10932.
http://meta.fgov.be/pdf/pk/frkfg03.pdf [in French]

2001

CIS 04-672 Bartual Sánchez J., Berenguer Subils M.J.
Indoor air quality guidelines: chemical contaminants
Guías de calidad de aire interior: contaminantes químicos [in Spanish]
This information note covers the use of reference values for the evaluation of indoor air quality and presents lists of reference values for various contaminants of indoor air. Contents: general aspects concerning the use of reference values; considerations concerning the determination of reference values; hygiene evaluation criteria (TLVs); reference values and defined threshold limit values for outdoor air contaminants; reference values for indoor air contaminants determined by the WHO as a function of their effects on health; specific example of radon.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2001. 6p. 7 ref.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/ntp/ntp_607.htm [in Spanish]

CIS 03-1042 Ordinance concerning protection against the hazards of ionizing radiation [Germany]
Verordnung über den Schutz vor Schäden durch ionisierende Strahlen (StrlSchV 2001) [in German]
This Ordinance constitutes Article I of the Ordinance transposing into German legislation the provisions of Council Directive 96/29/EURATOM laying down basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionizing radiation (see CIS 96-1943) and of Council Directive 97/43/EURATOM on health protection of individuals against the dangers of ionizing radiation in relation to medical exposures. Contents: protection of people and the environment against radioactive substances and ionizing radiation used for work activities; requirements for the safe use of radioactive substances and ionizing radiation; protection of people and the environment against natural radiation present at work. In annexes: activities that do not require permits; documentation needed for the testing of newly proposed permits; threshold limits for various radioactive substances; exemptions; conditions for the certification of equipment using radiation; dosimetric quantities, units and factors; data for the evaluation of radiation dose; medical forms used in radiation protection; standard warning sign for radiation hazard; data for the hazard evaluation of the handling of radioactive waste; occupations where high levels of natural radiation can be expected; utilization and elimination of radioactive residues; prescribed information of the general public (in case of radiation emergencies); competent organizations in Germany for the monitoring of radiation emission and exposures.
Bundesgesetzblatt, 26 July 2001, No.38, Part I, p.1714-1836. Illus.
http://www.h-wie-herz.de/Recht/Strahlenschutzverordnung.pdf [in German]
http://217.160.60.235/BGBL/bgbl1f/b101038f.pdf [in German]

CIS 03-745 Jongeneelen F.J.
Benchmark guideline for urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as biomarker of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene has been proposed as an indicator of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). This article discusses a proposed three-level guideline for exposure evaluation. The first level is the 95th percentile in non-occupational exposed controls, namely 0.24µmol/mol and 0.76µmol/mol creatinine for non-smokers and smokers, respectively. Next, 1.4µmol/mol creatinine is the lowest reported level at which no genotoxic effects were found among exposed workers and is therefore proposed as the second level of the guideline. In two types of industry, coke ovens and primary aluminium production, airborne PAH concentrations and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in exposed workers have been studied. The concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine equal to the occupational exposure limit is 2.3µmol/mol creatinine and 4.9µmol/mol creatinine, respectively, in these two industries. These latter values present the third level of the guideline.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Jan. 2001, Vol.45, No.1, p.3-13. 70 ref.

CIS 03-34 Safety and Health at Work (Chemical Agents) Regulations of 2001 [Cyprus]
Oi perí Asfáleias kai Ugeías stēn Ergasía (Hēmikoí Parágontes) Kanonismoí tou 2001 [in Greek]
These regulations were issued under the authority of the 1996 Act concerning safety and health at work (see CIS 98-5). Contents: general provisions; responsibilities of employers. In schedules: list of occupational exposure limits (with peak and TWA values, in mg/m³ and ppm, as well as skin notation where necessary); obligatory biological exposure limits, with health monitoring measures; prohibitions (2-naphthylamine and its salts, 4-aminobiphenyl and its salts, benzidine and its salts, and 4-nitrobiphenyl, all at concentrations > 0.1%).
Episêmos Efêmeris tês Dêmokratias, 6 July 2001, No.3512, Suppl. III(I), p.2814-2828.
http://www.cysha.org.cy/greek/downloads/nomothesia/010_Nomothesia.pdf [in Greek]

CIS 02-1889 Becker K.
How much protection against radon do we need?
It has been long established that exposure to radon contributed to lung cancer risk among miners in the past. However, based on recent epidemiological data that the author considers controversial, regulators currently favour linear extrapolation from the very high exposures encountered in mining to low residential radon exposures. Direct and indirect evidence are reviewed and it is argued that this approach may be misleading due to various perturbing factors, in particular the retrospective determination of smoking habits.
Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2001, Vol.7, No.3-4, p.168-177. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 02-1144 Bonnard N., Brondeau M.T., Falcy M., Jargot D., Miraval S., Protois J.C., Schneider O.
Carbon dioxide
Dioxyde de carbone [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Synonyms: carbonic anhydride; dry ice. Acute toxicity: asphyxiant gas which may cause death; increase in breathing rhythm, state as if under the influence of alcohol; headache; visual disorders; unconsciousness; skin burns in the case of contact with the substance at low temperature. Chronic toxicity: changes of the blood pH; increase of pulmonary ventilation; changes in colour vision. Exposure limits: TWA: USA ACGIH 2000 = 9000mg/m³ (5000ppm); Germany MAK = 9000mg/m³ (2000-5000ppm). Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 02-1407.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 5p. 23 ref.

CIS 02-1400
Health and Safety Executive
Occupational exposure limits 2002
Latest edition of the annual guidance note (previous version abstracted: CIS 98-426). It lists maximum exposure limits, occupational exposure standards and biological monitoring guidance values for use with the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1999 (see CIS 00-620). Substances currently under review are also listed. Additional sections contain detailed discussions of how to control exposure (setting and applying occupational exposure limits; new limits, reviews and revisions; substances which constitute special cases - carcinogens, respiratory allergens, lead and asbestos, pesticides, exposure in mines); monitoring exposure and mixed exposures. A technical supplement describes changes to the previous edition and provides examples of exposure calculations. Previous edition indexed: CIS 00-1100.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2001. vi, 106p. 228 ref. Price: GBP 10.50

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