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Risk evaluation - 1,588 entries found

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2003

CIS 03-935
Health and Safety Executive
Safe working and the prevention of infection in clinical laboratories and similar facilities
This guidance is intended primarily to cover working practices in clinical pathology laboratories, and updates the 1991 edition (see CIS 91-2072) by taking into account the requirements under the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) 1995 (see CIS 95-1930) and the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) 2002. Contents: introduction; health and safety law; health and safety management; categorization of biological agents; buildings and accommodation; standard operating procedures and safe working practices; equipment; revision of standard practices and procedures; cleaning, decontamination and waste disposal; information, instruction and training; health surveillance and immunization; incidents and accidents; audits. Appendices include: microbiological safety cabinets; disinfectants and disinfection of clinical laboratories; packaging requirements for diagnostic specimens; staff safety guidelines.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 2003. iv, 80p. Illus. 61 ref. Price: GBP 9.50.

CIS 03-934
Health and Safety Executive
Safe working and the prevention of infection in the mortuary and post-mortem room
This guidance updates the 1991 edition (see CIS 92-326) on safe working practices and the prevention of infections in mortuaries and post-mortem rooms. It includes the requirements under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (MHSWR) 1999 (see CIS 02-1507) and the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) 2002. Contents: introduction; definition of health and safety management; risk assessment; mortuary facilities and building accommodation; body reception; safe working practices in the mortuary and post-mortem room; post-mortem examinations; visitors and observers in the mortuary and post-mortem examination room; cleaning and decontamination; waste disposal; information, training, instruction and supervision; health surveillance and immunization; checking what has been done. Appendices include: health and safety law; disinfectants and disinfection; infection control notification sheet; packaging, labelling and transport of specimens.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 2003. iv, 52p. 61 ref. Price: GBP 7.50.

CIS 03-908 Berrington K., Pitt R., Porteous H.
Health and Safety Executive
Transport at work: Rollover of lorries transporting paper reels
The purpose of this study was to review the rollover risk of trucks carrying paper reels in the light of current regulations and best practice, by theoretical and practical analysis of the operations of a haulage company specializing in paper reels. It focused on the centre of gravity of loads judged to be vulnerable to rollover on the basis of the laws of physics and accident reports. A series of road trials were carried out with laden trucks, during which acceleration vectors and other parameters were measured. The analysis included examining the effect of natural oscillations and identifying instability factors such as load movement. Little evidence was found to support any major change in existing best-practice, except for the highest loads where there was an inherent rollover risk. The rollover risk may be eliminated by good driving augmented by maximum speed recommendations on sharp bends and roundabouts.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2003. viii, 35p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: GBP 10.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr098.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-844 Brazier A, Waite P.
Health and Safety Executive
Safety report regime - Evaluating the impact on new entrants to COMAH
This report addresses the impact of writing a Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations (COMAH, see CIS 00-24) safety report on the views and perceptions of duty holders. A group of new entrants to COMAH was identified as the ideal target group. Questionnaires were sent to 303 establishments; the response rate was 50%, with 66% for the target group. 43 interviews were also carried out. 90% of establishments had made some changes to their arrangements for major accident hazards as a result of COMAH. 55% commented that without COMAH these changes would not have happened, or would have taken much longer. The study suggests that although writing a safety report helps to systematically identify where changes are needed, it can also lead to delays in implementing changes to the way safety is managed. The financial impact of COMAH on industry has been significant, and the judgement as to whether this represents value for money is finely balanced.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2003. vi, 51p. Illus. Price: GBP 15.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr092.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-840 Ashe B.S.W., Rew P.J.
Health and Safety Executive
Effects of flashfires on building occupants
This report analyses the likelihood of secondary ignition of the interior of buildings, based on the incident heat from a fire event and the duration of exposure to the event. It incorporates evacuation behaviour, making an assessment of the proportion of occupants who do not escape from the secondary fire. Due to the lack of data on the evacuation behaviour relating to external fires, case studies are used to estimate particular behaviour patterns. The key finding of this study is the increased probability of fatalities of building occupants due to multi-point ignition events, as compared to that for a single ignition. The model was used to generate typical scenarios.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2003. iv, 56p. Illus. 48 ref. Price: GBP 15.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr084.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-796 Scaperdas A., Hebden C.R.
Health and Safety Executive
Source term modelling of releases within building complexes
This study relates to the dispersion of dense gases within and downstream of building complexes. A review of earlier work on the topic was undertaken, enabling the significant effects and key parameters to be identified. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling was then undertaken for a typical chlorine release within arrays of varying geometry. The results obtained from CFD were used for the development of a series of flow charts to guide the selection of appropriate modelling choices when conducting risk analysis.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2003. viii, 55p. Illus. 51 ref. Price: GBP 25.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr064.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-820 Technical guide for the assessment and prevention of hazards due to chemical agents at the workplace [Spain]
Guía técnica para la evaluación y prevención de los riesgos presentes en los lugares de trabajo relacionados con agentes químicos [in Spanish]
This guide is aimed at helping managers and OSH specialists in interpreting and implementing the provisions of the Royal Decree 374/2001 concerning the safety and health protection of workers against chemical agents at work (see CIS 01-964), and more particularly the provisions concerning the assessment of health hazards and the corresponding preventive measures.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2003. 134p. Illus. 35 ref. Price: EUR 3.13.
http://www.mtas.es/insht/practice/g_AQ.htm [in Spanish]

CIS 03-706 Social workers
Trabajadores sociales [in Spanish]
This guide in the form of check lists describes potential hazards involved in social work and the main corresponding prevention elements. Contents: workplaces and equipment; electrical hazards; harmful chemicals; physical hazards (noise); biological agents; fires and explosions; workplace design; psychosocial factors; other risk factors; legislation; risk assessment methods.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2003. 51p. Illus. 32 ref.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_026.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 03-705 Funeral services
Funerarias [in Spanish]
This guide in the form of check lists of potential hazards in funeral services and the main corresponding prevention elements is aimed at managers of small enterprises. Contents: workplaces and equipment; electrical hazards; harmful chemicals; biological agents; fires and explosions; workplace design; psychosocial and organizational factors; other risk factors; legislation; risk assessment methods.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2003. 43p. Illus. 29 ref.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_028.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 03-695 Mechanical forestry work
Explotación forestal mecánica [in Spanish]
This guide in the form of check lists of potential hazards in mechanical forestry work and the main corresponding prevention elements is aimed at managers of small enterprises. Contents: machines and equipment; electrical hazards; physical hazards (noise and vibration); harmful chemicals; fires hazards; workplace design; human and organizational factors; other risk factors; legislation; risk assessment methods.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2003. 53p. Illus. 23 ref.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_027.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 03-699 Laying of floor covering
Recubrimiento de suelos [in Spanish]
This guide in the form of check lists of potential hazards that exist in the laying of all types of floor covering and the main corresponding prevention elements is aimed at managers of small enterprises. Contents: workplaces and equipment; electrical hazards; physical hazards (noise. burns, radiation); harmful chemicals; fires and explosions; workplace design; psychosocial factors; other risk factors; legislation; risk assessment methods.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2003. 53p. Illus. 31 ref.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_029.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 03-329 Derivation of assessment factors for human health risk assessment
The human health risk of chemical substances is generally assessed by extrapolation from heterogeneous animal study data to man. In this report, the extrapolation elements used in the process are reviewed in the context of the most recent relevant data. In cases where appropriate substance-specific information is lacking, guidance is provided on the derivation of possible numerical values to account for the uncertainties in defining a safe dose for humans. Contents: background and scope; elements of extrapolation (establishment of the "no observed adverse effect level" (NOAEL), duration of exposure, route to extrapolation, inter-species and intra-species extrapolation); recommended default assessment factors.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Feb. 2003. 86p. 32 ref.

2002

CIS 08-1408 OSHA Fact Sheet - Asbestos
OSHA Hoja Informativa - Asbesto [in Spanish]
Contents of this information sheet on asbestos: definition; health hazards; exposure risks; OSHA standards; permissible exposure limits; responsibilities of employers with respect to exposure monitoring, restricted areas, limitation of exposure, respiratory protection, protective clothing, hygiene facilities, medical supervision and recordkeeping; sources of additional information.
U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20210, USA, 2002. 2p.
http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_AsbestosFacts/asbestos-factsheet-spanish.pdf [in Spanish]
http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_AsbestosFacts/asbestos-factsheet.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-268 Training course on occupational safety and health (OSH) and hazardous child labour in the informal sector shoe-manufacturing
Binder containing materials distributed to the participants of a training course on hazardous child labour in the informal sector shoe manufacturing held in Bandung, Indonesia, 14-17 October 2002. Organized jointly by the ILO and the International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC), its objective was to raise awareness in occupational safety and health issues. Contents: programme and objectives of the training course (schedule, course description, exercises and participant evaluation); hazardous child work in the footwear industry; hazard identification; participatory action training in the informal sector; work improvement in small enterprises; workplace visits; additional sources of information.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2002. Approx. 200p. Binder containing various course materials.

CIS 07-1350 Pilkington A., Donaldson J., Groat S., Cowie H.A.
Health and Safety Executive
Mapping health hazards and risks across aspects of the construction process
This report reviews the current state of knowledge of occupational health issues within a sample of companies from the construction industry in the United Kingdom, and evaluates the feasibility of applying the COSHH Essentials approach (CIS 00-675) in the construction industry. It also considers a structured approach to mapping health hazards across the construction process. The survey included twelve companies involved in a range of construction processes. The results of the study indicate that there is a broad range of risks to health associated with the observed construction processes. All of the sites visited had only limited controls in place in relation to the hazards observed. Other findings are discussed.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2002. viii, 95p. 12 ref. Price: GBP 15.00. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/crr_pdf/2002/crr02447.pdf [in English]

CIS 07-1146 Safety in the use of mineral and synthetic fibres
Arabic translation of the working document and report of the Meeting of Experts on Safety in the Use of Mineral and Synthetic Fibres, held in Geneva (Switzerland), 17-25 Apr. 1989 (see CIS 90-1646). The fibres discussed are: 1. man-made mineral fibres (MMMF): continuous filament (glass), insulation wool (glasswool, rockwool, slag wool), refractory fibres (ceramic and others), special-purpose fibres (glass microfibres); 2. natural mineral fibres (other than asbestos): erionite, attapulgite, wollastonite, etc.; 3. synthetic organic fibres (aramid fibres, carbon and graphite fibres, polyolefin fibres, etc.). The characteristics, manufacturing methods, occupational and non-occupational exposure of each type are reviewed. Information on health effects (irritation, respiratory symptoms, fibrosis, cancer) is also reviewed. Other topics: monitoring of airborne dust; preventive and control measures; law and practice in selected countries. In annexes: ILO resolution (1986) concerning health risks of occupational exposure to fibres; report of the meeting; list of participants.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2002. 122p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 07-1145 Safety in the use of mineral and synthetic fibres
Arabic translation of the working document and report of the Meeting of Experts on Safety in the Use of Mineral and Synthetic Fibres, held in Geneva (Switzerland), 17-25 Apr. 1989 (see CIS 90-1646). The fibres discussed are: man-made mineral fibres (continuous filament, insulation wool, refractory fibres, special-purpose fibres); natural mineral fibres (other than asbestos); and synthetic organic fibres. The characteristics, manufacturing methods, occupational and non-occupational exposure of each type are reviewed. Information on health effects (irritation, respiratory symptoms, fibrosis, cancer) is also reviewed. Other topics: monitoring of airborne dust; preventive and control measures; law and practice in selected countries. In annexes: ILO resolution (1986) concerning health risks of occupational exposure to fibres; report of the meeting; list of participants.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2002. xiv, 122p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 03-1609 Evaluation of occupational hazards - Principles and practices recommended by CNAMTS, CRAM, CGSS and INRS
Evaluation des risques professionnels - Principes et pratiques recommandés par la CNAMTS, les CRAM, le CGSS et l'INRS [in French]
The evaluation of occupational hazards is a key step in occupational safety and health. Published jointly by the occupational safety and health divisions of several French social security agencies, this booklet presents accepted principles and the approach aimed at assisting enterprises in carrying out these evaluations. Contents: definition of occupational hazards; the five principles to be followed; main steps (preparation of the hazard evaluation, hazard identification, hazard classification according to probability criteria, proposed preventive actions).
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Nov. 2002. 8p.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_search_view_view/18BB1BB69BDA667FC1256CD9005070DE/08.06FILE/ed886.pdf [in French]

CIS 03-1614 McCanlies E., Landsittel D.P., Yucesoy B., Vallyathan V., Luster M.L., Sharp D.S.
Significance of genetic information in risk assessment and individual classification using silicosis as a case model
This study addresses how, given a known exposure, genetic information affects the characterization of risk groups. The probability of developing silicosis in a population of coal miners in Turkey was estimated using logistic regression on the basis of lung tissue samples from autopsy. This probability was then used to construct predicted risk deciles, first for a model with occupational exposure only, and later for a model containing occupational exposure and genetic main effects and interactions. The results indicate that genetic information plays a valuable role in effectively characterizing risk groups and mechanisms of diseases in a substantial proportion of the population. However, in the case of fibrotic lung disease caused by silica exposure, information about the presence or absence of the minor variants of interleukin-1α, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tumour necrosis factor-α is unlikely to be a useful tool for individual classification.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, June 2002, vol.46, No.4, p.375-381. Illus. 21 ref.

CIS 03-1963 Laraqui C.H., Mounassif M.
Société marocaine d'hygiène, de sécurité et de santé au travail
Ergonomics and environmental measurement - Proceedings of the 4th National Congress of the Moroccan Society of Occupational Hygiene, Safety and Health
Ergonomie & métrologie des ambiances: Actes du 4ème Congrès national de la société marocaine d'hygiène, de sécurité et de santé au travail [in French]
Proceedings of a Congress on Ergonomics and Environmental Measurement, held in Casablanca, Morocco, 2-3 Nov. 2002. Topics covered in the Congress: from danger to risk; thermal environments; measurement of the climatic environment; the acoustic environment in the workplace; visual workload and lighting; vibration; physical workload in the workplace; mental workload in the workplace; evaluation of chemical hazards; biotoxicology - metabolism and enzymes; work on display screens; electrical hazards; ionizing radiation; work under hyperbaric conditions; hazards of lasers, and of ultraviolet and infrared radiation; electromagnetic fields and waves and occupational health; the role of anthropometry in ergonomics.
Dar Karaouines, Casablanca, Morocco, 2002. 278p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 03-1320 Lee G.W.
Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute
Development of hazard evaluation techniques for laboratories
Sil heomsil ei wihum sung pyoung ga kibup gae bal [in Korean]
This report presents the results of research on methods for checking and controlling potential hazards due to chemicals in laboratories, and for developing hazard evaluation techniques. The approach was based on case studies addressing the following aspects of the project: supply of information on the potential hazards of chemicals; laboratory tasks requiring the use of personal protective equipment; hazard evaluation methods; development of laboratory safety and health check lists to verify hazards; development of evaluation sheets and hazard evaluation criteria; presentation of the laboratory hazards evaluation methodology; further case studies.
Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, 34-4 Gu-san dong, Bupyung gu, Inchon 403-711, Republic of Korea, 2002. 100p. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 03-1168 Ponnet L., Van de Laer M., Lamotte J.M., Van Emelen J., Georges A.
Risk analysis
L'analyse des risques [in French]
De risicoanalyse [in Dutch]
This booklet addresses the issue of risk assessment and its use in identifying prevention measures. It consists of a guide enabling responsible persons to compile the risk profile of the enterprise. Contents: introduction to the dynamic system of risk assessment; analytical methods; classification and ranking methods; risk assessment; evaluation of the dynamic system of risk assessment; roles and responsibilities of persons involved in the dynamic system of risk assessment; general conclusions; practical case study: fire hazards in SMEs.
Federaal Ministerie van Tewerkstelling en Arbeid, Belliardstraat 51, 1040 Brussel, Belgium, Oct. 2002. 60p. Illus.
http://www.meta.fgov.be/pdf/pd/frdd41.pdf [in French]
http://www.meta.fgov.be/pdf/pd/nldd41.pdf [in Dutch]

CIS 03-1260
Health and Safety Executive
Priorities for health and safety in the glass industries
This information sheet identifies the major causes of accidents and ill health in the glass industries and contains information enabling employers to carry out a risk assessment, identify priorities for action and benchmark their safety and health performance with that of the rest of the industry. Contents: revitalizing health and safety in the glass industry; main causes of injury; significant accident factors and priorities for action; ill health factors and priorities for action.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Oct. 2002. 4p. Illus. 7 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/gis1.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-812 Tijssen S.C.H.A., Links I.H.M.
Health and Safety Executive
Ways for SMEs to assess and control risks from hazardous substances - Report of an international workshop held on 26 & 27 November 2001
Many companies pay little attention to assessing exposure to chemicals and to the control of risks. This is specially true of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). In November 2001, a workshop entitled "Finding ways to help small and medium sized firms assess and manage the risks from hazardous substances" was organized in The Hague (The Netherlands) to share information on tools for assessment and control. There was a broad consensus among participants of several European institutes involved in this field regarding tools suited to SMEs: they need simple tools with explanations in plain language; tools should have a sound scientific basis; computer-based tools are worth developing since more and more workplaces have Internet access; since many tools use the data of safety data sheets as a starting point, they should be as accurate as possible. Several actions were agreed on in order to take these ideas forward.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2002. vi, 16p. Price: GBP 10.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr014.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-572 Mvududu J.C.
Hazard identification and risk management - A strategic tool for marketing health and safety in industry
Hazard identification and risk assessment activities are key aspects of the successful implementation of a safety, health and environmental management system. Contents of this review article on hazard identification and risk management: definitions of hazard identification and risk assessment; distinctions between risk, hazard and danger; risk assessment principles; understanding risk assessment; outline of the risk assessment programme implemented by a mining and smelting industrial group.
On Guard, Mar. 2002, Vol.7, No.1, p.9-16. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 03-709
Health and Safety Executive
The event safety guide - A guide to health, safety and welfare at music and similar events
Contents of this guide to health, safety and welfare at music concerts: planning and management; venue and site design; fire safety; emergency planning; communication; crowd management; transport management; structures; barriers; electrical installations and lighting; food, drinks and water; merchandising and special licensing (for example for tattooing, body piercing, etc.); amusements, attractions and promotional displays; sanitary facilities; waste management; noise and vibration; special effects, fireworks and pyrotechnics; camping; people with special needs; medical, ambulance and first-air management; information and welfare; children; performers; TV and media; stadium music events; arena events; large events; small events; classical music events; unfenced or unticketted events; all-night musical events; unlicensed events; health and safety responsibilities.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 2002. vi, 218p. Illus. 163 ref. Index. Price: GBP 20.00.

CIS 03-589 Malchaire J.
Identification of risks in occupational settings through the participation of workers - DEPARIS approach
DEpistage PArticipatif des RISques dans une situation de travail - Méthode DEPARIS [in French]
This article describes an approach for the identification of hazards suited for small enterprises, involving the participation of workers. The working conditions are systematically reviewed and all aspects influencing the ease, efficiency and satisfaction at work are discussed with the aim of identifying practical prevention measures. Points needing further investigation with the assistance of specialists or experts are highlighted. The procedure is followed during a meeting of key operators and technical managers. The approach is shown to be simple, quick to implement and low in cost. It could play a significant role in the development of a dynamic risk management programme and a participatory culture in the enterprise.
Médecine du travail & Ergonomie / Arbeidsgezondheitszorg & Ergonomie, 2002, Vol.XXXIX, No.4, p.149-167. 22 ref.

CIS 03-821 Guidance on evaluation of reproductive toxicity data
This monograph provides guidance in the form of a structured approach for the interpretation of reproductive toxicity data. The approach is illustrated through the use of examples from several fertility and developmental toxicity studies. The possible role of maternal toxicity in the interpretation of the study findings is also taken into account. Contents: overview of the reproductive process; review of test guidelines; effects on embryo-foetal development; effects on fertility and reproduction; structured approach to evaluation of reproductive toxicity data. Appendices include: test guideline comparison; summary data sets for example substances.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Feb. 2002. 136p. Illus. 87 ref. Price : EUR 50.00.

CIS 03-356 Scientific principles for soil hazard assessment of substances
Compared to atmospheric or water biotopes, soil is extremely heterogeneous, varying in mineral and organic matter content and sizes of particles, aggregates, pores and micropores. It also contains air and water. This creates a wide spectrum of environmental conditions which influence substances in a number of ways, including their bioavailability. There are as yet no criteria for a classification scheme of substances that are toxic to organisms in the soil. This report discusses scientific principles which could be used as a basis for such a classification scheme. Contents: introduction and objectives; identification of the main drivers (toxicity and bioavailability); measurement of terrestrial effects; estimation of terrestrial effects; identification of modifying factors (long-term effects, biodegradation, abiotic degradation, volatilization, leaching), summary and conclusions.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, July 2002. 47p. Illus. 61 ref. Price: EUR 125.00 (for non-ECETOC members).

CIS 03-106
Health and Safety Executive
Working safely with metalworking fluids
Metalworking fluids are used to cool and lubricate the machining activity, prolong the life of the tool, carry away debris and protect the surfaces of the workpieces. Risks to health from these substances can occur in cases of inhalation of excessive mists and vapour, from repeated skin contact or from fluid contamination by bacteria. This guidance was developed in order to help users of metalworking fluids manage the risks to their health from working with these materials. Contents of the good practice manual: metalworking fluids (description, risks to health, legal requirements, planning for health risk management, working with fluid and equipment suppliers) managing the health risks (fluid management, controlling the risk of dermatitis, controlling inhalation exposure, personal protective equipment); monitoring exposure; health surveillance; training. Appendices include a monitoring chart for sump fluid condition and control sheets. The manual is part of a pack which also includes a booklet summarizing guidance of the good practice manual, safety information sheets and a wallchart.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2002. Pack contains: good practice manual entitled Working safely with metalworking fluids (HSG231, vi, 54p. Illus. 18 ref.); 8 information sheets on working safely with metalworking fluids; booklet entitled Working safety with metalworking fluids - A guide for employees (HSG365, 8p., Illus. 3 ref.); wallchart entitled Working safely with metalworking fluids. Price: GBP 17.50.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg365.pdfINDG365 [in English]

CIS 03-442
Health and Safety Commission
Legionnaires' disease - The control of legionella bacteria in water systems
This approved code of practice and guidance replaces two separate documents: the 1995 edition of the code of practice (CIS 95-1523) and the technical guidance HSG70. It also takes into account recent technical developments and alternative strategies for controlling risks of legionellosis and limiting exposure to legionella. Contents: scope and application; identification and assessment of the risk; management responsibilities, training and competence; preventing or controlling the risk of exposure to legionella; record-keeping; responsibilities of manufacturers, importers, suppliers and installers; cooling systems and hot and cold water services (design and construction, management; treatment programmes; monitoring; cleaning and disinfection).
HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 3rd ed., 2002. vi, 62p. lllus. 21 ref. Price: GBP 8.00.

CIS 03-340
World Health Organization (WHO)
IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans - Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene
The following substances are evaluated in this publication with respect to their carcinogenicity in humans: some herbal medicines (aristolochia species and aristolochic acids; rubia tinctorum, morinda officinalis and anthraquinones; senecio species and riddelliine); some mycotoxins (aflatoxins and fumonisin B1); naphthalene; styrene. Herbal remedies containing plant species of the genus aristolochia and naturally occurring mixtures of aflatoxins are classified in group 1 (carcinogenic in humans); naturally-occurring mixtures of aristolochic acids are classified in group 2A (probably carcinogenic in humans); laxatives containing anthraquinone derivatives, riddelliine, naturally-occurring mixtures of fumonisin B1, naphthalene and styrene are classified in group 2B (possibly carcinogenic in humans); madder root (rubia tinctorum) is classified in group 3 (cannot be classified as to its carcinogenicity in humans).
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France 2002. vi, 590p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 40.00.

CIS 03-212 Durand E., Lafon D.
Occupational health services and hazard evaluation in small enterprises
Les services de santé au travail et l'évaluation des risques dans les petites entreprises [in French]
The publication of the Decree of 5 November 2001 concerning the creation of a document on the evaluation of hazards for the safety and health of workers (see CIS 01-1278) provided an opportunity for renewed discussions on the topic. This article consists of a review of presentations made during a symposium held on 6 June 2002 in Lyon, France organized by INRS together with the French occupational health insurance institution for the Rhône-Alpes region. Its purpose was to exchange views on the specific details concerning the involvement of occupational health services in evaluating hazards in small enterprises. Evaluations made by occupational health physicians in support of actions undertaken by employers were reviewed with reference to the regulatory framework. Occupational health services presented actions already undertaken or under way in small enterprises, and the occupational safety and health branch of the French social security administration presented the possible forms of collaboration with it's services.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd Quarter 2002, No.91, p.283-295. Illus.

CIS 03-488 Schaufeli W.B., Salanova M.L.
How to evaluate psychosocial risks at work
¿Cómo evaluar los riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo? [in Spanish]
Various instruments and methods developed in the Netherlands for evaluating psychosocial risks due to stress are presented. They include: check lists that evaluate the conditions of work and social and professional relationships at work; the WEBA approach (description of the workplace and its evaluation by an expert); self-administered questionnaires on stress factors, work organization and social relationships; psychophysiological measurements (Stressomat, a method of measuring cardiovascular and respiratory reactions induced by stress); the analysis, by the employer, of administration data (absenteeism, work incapacity, hazard evaluation, identification of psychosocial factors, identification of groups at risk) and the presentation of a report to employee representatives. A brief overview of literature and of current research on this topic in Spain is also included.
Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2002, No.20, p.4-9. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 03-285 Durand E., Ganem Y., Leprince A.
Evaluation of chemical hazards and taking OSH into account during the design phase of work tools
Evaluation du risque chimique et intégration de la prévention dès la conception des outils de travail [in French]
To discuss the issues of chemical hazards and the integration of safety aspects during the design phase, the French National Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS) invited interested parties to a workshop held on 1-2 July 2002 in Nancy, France. The objectives of the workshop were to present available solutions, to build the inventory of problems that need to be addressed and to explore pathways for future action. This article is a review of the papers presented at this workshop, grouped under the topics of hazard evaluation and the integration of prevention during design.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 4th Quarter 2002, No.92, p.403-416.

CIS 03-283 Pillière F.
Endocrine disruptors and occupational hazards
Perturbateurs endocriniens et risques professionnels [in French]
The theory whereby substances may interfere with the endocrine system has its roots in environmental observations made for several years, such as reproductive anomalies in fish or mollusks (in particular sex alterations in fish in polluted rivers) or changes in the productivity of ecosystems. Effects on human health, such as the deterioration of sperm quality in certain agricultural regions, have also been reported for some time. So far, studies have mainly focussed on reproductive and thyroid effects, very few studies concerning other organs of the endocrine system being available. This review article presents a synthesis of current knowledge of the effects of endocrine disruptors following occupational exposures. Contents: introduction; human effects; occupational hazards; effects of certain classes of chemicals (pesticides, metals, solvents, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls); labelling; hazard evaluation; dissemination of information.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 4th Quarter 2002, No.92, p.337-352. 15 ref.

CIS 03-370 Pasman H.J.
A selection of papers from the 10th Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries, Stockholm, Sweden, June 19-21, 2001
This special issue consists of a selection of papers presented at the 10th Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in The Process Industries held in Stockholm, Sweden, 19-21 June 2001. Contents: framework risk assessment and decision-making strategies in dangerous goods transportation; choosing between safety, health and the environment; technological disaster, crisis management and leadership stress; site selection and building of biosafety level 4 laboratories; experimental aerosol and rain-out fraction assessment in the event of an accidental release of a pressurized liquid; investment appraisal using quantitative risk analysis; relation of cool flames and auto-ignition phenomena to process safety at elevated pressure and temperature; investigation into the explosive boiling potential of thermally stratified liquid-liquid systems; auto-ignition hazard of gas mixtures in a urea plant; auto-catalytic decomposition reactions, hazards and detection; case studies of serous accidents in metal refining plants.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, July 2002, Vol.93, No.1. p.ix-x, 1-154 (whole issue). Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 03-83 Health hazard evaluation program
Programa de evaluación de los peligros para la salud [in Spanish]
A health hazard evaluation (HHE) is an evaluation of possible hazards at a workplace. These booklets aimed at employees, employees' representatives and employers give basic guidance on the NIOSH health hazard evaluation programme. Main topics covered: definition and purpose of HHEs; persons or organizations empowered to request an HHE; steps of the HHE procedure; confidentiality of data; reporting of HHE results; form for requesting an HHE. The documents are also available in English (see CIS 01-440).
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, July 2002. 12p. +11p. (2 booklets).

CIS 03-328 Recognition of, and differentiation between, adverse and non-adverse effects in toxicology studies
One of the most important quantitative outputs from toxicity studies is the identification of the highest exposure level that does not cause adverse effects to human health. This report reviews the criteria that could be used to guide the consistent interpretation of toxicity studies, and in particular the differentiation between adverse and non-adverse effects. Contents: background and scope; definitions and approaches; interpretation of toxicological data; consequences of using the "no observed effect level" (NOEL) and "no observed adverse effect level" (NOAEL) approaches in risk assessment; conclusions, including a proposed set of coherent definitions.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte. 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Dec. 2002. 56p. 46 ref.

CIS 02-1874 Franks A., Whitehead R., Crossthwaite P., Smail L.
Health and Safety Executive
Application of QRA in operational safety issues
The Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 1999, or COMAH (see CIS 00-24) came into force in Great Britain in April 1999. Under these regulations, every operator is to take all measures necessary to prevent major accidents and limit their consequences to persons and the environment. This general duty is consistent with the principle of reducing risks to a level that is "as low as reasonably practicable" (ALARP). This study has performed research into the use of risk in Health and Safety Executive's (HSE) operational decisions in the context of the COMAH regulations. The research focussed on the use of regulatory guidance, risk matrices and quantitative analysis (QRA) to demonstrate compliance with the ALARP principle. Each approach has its strengths and weaknesses, for any particular situation. Cost benefit analysis (CBA) when used in conjunction with QRA is able to provide an economic justification as to whether risk reduction measures should be implemented.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2002. vi, 88p. Illus. 15 ref. Price: GBP 15.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr025.pdf [in English]

CIS 02-1994 Johnson R., Hughes G
Health and Safety Executive
Evaluation report on OTO 1999/092 - Human factors assessment of safety critical tasks
This report describes an assessment of safety critical tasks for the development of the Leadon field, which uses a purpose-built FPSO (Floating Production, Storage and Offloading) offshore platform. It constitutes the first step in a joint industry project to evaluate the methodology presented in offshore technology report OTO 1999/092, "Human factors assessment of safety critical tasks". Among the aspects considered: usability of the methodology; benefits of its use; typical costs to implement; modifications to the methodology; opportunities for further development. It concludes that this tool has many applications for both onshore and offshore installations, including maintenance activities, safety related critical roles and occupational health and safety.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2002. vi, 25p. Illus. 3 ref. Price: GBP 10.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr033.pdf [in English]

CIS 02-1869 Munns P.A., Luong Y., Rew P.J.
Health and Safety Executive
Fire risk assessment for workplaces containing flammable substances
This study was undertaken with the purpose of assessing the effectiveness of current United Kingdom guidance relating to the control of fire hazards in workplaces containing flammable substances. Data relating to fires involving flammable substances (excluding offshore, mining, waste and transport accidents) were gathered and assessed with respect to the effectiveness of guidance in reducing fire risk. A method for a risk-based assessment of the fire safety within workplaces containing flammable substances was developed, its purpose being to enable high-risk buildings or processes to be identified and to rank the workplace with respect to risk.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2002. iv, 59p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: GBP 15.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr040.pdf [in English]

CIS 02-1559
Health and Safety Executive
n-Propyl bromide - Hazard assessment document
There are no data on the effects of human exposures to n-propyl bromide. Available data are from experiments on rats. Target organs are the lungs (inflammation) and the central nervous system (depression). N-propyl bromide is a skin irritant. The most severe neurotoxic effects following prolonged inhalation appear in the form of histopathological lesions of the brain and peripheral nerves, a paralysis of the lower extremities and a decrease in nerve conduction speed. Spermatogenic inhibition has also been demonstrated.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2002. iv, 40p. 38 ref. Price: GBP 7.50.

CIS 02-1638 Methods and support tools for the analysis and management of occupational hazards
Méthodes et supports d'analyse et de gestion des risques professionnels - Document technique [in French]
Working documents of the 4th Regional Forum of Hygiene and Safety held from 5 to 9 August 2002 in Cotonou, Benin, on the topic of methods and supporting tools for the analysis and management of occupational hazards. It includes speakers' presentations on the following topics: methods for analysing occupational hazards; general strategy for the prevention of occupational hazards; methods and tools for analysing occupational hazards; job study at a forge in Benin; prevention approach.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2002. 110p. Illus.

CIS 02-1607 Mori K., Takebayashi T.
The introduction of an occupational health management system for solving issues in occupational health activities in Japan
The "Five Management system" (FMS) used until now in Japan to manage occupational health activities does not show the interactions among the listed activities. Nor is it clear how this system contributes to the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) cycle for continual improvement. The items listed in the FMS were compared to the guidelines of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) from the International Labour Office and issues that should be solved for occupational health activities with OSHMS were clarified. Seven issues are discussed in this paper: occupational safety and health policy and audit that can drive the PDCA cycle effectively; reclassification of occupational health activities with several different objectives; defining targets; risk assessment methods that can prioritize health risks compared to safety risks; exposure assessment methods for risk assessment; flexibility of laws and regulations; development of talented professionals for occupational health activities.
Industrial Health, Apr. 2002, Vol.40, No.2, p.167-174. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 02-1606 Kogi K.
Work improvement and occupational safety and health management systems: Common features and research needs
This review article discusses the experiences of various Asian countries with respect to the implementation of occupational safety and health management systems. Examples are provided from recent work improvement projects dealing with technology transfer, small workplaces and rural areas. These experiences clearly show that locally adjusted procedures for risk assessment and control must be developed. Research is needed to find effective ways of encouraging voluntary control at the workplace, practical methods for local risk assessment and the types of participatory steps leading to continual improvements in the local context.
Industrial Health, Apr. 2002, Vol.40, No.2, p.121-133. Illus. 50 ref.

CIS 02-1605 Luczak H., Cernavin O., Scheuch K., Sonntag K.
Trends of research and practice in "occupational risk prevention" as seen in Germany
This article discusses occupational risk prevention (ORP) in Germany. Hypotheses and scenarios of future developments in ORP and ORP research were derived based on an analysis of past events, on the content and process of research projects in the German program on the humanization of work, on literature analysis and expert interviews. 19 anamnesis-to-diagnosis relationships were formulated, concentrating on the following areas: innovation potential and value systems of ORP research; fields and topics of future ORP research; service-oriented systems of ORP participants; demands and limits for technology transfer. Recommendations with respect to future ORP developments were made based on the creative potential of the ORP community in Germany.
Industrial Health, Apr. 2002, Vol.40, No.2, p.74-100. Illus. 66 ref.

CIS 02-1768 Rojas Labiano J.M.
Method of work in confined spaces
Procedimiento de trabajo para la intervención en espacios confinados [in Spanish]
When required to work in confined spaces, operators need specific procedures that define the preventive measures to be adopted against the hazards that are inherent to this kind of work. This article proposes an approach for developing and implementing these work procedures that comprises the following steps: preliminary information on the confined area; identification of the general hazards related to the area layout and to hazardous atmospheres; evaluation of the identified hazards; planning the preventive measures (alternatives to work in confined spaces, methods enabling a reduction in the time spent in the confined space, basic prevention standards to be applied for work in confined spaces, collective and personal protection, control of the hazards related to dangerous atmospheres, emergency planning); writing-up of the working procedure document; control and follow-up.
Mapfre seguridad, 2nd Quarter 2002, Vol.22, No.86, p.3-17. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 02-1569 Paper, glass and plastic recycling plants
Plantas de reciclado: papel, vidrio y plástico [in Spanish]
This guide in the form of check lists of potential hazards in paper, glass and plastic recycling plants and the main corresponding prevention measures is aimed at managers of small enterprises. Contents: workplaces and equipment; electrical hazards; physical hazards; harmful chemicals; biological agents; fires and explosions; workplace design; work organization; legislation; risk assessment method.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2002. 37p. Illus.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_023.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 02-1572 Bicycle and motorcycle sales and repair shops
Comercio y talleres de bicicletas y motocicletas [in Spanish]
This guide in the form of check lists of potential hazards in bicycle and motorcycle sales and repair shops and the main corresponding prevention measures is aimed at managers of small enterprises. Contents: workplaces and equipment; electrical hazards; physical hazards; harmful chemicals; biological agents; fires and explosions; workplace design; work organization; legislation; risk assessment method.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2002. 51p. Illus.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_025.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 02-1575 Road passenger transport
Transporte de personas [in Spanish]
This guide in the form of check lists of potential hazards in road passenger transport (loading, driving and issuing tickets) and the main corresponding prevention measures is aimed at managers of small enterprises. Contents: workplaces and equipment; electrical hazards; physical hazards; harmful chemicals; biological agents; fires and explosions; workplace design; work organization; legislation; risk assessment method.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2002. 51p. Illus.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_020.pdf [in Spanish]

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