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Ergonomics - 2,432 entries found

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  • Ergonomics

2007

CIS 09-1265 Violante F.S., Armstrong T.J., Fiorentini C., Graziosi F., Risi A., Venturi S., Curti S., Zanardi F., Cooke R.M.T., Bonfiglioli R., Mattioli S.
Carpal-tunnel syndrome and manual work: A longitudinal study
The objective of this study was to assess the risks associated with work-related biomechanical overloads in the onset and development of carpal tunnel syndrome. Work-groups with job tasks spanning various biomechanical exposures were evaluated at two instances 12 months apart using the criteria recommended by the ACGIH. Data were subjected to logistic regression analyses. Findings are discussed.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 2007, Vol.49, No.11, p.1189-1196. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 09-604 Zecchi G.
Concerted action as an effective approach in applying the provisions of Legislative Decree 626/94 on musculoskeletal risks and disorders in dairies producing Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese: The experience of Reggio Emilia
La scelta della concertazione come approccio efficace nell'applicazione del D.Lgs. 626/94 in tema di rischi e danni muscoloscheletrici nei caseifici del Parmigiano-Reggiano: l'esperienza di Reggio Emilia [in Italian]
The dairy industry associated with the production of Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese currently comprises about 130 companies employing around 1000 workers. Most enterprises are small and use traditional methods of production involving much manual handling. The objective of this survey was to evaluate the validity and effectiveness of a concerted ergonomics approach in this sector as a means of satisfying the requirements of Italian legislation on the prevention of musculoskeletal risks. Findings are discussed. While technological evolution in the last decade has provided new and useful tools for eliminating or limiting risk factors, these aids are still poorly distributed, especially in small businesses.
Prevenzione oggi, 3rd quarter 2007, Vol.3, No.3, p.5-21. Illus. 10 ref.
http://prevenzioneoggi.ispesl.it/pdf%5Cric2007_03_1_it.pdf [in Italian]
http://prevenzioneoggi.ispesl.it/pdf%5Cric2007_03_1_en.pdf [in English]

CIS 09-468 Boocock M.G., McNair P.J., Larmer P.J., Armstrong B., Collier J., Simmonds M., Garrett N.
Interventions for the prevention and management of neck/upper extremity musculoskeletal conditions: A systematic review
The aim of this literature study was to evaluate the findings of ergonomic interventions for neck and upper extremity conditions undertaken between 1999 and 2004, and to compare these results with those of previous reviews. Studies were categorized into subgroups depending on the type of intervention. A total of 31 intervention studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings support the use of some approaches for preventing and managing neck and upper extremity musculoskeletal conditions and fibromyalgia. However, evidence to support the benefits of production method and organizational interventions was lacking. This review identified no single-dimensional or multi-dimensional strategy for intervention that was considered effective across occupational settings.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2007, Vol.64, No.5, p.291-303. Illus. 49 ref.

CIS 09-208 Jorgensen M.J., Kittusamy N.K., Aedla P.B.
Repeatability of a checklist for evaluating cab design characteristics of heavy mobile equipment
This study assessed the repeatability of a cab design checklist developed to verify various characteristics that can influence exposure to risk factors for musculoskeletal discomfort. The ability of the checklist to identify posture-related deficiencies of design was also assessed. The checklist was used by two administrators across 10 pieces of heavy construction equipment. Video analysis was performed to quantify postures of the neck, shoulder, and trunk; correlation analysis was used to determine whether specific questions from the checklist were associated with the identification of awkward postures. The repeatability assessment resulted in kappa coefficients ranging from 0.52 to 1.0 (good-to-excellent reproducibility) across each piece of equipment, and an overall kappa coefficient of 0.77 (excellent reproducibility) when considering all equipment together.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Dec. 2007, Vol.4, No.12, p.913-922. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 09-189 Richez J.P., Ravallec C.
Focus - Logistics warehouses
Focus - Entrepôts logistiques [in French]
Collection of two sets of articles on logistics warehouses. The first set discusses the economic and social aspects of this sector by means of reports that highlight model installations and experiences gained; the second is more particularly focussed on the occupational safety and health measures implemented in logistics warehouses in the Ile-de-France region, in order to manage the risks related to manual handling.
Travail et sécurité, Oct. 2007, No.677, p.32-38. Illus. 2 ref; Nov. 2007, No.678, p.30-35. Illus.
http://www.travail-et-securite.fr/ArchivesTS/archivests.nsf/(allDocParRef)/TS677page32_1/$File/TS677page32.pdf?OpenElement [in French]
http://www.travail-et-securite.fr/ArchivesTS/archivests.nsf/(allDocParRef)/TS678page30_1/$File/TS678page30.pdf?OpenElement [in French]

CIS 08-1471 Peate W.F., Bates G., Lunda K., Francis S., Bellamy K.
Core strength: A new model for injury prediction and prevention
Many workers work in injury-prone awkward positions that require adequate flexibility and strength in trunk stabilizer muscle groups. Performance on a functional movement screen (FMS) that assessed those factors was conducted and an intervention was designed. A battery of FMS tests were performed on 433 firefighters. The correlations between FMS performance and injuries were analyzed. Further, an intervention to improve flexibility and strength in trunk stabilizer muscle groups through a training programme was evaluated. The intervention reduced lost time due to injuries by 62% and the number of injuries by 42% over a twelve month period as compared to earlier levels. These findings suggest that strength and functional movement enhancement programs to prevent injuries among workers whose work involves awkward positions is warranted.
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Apr. 2007, Vol.2, No.3, 9p. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 08-1232 Shaw K., Haslam C., Haslam R.
Health and Safety Executive
A staged approach to reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the workplace - A long term follow-up
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) remain the most common form of occupational ill-health in the United Kingdom. An earlier project had involved developing and evaluating an innovative approach to reducing MSDs. Twenty-four interventions had been monitored within a variety of organizations for up to six months. This report describes a project aimed at validating this approach over longer periods, at 15 months and 20 months post-intervention, to ascertain whether the improvements seen at six months persist in the longer term. The results show that the benefits in behaviour change and symptom reduction persist over a longer period of follow-up.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2007. viii, 65p. Illus. 23 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr545.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-1065 Kovács L., Kákosy J.T., Vasas I.
Upper limb disorders caused by excessive physical strain among seat upholsterers
Erkrankungen der oberen Gliedmaßen durch Überbeanspruchung bei Fahrzeugpolsterern [in German]
Affections des membres supérieurs dues aux efforts physiques chez les selliers [in French]
Trastornos de las extremidades superiores en tapiceros causados por una tensión física excesiva [in Spanish]
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the most common of all reported work-related health problems in the European Union. This article describes an ergonomic intervention at an automobile upholstery manufacturer in Hungary, following frequent cases of upper-limb MSDs, found to be due to excessive physical strain of the wrist. Prevention measures involving a change in technology and in work organization as well as the use of tools to reduce the physical strain have resulted in no new incidences of disorders due to excessive efforts of the upper limbs.
Magazine - European Agency for Safety and Health at Work / Agence européenne pour la sécurité et la santé au travail, 2007, No.10, p.28-30. Illus. 10 ref.
http://osha.europa.eu/de/publications/magazine/10 [in German]
http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/magazine/10 [in English]
http://osha.europa.eu/es/publications/magazine/10 [in Spanish]
http://osha.europa.eu/fr/publications/magazine/10 [in French]

CIS 08-975 Helin K., Viitaniemi J., Aromaa S., Montonen J, Evilä T., Leino S.P., Määttä T.
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
OSKU digital human model in the participatory design approach - A new tool to improve work tasks and workplaces
The objective of this study was to develop a new digital human model based on a participatory approach, to be used as an evaluation tool concurrently with production design for improving manual work tasks. The tool is built from an expandable database of the main human motions, together with ergonomic analyses. It was validated in the laboratory and in several industrial enterprises, where workers were asked to identify workplace and work task problems, and to suggest alternative solutions to control physical workload and to increase productivity. These postures and motions were analyzed and fed into the database. The tool is still undergoing development.
VTT Information Service, P.O.Box 2000, 02044 VTT, Finland, 2007. 40p. Illus. 37 ref.
http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/workingpapers/2007/W83.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-609 Silverstein M.
Designing the age-friendly workplace
There are growing numbers of older workers at work. The trend toward earlier and earlier retirement seems to have ended, with more workers intending to stay employed, either full or part time, often well past the traditional retirement age. As a result, the number and percentage of older workers will increase for the next 20 years. In the United States, the median age of the civilian labour force is expected to rise from 35 in 1984 to 41.6 by 2014. This article discusses the issues of ageing and working longer, including physical and mental capacity, cognitive performance, experience and motivation. It presents the key aspects of successful programmes for employing older workers, including work environment, work organization, health promotion and social measures.
Occupational Hazards, Dec. 2007, p.29-32. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 08-727 Becker M.
Checkouts with style
Kassen mit Klasse [in German]
In the retail sector, the space available for cashiers to carry out various tasks is limited. The effect of the introduction of bar-code scanners and conveyor belts was to accelerate the flow of products and to increase the monotony of the job. To improve working conditions, experts from the German retail trade association conducted an ergonomic analysis of these workplaces and advised retailers on layouts as a function of the size and type of products, as well as of the other tasks carried out by the cashiers. The experts devised a system aimed at analysing cashiers' work postures, taking into account the moving area, workstation height, grip distance, leg and foot room, and angle of vision. Optimum and maximum dimensions were defined for the work area. It is recommended to allow employees to alternate between sitting and standing work postures.
Arbeit und Gesundheit, 2007, No.12, p.6-8. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 08-724 Brasseur G.
The pink biscuits of Reims - Rationalizing the production equipment
Biscuits roses de Reims - Rationaliser l'outil de production [in French]
This article describes the modifications made to the production line of a biscuit manufacturer in the region of Reims, France. The new line was designed by an architect specialized in the food industry, with a view of rationalizing production while at the same time ensuring the ergonomics and comfort of the employees. The female operators assigned to packaging were reassigned to various operations in order to avoid monotonous work. Other changes involved equipment safety. Nonetheless, the workers had to receive the support of an occupational psychologist for easing the difficulties related to the changes in the work environment.
Travail et sécurité, Dec. 2007, No.679, p.2-9. Illus. 1 ref.

CIS 08-723 Glitsch U., Ottersbach H.J., Ellegast R., Schaub K., Franz G., Jäger M.
Physical workload of flight attendants when pushing and pulling trolleys aboard aircraft
Musculoskeletal loads from moving trolleys aboard aircraft were assessed by observations of trolley handling on aircraft and in a laboratory set up. Trolley handling by 15 female flight attendants was observed on 10 short- and medium-distance flights. Furthermore, 25 selected flight attendants (22 women; three men) from five German airlines took part in the laboratory study, which comprised three-dimensional measurements of posture and hand forces during pushing and pulling of trolleys in a variety of configurations. From the on-flight observations performed, between 150 and 250 trolley movements can be projected for a work shift. The greatest physical workload is to be expected at the beginning of service, when the trolleys are fully laden then and the cabin floor can be inclined up to 8°, as the aircraft is still climbing. In addition, the forces depend significantly on the trolley type, mode of handling and personal dexterity. Other findings are discussed.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2007, Vol.37, p.845-854. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 08-478 Villar M.F., de Arquer I., Gómez-Cano M., González Través C.
Evaluation of MSD risks by external occupational safety and health services
La evaluación de los riesgos de TME por los servicios de prevención ajenos [in Spanish]
This article presents the findings of a survey carried out in Spain among external occupational safety and health (OSH) service providers on the evaluation of ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors of musculoskeletal disease (MSD). Data were collected by means of questionnaires addressed to all accredited OSH service providers in Spain. A total of 74 questionnaires were returned (response rate 12.2%). The scope of the survey included the structure and organization of the OSH service, the type and size of enterprise served, how MSD risks are evaluated (by means of check lists, job studies, questionnaires), and the sectors of activity, types of jobs and other specific aspects. Results are presented in tables.
Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, Oct. 2007, No.44, p.24-29. Illus.

CIS 08-479 Vu-Khanh T., Dolez P., Harrabi L., Lara J., Larivière C., Tremblay G., Nadeau S.
Characterization of the flexibility of protective gloves by mechanical and biomechanical methods
Caractérisation de la souplesse des gants de protection par des méthodes mécaniques et biomécaniques [in French]
Protective gloves help reduce the number and severity of hand injuries, but they often hinder task execution and require increased muscular effort, which explains the reluctance of workers to wear them. A biomechanical test developed in a previous study (see CIS 04-729) demonstrated some potential for characterizing glove flexibility. This study consists of a refinement of the method and the evaluation of its sensitivity using a larger number of gloves. The findings show that it is possible to predict the effects of a rigid glove on muscle function. In addition to providing essentially the same information as tests carried out on human subjects, the mechanical double curvature test is much simpler, requires fewer resources, is less costly, is less subject to variation and is more sensitive to subtle differences in flexibility.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2007. iv, 85p. Illus. 47 ref. + CD-ROM. Price: CAD 9.54. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/R-506.pdf [in French]

CIS 08-471 Cable J.
Don't strain yourself
Safety professionals are aware of the importance of sprains and strains. In 2003 in the United States, overexertion related to lifting, pushing, pulling, carrying or throwing of an object cost employers USD 13.4 billion. According to data from the Bureau of Labour Statistics (BLS) for 2005, construction's lost-days nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rate for sprains and strains (83.1 cases per 10,000 full-time workers) was higher than any other industry sector. BLS data for 2005 also show that construction's overall lost-days nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rate (239.5 cases per 10,000 full-time workers) was higher than that of any other sector. This article explains how an ergonomics programme in the construction industry can help avoid sprains and strains in this sector.
Occupational Hazards, Jan. 2007, p.36-41. Illus.

CIS 08-483 Napo
Napo is an original idea in response to the need for high-quality information products to break down national boundaries and address the diverse cultures, languages and practical needs of people at work. The role of Napo and his friends is to provide an introduction to occupational safety and health through their engaging characters, amusing story lines, humour and light-hearted approach. The videos are: Modern stressful times (on stress on the assembly line); Divide and rule (on managing the lifting of loads); Radical ergonomics; Twist and shout (on body twisting postures at work); No grip (on gripping postures at work); Working height (on the influence of working height on ergonomics); Bad vibrations; The duel (on the need for mechanized solutions to problems of material handling; Think to move (on the need for physical exercise in order to maintain musculoskeletal health); Hold me tight (on correct carrying posture).
NAPO Consortium, info@napofilm.net, 2007. 10 videos in WMF and MPG formats.

CIS 08-425 Garcin M.
Integrating sprinklers in the construction process
Intégrer le sprinkleur dans le processus de construction [in French]
Modern architecture of office, commercial and industrial buildings needs to take account of increasingly-diverse and often conflicting regulatory or contractual requirements. This article presents several parameters that illustrate the need for architects and their teams of building contractors to take into account the integration of sprinkler systems already during the design phase of the project.
Face au risque, Apr. 2007, No.432, p.25-27. Illus.

CIS 08-470 Coune I.
All-out effort against MSDs
Mobilisation contre les TMS [in French]
Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are increasing at the rate of 20% per year. They represent the main cause of sickness absenteeism and an important source of costs, both in terms of compensation and lost productivity. The automotive component sector is particularly exposed because of its just-in-time mode of operation. This article presents some of the practical preventive measures against MSDs adopted by automotive component suppliers, which include: consciousness-raising film; development of a job observation method consisting of analysing repetitive movements and work postures; Hoshin workshops (plan, do, check, correct); reorganization of workplaces; warming-up exercises; computer-generated animation for the visualization of ergonomic problems. In box: reference to French legislation.
Face au risque, Apr. 2007, No.432, p.22-24. Illus.

CIS 08-222 Brasseur G.
Ergonomists in the kitchen
Les ergonomes en cuisine [in French]
Topics addressed in this collection of articles on ergonomic improvements in restaurant kitchens: initiatives resulting from a collaborative project involving employers' and workers' organizations in the French region of Aquitaine; practical examples and accounts of ergonomic improvements implemented in four restaurants located within the region.
Travail et sécurité, May 2007, No.673, p.20-30. Illus. 2 ref.
http://www.travail-et-securite.fr/ArchivesTS/ArchivesTS.nsf/(allDocParRef)/TS673page21_1/$File/TS673page21.pdf?OpenElement [in French]

CIS 08-227 Poy M., Aslanides M., Blanklejder A., Bocchicchio F.
Ministerio de trabajo, empleo y seguridad social
Activities concerning national SMEs in industry and services - A collection of ergonomic recommendations: Simple inexpensive measures
Acciones sobre empresas PyME nacionales de industria y servicios - Repertorio de recomandaciones ergonómicas: medidas sencillas y de bajo costo [in Spanish]
This document presents the finings of an ergonomic evaluation of several SMEs in the manufacturing and services sectors in Argentina. It involved three industrial SMEs, namely a battery manufacturer, a manufacturer of components for trucks and a producer of customized cosmetic products, together with two service sector enterprises, namely a call centre and a fast food restaurant. Findings are discussed and various recommendations are made aimed at minimizing hazards and improving working conditions.
Superintendencia de Riesgos del Trabajo (SRT), Bartolomé Mitre 751, C1036AAM Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2007. 113p. Illus. 41 ref.

CIS 08-21 Signalling
Signalisation [in French]
Contents of these three articles on danger signalling: general principles of signalling panels (intelligibility of the signs, meaning of the colours, effectiveness, light panels, maintenance and power supply, Belgian legislation); installing the signalling (field of vision, panel size, road panels); high visibility clothing (EN 471 standard, Belgian legislation, road work, airport work).
Prevent Focus, June 2007, No.6. p.4-13. Illus.

CIS 08-15 Keeping fit at the office
En forme au bureau [in French]
Fit op kantoor [in Dutch]
Remaining seated all day facing a screen is not a restful activity. Being sedentary is detrimental to physical fitness and furthermore, a prolonged sitting posture favours the onset of muscular and articular pain, circulatory problems, headache and backache. This leaflet presents a few simple exercises that are within the reach of all. It also summarizes a few basic rules for working at screens: proper screen distance, proper seated posture, how to avoid glare, adjusting seats and frequent changes in posture.
Prevent, rue Gachard 88/4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, [ca. 2007]. 4p. Illus.

CIS 08-138 Roth C.
New technologies and the ergonomic risks to users
This article discusses the ergonomic risks from frequent use of hand-held devices such as PDAs and mobile phones with small keyboards requiring the use of "thumbing". Repetitive use of thumbs can cause arthritis or harm tendons. Other problems include visual risks from looking at small screens under poor lighting conditions. It is argued that suitable training provided by employers can contribute towards reducing these risks.
Occupational Hazards, Aug. 2007, Vol.69, No.8, p.30-35. Illus.

CIS 08-220 Schneider S.
The development and field testing on an ergonomic intervention for the preparation of footers in postframe building construction
The objectives of this study were to develop an ergonomic device designed to reduce low back disc compression force for manual material handling tasks in concrete foundation work, to determine the effect of the device on low back compression force, to determine the effect of the device on other work intensity measures such as heart rate and self-reported ratings, and to characterize the mean cycle times associated with the tasks with and without the device. Heart rates were monitored and a force meter was used to measure the peak force required to carry out the various tasks, with and without the intervention device. The main benefit of the device was a reduction in the compression force on lower back vertebra. However, there were little or no benefits with respect to heart rates and use of the device increased the time required for the tasks. Other findings are discussed.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Feb. 2007, Vol.4, No.2, p.D10-D14. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 07-1493 Müller-Arnecke H.W., Bleyer T., Hold U., Macheleidt M., Rademacher U., Windel A.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin
Lifting and carrying aids in rescue work
Hebe- und Tragehilfen im Rettungsdienst [in German]
The lifting and carrying equipment used by personnel working in rescue services was evaluated mainly in simulation tests by examining specific aspects. In collaboration with local rescue services, motion sequences, physical postures, joint angle positions of the hand-arm system during transport on two different courses were examined and various assessment schemes were used and developed further. These evaluations allowed collecting detailed information on motion sequences in both theory and practice. Findings show that there are gaps in information concerning carrying equipment design, focal load points and assessment specifications. Recommendations are made on the design and selection of carrying aids and on assessment methods for their ergonomic evaluation.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 2007. 139p. Illus. 63 ref. Price: EUR 15.00.

CIS 07-1491 Broberg O., Hermund I.
The OHS consultant as a facilitator of learning in workplace design processes: Four explorative case studies of current practice
The objective of this explorative study was to survey current practices of occupational health service (OHS) consultants in Denmark and to put forward recommendations on how to improve the learning aspects of OHS consultancy relating to workplace design. Four OSH consultancy centres were studied by qualitative methods (questionnaires and interviews). It was found that learning takes place when the OHS consultant works across the client's organizational departments and facilitates meetings between actors from different parts of the organization. For both industry and OHS units, it is important to properly understand learning models and to align mutual expectations to the learning aspects of OHS consultancy.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2007, Vol.37, p.810-816. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 07-1487 Shikdar A.A., Al-Kindi M.A.
Office ergonomics: Deficiencies in computer workstation design
The objective of this study was to identify the ergonomic deficiencies in computer workstation design in typical offices. Physical measurements and a questionnaire were used to study 40 workstations. Major ergonomic deficiencies were found in physical design and layout of the workstations, employee postures, work practices, and training, with significant consequences in terms of workers' health. Forty-five percent of the employees used nonadjustable chairs, 48% of computers faced windows, 90% of the employees used computers more than four hours per day, 45% adopted bent and unsupported back postures and 20% used office tables for computers. Major problems reported were eyestrain (58%), shoulder pain (45%), back pain (43%), arm pain (35%), wrist pain (30%) and neck pain (30%). Strategies to reduce or eliminate ergonomic deficiencies in computer workstation design are suggested.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2007, Vol.13, No.2, p.215-223. Illus. 21 ref.

CIS 07-1494 Sillanpää J.
Electromyography for assessing muscular strain in the workplace
This study assesses the use of electromyography (EMG) in ergonomic interventions. A first step involved a literature survey, which formed the basis for the development of theoretical framework. Next, changes in EMG amplitude were evaluated before and after ergonomic interventions for the following work tasks: use of auxiliary handling devices in the construction industry; change in a tool and work method used in upholstered furniture manufacturing; change in work methods in work with a computer mouse; adjustable table for work with a microscope. The results indicate that ergonomic solutions can be found for common musculoskeletal risk factors, and the effect can be confirmed with EMG amplitude analysis.
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, FIOH-Bookstore, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2007. 76p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: EUR 23.00.

2006

CIS 12-0337 Safe manual handling - Construction site
Topics addressed in this leaflet on safe manual handling on construction sites giving tips for back protection: redesigning the load; redesigning the procedure; mechanical aids; housekeeping.
Occupational Safety and Health Council, 19/F China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong, 2006. 5p. Illus.
Safe_manual_handling_Construction_site_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [in English]

CIS 12-0184 Safe manual handling - Back care
Topics addressed in this leaflet on back care during manual handing tasks: function and structure of the spine; inter-vertebral discs; causes of back injuries; safe working methods and postures.
Occupational Safety and Health Council, 19/F China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong, 2006. 5p. Illus.
Safe_manual_handling_Back_care_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [in English]

CIS 12-0336 Safe manual handling - Retail industry
This leaflet on safe manual handling in the retail sector addresses safe work postures and workloads, and the use of mechanical aids and fork-lift trucks.
Occupational Safety and Health Council, 19/F China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong, 2006. 5p. Illus.
Safe_manual_handling_Retail_industry_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [in English]

CIS 12-0335 Safe manual handling - Office
This leaflet on safe manual handling in offices addresses safe work postures and workloads, the use of lifting devices, housekeeping and load limitations for pregnant women.
Occupational Safety and Health Council, 19/F China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong, 2006. 5p. Illus.
Safe_manual_handling_Office_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [in English]

CIS 12-0334 Safe manual handling - Hotel service
This leaflet on safe manual handling in hotel services addresses safe work postures in housekeeping, cleaning, baggage handling, restaurant services and waste disposal.
Occupational Safety and Health Council, 19/F China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong, 2006. 5p. Illus.
Safe_manual_handling_Hotel_service_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [in English]

CIS 12-0333 Safe manual handling - Health care services
Topics addressed in this leaflet on safe manual handling in health care services: patient handling, transfer and lifting; other tasks (store room, cleaning, laundry, pharmacy).
Occupational Safety and Health Council, 19/F China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong, 2006. 5p. Illus.
Safe_manual_handling_Health_care_services_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [in English]

CIS 09-616 Blass K.
Initiative Neue Qualität der Arbeit (inqua.de)
Healthy health care practices in pensioners' homes
Gesund Pflegen in der Altenpflege [in German]
This report presents an analysis of work organization and workload among workers of two pensioners' homes. A survey of the workers subsequently enabled implementing measures aimed at reducing their workload.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin , Friedrich-Henkel Weg 1-25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany, 2nd ed., 2006. 96p. 55 ref. Price: EUR 5.00.
http://www.inqa.de/Inqa/Redaktion/TIKs/Gesund-Pflegen/PDF/inqa-bericht-16-iso,property=pdf,bereich=inqa,sprache=de,rwb=true.pdf [in German]

CIS 09-615 Klein B,, Gaugisch P.
Initiative Neue Qualität der Arbeit (inqua.de)
Good work organization in pensioners' homes
Gute Arbeitsgestaltung in der Altenpflege [in German]
This booklet presents the results of a project aimed at using a self-appraisal system for improving working conditions in the sector of care to the elderly. It also shows how it is possible to obtain workers' participation in improving their working conditions.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin , Friedrich-Henkel Weg 1-25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany, 2nd ed., 2006. 70p. Illus. 55 ref. Price: EUR 5.00.
http://www.inqa.de/Inqa/Redaktion/Projekt-Datenbank/PDF/selbstbewertung-als-partizipationsorientierte-und-nachhaltige-methode-abschlussbericht,property=pdf,bereich=inqa,sprache=de,rwb=true.pdf [in German]

CIS 08-1228 Höhn K., Goertz T., Lehder G, Krengel M., Schmauder M.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin
Machinery standardization and ergonomics
Maschinennormung und Ergonomie [in German]
Despite the requirements spelled out in standards and regulations concerning the standardization of products, important differences are still found in the way in which ergonomic aspects are addressed. It was therefore found necessary to develop a method for controlling and improving the compliance of ergonomic requirements within safety standards. This document shows how it is possible to detect shortcomings with respect to ergonomics in standards, using tools specially developed for the purpose and to highlight elements facilitating the taking into account of ergonomic requirements. The method was tested specifically on machinery standards, and its broadening to other products is commented.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 2006. 71p. Illus. 55 ref. Price: EUR 11.00.

CIS 08-1163 Fire service features of buildings and fire protection systems
This booklet explains how fire service operations can be influenced by different building features and offers considerations for design professionals that can help facilitate these operations. It includes sections on building and site design, sprinkler systems, standpipe systems, fire department connections, fire alarm and communications systems, as well as various firefighting systems.
Publications U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20210, USA, 2006. 67p. Illus. 5 ref.
http://www.osha.gov/Publications/fire_features3256.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-1112 Costa Torres C., Abrahão J.I.
Telemarketing activity: Analysis of the sources of pleasure and suffering at work
A atividade de teleatendimento: uma análise das fontes de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho [in Portuguese]
This study investigates how working conditions, work organization, job content and interpersonal relationships contribute to the feelings of pleasure or suffering at work. A first phase consisted of a literature search in ergonomics and labour psychodynamics, which allowed identifying 26 indicators of possible sources of pleasure or suffering at work. A Brazilian pension fund call centre was chosen for testing these indicators in an empirical study. The association between the indicators and the feelings were found to vary from subject to subject for each work-related situation. Findings are discussed.
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 2nd half 2006, Vol.31, No.114, p.113-124. 18 ref.

CIS 08-1109 Peres C.C., Marinho-Silva A., Cavalcante-Fernandes E., Rocha L.E.
A social construction process: An appendix to the Brazilian ergonomic standard for telemarketing operators' work
Uma construção social: o anexo da norma brasileira de ergonomia para o trabalho dos operadores de telemarketing [in Portuguese]
In Brazil, around 550,000 persons are employed in call centres. This article describes an approach aimed at improving working conditions in this sector, based on data on musculoskeletal disease incidence among operators and on requests made by workers' organizations to the Brazilian Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE). Besides inspecting call centres to assess working conditions, the National Ergonomics Commission of the MTE organized a number of events bringing together representatives of universities, employers and workers. The Commission also trained MTE inspectors to carry out ergonomic evaluations. These initiatives lead to a proposed recommendation and standard to be applied in call centres.
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 2nd half 2006, Vol.31, No.114, p.35-46. 34 ref.

CIS 08-976 Nicholson A., Smith C., Mitchell A., Wright R.
Health and Safety Executive
Cost benefit studies that support tackling musculoskeletal disorders
Twenty nine case studies are presented demonstrating ergonomics interventions carried out in a wide range of organizations to reduce the risks of musculoskeletal disorders. In 21 cases, the costs of the intervention and the benefits that have been gained were quantified. The ergonomic interventions took a variety of forms, from addressing the design of the task, the equipment, workstation and environment, to the organizational context in which the work is done. The interventions vary in complexity and magnitude from simple and inexpensive fixes to major projects involving quite significant capital outlay. Benefits were clear to see when a company was already incurring costs due to sub-optimal task design or workplace organization.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. vi, 148p. Illus. 9 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr491.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-675 Schleyer G.K., Langdon G.S.
Health and Safety Executive
Pulse pressure testing of 1/4 scale blast wall panels with connections - Phase II
This detailed experimental and numerical study examined 1/4 scale stainless steel blast wall panels and their connections under pulse pressure loading. The panel design was based on the deep trough trapezoidal profile with welded angle connections top and bottom and free sides. Three types of connection systems were studied, namely a short, medium and long welded angle connection, in order to compare the influence of the angle length. Large permanent plastic deformations were produced in the connection system without rupture. An earlier phase of the study had established that modelling the support correctly was fundamental to the response of the blast wall and could significantly affect its ultimate capacity.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. vi, 58p. Illus. 16 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr404.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-475 Stone A., Usher D., Marklin R., Seeley P., Yager J.W.
Case study for underground workers at an electric utility: How a research institution, university, and industry collaboration improved occupational health through ergonomics
Two ergonomic intervention teams were created at a medium-sized electric power utility to identify tasks with risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders and propose ergonomic interventions for these tasks. Both teams focused on tasks performed by underground workers: one team focused on manhole-vault tasks and the other team focused on direct-buried cable job tasks. Several of the ergonomic interventions were tested at a university ergonomics laboratory. The results of one of the laboratory experiments indicated that a 2nd class lever tool reduced muscle forces required to remove and replace a manhole cover, compared with a T-handle attached to a hook and chain. The results of another laboratory experiment demonstrated that a battery-powered cutter reduced muscle forces to cut cable as compared to a manual cutting tool.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Aug. 2006, Vol.3, No.8, p.397-407. Illus. 18 ref.

CIS 08-223 Sen R.N., Park J., Taptagaporn S., Juthamaneepong S, Buntoengjit K., Le T.N., Raut P., Kähkönen E., Shanbhag S.
Ergonomics
Collection of articles on ergonomics and working conditions of relevance to countries in the Asian-Pacific region. Contents: new strategies for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in Korea; health and social impacts of computer use among children and youth in Thailand; epidemiological characteristics of musculoskeletal disorders in the manufacturing industry in Vietnam; improving occupational health, safety and environment by applying cleaner production in industry in Nepal; achieving sustainable workplace improvement through training and benchmarking in India.
Asian-Pacific Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, Nov. 2006, Vol.13, No.3, p.55-71 (whole issue). Illus. 12 ref.
http://www.ttl.fi/NR/rdonlyres/99A0B1E2-036D-4EE0-BB1C-689C095AC6D5/0/AsianPacificNewsletter200603.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-221 Cole D.C., Hogg-Johnson S., Manno M., Ibrahim S., Wells R.P., Ferrier S.E.
Reducing musculoskeletal burden through ergonomic program implementation in a large newspaper
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a workplace ergonomic programme to reduce musculoskeletal burden among employees of a large Canadian newspaper. It involved 1003 employees from all major departments who were surveyed in 1996 and 813 who were surveyed in 2001. Data were collected by means of questionnaires. Elements of the ergonomic program included employee repetitive strain injury training, proactive assessment of workstations and early treatment of injuries through on-site physiotherapy. Through the implementation of the programme, it was possible to bring about significant improvements in a number of physical and psychosocial risk factors. The frequency and duration of musculoskeletal pain episodes were reduced. Other findings are discussed.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 2006, Vol.80, No.2, p.98-108. Illus. 51 ref.

CIS 07-1484 Rosenberg B., Yuan L., Fulmer S.
Ergonomics of abrasive blasting: A comparison of high pressure water and steel shot
Abrasive blasting with silica sand has long been associated with silicosis. However, the use of alternative technologies that might save workers' lungs could do so at the expense of their musculoskeletal systems. Hence, the objective of this study was to examine the ergonomic effects of two alternatives to sand blasting, namely high-pressure water and steel shot. PATH, a method for quantifying ergonomic exposure, was combined with interviews with workers, biomechanical modelling and noise level readings. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. High-pressure water was slightly less ergonomically stressful, environmentally cleaner, much quieter and less dusty that steel shot. However, it was reported to be slower on those tasks where both media could be used.
Applied Ergonomics, Sep. 2006, Vol.37, No.5, p.659-667. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 07-1327 Rivilis I., Cole D.C., Frazer M.B., Kerr M.S., Wells R.P., Ibrahim S.
Evaluation of a participatory ergonomic intervention aimed at improving musculoskeletal health
Participatory ergonomic (PE) interventions have been increasingly used to deal with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD). This article describes a PE process launched at one depot of a large courier company, with a nearby depot serving as a control. Evaluations focused on 122 employees across the two depots who participated in both pre- and post-questionnaires. The evaluation consisted of assessing the process of implementation, changes in risk factors and changes in musculoskeletal health measures. Relationships were explored by means of partial and multiple regressions. Findings are discussed. It is concluded that a PE approach can improve risk factors related to WMSD, and meaningful worker participation in the process is an important aspect for the success of such interventions.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2006, Vol.49, No.10, p.801-810. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 07-1488 Bellemare M., Trudel L., Ledoux E., Montreuil S., Marier M., Laberge M., Vincent P.
Allowing for MSD prevention during facilities planning for a public service: An a posteriori analysis of 10 library design projects
This research was conducted to identify an ergonomics-based intervention model designed to include musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) prevention in the design phase of library projects. The first stage of the research involved an a posteriori analysis of ten recent public library redesign projects in the province of Quebec, Canada. The purpose of the analysis was to document perceptions about the attention given to MSD prevention measures over the course of a project by librarians responsible for such projects and the personnel working in the libraries before and after changes. Subjects were interviewed in focus groups. Findings are discussed.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2006, Vol.12, No.4, p.387-397. 22 ref.

CIS 07-1225 Cable J.
Fighting back
Of the 1.3 million reported lost-time injuries and illnesses in private industry in the USA in 2003, sprains and strains most often involving the back were the leading type of injury in every major industry sector, accounting for 43% of the total lost-time cases, according to the Bureau of Labour Statistics. An insurance company estimates that in 2005, injuries caused by overexertion defined as excessive lifting, pushing, pulling, holding, carrying or throwing an object, all of which are key ingredients of back injuries, cost employers USD 13.4 billion. This article outlines the key elements of a back safety programme based on four main components: training, engineering controls, fitness and health care initiatives. Also describes an ergonomics programme implemented in an airline company.
Occupational Hazards, Aug. 2006, p.23-28. Illus.

CIS 07-1106 Work with screens
Travail avec écran [in French]
Beeldschermwerk [in Dutch]
The objective of the SOBANE approach (screening, observation, analysis and evaluation) is to ensure occupational safety and health by means of a systematic analysis of occupational hazards. This booklet presents the SOBANE approach applied to working at screens. Following a review of general aspects of occupational safety and health management, it explains how to proceed with the observation, analysis and evaluation, together with the qualifications required for carrying out these steps. The following topics are summarized on information sheets: desks and workplace layout; seats; office accessories; software; computer equipment; work-time organization; training; health surveillance.
Service public fédéral Emploi, Travail et Concertation sociale, rue Ernest Blerot I, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium, 2006. 93p. Illus. 59 ref.
http://www.werk.belgie.be/WorkArea/showcontent.aspx?id=3832 [in Dutch]
http://www.emploi.belgique.be/WorkArea/showcontent.aspx?id=3832 [in French]

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