Workers' participation - 722 entries found

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1999

CIS 00-749 Schulz T.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin
Management systems in building cleaning services: Integration of safety, health and environmental protection measures
Managementsystem im Gebäudereiniger-Handwerk: Eingliederung von Sicherheits-, Gesundheits- und Umweltschutzmassnahmen [in German]
Processes existing in a selected company of the cleaning contracting sector were examined in the light of applicable laws and regulations, customer needs and profitability requirements to define a generic management system for the sector. This report describes the setting up of an ISO 9001 quality management system integrating safety and health as well as environmental protection. It presents the quality manual and describes how employees participate in the implementation of the system. The preventive approach of the company which integrates safety, health and environmental aspects in the quality management system has also beneficial effects on the national economy.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Bürgermeister-Smidt-Str. 74-76, Postfach 10 11 10, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1999. 71p. Illus. 54 ref.

CIS 00-353
Bureau for Workers' Activities (ILO)
Trade union actions to promote environmentally sustainable development
Report on various projects of trade unions in different countries and areas to effect change on environmental issues: introducing occupational health, safety and environment committees in Eritrea; development of environmental awareness in Korea; mine-related environmental disaster in the Philippines; creation of a trade union partnership for environmental protection in India; reforestation project in Ghana; environmental management in three firms in the Philippines; export processing zones in Southern Africa; fight for clean water in an Indian community; safe use of pesticides in Guatemala.
International Labour Office, Bureau for Workers' Activities, 4 route des Morillons, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1999. vi, 56p. Illus. 26 ref.

CIS 00-402
International Labour Organization (ILO)
Proceedings - ILO-DGFASLI National Workshop on Safety, Health and Environment for Workers' Representatives
This publication contains summaries of the presentations made at a workshop held in Mumbai, India, 21-25 June 1999, on health and safety problems at work under the conditions of rapid industrialization and environmental deterioration in India today. It stresses the double role of trade unions: to be social partners in economic development and, at the same time, a driving force for safety, health and environment promotion at the workplace. The workshop addressed legal rights, inspection methodology, hazard identification, safety and accident prevention, welfare measures and awareness of ILO guidelines for occupational safety and health and the environment.
International Labour Organization, South Asia Multidisciplinary Advisory Team (SAAT), Theatre Court, 3rd Floor, India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India, Dec. 1999. 36p. Illus.

CIS 00-87 Hunt S.
Tunnel vision
Occupational safety and health in small enterprises. Topics: Canada; check lists; economic aspects; enforcement; hazard evaluation; hazard identification; industrial hygienists; plant safety and health organization; public OSH institutions; role of management; safety consciousness; safety consultants; safety planning; small enterprises; workers participation.
Accident Prevention, Sep.-Oct. 1999, Vol.46, No.5 p.17-21.

CIS 00-86 Newman D.
Shopfloor safety initiatives: The example of atmospheric testing in telecommunications cable vaults
Strategies for occupational safety and health campaigns often overlook the possibilities afforded by initiatives centred in the workplace itself, as opposed to those determined at the bargaining table or by legislation, for example. Workers themselves sometimes may be more cognizant and informed of immediate health and safety issues than are their union representatives, and may formulate innovative or unorthodox approaches to hazard remediation. Such approaches may in fact succeed despite ineffectual contract language or weak regulatory protection. This article examines a successful struggle by a small group of telecommunications technicians to get the employer to revise its obsolete procedures for atmospheric testing of unventilated, underground cable vaults. It demonstrates that increased consideration should be given to shopfloor actions and creative use of the grievance procedure as useful tools in the struggle for occupational safety and health.
New Solutions, 1999, Vol.9, No.1, p.103-112. 8 ref.

CIS 00-95 Ochsner M.
Safety and health conditions, practices, and priorities for OSHA reform: A comparison of views of New Jersey union members and safety and health professionals
This article draws on survey and interview data from New Jersey occupational health and safety professionals and union members to provide insights into the interactions among workers, management, unions, and health and safety professionals who shape workplace conditions and practices. A substantial number of both professionals and union members reported serious or very serious safety and health problems; limited access to effective resources for addressing these problems, and the presence of serious barriers to resolving these problems. Fewer than half of the union and professional respondents reported that effective participatory mechanisms such as union/management health and safety committees existed at their work sites, and many interview respondents described situations in which serious problems might be aired but seldom resolved.
New Solutions, 1999, Vol.9, No.1, p.37-63. 25 ref.

CIS 00-269 David G., Porter J.M., Dillon J., Stone B, Lucas D., Stewart T., Haines H.., Howarth P, Graveling R.
Ergonomics 1999
Special supplement devoted entirely to ergonomics to mark the 50th anniversary of the Ergonomics Society of the United Kingdom. Topics include: preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders; driving and musculoskeletal health; ergonomics within a large organization, using the UK Post Office as an example; ergonomics in small-to-medium-sized enterprises; the effectiveness of warning labels; designing an ergonomic office; participatory ergonomics, lighting, and personal protective equipment.
Safety and Health Practitioner, July 1999, Vol.17, Supplement to No.7, p.1-32. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-2082 Wynn M.
Does your ergonomics program need a tune-up?
Check list and discussion to enable evaluation of a company's ergonomics programme. Topics: check lists; ergonomics; hazard evaluation; medical supervision; musculoskeletal diseases; programme evaluation; role of supervisory staff; safety and health training; safety and productivity; work organization; workers participation.
Occupational Hazards, Oct. 1999, Vol.61, No.10, p.117-122. Illus.

CIS 99-1946 Phillips C.C., Wallace B.C., Hamilton C.B., Pursley R.T., Petty G.C., Bayne C.K.
The efficacy of material safety data sheets and worker acceptability
This study quantified how well the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) diffused information to workers, compared the efficacy of an OSHA (US Occupational Safety and Health Administration) type form with the Chemical Manufacturer's Association/American National Standards Institute (CMA/ANSI Z400.1) structure and the International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC), and determined worker acceptability and understanding of MSDSs. An inventory questionnaire and quantitative testing were used to gather data from 160 union workers employed at a large national laboratory. Most of the workers in the sample population reported favourably on MSDS acceptability, accessibility, and understanding. All three formats significantly diffused information to workers, although approximately one third of the information was not absorbed. The rank order of finish between the three different formats was ICSC, OSHA-type format, and CMA/ANSI Z400.1 respectively, albeit with no significant differences in scores. There were significant differences in how well each format answered specific test questions. Topics: chemical products; data sheet; harmful substances; information of personnel; questionnaire survey; supply of information; workers participation.
Journal of Safety Research, Summer 1999, Vol.30, No.2, p.113-122. Illus. 18 ref.

CIS 99-1830 O'Toole M.F.
Successful safety committees: Participation not legislation
Differences in safety outcomes are examined based on mandatory versus voluntary safety committee implementation at six manufacturing plants. Injury data were collected over a 10-year period, before and after each of the plants implemented employee safety committees. Data were also collected on two similar plants where no safety committees were implemented during the study period and which acted as controls for the study. Results suggest that the government could better achieve its objectives of reducing occupational injuries by encouraging companies to increase employee opportunity to participate in the safety process rather than target and/or require a specific type of participation programme to be implemented. Topics: injuries; legal aspects; long-term study; manufacturing industries; plant safety organization; programme evaluation; role of government; role of management; safety and health committees; safety programmes; USA; workers participation.
Journal of Safety Research, Spring 1999, Vol.30, No.1, p.39-65. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 99-2095 Krause T.R., Seymour K.J., Sloat K.C.M.
Long-term evaluation of a behavior-based method for improving safety performance: A meta-analysis of 73 interrupted time-series replications
An employee-driven behaviour-based accident prevention initiative implemented in industrial settings was evaluated. Up to five years of injury data from 73 companies, drawn from a target population of 229 companies who implemented behaviour-based safety, were examined. Comparisons of pre- to post-initiative incident levels across groups revealed a significant decrease in incidents following the behaviour-based safety implementation. Effect sizes were estimated from the average percentage reduction from baseline. The average reduction from baseline amounted to 26% in the first year increasing to 69% by the fifth. Findings are critically examined and future research areas are outlined. Topics: human behaviour; implementation of control measures; long-term study; manufacturing industries; petroleum and natural gas industry; programme evaluation; safety programmes; workers participation.
Safety Science, June 1999, Vol.32, No.1, p.1-18. Illus. 30 ref.

CIS 99-1898 Galli E.
A sociological case study of occupational accidents in the Brazilian petrochemical industry
A case study of accidents occurring in a petrochemical plant located in South Eastern Brazil was based on comprehensive interviews with engineers and workers concerning major accidents. Information collected during the interviews highlighted the contrasts in how management and workers interpret industrial accidents. Some implications for actions are discussed. Topics: analysis of accident causes; Brazil; case study; causes of accidents; hazard evaluation; human factors; major hazards; petrochemical industry; plant safety organization; risk awareness; role of management; role of supervisory staff; social aspects; workers participation.
Accident Analysis and Prevention, July 1999, Vol.31, No.4, p.297-304. 23 ref.

CIS 99-1513 How to design a safety and health plan at the level of the enterprise or organization
Comment élaborer un plan global de prévention? [in French]
Leidraad bij het opmaken van een globaal preventieplan [in Dutch]
Topics: hazard evaluation; information of personnel; legislation; medical supervision; plant safety and health organization; role of workers organizations; safety and health training; workers participation.
Institut pour la prévention, la protection et le bien-être au travail, rue Gachard, 88 Bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1999. 18p. Illus.

CIS 99-1481 Alteren B.
Implementation and evaluation of the Safety Element Method at four mining sites
The Safety Element Method (SEM) is a method for the improvement of safety results and safety approaches in the Norwegian mining industry. A group of organizational members assesses the current and desired situation for their own organization within defined areas. Based on this assessment, a strategy and action plan for the attainment of internal goals is developed. The implementation of the method in four mining companies is described and evaluated. Opinions regarding the experiences with the method are, on the whole, positive. Subjective assessments play a prominent role in SEM, but these assessments are supported by an extensive review of empirical data such as accident reports, interview results and a questionnaire. This means that the internal assessments correspond well to the safety results of the companies and also to the independent external reviews carried out by the researcher. Topics: cooperation; mining industry; plant safety organization; programme evaluation; role of management; role of supervisory staff; safe working methods; safety consciousness; safety programmes; subjective assessment; workers participation.
Safety Science, Apr. 1999, Vol.31, No.3, p.231-264. Illus. 59 ref.

CIS 99-1700 Evanoff B.A., Bohr P.C., Wolf L.D.
Effects of a participatory ergonomics team among hospital orderlies
This prospective intervention trial examined work injuries and other outcomes before and after a participatory worker-management ergonomic intervention, with other hospital employees used as a concurrent control. All orderlies in a 1,200-bed urban hospital were studied using passively collected data. The 2-year postintervention period was marked by decreased risks of work injury, lost time injury, and injury with three or more days of time loss. Total lost days declined from 136.2 to 23.0 annually per 100 full-time worker equivalents (FTE). Annual workers' compensation costs declined from USD 237/FTE to USD 139/FTE. The proportion of workers with musculoskeletal symptoms declined and there were significant improvements in job satisfaction, perceived psychosocial stressors, and social support among the orderlies. Topics: economic aspects; ergonomics; health care personnel; injuries; job dissatisfaction; musculoskeletal diseases; neuropsychic stress; programme evaluation; sickness absenteeism; workers participation; workmen's compensation.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.35, No.4, p.358-365. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 99-1370 Wilson J.R.
Virtual environments applications and applied ergonomics
The usability of virtual environments has attracted considerable efforts from ergonomists. Work has included studies of the side or after effects of participation in a virtual environment (VE) as well as the appropriateness of the Virtual Reality hardware and software interfaces and the understanding of factors which determine participant performance. Equally important for applied ergonomics is to understand how best to specify, build, implement and evaluate VE solutions to everyday industrial, commercial, educational and medical problems. The potential value of ergonomics applied to VEs, and vice versa, are discussed. Two particular instances of VE development relevant to applied ergonomics are described - structured development and evaluation of industrial training and participatory redesign of workplaces. This paper is one of a number of contributions to a special issue on ergonomics in the study and use of VEs. Topics: computer aided design; computer simulation; ergonomics; man-computer interfaces; motion study; work study; workers participation; workplace design.
Applied Ergonomics, Feb. 1999, Vol.30, No.1, p.3-9. Illus. 39 ref.

1998

CIS 06-990 Maxence J.L., Trarieux R.
Drug addiction in occupational settings: Prevention of drugs within the enterprise
Toxicomanies et milieu du travail: la prévention des drogues en entreprise [in French]
This article discusses the prevention of illegal psychotropic substance abuse in occupational settings. Occupational physicians in France are beginning to implement drug screening and medical supervision of drug-dependent patients. While workplace screening is not compulsory, it is essential in hazardous workplaces with high safety requirements. Company policies with respect to "drug risk" can only be developed through collaboration involving senior management, workers' representatives, occupational physicians and social services, as part of a global approach to the prevention of all hazards. Several examples of company policies and plans are included.
Revue Toxibase, 1998, No.3, p.1-11. 20 ref.
http://www.toxibase.org/Pdf/Revue/dossier_travail.pdf [in French]

CIS 02-153
International Occupational Hygiene Association (IOHA)
Occupational health and safety management systems: Review and analysis of international, and regional systems; and proposals for a new international document
This report analyses existing and proposed standards and documents on occupational safety and health (OSH) management systems from 15 countries and outlines differences and areas which need harmonization. It presents key elements which should be dealt with when preparing a new international standard on OSH management.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. 133p. Illus. 59 ref.

CIS 01-1565 Pifczyk A., Fuhrmann H.
The work task evaluation system
Das Tätigkeitsbewertungssystem (TSB) [in German]
A system for evaluating work tasks established in 1995 for the analysis of complex work processes was found to constitute an appropriate tool for the design of job patterns meeting personality and health requirements. The subjective and objective components of work analysis are readily correlated in this system, which also allows the integration of the workers' comments. The article gives a review of applications of the method.
Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 2nd Quarter 1998, Vol.42, No.2, p.109-113. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 01-1099 Lange J., Kessel G., Groth J., Stehrenberg B.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin
Safety and health aspects of container handling in ports
Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsschutzaspekte beim Containerumschlag im Hafenbereich [in German]
Topics: container handling; dock work; Germany; hazard evaluation; occupational safety and health; risk factors; role of management; role of supervisory staff; work organization; workers participation.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1998. xiv, 310p. Illus. 127 ref.

CIS 01-1060 Pérez Bilbao J., Nogareda Cuixart C.
Workplace violence
Violencia en el lugar de trabajo [in Spanish]
This information note classifies workplace violence as one of three types: violence with no relationship between the perpetrator and the victim (e.g. robberies), violence related to the service offered by the employer of the victim (e.g. violence committed by an irate customer) and violence connected to the relationship between the offender and the victim (e.g. violence against a former or actual supervisor or co-worker). The possible causes of violent behaviour are described and recommendations for prevention are given. The analysis of incidents at the workplace will enable the identification of problems and to take the necessary corrective measures. The importance of the support to victims is emphasized. Finally, the note gives an overview of relevant legislation in Spain.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 6p. 9 ref.

CIS 01-759 Pirone G.M
Occupational safety in Europe: comparative survey in some Member States
Sicurezza sul lavoro in Europa: indagine comparata in alcuni Stati membri [in Italian]
Comparative study of occupational safety and health (OSH) practices in six member states of the European Union: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Main themes covered for each country: impact of community law on the organization of OSH within enterprises; application of the framework directive (Directive 89/391/EEC, see CIS 89-1401); control, insurance and social protection aspects; obligations of employers; OSH services; workers' participation. A separate section is devoted to an overview of prevention and protection services in the workplace within the whole of the European Union.
Istituto Italiano di Medicina Sociale, Via P.S. Mancini, 28, 00196 Roma, Italy, 1998. 82p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 01-702 Geyer A., Elsigan G.
Handbook for safety, health and environment in the enterprise: A guide for small enterprises
Handbuch für Sicherheit, Gesundheit und Umwelt im Betrieb: Ein Handlungsleitfaden für kleine Betriebe [in German]
A loose-leaf binder presenting eight modules allowing small enterprises to build their own safety, health and environmental management system. Contents include: evaluation of existing problems; defining tasks and responsibilities; workplace analysis; discussions with workers; centralizing the purchasing of chemicals and looking for substitution; defining the objectives and the means of achieving them; implementing measures and documenting results; defining the company's policies. Sample forms for documentation and check lists are included. Sample forms are also provided in electronic form.
ppm Forschung und Beratung, Kaplanhofstrasse 1, 4020 Linz, Austria, 1998. 77p. + Diskette (forms in MS-Word, Word 97 for Windows 95). Price: ATS 300.00.

CIS 01-755 Stoll R.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin
Introduction of an organization and a quality assurance system for occupational safety and health through work groups - A critical assessment of insights and collection of positive examples
Organisation und Qualitätssicherung des betrieblichen Arbeitsschutzes bei der Einführung von Gruppenarbeit - Bilanzierung von Ergebnissen, Sammlung von Positivbeispielen [in German]
Topics: Germany; human behaviour; human relations; plant safety and health organization; quality control; role of management; safety and health committees; work organization; workers participation.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1998. 75p. Illus. 152 ref.

CIS 01-300 Oncins de Frutos M., Mourenza Barrio T.
New forms of work organization: The learning organization
Nuevas formas de organizar el trabajo: la organización que aprende [in Spanish]
This information note analyses a new model or work organization, the "learning organization". It is a company culture based on knowledge exchange at all levels of the company and on continuous learning, which adapts continuously to the changing requirements of the market as well as of the social and political system.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 5p. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 01-2 Working Conditions Act 1998 [Netherlands]
Wet van 18 maart 1999, houdende bepalingen ter verbetering van de arbeidsomstandigheden (Arbeidsomstandighedenwet 1998) [in Dutch]
This Law replaces the 1990 Law with the same name (see CIS 92-351). Contents: definitions and scope of application (extends to work in mineral exploration and mining on the Netherlands Continental Shelf, work carried out by students, work on board ships and airplanes registered in the Netherlands); obligation by employer to conduct a working conditions policy (including prevention of sexual harassment, aggression, violence; evaluation of risks; preventing and limiting serious accidents involving dangerous substances; information of public; notification of accidents and occupational illnesses etc.); co-operation between employer and employees (incl. special rights of the Works Council, the Personnel Delegation and the Expert Assistance Scheme); special obligations; supervision and official orders; exemptions, dispensation and appeals; sanctions. Several related Acts are amended.
Staatsblad van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, 18 Mar. 1999, No.184, 27p. English version with CIS (28p.)
http://www.arbo.nl/content/network/szw/docs/arbowet/workact98.pdf [in English]
http://wetten.overheid.nl/cgi-bin/sessioned/browsercheck/continuation=00796-002/session=586389237327715/action=javascript-result/javascript=yes [in Dutch]

CIS 01-290 Garrigou A., Mohammed-Brahim B., Daniellou F.
Risk management through the collaboration of participants at all company levels: Example of sprayed asbestos removal
La gestion des risques dans et par le collectif de travail: l'exemple des chantiers de déflocage [in French]
Topics: asbestos removal; building industry; asbestos; cooperation; hazard evaluation; human factors; information of personnel; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; risk factors; role of management; role of supervisory staff; work organization; workers participation.
Performances Humaines et Techniques, Sep.-Oct. 1998, No.96, p.45-52. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 00-1797 Llacuna Morera J.
Behaviour modification and communication (I): Introduction and basic steps of the process
Cambio de conducta y comunicación (I): introducción y elementos fundamentales del proceso [in Spanish]
This information note presents the five theoretical elements of the internal communication process aiming at modifying attitudes towards safety and health within the enterprise: objectives; the importance of knowledge, procedures and attitudes; progress indicators; key words; the message (see also CIS 00-1798).
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 6p.

CIS 00-1305 Loch H.J., Hiltensperger S., Rötzer M., Sikora S.
Management systems for occupational health and plant safety - Volume 1: Occupational health and risk management system (OHRIS) - Principles and systems elements
The principles and composition of an occupational health and risk management system (OHRIS) are described. The aim of OHRIS is to help organizations to meet the requirements of ISO Standards 9000 and 14000, ensuring the protection of the health of workers at hazardous production sites as well as that of the neighbouring residents while at the same time fulfilling their business objectives of quality and performance. OHRIS comprises five core elements and five specific management elements relating to industrial safety, which are described along with the action fields and action elements of an OHS management system. The book is the translation of a document originally published in German.
Bavarian Ministry of State Labour and Social Affairs, Family, Women and Health (StMAS), Winzererstrasse 9, 80797 München, Germany, 1998. 122p. 4 ref.

CIS 00-1193 Otero M.E.
How to prevent psychosocial risks in the enterprise
Cómo prevenir los riesgos psicosociales en la empresa [in Spanish]
Topics: Colombia; conditions of work; ergonomics; human behaviour; human factors; information of personnel; job dissatisfaction; occupational psychology; psychological effects; safety and health training; social aspects; supply of information; workers participation.
Protección y seguridad, Nov.-Dec. 1998, Vol.44, No.262, p.21-25. Illus.

CIS 00-1039 Bauer M.J.
Development of an occupational safety management system for German coal mines taking Saabergwerke AG as an example
Entwicklung eines Arbeitssicherheits-Managementsystems für den deutschen Steinkohlenbergbau am Beispiel der Saarbergwerke AG [in German]
The complete history of occupational safety and health in coal mining in the state of Saarland, Germany, is presented. The classical hazards encountered in coal mining and their importance today are discussed. The presently available protective measures are described. The basic principles of a new safety and health management concept for the anthracite mining company Saarbergwerke AG are presented. This new system controls all hazards encountered in anthracite mining from fires and explosions to dust exposure and work in confined spaces, as well as environmental pollution. Quality assurance is also integrated into this new safety and health management system. Supervisors and employees are fully involved in its implementation. Goals such as reduction of the accident rates to one third in three years were set and checks of the success of planned safety and health measures in regular intervals were included in the system.
Verlag der Augustinus Buchbandlung im Besitz des Verlags Mainz, Süsterfeldstr. 83, 52072 Aachen, Germany, 1998. 350p. Illus. 366 ref.

CIS 00-900
Health and Safety Executive
Organisational interventions to reduce the impact of poor work design
Topics: assembly-line work; case study; degree of skill; labour-management relations; manufacturing industries; mental stress; psychology of absenteeism; psychology of work organization; role of management; social aspects; supervisors; workers participation; workplace design.
HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 172p. Illus. approx. 130 ref. Price: GBP 44.00.

CIS 00-2 Occupational Safety and Health Administration Compliance Assistance Authorization Act of 1998 [USA]
Law amending the US Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (CIS 89-351). Topics: consultations; enforcement; law; role of labour inspection; safety and health training; USA; workers participation.
United States Code - Congressional and Administrative News, 9 Sep. 1998, No.7, p.112 STAT.638-639.

CIS 00-149 Vartiainen M., Teikari V.
Problems of a continuous change: A follow-up study (1988-1994) in a FMS factory
The economic and sociotechnical changes in a factory workshop during 1988-1994 are described. A large flexible manufacturing system (FMS) project was realized during the first two years, and finished on schedule. The project was designed and carried out in a participative manner involving all personnel in the development groups. The follow-up study shows that the goals concerning productivity of the workshop and personnel well-being were mainly achieved. There were two main phases in the development: a quick and profound change during the first two years, and a more stable, "freezing" phase after it. Challenges, problems, and hindrances to making the development continuous are also discussed.
Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing, Summer 1998, Vol.8, No.3, p.197-214. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 00-266 Karltun J., Axelsson J., Eklund J.
Working conditions and effects of ISO 9000 in six furniture-making companies: Implementation and processes
Six furniture-making companies which implemented ISO 9000 during the period 1991-1994 were studied to determine the effects of the quality standard on working conditions. Results show that its effects were limited, but included better order and housekeeping, more positive attitudes towards discussing quality shortcomings, a few workplace improvements, work enrichment caused by additional tasks within the quality system and a better understanding of external customer demands. Among the negative effects were new, apparently meaningless, tasks for individual workers as well as more stress and more physically strenuous work. Effects on the companies included a decrease in external quality-related costs and improvements in delivery deadlines.
Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1998, Vol.29, No.4, p.225-232. Illus. 32 ref.

CIS 99-1841 Frostberg C.
Internal control of the working environment - Developments to date
Developments in internal control of the working environment and related fields in Sweden are described. Advantages of a co-ordinated approach to the working environment are discussed and economic aspects are considered. Topics: accident absenteeism; economic aspects; hazard evaluation; implementation of control measures; internal control; labour inspection; legal aspects; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; safety and health training; sickness absenteeism; Sweden; workers participation.
Newsletter, 1998, No.3-4, p.4, 12-15. Illus.

CIS 99-1882 Braeckman L., Maes L., Bellemans M., Vanderhaegen M.R., De Maeyer A.M., De Bacquer D., De Backer G.
Workers participation in a nutrition education programme
An employee nutrition education programme was evaluated for 361 middle-aged male employees who responded to a risk factor questionnaire and underwent a physical examination. 90% of baseline subjects were surveyed a second time at the end of the intervention period. The programme consisted of personal counselling based on screening results, media messages, nutrition group sessions and environmental changes. At baseline, the overall response rate was 81%, in nutrition classes 36% of the respondents enrolled. Unmarried employees, bluecollar workers and smokers were less likely to participate in these group sessions. Among nonparticipants, lack of time and existing good health were the most common reasons cited for not participating. The overall employee rating of the programme was positive. This project demonstrates that in a worksite education programme high rates of initial participation can be achieved. However, the diminished enrollment of smokers and blue-collar workers in group sessions supports concern that a health programme may not equally reach all segments of the workforce. Topics: audiovisual training; cancer; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes mellitus; health programmes; human behaviour; information of personnel; nutrition; personal hygiene; plant health services; preventive aspects of diet; programme evaluation; workers participation.
Archives of Public Health, 1998, Vol.56, No.9-10, p.275-289. 37 ref.

CIS 99-1476 Koningsveld E.A.P., Vink P., Urlings I.J.M., de Jong A.M.
Reducing sprains and strains in construction through worker participation - A manual for managers and workers with examples from scaffold erection
Topics: building industry; construction industry; erection and dismantling; manual handling; manual lifting; materials handling; musculoskeletal diseases; physical workload; responsibilities of employers; safety programmes; scaffolds; sprains; training manuals; training material; workers participation.
The Center to Protect Workers' Rights, 5th floor, 111 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20001, USA, May 1998. 32p. Illus.

CIS 99-1408 Royal Decree 1932/1998 of 11 Sep. 1998 applying Chapters III and V of Act 31/1995 of 8 Nov. 1995 on the control of occupational hazards to military centres and establishments [Spain]
Real Decreto 1932/1998, de 11 de septiembre, de adaptación de los capítulos III y V de la Ley 31/1995, de 8 de noviembre, de prevención de riesgos laborales, al ámbito de los centros y establecimientos militares [España] [in Spanish]
For the Act of 8 November 1995 see CIS 95-1921. Topics: defence services; emergency organization; law; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; safety and health committees; Spain; workers participation.
Boletín Oficial del Estado, 18 Sep. 1998, No.224, p.31306-31309.

CIS 99-1643
Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
Investigation report - Explosives manufacturing incident (4 deaths, 6 injuries) - Sierra Chemical Company, Mustang, Nevada
This report explains two explosions that took place on January 7, 1998, at an explosives manufacturing facility owned by Sierra Chemical Company, located in Mustang, Nevada, USA. Four workers were killed and six were injured. Safety issues covered in the report include process safety management, process hazard analysis, training, language barriers, operating procedures, building siting and employee participation. Recommendations concerning these issues (included in the report) were made to Sierra Chemical Company and other companies manufacturing explosives, the Institute of Makers of Explosives, the Nevada Occupational Safety and Health Enforcement Section, and the Department of Defense. Topics: accident investigation; analysis of accident causes; choice of location; explosions; explosives industry; fatalities; hazard evaluation; process control; report on investigation; safe distances; safety and health training; safety engineering; speech communication; USA; workers participation.
National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, USA, Jan. 1998. iii, 117p. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 99-1485 Nytrö K., Saksvik P.Ö., Torvatn H.
Organizational prerequisites for the implementation of systematic health, environment and safety work in enterprises
Under the Norwegian internal control regulation of 1992, preventive health and safety systems have become mandatory for every enterprise, regardless of size and business. Enterprises are expected to implement proper systematic actions to ensure that they operate in accordance with requirements specified in laws and regulations in the health, environment and safety (HES) domain. In this study, organizational factors contributing to the successful implementation of internal control of HES were investigated. Results showed that 45% of the companies in Norway had implemented internal control four years after onset of the regulation. A total of 36% were under way, and 19% had not started yet. Available internal HES competency with professional training was the strongest predictor for success in managing systematic HES work. Thereafter followed such factors as external push and pull (customers, labour inspection and business partners). Time elapsed since implementation of the regulation was also of importance. Topics: implementation of control measures; legislation; Norway; plant safety and health organization; pollution control; responsibilities of employers; role of government; role of management; role of workers organizations; survey; workers participation.
Safety Science, Dec. 1998, Vol.30, No.3, p.297-307. 17 ref.

CIS 99-1731 Burt C.D.B., Gladstone K.L., Grieve K.R.
Development of the Considerate and Responsible Employee (CARE) scale
The development of the Considerate and Responsible Employee (CARE) scale, designed to measure workers' attitudes towards their co-workers' safety, is described. Study 1 generated a pool of statements and used a self-administered questionnaire to obtain ratings for each statement from 105 workers chosen at random from a variety of occupations. Factor analysis indicated that the scale was best described by a general factor. CARE scale scores were significantly related to measures of group cohesion and co-worker satisfaction. Study 2 replicated the CARE scale's high internal consistency and its relationship with co-worker satisfaction using a questionnaire completed by 28 workers from a meat processing plant. Study 3 examined the test-retest reliability of the CARE scale using 40 workers froman aluminium plant. The response rate across the three studies ranged from 27 to 47%. The results are discussed in terms of the use of the CARE scale to manage safety. Topics: attitude towards accidents; cooperation; human behaviour; human factors; human relations; plant safety organization; questionnaire survey; responsibilities of employees; safety consciousness; safety incentives; safety programmes; safety suggestions; statistical evaluation; workers participation.
Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 1998, Vol.12, No.4, p.362-369. Illus. 37 ref.

CIS 99-1399 Parkes K.R., Sparkes T.J.
Health and Safety Executive
Organizational interventions to reduce work stress: Are they effective?
Topics: flexible working time; literature survey; neuropsychic stress; social aspects; stress factors; stress studies; work design; work organization; work time schedules; workers participation; workload assessment.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. iv, 52p. Illus. 71 ref. Price: GBP 20.00.

CIS 99-1203 Mearns K., Flin R., Gordon R., Fleming M.
Measuring safety climate on offshore installations
Human and organizational factors affecting safety were examined on ten offshore installations using the Offshore Safety Questionnaire. The "safety climates" on the various installations were characterized by most respondents feeling "safe" with respect to a range of offshore hazards and expressing "satisfaction" with safety measures. Respondents reported little risk-taking behaviour and felt positive about levels of work clarity and job communication. There was a wider diversity of opinions on the safety attitudes scale, indicating a lack of a positive, concerted "safety culture" and more evidence for a range of fragmented "safety subcultures" which varied mainly as a function of seniority, occupation, age, shift worked and prior accident involvement. The interaction between these subcultures partly determines the prevailing "safety climate" on any given installation. The existence of a strong, cohesive culture with respect to safety is not necessarily beneficial and may lead to complacency. A healthy culture may be represented by a range of assumptions, values, norms and expectations. Topics: attitude towards accidents; human behaviour; job dissatisfaction; mental workload; offshore oil extraction; questionnaire survey; risk awareness; risk factors; safety consciousness; safety rules; unsafe acts; workers participation.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1998, Vol.12, No.3, p.238-254. 28 ref.

CIS 99-1205 Lee T.
Assessment of safety culture at a nuclear reprocessing plant
A detailed survey of attitudes towards safety at a nuclear reprocessing plant is described. Focus groups were held to elicit safety-relevant beliefs, attitudes and values, and the material was incorporated into a questionnaire which was administered as part of the monthly team briefings. The questions covered nine domains of safety: safety procedures, risks, permit-to-work system, job satisfaction, safety rules, training, participation, control of safety and design of plant. Each domain was analysed by principal components analysis and factors accounting for most variance were identified and analysed. Various methods for analysing the data are described. Feedback was provided for relevant subgroups, i.e. gender, age, length of service, active area involvement, days/shifts, departments, general type of work and eight specific job types. Topics: attitude towards accidents; human behaviour; human relations; job dissatisfaction; nuclear fuel processing; questionnaire survey; risk awareness; risk factors; safety by design; safety consciousness; safety rules; safety training in industry; workers participation.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1998, Vol.12, No.3, p.217-237. Illus. 32 ref.

CIS 99-1157 Hale A., Baram M.
Safety management - The challenge of change
Topics: hazard evaluation; human behaviour; implementation of control measures; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities; role of management; role of supervisory staff; safety analysis; safety consciousness; technical development; theoretical analysis; workers participation.
Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1998. vi, 275p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index.

CIS 99-1142 Frick K., Walters D.
Worker representation on health and safety in small enterprises: Lessons from a Swedish approach
Les délégués des travailleurs à la santé et à la sécurité dans les petites entreprises: enseignements du système suédois [in French]
A rare example of an effective preventive strategy for health and safety in the small enterprise sector is described: Sweden's system of regional safety representatives and its underlying approach to participation. The means available in large enterprises for effective representation are generally lacking in small enterprises, and this report on a recent evaluation shows how the Swedish system has found ways of overcoming the problem. The lessons this scheme holds for other countries are discussed, including the relevance of regional safety representation to trade union regeneration. Topics: industrial relations; legal aspects; national organization; programme evaluation; role of labour inspection; role of workers organizations; safety and health training; safety officers; small enterprises; survey; Sweden; workers participation.
International Labour Review - Revue internationale du Travail - Revista internacional del trabajo, 1998, Vol.137, No.3, p.367-389. 57 ref.

CIS 99-701 Resolution of 23 July 1998 (...) authorizing the publication of the Agreement of (...) of 10 July 1998 (...) concerning the extension of legislation on the prevention of occupational hazards to the state public services [Spain]
Resolución de 23 de julio de 1998, de la Secretaría de Estado para la Administración Pública, por la que se ordena la publicación del Acuerdo de Consejo de Ministros de 10 de julio de 1998, por el que se aprueba el Acuerdo Administración-Sindicatos de adaptación de la legislación de prevención de riesgos laborales a la Administración General del Estado [España] [in Spanish]
For Royal Decree No.1488 of 10 July 1998 see CIS 99-708. The Resolution also concerns Act No.31/1995 of 8 Nov. 1995 on the prevention of occupational hazards (CIS 95-1921) and Royal Decree No.39/1997 of 17 January 1997 concerning safety and health services (CIS 97-353). Topics: emergency organization; government services; hazard evaluation; law; plant safety and health organization; public OSH institutions; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; role of labour inspection; safety and health committees; Spain; workers participation.
Boletín Oficial del Estado, 1 Aug. 1998, No.183, p.26189-26193.

CIS 99-707 Text of 1 July 1998 comprising the Act of 17 June 1994 on safety and health of workers at work as amended by the Act of 6 March 1998 [Luxembourg]
Texte coordonné du 1er juil. 1998 de la Loi du 17 juin 1994 concernant la sécurité et la santé des travailleurs au travail telle que modifiée par la Loi du 6 mars 1998 [Luxembourg] [in French]
For the Act of 17 June 1994 see CIS 98-1054 and for the Act of 6 March 1998 see CIS 98-1056. Topics: escape and exit; fire prevention; information of personnel; law; Luxembourg; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; safety and health training; safety officers; workers participation.
Mémorial - Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 1 July 1998, No.50, p.737-744.

CIS 99-438 The working environment in the European Union: The difficult transition from law to practice
L'environnement du travail dans l'Union européenne: le difficile passage du droit à la pratique [in French]
Topics: carcinogens; asbestos; comment on law; computer terminals; conference; CRT display terminals; European Communities; hazard evaluation; legislation; limitation of exposure; manual handling; musculoskeletal diseases; occupational safety and health; role of workers organizations; standardization; workers participation.
Newsletter of the European Trade Union Technical Bureau for Health and Safety - Bulletin d'information du Bureau technique syndical européen pour la santé et la sécurité, Mar. 1998, No.8, Special issue on the TUTB Conference, p.19-35. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-451 Braunholtz S., McDonald I., Elgood J.
Health and Safety Executive
Health and safety in the workplace
Topics: accident absenteeism; injuries; large enterprises; occupational safety and health; plant safety and health organization; questionnaire survey; report; risk awareness; role of management; safety consciousness; safety training in industry; sickness absenteeism; small enterprises; subjective assessment; United Kingdom; workers participation.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. ix, 245p. Illus. Price: GBP 70.00.

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