Older workers - 297 entries found

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1998

CIS 08-226 Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety - Ergonomics
Enciclopédia de segurança e saúde no trabalho - Ergonomia [in Portuguese]
Portuguese translation of chapter 29 on ergonomics of the ILO Encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety at work (CIS 99-1860). Contents: objectives, principles and methods; physical and psychological aspects (anthropometry, muscular work, work posture, biomechanics, fatigue); psychological aspects (mental workload, vigilance, mental fatigue); work organization aspects (sleep deprivation); work system design (premises, equipment, signalling); design for all (cultural differences, older workers, handicapped workers); examples of the diversity and importance of ergonomics (workplace design for diamond cutting, violation of ergonomic principles in Chernobyl).
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. 194p. Illus. Translation by ErgoHelp, http://www.ergohelp.com.br/, Brazil, 2007.

CIS 01-770 Pröll U.
Work and health in small enterprises. Research results and experience in prevention. Workshop proceedings
Arbeit und Gesundheit im Kleinbetrieb. Forschungsergebnisse und Präventionserfahrungen. Tagungsband [in German]
Proceedings of a workshop held in Dortmund, Germany, 28 April 1998, on projects relating to health promotion in small enterprises funded by the German Ministry for Research and Technology. Individual projects and experience from participating small enterprises were presented. Positive and negative aspects of safety and health in small enterprises (family enterprises, carpenter shops, bakeries, heating and plumbing trades) were discussed. Main topics covered: allergies, information deficits, ageing of the workforce, health insurance and possibilities of a regional network to support prevention in small and medium enterprises.
Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund, Landesinstitut, Evinger Platz 17, 44339 Dortmund, Germany, 1998. 150p. Illus. 45 ref.

CIS 01-889 Kawakami M., Inoue F., Ohkubo T., Ueno T.
Job redesign needs for aged workers
The aim of this paper was to explore and present a proposal for redesigning elements of the workplace for aged workers. The method of research was to observe, record and measure the actions of sitting workers performing assembly operations in a Japanese electrical products plant. The evaluation index used in the experiment was obtained by measuring time motion elements, cycle time per product, and motion velocity waves of elderly workers. Those motion characteristics were then compared with the motion characteristics of young workers. The results led to job redesign elements being identified to reduce handling factors of high difficulty for aged workers and to the necessity to consider a coefficient of correction for the time measurement standard according to differences in the manufactured object's weight.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1998, Vol.4, No.4, p.471-483. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 00-1219 Ordinance concerning the medical examination and expertise of workplace, professional and health aptitude [Hungary]
33/1998. (VI. 24.) NM rendelet a munkaköri, szakmai, illetve személyi higiénés alkalmasság orvosi vizsgálatáról és véleményezéséről [in Hungarian]
This ordinance provides, among other provisions, for greater protection of workers in vulnerable groups (older workers, minors, pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, breastfeeding women). In annex: table outlining jobs at which work by workers belonging to certain vulnerable groups may be prohibited or restricted; types of work where there is increased risk of infection; sample forms to be used by physicians engaged in aptitude examinations. Includes the modifications introduced by Ordinance No.27/2000 (30 Sept.) of the Minister of Health.
Internet document, 1998.
http://net.jogtar.hu/jr/gen/hjegy_doc.cgi?docid=99800033.NM [in Hungarian]

CIS 99-1920 Marstedt G., Müller R.
A sick state? Comparison of the public and private sector with regard to absenteeism and integration of older workers
Ein kranker Stand? Fehlzeiten und Integration älterer Arbeitnehmer im Vergleich öffentlicher Dienst - Privatwirtschaft [in German]
Detailed analyses of all available data on absenteeism in the public and private sectors in Germany since 1970 reveal that morbidity and accident rates and absenteeism were slightly higher among public sector workers as compared with workers in privately-owned businesses. The differences were 1.5 and 1.2% for the morbidity and accident rates respectively. The data also reveal higher numbers of severely handicapped and chronically ill older workers employed in the public sector than in the private sector. The statistics presented show that the public sector practices a more socially-responsible employment policy than does the private sector. Statistics, health and cost arguments are presented which argue against sanctions punishing short absence on account of illness. The integration of older workers and problems of the inverted age pyramid are discussed in detail. Topics: community services; comparative analysis; handicapped workers; industries; morbidity; older workers; sickness absenteeism; statistics.
Edition Sigma, Karl-Marx-Str. 17, 12043 Berlin, Germany, 1998. 172p. Illus. 141 ref.

CIS 99-1539 Robertson A., Tracy C.S.
Health and productivity of older workers
A review of the literature on age, health and work is presented. The health of older workers is a concern to the extent that their productivity is considered to be a function of age-related health, the general conclusion being that age-related declines in health inevitably lead to decreased productivity. The implications of age-related physiological and psychological changes on their productivity are investigated, by focusing on a critical examination of the ways in which productivity has been conceptualized and operationalized. It is concluded that the emerging concept of "work capacity" has the greatest potential for addressing the productivity issues of workforce aging. Implications for public and corporate policy and for further research are examined. Topics: ageing; biological effects; cognitive performance; literature survey; older workers; psychological effects; role of management; sensorimotor activities; social aspects; state of health; work capacity; work efficiency.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Apr. 1998, Vol.24, No.2, p.85-97. 132 ref.

CIS 99-1201 Fiedler D., Von Essen S., Morgan D., Grisso R., Mueller K., Eberle C.
Causes of fatalities in older farmers vs. perception of risk
Farm fatality data in Nebraska, USA, were recorded over a 10 year period. Injuries involving tractors were the most common cause of death in farmers of 55 years of age or more, with the rate being highest in those of 75 and over. Data on cause of death were compared with results from a telephone survey in which farmers rated their concern about risk associated with various farming activities. There was a discrepancy between where farmers of 55 or more years of age perceive danger and where the greatest risk actually lies. Topics: age-linked differences; agricultural equipment; agriculture; analysis of accident causes; attitude towards accidents; causes of accidents; epidemiologic study; fatalities; handling of animals; older workers; risk awareness; safety consciousness; tractors.
Journal of Agromedicine, 1998, Vol.5, No.3, p.13-22. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 99-1204 Jeong B.Y.
Occupational deaths and injuries in the construction industry
National statistics of industrial accidents in the South Korean construction industry for the years 1991-1994 were analysed. Results indicated some patterns in the characteristics of occupational injuries in the industry: (1) deaths occur more frequently among older workers; (2) the most common type of accident is "falls from a height"; (3) "fracture"' is the leading injury type; (4) the body sites most vulnerable to injury are the leg, foot and toe in the non-fatal injuries, and the head, face, and neck in deaths; (5) most of the accidents occurred from temporary construction or equipment. Results also showed that there are differences in accident characteristics between occupational deaths and nonfatal injuries. Topics: age-linked differences; building industry; causes of accidents; falls from heights; fatalities; fractures; injuries; Korea Rep. of; location of injury; occupational accidents; older workers; statistics.
Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 1998, Vol.29, No.5, p.355-360. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 99-669 Becker J.T., Milke R.M.
Cognition and aging in a complex work environment: Relationships with performance among air traffic control specialists
Effects of ageing on the performance of air traffic control (ATC) specialists are discussed. The limited data available suggest a strong relationship between age and job performance among ATC specialists, whether measured at the time of entry into the system or during the working lifetime of a controller. Since a high proportion of controllers in the U.S. ATC system will be at risk of displaying age-related changes in job performance efficiency over the next 10 years, it is important to determine the nature and extent of the age-related cognitive changes that can occur during the lifespan of a controller (25-55 years of age) and how these changes may affect job performance. The results of such an analysis should aid in the design and implementation of new control systems to minimize any deleterious effects of ageing on performance. Topics: age-linked differences; ageing; air traffic control; cognitive performance; experience; hearing level; literature survey; mental workload; older workers; perceptual-motor performance; visual tasks.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1998, Vol.69, No.10, p.944-951. Illus. 26 ref.

CIS 99-408 International labour standards - A workers' education manual
Topics: conditions of work; employee rights; foreign workers; ILO; industrial relations; international agreements; older workers; role of workers organizations; training manuals; training material; women, children, young persons; workmen's compensation.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 4th ed., 1998. viii, 148p. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 20.00.

CIS 99-503 Zwerling C., Whitten P.S., Davis C.S., Sprince N.L.
Occupational injuries among older workers with visual, auditory and other impairments
An attempt was made to validate a previously defined model of risk of occupational injuries among older workers with visual, auditory or other impairments. That model, based upon the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), was recalculated using data from the 1994 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The parameter estimates for impaired hearing (1.81 in NHIS, 1.55 in HRS), impaired vision (2.42 in NHIS, 1.48 in HRS) and self-employment (0.22 in NHIS, 0.49 in HRS) were in the same direction and of roughly the same magnitude. The previously defined model was confirmed using NHIS data. The data suggest that as the workforce ages, more attention must be paid to the accommodation of disabilities in the workplace, especially sensory impairments. Topics: age-linked differences; handicapped workers; hearing loss; occupational accidents; older workers; physical fitness; risk factors; statistical evaluation; visual function disorders.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.720-723. 7 ref.

CIS 99-315 Mäntyjärvi M., Tuppurainen K, Rouhiainen H.
Visual function in professional truck drivers
Topics: age-linked differences; amblyopia; assessment of working capacity; cataract; contrast; dark adaptation; diabetes mellitus; drivers; eye examinations; glare; older workers; road transport; vision tests; visual acuity; visual fatigue.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, July 1998, Vol.71, No.5, p.357-362. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 99-141 Huneke J.T., Von Essen S., Grisso R.D.
Innovative approaches to farm safety and health for youth, senior farmers and health care providers
Topics: agriculture; health care personnel; older workers; programme evaluation; safety and health training; supply of information; USA; young persons.
Journal of Agromedicine, 1998, Vol.5, No.2, p.99-106. 12 ref.

CIS 99-139 Browning S.R., Truszczynska H., Reed D., McKnight R.H.
Agricultural injuries among older Kentucky farmers: The farm family health and hazard surveillance study
Topics: agriculture; causes of accidents; epidemiologic study; falls of persons; frequency rates; injuries; Kentucky; livestock rearing; location of injury; mechanical hazards; occupational accidents; older workers; questionnaire survey; statistical aspects; types of accident; USA.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 1998, Vol.33, No.4, p.341-353. 34 ref.

CIS 99-144 Petersen J.S., Zwerling C.
Comparison of health outcomes among older construction and blue-collar employees in the United States
Topics: alcoholism; back disorders; blue-collar workers; chronic respiratory diseases; cohort study; construction industry; lower extremity disorders; mental disorders; musculoskeletal diseases; older workers; respirable dust; smoking; state of health; USA.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.34, No.3, p.280-287. 17 ref.

CIS 98-1600 Ruser J.W.
Denominator choice in the calculation of workplace fatality rates
Calculation of workplace fatality rates based on employment and on hours worked. Topics: age-linked differences; dangerous work; fatalities; frequency rates; hazard evaluation; hours of work; list of occupations; older workers; sex-linked differences; statistical evaluation; USA; young persons.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1998, Vol.33, No.2, p.151-156. 6 ref.

CIS 98-1466 Kemmlert K., Lundholm L.
Slips, trips and falls in different work groups with reference to age
Topics: accident absenteeism; age-linked differences; analysis of accident causes; falls from heights; falls of persons; falls on the level; ladders; older workers; risk factors; sex-linked differences; slippery floors; survey; Sweden.
Safety Science, Feb. 1998, Vol.28, No.1, p.59-75. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 98-1532 Tuomi K., Ilmarinen J., Jahkola A., Katajarinne L., Tulkki A.
Work ability index
Revised edition of CIS 97-1030. Topics: age-linked differences; assessment of working capacity; description of technique; Finland; mental work capacity; older workers; physical fitness; sex-linked differences; state of health; subjective assessment; work aptitude.
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2nd ed., 1998. 35p. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 98-1206 Rabi A.Z., Jamous L.W., AbuDhaise B.A., Alwash R.H.
Fatal occupational injuries in Jordan during the period 1980 through 1993
Topics: causes of accidents; construction industry; falls of persons; fatalities; foreign workers; frequency rates; haemorrhage; Jordan; location of injury; notification of occupational accidents; occupational accidents; older workers; sex-linked differences; statistical trends; transport industry.
Safety Science, Apr. 1998, Vol.28, No.3, p.177-187. 20 ref.

1997

CIS 00-560 Kogi K., Kikuchi Y., Suzuki T.
Special issue: International symposium on future developments in human work systems
Proceedings of the International symposium on future developments in human work systems held in Yokohama, Japan, 27-28 June 1996. Main topics presented: flexible work systems (job sharing, telework, career breaks); work organization; migrant workers; sociocultural and psychological aspects; ergonomic aspects; human behaviour; ageing and efficacy of work; developing new skills for new tasks; older workers and new technologies.
Journal of Human Ergology, Dec. 1997, Vol.26, No.2, p.i-ii; p.89-192 (whole issue). Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 00-277 Westerholm P., Kilbom Å
Aging and work: The occupational health services' perspective
Studies of functional capacity and age are briefly reviewed and factors to be considered in the provision of occupational health services for an aging workforce are discussed. These include health surveys and pre-employment medical examinations, job placement and job design and development trends in working life.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1997, Vol.54, No.11, p.777-780. 16 ref.

CIS 99-1540 Chan G.C.T., Koh D.S.Q.
The ageing worker
The implications of the emergence of an ageing workforce with special health, occupational and environmental needs are discussed. The response of society and of health care professionals should be three pronged. Firstly, prevention of the premature decline of physical capacities and adaptability of the worker could be addressed by health promotion and continuing job training. Secondly, some measures for adjusting work demands in accordance with functional capacities of the individual are needed. Thirdly, employers and fellow workers should be educated on the strengths of the ageing worker, and the capacity of such workers to continue contributing because of their experience, motivation and skills. If implemented, these measures would ensure a path towards productive ageing. The end results would be that ageing workers would have their functional capacity maintained, the concept of "age-adjusted workload" would be a reality, and ageing workers would not be discriminated against, but instead have their contributions to society maximized. Topics: adaptation of man to work; older workers; sickness absenteeism; state of health; work capacity; work efficiency.
Annals of the Academy of Medicine - Singapore, Nov. 1997, Vol.26, No.6, p.781-786. 24 ref.

CIS 99-689 Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M.
From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 5 - Human computer interaction, stress and mental load, aging and occupational health
Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 5 covers: human computer interaction (design of workstations for work with visual display units, design, interface and software design); mental load, stress and well-being (psychophysiological mesurements); ergonomics in relation to ageing and work; and occupational health issues. Topics: ageing; biological effects; computer terminals; conference; ergonomics; Finland; keyboard operations; man-computer interfaces; mental stress; mental workload; older workers; plant health supervision; social aspects; visual comfort; visual displays; work capacity; work design; work posture; workplace design.
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. xiv, 707p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 98-1242 Honma K., Chiyotani K., Kimura K.
Silicosis, mixed dust pneumoconiosis and lung cancer
Topics: autopsy; carcinogenic effects; carcinoma; dose-response relationship; histopathology; Japan; lung cancer; lung diseases; mixed dust pneumoconiosis; older workers; pneumoconiosis; silicosis; smoking.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Dec. 1997, Vol.32, No.6, p.595-599. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 98-1027 Pérez Bilbao J.
Ageing and work
Envejecimiento y trabajo [in Spanish]
Topics: age-linked differences; ageing; cognitive performance; conditions of work; ergonomics; hearing disorders; ILO; international agreements; mental work capacity; older workers; restricted motor activity; sensory aptitude; shift work; Spain; state of health; visual acuity; vocational training; work capacity; work organization.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1997. 139p. Illus. 142 ref.

CIS 98-327 Griffiths A.
Ageing, health and productivity: A challenge for the new millenium
Topics: ageing; literature survey; mental work capacity; older workers; physical workload; psychological effects; social aspects; vocational training; work capacity; work efficiency.
Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1997, Vol.11, No.3, p.197-214. 82 ref.

CIS 98-104 Layne L.A., Landen D.D.
A descriptive analysis of nonfatal occupational injuries to older workers, using a national probability sample of hospital emergency departments
Topics: causes of accidents; falls of persons; injuries; occupational accidents; older workers; sex-linked differences; USA.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1997, Vol.39, No.9, p.855-865. Illus. 86 ref.

CIS 97-2042 Furber S., et al.
Injuries to ambulance officers caused by patient handling tasks
Analysis of workers' compensation data showed that during a two-year period the incidence rate for patient handling injuries to ambulance officers was 10.6% per year. Injury rates were highest in the 55 to 64 year age group and higher in females than in males. Over half of the injuries were associated with lifting patients, and 41% of injuries occurred when a mechanical aid was being used, most commonly a stretcher. The majority of injuries were to the back. The design of current lifting aids should be investigated and training courses on patient handling should be evaluated.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, June 1997, Vol.13, No.3, p.259-265. 16 ref.

CIS 97-1913 Kisner S.M., Pratt S.G.
Occupational fatalities among older workers in the United States: 1980-1991
Analysis of data from the U.S. National Traumatic Occupational Fatalities surveillance system revealed that workers aged 65 and over had a workplace fatality rate 2.6 times that of workers aged 16 to 64 during the period 1980-1991. The highest rates were in mining, agriculture and construction. Compared with younger workers, older men were at elevated risk for fatalities caused by machines, and older women for fatal falls and homicide. Prevention efforts should focus on older workers in agricultural settings and on those at increased risk of workplace falls or violence.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1997, Vol.39, No.8, p.715-721. Illus. 42 ref.

CIS 97-1912 Williams S.N., Crumpton L.L.
Investigating the work ability of older employees
The work ability index developed by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health was used to assess the work ability of 20 university employees aged from 50 to 55. Participants were asked to respond to questions concerning their physical, mental and social capacities. The work ability values of these employees were slightly higher than the reference values developed from previous research studies. The method may be used to estimate the work capacity of older employees and to determine required modifications in equipment design or working conditions.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Sep. 1997, Vol.20. No.3, p.241-249. 7 ref.

CIS 97-1849 Chi C.F., Wu M.L.
Fatal occupational injuries in Taiwan - Relationship between fatality rate and age
National accident report data from 1,230 work-related single fatalities in Taiwan were analyzed and significant factors contributing to 12 accident types were identified. Industry and age were the main significant factors. The relationship between age and mean fatality rate differed with industry and accident type. Fatality rate showed a rising trend with age for falls, collapse, being struck by falling objects, explosion, drowning and slipping and tripping accidents.
Safety Science, Oct. 1997, Vol.27, No.1, p.1-17. 22 ref.

CIS 97-1724 Voke J.
The ageing eye at work
Problems associated with declining vision and visual performance in older workers are discussed. Topics covered include: the need for adequate illumination and reduction of glare in the workplace; age changes in colour vision; optimum working distance when using a visual display unit; use of eye protection; and visual side-effects of medication.
Safety and Health Practitioner, June 1997, Vol.15, No.6, p.38-39.

1996

CIS 01-1101 Laflamme L., Menckel E., Lundholm L.
Aging and occupational accidents - 2. Male and female assemblers in the Swedish automobile industry
This retrospective and longitudinal study examines age-related selection and accident risks for male and female assembly workers in the Swedish automobile industry. Results suggest that accident ratios tend to be higher among younger assemblers of both sexes, and lower among older ones, for both aggregate and specific accident risks. There was also strong evidence for age-related selection, i.e. for a tendency by younger workers to leave the profession. On the other hand, there was some evidence that older workers had more severe accidents - but the reasons for this may have socio-economic or psychological, rather than age-related medical, causes. Summaries in English and Swedish.
Arbetslivsinstitutet, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1996. 30 + [14]p. 46 ref.

CIS 99-82 Godoy Sedano M.J., Jutinico Vega A.
Empresa Colombiana de Salud, Ambiente y Desarrollo (ECOSAD)
Psychosocial risk factors - Human factors
Factores de riesgos psicosociales - Factores humanos [in Spanish]
Topics: age-linked differences; character; conditions of work; cultural variables; economic aspects; glossary; human behaviour; human factors; job dissatisfaction; medical supervision; mental health; occupational psychology; older workers; sex-linked differences; social aspects; training manuals; training material; work aptitude; young persons.
Seguro Social, Protección Laboral, Administradora de Riesgos Profesionales, Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia, Dec. 1996. 40p. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 98-1529 Härmä M.
Ageing, physical fitness and shiftwork tolerance
Topics: age-linked differences; ageing; biological effects; circadian rhythm; fatigue; literature survey; older workers; physical fitness; physical training; shift work; sleep disturbances; work capacity; work organization.
Applied Ergonomics, Feb. 1996, Vol.27, No.1, p.25-29. 45 ref.

CIS 98-601 Brandenburg U., Kuhn K., Marschall B., Verkoyen C.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz
Health promotion at the enterprise level
Gesundheitsförderung im Betrieb [in German]
Topics: conference; cost of accidents; cost of diseases; cost-benefit analysis; design of equipment; economic aspects; Germany; health programmes; iron and steel industry; motor vehicle industry; occupational medicine; older workers; plant health organization; quality control; role of insurance institutions; safety and health committees; safety programmes; social aspects; supply of information; women; work design; workers participation.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. viii, 581p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DM 81.00.

CIS 97-1542 Laflamme L.
Age-related accident risks among assembly workers: A longitudinal study of male workers employed in the Swedish automobile industry
Age-related accident ratios (ARs) among male assembly workers in the Swedish automobile industry were measured for all accidents aggregated and for six accidents types over a 10-year period, using five age categories and three time intervals. Regardless of accident type, ARs were generally higher among younger workers than older ones. ARs by age cohorts increased over time in four of the six accident situations for assemblers aged 25-34 (35-44 during 1990-1991). Inequalities in risk exposure, labour-market factors, and early deselection from the occupation were identified as significant factors in the age-related differences observed.
Journal of Safety Research, Winter 1996, Vol.27, No.4, p.259-268. 22 ref.

CIS 97-1545 Zwerling C., et al.
Risk factors for occupational injuries among older workers: An analysis of the health and retirement study
In a cross sectional cohort study of 6854 older U.S. workers (51-61 years), occupational injuries were associated with the following: certain occupations (mechanics and repairers, service personnel, labourers); jobs requiring heavy lifting; impaired hearing or vision; jobs requiring good vision. Fewer injuries were associated with self-employment. The importance of a good match between job demands and worker capabilities in older workers is emphasized, especially among those with impaired hearing and sight.
American Journal of Public Health, Sep. 1996, Vol.86, No.9, p.1306-1309. 19 ref.

CIS 96-2108 Laflamme L., Menckel E., Lundholm L.
The age-related risk of occupational accidents: The case of Swedish iron-ore miners
Age-related accident risks faced by Swedish male iron-ore miners were studied with a retrospective longitudinal analysis of national registers over a ten-year period (1980-1990). Three time periods of five years and five age categories were used examining age-related accident frequency, characteristics and severity. Among older miners high accident ratios were found to be rare whatever the time period, but some accident patterns became substantially more frequent in some older age cohorts over the years. Injuries tended to be more severe in older age groups. The tentative conclusions are: inequality in risk exposure between age groups may explain the lower accident ratios found among older workers, but also that the aging of a working population may lead to the application of task-assignment principles that penalize older workers, at least with regard to certain specific accident risks. Age is a good predictor of accident severity, provided that differences in risk exposure are controlled for, but further studies are needed to test these hypotheses in different occupations.
Accident Analysis and Prevention, 1996, Vol.28, No.3, p.349-357. 26 ref.

CIS 96-2107 Laflamme L., Menckel E.
Age and occupational accidents in the light of fluctuations on the labor market: The case of Swedish non-ferrous ore miners
Non-specific and specific age-related accident frequencies among Swedish non-ferrous ore miners were examined with a retrospective statistical analysis of national registers over a ten-year period (1980-1990). Three time periods of five years and five age categories were used, studying age-related accidents frequencies, characteristics and severity. Age-related accident ratios (ARs) were employed as indicators and calculated for all accidents. The AR is calculated from the ratio of all accidents that occurred during a given period and the average number of employed workers during the same period. ARs tended to be lower among older workers, with differences between age groups for almost all accident types. It is plausible that this is explained by lower risk exposure. In the middle-age cohort (25-34 years) an increase in ARs was seen by the end of the period for all accident types. Age-related risks are also influenced by other factors, such as labour-market conditions. In certain more demanding jobs, reduction in personnel may expose younger workers to higher risks, because their basic capacities are exceeded and/or because of lack of relevant experience.
Work, 1996, Vol.6, p.97-105. 34 ref.

1995

CIS 03-143 Lehtinen S., Kurppa K., Gold D., Chowpradith L., Xiang Z., Shen N., Raj J., Mikheev M.I., Uusitalo T.
Information networking
This issue is primarily devoted to the theme of networks for the sharing and exchanging of occupational safety and health (OSH) information. Main topics covered: information networking as an effective way to prevent hazards; OSH networks in the Asian-Pacific region; electronic repository on OSH information for the Asian-Pacific region; OSH information network in China; review of a conference on OSH information held in Finland; review of a workshop on occupational health in small enterprises held in Thailand; presentation of a health information programme on ageing and work in China; health information resources in India; OSH information networks of the WHO; Internet as a tool for the diffusion of OSH information.
Asian-Pacific Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, Aug. 1995, Vol.2, No.2, p.31-59 (whole issue). Illus. 21 ref.

CIS 98-122 World Labour Report 1995
Report on recent trends in selected labour issues (ILO), 1995. Topics: conditions of work; ILO; labour-management relations; older workers; report; statistics; vocational training; work capacity.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1995. xi, 121p. 97 ref. Price: CHF 25.00.

CIS 96-563 Zwerling C., Sprince N.L., Wallace R.B., Davis C.S., Whitten P.S., Heeringa S.G.
Effect of recall period on the reporting of occupational injuries among older workers in the Health and Retirement Study
Data on occupational injuries were analyzed for 7,049 subjects aged 51-61 years selected from a 1992 study on health and retirement which used a one-year recall period. A model of occupational injury rate as a function of time before the interview was developed. Based on a four-week recall period, the adjusted occupational injury rate was 36% higher than the rate based on a one-year recall period. Adjustment for recall period had less effect on the rate ratios of these injuries for nine risk factors studied. Results suggest that self-reported surveys with longer recall periods may be used to estimate occupational injury rates.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1995, Vol.28, No.5, p.583-590. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 96-205 Laflamme L., Menckel E.
Aging and occupational accidents - A review of the literature of the last three decades
This paper deals with age-related accident risks (mainly in industrial settings) and draws on selected studies reported in English or French in the last three decades. It is concerned with large-scale and intra-occupational studies that have investigated age-related accident frequency, severity or characteristics. The findings so far shed little light on the expected direction and magnitude of the relation between aging and occupational accidents. A framework is outlined for the identification of jobs in which aging has either a preventive or an aggravating effect on accident occurrence. The safety problems of older workers may well be restricted to activities that are specifically "age-impaired". Age-related accident problems can also be specific in terms of injury type. Further research would greatly benefit from longitudinal designs, proper exposure measurements, intra-occupational investigations, consideration of the positive effect of relevant experience on occupational safety, and greater precision with regard to the type of accident in focus.
Safety Science, Dec. 1995, Vol.21, No.2, p.145-161. 37 ref.

CIS 95-2099 Personick M.E., Windau J.A.
Self-employed individuals fatally injured at work
Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries 1993 were analyzed according to type of incident, industries and occupations involved and the age-group of the worker. Compared with wage and salary workers, the self-employed as a group showed relatively high risks of fatal injuries, partly reflecting their disproportionate employment in hazardous industries and their tendency to be older workers. Homicide was the most common fatal incident reported, followed by nonhighway transportation incidents, highway incidents and being struck by an object. Farmers and shopkeepers showed the highest risk of fatal injury.
Monthly Labor Review, Aug. 1995, Vol.118, No.8, p.24-30. 8 ref.

1994

CIS 98-1059 Labour Code of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam [Vietnam]
Topics: conditions of work; handicapped workers; hours of work; labour inspection; law; night work; occupational safety and health; older workers; penalties; responsibilities of employers; role of labour inspection; Vietnam D.R.; women; workmen's compensation; young persons.
The GIOI Publishers, The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs, Hanoi, Vietnam, 1995. 37p.

CIS 95-1702 Bast-Pettersen R., Drabløs P.A., Goffeng L.O., Thomassen Y., Torres C.G.
Neuropsychological deficit among elderly workers in aluminum production
Neuropsychological tests were carried out on 38 workers aged 61-66 years at a Norwegian primary aluminium plant. The group comprised 14 potroom workers, 8 foundry workers and 16 controls. There was a tendency towards more neuropsychiatric symptoms in both groups of aluminium workers. Potroom workers showed a subclinical tremor, a tendency towards impaired visuospatial organization, and a slight decline in psychomotor tempo. No signs of cognitive impairment were observed. The findings may be related to long-term exposure in the potroom and further to chronic low-dose exposure to aluminium.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.649-662. 35 ref.

CIS 95-1159 Snel J., Cremer R.
Work and aging - A European prospective
This volume contains papers presented at the European Symposium on Work and Aging held in Amsterdam, 28-29 January 1993, along with other contributions. Topics covered: aging, work and health (physical work and the aging worker, an interdisciplinary approach to aging at work, effects of occupational risk factors on health after retirement, job demands and work stress in relation to aging, combined effects of aging and shiftwork); aging and mental work capacity (aging and modern technology, problems for workers over the age of 40); training and educational programmes; social policy and perspectives.
Taylor & Francis Ltd., 4 John St., London WC1N 2ET, United Kingdom, Taylor & Francis Inc., 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007, USA, 1994. xiv, 417p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 24.50.

CIS 95-773 Summala H., Mikkola T.
Fatal accidents among car and truck drivers: Effects of fatigue, age, and alcohol consumption
A study was made of fatal road accidents in Finland. When excluding alcohol-related cases, trailer-truck drivers who either fell asleep or were tired to a degree that contributed to the accident were younger than those involved in the other fatal accidents. For car drivers, the proportion of fatigue-related cases was approximately constant in each age group, but increases were seen for young drivers (18-20 years old) between midnight and 6:00am and in older drivers (56 and older) during the late afternoon hours. Fatigue and alcohol appeared to be less of a problem for truck drivers than for car drivers.
Human Factors, June 1994, Vol.36, No.2, p.315-326. 51 ref.

CIS 94-1533 Andersen I.
Manual on occupational medicine
Basisbog i arbejdsmedicin [in Danish]
This three-volume manual gives an overall view of occupational diseases, their origin, and their treatment. Main topics: historical view of occupational medicine, the labour force and occupational diseases, health monitoring at the work place, regulation (Denmark), cancer, allergy, sick building syndrome, infections and microorganisms, psycho-social factors, older workers, accidents, toxicity, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of the visual system, respiratory diseases, reproductive diseases, diseases of the mouth and teeth, gastrointestinal diseases, and diseases of the ear and vestibular apparatus.
Arbejdstilsynet, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, Vol.1-3, 1994. 158, 293, 287p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: DKK 250.00, 380.00 and 360.00 excl. VAT.

CIS 94-1216 National Institute of Occupational Health: Plan for the year 1994
Arbejdsmiljøinstituttets årsplan for 1994 [in Danish]
The plans for the National Institute of Occupational Health in Denmark are given for the year 1994. Areas that are given high priority are: waste and recycling, development of methods and quality control, occupational cancer, musculoskeletal disorder, technical prevention and substitution, indoor climate, occupational allergy, occupational psychology, substances with neurotoxic effects, work environment for older people, and the Danish Product Register Database. Resources and administrative matters are outlined.
Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet, Lersøpark allé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1994. 20p. Gratis.

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