Skin diseases - 1,481 entries found

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1984

CIS 84-1948 Goh C.L., Kwok S.F., Rajan V.S.
Cross sensitivity in colour developers
Four workers in photographic developing laboratories in Singapore developed allergic contact dermatitis in response to the colour developer CD4 (2-amino-5-(N-ethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino)toluene sulfonate); they presented with lichen planus-like eruptions and 1 with an eczematous reaction. Patch tests showed that the patients were also sensitive to the chemically related developers CD2 and CD3. 3 of the 4 workers were unable to return to their jobs. Although the 4th took protective measures when returning to work, the dermatitis recurred.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1984, Vol.10, No.5, p.280-285. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 84-1946 van Putten P.B., Coenraads P.J., Nater J.P.
Hand dermatoses and contact allergic reactions in construction workers exposed to epoxy resins
Of 135 construction workers known to have had contact with epoxy resins, 23 (18%) reported a dermatosis within the past 3 years. In patch tests with epoxy resin and 3 aromatic amino compounds, 27 subjects (20%) gave positive responses; epoxy resins accounted for the majority of the positive reactions. There was no relation between a history of atopy and the development of contact allergy. Only half of the workers had received any safety instruction. The wearing of gloves (usually cotton), intended to protect the skin, had an adverse effect.
Contact Dermatitis, Mar. 1984, Vol.10, No.3, p.146-150. 9 ref.

CIS 84-1694 Martin J.V.
Lipid abnormalities in workers exposed to dioxin
A biochemical study of 95 workers with past exposure to tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), of whom 41 had been diagnosed as having chloracne, and of 120 controls. There was significant increase in serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the exposed group, and there was also higher excretion of D-glucaric acid. Protein-corrected calcium levels were significantly lower in the exposed group with chloracne. There were no significant changes in HDL cholesterol, gammaglutamyl transferase and bilirubin levels among the exposed group.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1984, Vol.41, No.2, p.254-256. 23p.

CIS 84-1661 Lidén C.
Occupational dermatoses at a film laboratory
A questionnaire survey answered by 103 of the 114 employees of a cinematographic film processing laboratory revealed that 43 of the employees had some exposure to chemicals in their work, and that 21 of them had dermatoses. Clinical examination and patch testing showed that 12 cases were due to contact allergy to one of the chemicals CD-2, CD-3, Metol or PBA-1. Tests with guinea pigs showed the isothiuronium salt PBA-1 to be a potent sensitiser. Two cases of lichenoid reaction to colour developing agents were also seen. Five types of protective glove were tested. CD-2 and Metol penetrated all 5, CD-3 penetrated thin polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and latex, and PBA-1 penetrated none.
Contact Dermatitis, Feb. 1984, Vol.10, No.2, p.77-87. Illus. 43 ref.

CIS 84-1399 Tanaka S., Lucas J.B.
Dermatitis in paperhangers
A questionnaire survey of 211 members of a paperhangers' union elicited 25 reports of work-related dermatitis. The composition of the paste used by these workers was learned from the manufacturer, and the components of the paste were patch-tested on 11 of the workers who had reported skin lesions. Three of the paste constituents gave positive patch tests in at least one of the workers: chloromethoxypropyl mercuric acetate, 2-((hydroxymethyl)amino)ethanol, and polyethylene glycol monolauroyl ester, an antifoaming agent. The first 2 compounds, both biocides, are capable of decomposing to give formaldehyde, which is thus also a potential sensitiser.
Contact Dermatitis, Jan. 1984, Vol.10, No.1, p.54-55. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 84-1044 Bertrand J.P., Wantz J.M., Heintz P., Zitter M.
Pathologic conditions related to the use of isocyanates in Lorraine coal mines
Pathologie liée à l'utilisation des isocyanates dans les mines de charbon de Lorraine [in French]
Diisocyanates of the type 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), used to consolidate brittle ground, cause acute skin contact problems, particularly in the upper part of the body, with frequent involvement of the eyes. Asthma-like respiratory problems also occur, accompanied by an obstructive syndrome or by alveolocapillary exchange impairment. An immunological mechanism is involved. An epidemiologic survey showed no evidence of significant differences between exposed and unexposed miners, or between affected workers and controls, as far as average vital capacity values, FEV₁ values and the FEV₁/VC ratio are considered. With the increasing use of polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins, it is recommended that occupational health services extend their preventive measures.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1984, Vol.45, no.1, p.3-9. 16 ref.

1983

CIS 85-1976 Van Ketel W.G., Kisch L.S.
The problem of sensitizing capacity of some Grotans used as bacteriocides in cooling oils
This study was performed in connection with 4 cases of hand dermatitis in workers machining cast-iron workpieces. The skin disorders had started after some new bactericides (Grotan OX and TK) were added to the coolants. The 4 cases and the results of patch tests are described. Most references from the literature on skin disorders due to biocides in coolants are concerned with formaldehyde releasers like Grotan BK, but there is a remarkable confusion about their sensitising capacity. The continuous contact with wet workpieces and soluble oils used over longer periods is supposed to be an irritant factor, sensitisation by formaldehyde or Grotans being perhaps a secondary phenomenon. From a bacteriological viewpoint, zinc-EDTA seems to be a good non-sensitising biocide.
Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, 1983, Vol.31, No.4, p.118-121. 18 ref.

CIS 85-729 Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac
This data sheet provides safety information on various North American poisonous plants encountered by highway maintenance workers, farm employees, fire fighters and surveyors. These plants are a major cause of occupational dermatitis in workers with outdoor occupations.
National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA, Rev. 1983. 4p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 85-472 Matsumura T., Iwamura N., Inoue Y.
Paddy field dermatitis in Hyogo Prefecture - 1. Epidemiological studies in Takasago
A dermatitis of unknown aetiology occurred among about 60 residents working in paddy fields in a rural district of Takasago City, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, which faces the Seto Inland Sea. The dermatitis with severe itching occurred after rice-planting and weeding, and the duration of the itching was in most cases about 5-15 days. The dermatitis was found in the body parts exposed to paddy field water. Questionnaires and a seroepidemiological survey showed that it was due to the invasion of cercariae of avian schistosomes.
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine, Jan. 1983, Vol.31, No.5, p.730-734. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 85-469 Dalderup L.M., Zellenrath D.
Dioxin exposure: 20 year follow-up
Mortality data have been collected for a cohort of 141 men exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin as a result of an explosion in an Amsterdam factory in 1963. Within the group 69 exhibited unequivocal chloracne and 72 were without clear signs of chloracne. Of 25 who have died, 8 died from myocardial infarction and 7 of these had had chloracne. 4 belonged to a group of 16 contract cleaners with exposures to other chemicals and a relatively high alcohol consumption rate. 8 men have died from neoplasms which do not show an organ-related pattern and do not represent any excess mortality. Morbidity data are being collected on 35 of the cohort and data are being compared with those of a matched control group. No significant differences have been found but the study continues.
Lancet, 12 Nov. 1983, Vol.2, No.8359, p.1134-1135.

CIS 85-515 Podgajko G.A.
Preventing the contamination of the work environment with carcinogenic hydrocarbons during the preparation of ingot moulds
O profilaktike zagrjaznenija proizvodstvennoj sredy kancerogennymi uglevodorodami pri podgotovke stalerazlivočnyh izložnic [in Russian]
The current technique of coating ingot moulds with a solution of pitch in benzene was replaced by a new process of spraying a refractory mineral dust (milled processed quartz, corundum, zirconium) in solution with colloidal silica onto the surface of the ingot moulds. The old technique gave rise to high concentrations of pitch sublimates, including benz(a)pyrene. The administration of the coating solution and resinous sublimate condensates to mice produced malignant skin tumours. The new process did not extensively contaminate the work environment. The aerosols were fibrogenic in inhalation experiments. A maximum allowable concentration of 1mg/m³ for aerosols of the colloidal silica alone and 2mg/m³ for mixtures with mineral powders of low fibrogenicity was recommended.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Apr. 1983, No.4, p.26-30. 9 ref.

CIS 85-444 White I.R.
Preventing dermatitis - the uses of gloves and barrier creams
The causes and mechanism of contact dermatitis (both irritant and allergic) are discussed. The preventive methods of using gloves and barrier creams are outlined, with emphasis on the lack of preventive power of the latter.
Safety Practitioner, Apr. 1983, Vol.1, No.4, p.27-29. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 85-158 Heise H., Mattheus A., Puskeiler T.
Irritant and allergenic effects of the herbicide propachlor
Die irritative und allergisierende Wirkung des herbiziden Wirkstoffes Propachlor [in German]
A review of the literature and report of experiments on the irritant and sensitising effects of N-isopropyl-2-chloroacetanilide (generic name propachlor): animal studies, comparative skin tests, epidemiologic surveys. In addition to irritation and sensitisation, a strong delayed reaction has been observed in humans; 13 days may elapse between exposure and the appearance of eczema. Thus, all skin contact should be avoided during application of herbicides containing propachlor.
Zeitschrift für die gesamte Hygiene und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1983, Vol.29, No.11, p.675-677. 13 ref.

CIS 84-1991 Stovall G.K., Levin L., Oler J.
Occupational dermatitis among hairdressers. A multifactor analysis
An epidemiologic field study was conducted on 333 female and 72 male hairdressers working in 150 shops to determine the relationship of dermatitis to a medical history of allergy, frequency of specific product use, sex, and number of years on the job. Work practices and procedures were observed and chemical inventories taken during on-site visits to 100 beauty salons. Analysis indicated a significant association between the occurrence of dermatitis and a medically confirmed history of allergy which decreased with increasing number of years of hairdressing, indicating that highly susceptible individuals probably leave such work. No significant relation between dermatitis and the levels of frequency of product use was found. Methods of controlling and preventing occupational dermatitis among hairdressers and research into specific aetiological factors of such dermatitis are discussed.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Dec. 1983, Vol.25, No.12, p.871-878. 16 ref.

CIS 84-1989 Adams R.M.
Occupational skin disease
Contents: dermatitis due to irritation and allergic sensitisation; physical and biologic causes; urticaria; acne and chloracne; skin cancer; nail disorders; diagnosis; patch testing; treatment, prevention and rehabilitation; medico-legal aspects; plant survey and inspection; soaps and detergents; metals; plastics; paints, varnishes and lacquers; solvents and plasticisers; natural and synthetic rubber; petroleum and petroleum derivatives; plants and woods; pesticides and other agricultural chemicals; occupations, their irritants and allergens.
Grune and Stratton Inc., 111 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, 1983. 477p. Illus. Over 1,600 ref. Index. Price: US$69.50.

CIS 84-1987 Romaguera C., Vilaplana J., Grimalt F., Mascaró J.M., Carreras E.
Prophylaxis of chromium and nickel sensitised patients with a topically administered cosmetic preparation
Profilaxis de los pacientes con sensibilización al cromo y al níquel, con un preparado cosmético de utilización tópica [in Spanish]
Description of the clinical methodology followed to obtain a prophylactic cream usable in workers sensitised to chromium and nickel. The composition of the cream was: 10% silicone, 2% glyceryl lactate, 2% glycine, 1% tartaric acid, in addition to the excipient. 25% of the workers tested were able to continue working without contact dermatitis developing. 35% developed occasional eczema, while the cream proved ineffective in 40% of the cases. The cream was more useful against chromium sensitised reactions than against nickel sensitised ones, while it was useless in the case of cobalt sensitisation.
Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 1983, Vol.3, No.11, p.27-32. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 84-1956 Popov I., Dărlenski B., Mladenova S.
Occupational dermatoses among agricultural workers in green-house production of vegetables
Professionalni dermatozi sred selskostopanskite rabotnici v oranžerijnoto zelenčukoproisvodstvo [in Bulgarian]
During a prophylactic examination, occupational dermatoses and eczemas were found in 15 (12.93%) of 116 agricultural workers from green-house vegetable production. Occupational contact allergic dermatitis was found in 10. The insecticide Akrex was the most frequent etiological sensitisation factor. Polyethylene gloves are recommended for personal protection.
Higiena i zdraveopazvane, 1983, Vol.26, No.3, p.214-217. 12 ref.

CIS 84-1398 Mathias C.G.T., Andersen K.E., Hamann K.
Allergic contact dermatitis from 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, a paint mildewcide
A batch maker in a paint manufacturing company developed a recurring dermatitis resembling a poison ivy rash. Patch testing showed the dermatitis to be an allergic response to the title compound, the active ingredient in an anti-mildew component of the paint. Because the compound is highly corrosive, care must be taken in patch testing to avoid false positive tests and inadvertent sensitisation.
Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1983, Vol.9, No.6, p.507-509. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 84-1397 Pickering F.C., Ive F.A.
Allergic contact dermatitis due to highly reactive halogenated compounds
Ten cases of dermatitis in a fine organic chemicals plant are reported. The cases were all due to exposure to chemical compounds with reactive bromine or chlorine atoms. Although such compounds are irritant, the reaction in these cases seems to be allergic. The compounds in question are: bromomethyl-4-nitrobenzene, bromophthalide, α,2-dichloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde oxime, and 3-bromo-3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)propionic acid.
Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1983, Vol.9, No.6, p.500-503. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 84-1396 LeVine M.J.
Occupational photosensitivity to diaminodiphenylmethane
A telephone service installer developed redness and blisters on skin exposed to the sun. Patch testing showed the reaction to be due to the title compound, a component of insulating material. This is the first report of the compound's photosensitising potential. As transfer to other work was impossible, the worker's condition was treated by shielding his skin with cloth or sun-blocking ointment.
Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1983, Vol.9, No.6, p.488-490. 3 ref.

CIS 84-1395 Pedersen N.B., Senning A., Nielsen A.O.
Different sensitising acrylic monomers in Napp printing plate
Three chemically pure fractions were isolated from Napp printing plate and subsequently identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectrophotometry and elemental analysis. One of the fractions elicited positive reactions in 3 Napp-allergic printers, and another fraction elicited a positive response in one of them. The 2 allergens were 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide. Hydroxyethyl methacrylate was also found in another printing plate, Nyloprint WD.
Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1983, Vol.9, No.6, p.459-464. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 84-1394 Rycroft R.J.C.
Allergic contact dermatitis from a novel diamino intermediate, 5-((2-aminoethyl)thiomethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-furanmethanamine, in laboratory synthesis
Half of the 12 chemists working on the development of a new pharmaceutical product developed rashes as a result of exposure to the title compound. The case of one of these workers is described in detail. Patch testing showed that the final product was not allergenic. The unsubstituted amino group of the 2-aminoethyl moiety is apparently essential for the title compound's activity as a hapten. Although the chemists working with the compound wore rubber gloves, the occurrence of new cases of dermatitis was halted only by transfer of the synthesis to a pilot plant with a completely closed system.
Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1983, Vol.9, No.6, p.456-458. Illus.

CIS 84-1355 Nava C., Beretta F., Elena A., Ghizzi A., Pattarin R., Villa L.
Allergic dermatitis due to improvers and other flour additives
Le dermatiti allergiche da miglioranti e da altri additivi per farine [in Italian]
5 cases of contact eczematous dermatitis occurring in workers producing paste and bread are described. Positive patch tests were obtained with persulfates, benzoylperoxide and iodates, azodicarbonamide, and soy and broad bean meal. Brief notes on the additives are included.
Medicina del lavoro, Sep.-Oct. 1983, Vol.74, No.5, p.376-379. 9 ref.

CIS 84-1341 Hay R.J., Campbell C.K., Wingfield R., Clayton Y.M.
A comparative study of dermatophytosis in coal miners and dermatological outpatients
234 coalminers and 244 dermatological patients, all with tinea pedis, were compared. Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest causation organism in both groups (71% and 77% respectively). Susceptibility factors such as atopy are less important in coalminers, in whom there is a high risk of endemic dermatophytosis.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1983, Vol.40, No.3, p.353-355. 10 ref.

CIS 84-1327 Nethercott J.R., Jakubovic H.R., Pilger C., Smith J.W.
Allergic contact dermatitis due to urethane acrylate in ultraviolet cured inks
7 cases are reported: 6 were allergic and one irritant. A urethane acrylate resin accounted for 5 cases of sensitisation, one of which was also sensitive to pentaerythritol triacrylate and another also to an epoxy acrylate resin. One case was an allergy to trimethylpropane triacrylate. The process is described, in which plastic containers had print applied to their exterior surface by offset printing and were then led past a bank of intense UV lamps to dry the printed surface. In addition to patch tests on the affected workers, studies on the sensitisation and irritancy potentials of the acrylates and of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate are reported.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1983, Vol.40, No.3, p.241-250. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 84-1120 Ernst B., Schmidt O.
Hard gamma-ray irradiation of cutting fluids - A method of reducing skin damage
Bestrahlung von Kühlschmierstoffen mit harter Gamma-Strahlung - Ein Weg zur Reduktion von Hautschäden [in German]
In a metalworking shop (grinding, lathe work) a study was conducted on the influence of irradiation by cobalt-60 (replacing bactericides) of cutting fluids on the incidence of skin damage. The source activity of cobalt-60 was 1Ci; this replaced 125kg of bactericides during the study period of 7 months. Test conditions are described, as well as the required activity level of the source. Irradiation is shown to be an effective steriliser, and results in a markedly lower incidence of traumatic eczema. There was no negative influence on the quality of cutting fluids or on the health of workers.
Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Präventivmedizin, 1983, Vol.18, No.4, p.79-82. 6 ref.

CIS 84-1067 Jeansson I., Löfström A., Lidblom A.
Study of complaints related to carbonless copy paper
Utredning angående besvär av självkopierande papper [in Swedish]
Complaints thought to be caused by carbonless copy paper were investigated by toxicological appraisal of the chemical contents of the papers and by skin tests and other examinations of patients. Chemical ingredients vary considerably from one commercially available brand to another, and the complaints could not be traced to any particular brand. No case was found, among the 148 patients examined, in which the handling of carbonless copy paper was directly relatable to medical problems. Other factors, such as the handling of paper generally, atopy, etc., are discussed as contributory factors. English translation available from Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, 250 Main Street E., Hamilton, Ont. L8n 1H6, Canada. (CCOHS translation series, No.127).
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 76p. 65 ref.

CIS 84-1051 Allergology - Seminar held in Stockholm, 27 Sept. 1982
Allergologi - Seminarium i Stockholm 1982-09-27 [in Swedish]
Proceedings of a seminar, presenting an overview of current knowledge about allergies and hypersensitivity. Contents: allergies (definitions, types of allergic reactions, prevalence, genetic and environmental factors, allergic diseases, diagnosis); non-allergic hyperreactions (definitions, pathophysiology, prevalence, genetic and environmental factors, clinical tables of bronchial asthma, of chronic bronchitis with emphysema, of allergic rhinitis; diagnosis); examination of the general problem and needs for further research.
Arbetarskyddsfonden, Box 1122, 111 81 Stockholm, Sweden, Nov. 1983. 21p.

CIS 84-1042 Vézina N., Beauvais A., Mergler D.
Warts: an occupational disease
Les verrues: une maladie professionnelle [in French]
The aim of this survey was to evaluate the prevalence of warts among workers in 8 poultry slaughterhouses in Quebec and to determine the specific environmental factors that could favour the development and propagation of the viruses causing warts. The distribution by age, seniority and sex of those responding to the questionnaire (569) was similar to that of those sent the questionnaire (1194). The prevalence of warts among the workers was 28.5% (Papilloma virus), while only 5.9% had warts before their employment in slaughterhouses. In the general population, the prevalence of warts is between 7 and 10%, with a peak around the age of 14 years. In poultry slaughterhouses, the highest incidence (38.17%) occurs among workers of 25-29 years. Among workers with 4-6 years of seniority, the incidence is 40.6%. Factors significantly associated with warts are: high humidity, wearing of steel-mesh gloves that were too large, work with saws and the handling of cold objects.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1983, Vol.44, No.8, p.551-558. Illus. 26 ref.

CIS 84-1035 Beck M.H., King C.M.
Allergic contact dermatitis to epichlorhydrin in a solvent cement
Case report of a 51-year-old plumber handling PVC pipes and displaying a persistent, irritable, vesicular and occasionally bullous rash spreading from the tips of the fingers to the sides and palmar aspects of the fingers and hands. He showed a vesiculo-bullous reaction to 0.1% epichlorohydrin in alcohol and 0.5% in petroleum.
Contact Dermatitis, July 1983, Vol.9, No.4, p.315. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 84-1034 White I.R., Stewart J.R., Rycroft R.J.G.
Allergic contact dermatitis from an organic diisocyanate
Allergic contact dermatitis occurring in 6 of 7 women exposed to dicyclohexylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate used to form a surface-coating polyurethane on car badges is reported. The chief problem was the need to apply resin to part of the badges by hand on account of their particular shape.
Contact Dermatitis, July 1983, Vol.9, No.4, p.300-303. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 84-1033 Johnsson M., Buhagen M., Leira H.L., Solvang S.
Fungicide-induced contact dermatitis
An epidemic of contact dermatitis in a wood products factory attributed to tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (TCPN) is related. 14 of 20 workers had work-related skin complaints, half of which were of allergic origin. TCPN appears to have strong irritant and allergenic properties.
Contact Dermatitis, July 1983, Vol.9, No.4, p.285-288. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 84-813 Hilt B., Heldaas S.S., Langård S.
Can occupational exposure contribute to the development of malignant melanoma of the skin?
This letter briefly reviews suspected causes of malignant melanoma. Industrial chemicals that have been suggested include arsenic, polychlorinated biphenyls, alcohol and α-chloroacetophenone. Recent studies of an increased incidence at plants producing polyvinyl chloride and asbestos products are reported. The question of the mechanism of action is discussed: inhaled vinyl chloride monomer migrates to the subcutaneous layers of the skin after a short time. Transcutaneous penetration of asbestos fibres is a possibility.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 1 Feb. 1983, Vol.9, No.1, p.52-53. 10 ref.

CIS 84-851 Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac
This revised data sheet describes the hazardous plants that produce urushiol which causes contact dermatitis. Contents: varities of poison ivy and related plants; dermatitis sensitivity; contraction of dermatitis; first aid; prevention and protection.
National Safety News, May 1983, Vol.127, No.5, p.55-58. Illus. 1 ref.

CIS 84-746 Langauer-Lewowicka H.
Nailfolds capillary abnormalities in polyvinyl chloride production workers
Nailfold capillary abnormalities occurred in 48 (40%) of 120 workers at a PVC production plant. There was no correlation with length of exposure, age, or immunoglobulin concentrations. The commonest findings were spastic changes with an atonic component, giant Raynaud's loops, and a scleroderma-like picture. Nailfold capillaroscopy could be a useful non-invasive technique for identification of peripheral microvascular changes due to vinyl chloride.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr. 1983, Vol.51, No.4, p.337-340. 14 ref.

CIS 84-496 Skin disease and occupation
Dermatoses et professions [in French]
Review and classification of occupational skin diseases: skin defence mechanisms; skin diseases caused by chemical agents (general, aetiopathology, diagnosis, monitoring, prevention); skin diseases caused by physical agents (mechanical or thermal, X and UV radiation); skin cancers; skin diseases caused by biological agents (viral, microbial or parasitic, mycoses); a list of risk factors presented by professions according to ILO International Standard Classification of Occupations is appended.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1983. 95p. 8 ref. Price: SF.15.00.

CIS 84-481 Stevenson C.J., Morgan P.R.
Investigation and prevention of chromate dermatitis in colour television manufacture
The manufacturing process, which involves handling of "phosphors" (potentially fluorescent materials, not related to phosphorus, nor active as skin irritants) incorporated in polyvinyl alcohol, and ammonium dichromate, is described. 20 cases of occupational dermatitis occurred, the major cause of which was sensitivity to ammonium dichromate. Steps taken to minimise exposure by improved technology are described. No new cases have been reported since the changes were put into effect in 1976.
Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine, Jan. 1983, Vol.33, No.1, p.19-20. 3 ref.

CIS 84-379
Health and Safety Executive
Visual display units
Contents of this information booklet: introduction and general considerations; possible health effects (no evidence of connection between VDUs and radiation exposure, cataracts, photosensitive epilepsy, or facial dermatitis; complaints of visual and body fatigue are traceable to bad workstation design); introduction of VDUs (general considerations; planning; communication and consultation; user involvement; job design; training; technical constraints; rest pauses; text format; source documents; the visual display unit screen and keyboard; workplace design; personal factors); appendices (bibliography and description of typical tasks).
H.M. Stationery Office, 49 High Holborn, London WC1V 6HB, United Kingdom, 1983. 29p. Illus. 11 ref. Price: £5.00.

CIS 84-469 Olumide Y.M., Oleru G.U., Enu C.C.
Cutaneous implications of excessive heat in the work-place
9 patients developed a rash while working in a dry-cell manufacturing plant. Patch tests showed that clothing accounted for the dermatitis in 5 of the patients. One of them who worked with bitumen had an acneiform eruption and eye irritation. Environmental measurements indicated excessive environmental heat (wet and dry bulb temperatures of 91°F), sweating and maceration as predisposing factors for the development of clothing dermatitis in workers who wore dark-coloured uniforms (dye bleeding). Their working posture also made the anterior abdominal wall highly vulnerable.
Contact Dermatitis, Sep. 1983, Vol.9, No.5, p.360-363. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 84-468 Hansen K.S.
Occupational dermatoses in hospital cleaning women
In an investigation of 541 members of a hospital cleaning department, a prevalence rate of occupational disease of 15.3% was found. 39.1% of those surveyed had a skin disease at one time or another during their hospital employment. An observed higher prevalence in the younger age groups can be explained by the selection of those with skin diseases for work away from the cleaning department. Many persons developed their disease shortly after employment began, which indicated that most conditions were irritant diseases. This was confirmed by diagnosis: 75% of the conditions were irritant dermatitis (formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, chloramine, nickel, rubber), 21% were allergic contact dermatitis (detergents, alkaline substances, acids, sodium perborate, hypochlorite and hypobromite compounds), and 4% were monilia of the finger webs. Causes of irritant dermatitis were detergents, alkaline substances, acids, sodium perborate, and hypochlorite-hypobromite combinations. The problems can be alleviated by prophylactic measures.
Contact Dermatitis, Sep. 1983, Vol.9, No.5, p.343-351. 53 ref.

CIS 84-451 Black C.M., Welsh K.I., Walker A.E., Bernstein R.M., Catoggio L.J., McGregor A.R., Lloyd Jones J.K.
Genetic susceptibility to scleroderma-like syndrome induced by vinyl chloride
As part of a 5-year follow-up study, HLA A, B, and DR antigens and anti-centromere and anti-scleroderma-70 antibodies were determined in 21 workers who had a severe form of scleroderma-like syndrome and 23 who had a milder form of the disease, after exposure to vinyl chloride (VC) monomer in the course of polyvinyl chloride production. Healthy workers and patients with classical scleroderma were used as controls. 11 of the patients with severe VC disease were DR3 positive and 8 of these had both B8 and DR3 antigens. None of the 23 patients with mild disease carried either antigen. The HLA-antigen frequencies in VC disease mirrored those found in scleroderma; however, there were significant differences in the frequency of autoantibodies in the two conditions.
Lancet, 1983, Vol.1, No.8314/5, p.53-55. 11 ref.

CIS 84-390 Fluorescent lamps and health
Lampes fluorescentes et santé [in French]
Review of possible ill effects of fluorescent lighting and a possible causal relation between this type of lighting and skin cancer. A review of the literature and a critical analysis of a recent publication linking melanoma with fluorescent lighting in workplaces in Australia refutes the proposed linkage. The Working Group on Ultraviolet of the Industrial Hygiene section of the High Council for Public Health (Conseil supérieur d'hygiène publique) of France has accepted the equation of minimal erythemal dose (MED) with minimal melanogenic dose (MMD); this equation is based on recent research. Only ultraviolet light in the B and C regions of the spectrum is carcinogenic; A-region ultraviolet is not. Fluorescent lamps emit only ultraviolet A, and at low levels which may actually be beneficial.
Centre d'information de l'éclairage, 52, boulevard Malesherbes, 75008 Paris, France, Jan. 1983, Hors Série No.8, 4p. 18 ref.

CIS 84-298 Decree No.83-996 of 8 November 1983 revising and completing the schedules of occupational diseases annexed to decree No.46-2959 of 31 December 1946
Décret n°83-996 du 8 novembre 1983 révisant et complétant les tableaux des maladies professionnelles annexés au décret n°46-2959 du 31 décembre 1946 [in French]
Two new schedules have been added to the schedules of occupational diseases annexed to the decree of 31 Dec. 1946: No.77 - perionyxis and onyxis of occupational origin; No.78 - disorders due to sodium chloride exposure in salt mines and associated facilities.
Journal officiel de la République française, 19 nov. 1983, Vol.115, No.268, p.3377.

CIS 84-195 Conde-Salazar L., Guimaraens D., Romero L.V., Sanchez Yus E.
Subcorneal pustular eruption and erythema from occupational exposure to trichloroethylene
The case is reported of a women who had worked for 8 years in a cutlery factory in contact with various cleaning and storage products. For 3 years she had experienced intense itching all over her body at work, with development of erythematous lesions which became exfoliative. Biopsy of a lesion showed spongiform pustules at the subcorneal level with some extension to the malpighian layer, and some ¿dema and a mixed perivascular infiltration in the upper dermis. The lesions could be reproduced by both general and local exposure to trichloroethylene.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1983, Vol.9, No.3, p.235-237. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 84-194 Mathias C.G.T.
Persistent contact dermatitis from the insecticide dichlorvos
The case is reported of a truck driver who developed persistent dermatitis of the neck after accidental skin contamination with dichlorvos, which he was carrying in his truck. He also experienced frontal headache, mild rhinorrhoea, burning of the tongue, and a bitter taste in the mouth. Negative patch tests suggested that the dermatitis was due to a primary irritant effect of dichlorvos on the skin. The dermatitis persisted for 2 months after exposure.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1983, Vol.9, No.3, p.217-218. 2 ref.

CIS 84-193 Bruze M., Fregert S.
Allergic contact dermatitis from ethylenethiourea
A case of a woman who had worked for 13 years sewing products of synthetic and natural rubber is reported. An itching eruption began on the fingers and spread to the forearms. Patch tests were positive for ethylenethiourea (ETU) and maneb (manganous ethylenebisdithiocarbamate) which was shown to contain ETU by thin-layer chromatography. Testing with ETU should be done in cases of allergy to products containing ethylenebisdithiocarbamate and rubber products of which the ingredients are unknown.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1983, Vol.9, No.3, p.208-212. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 84-192 Widström L.
Contact allergy to colophony in soldering flux
3 case reports are briefly described. Aspects discussed: the soldering process, colophony (rosin) production, and its use in the electronics industry. In spite of increasing automation, much soldering work is still done by hand.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1983, Vol.9, No.3, p.205-207. 9 ref.

CIS 84-191 Rystedt I., Fischer T.
Relationship between nickel and cobalt sensitization in hard metal workers
Of 853 powder metallurgy workers patch-tested with 20 substances from the work environment, 2 men and 38 women were sensitive to nickel. 40% of these had had severe hand eczema, generally within 6-12 months of starting work. 25% of the nickel-sensitive subjects developed cobalt allergy, compared with 5% in the group at large. Nickel sensitivity and eczema appeared to precede the cobalt allergy. Eczema was more severe in individuals with simultaneous sensitivity to nickel and cobalt than to a single metal. 95% of the women allergic to nickel had pierced ear lobes, and the use of earrings containing nickel after piercing is thought to be a major cause of nickel sensitivity. Individuals with a history of jewellery dermatitis should be patch-tested before employment in the cemented-carbide industry.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1983, Vol.9, No.3, p.195-200. 25 ref.

CIS 84-190 Peltonen L., Fräki J.
Prevalence of dichromate sensitivity
822 healthy volunteers were tested in Finland. 2% of the 410 men and 1.5% of the 412 women had a positive patch test reaction to 0.5% potassium dichromate in petrolatum. 10 of the 14 positive reactions occurred among the 110 offset printers, lithographers and printing plant cleaners, who were exposed occupationally to chromium. Eczema of the hand or face was present in 11 of the 14 subjects with a positive response. In 2981 clinic patients tested over 5 years, the result was positive in 6.8% of the men and 2.8% of the women. Industries with a rate of over 10% were: building, radio and TV, graphics, and leather. The rates were again much higher in subjects with occupational eczema of the hands.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1983, Vol.9, No.3, p.190-194. Illus. 18 ref.

CIS 84-258 Roure M.C., Perrusset F., Loriot J., Petiet G., Raix A., Proteau J.
Cases of toxic skin problems in people handling carbonless copy paper
A propos de quelques cas de toxicité cutanée lors de l'emploi de papiers autocopiants [in French]
Description of subjective and objective symptoms occurring in 22 people out of 35 exposed. An aetiologic survey showed evidence of previous allergies in 3 subjects, and enabled a distinction to be made between the risks due to "transfer-contact" and "chemical-contact" copy papers. Suggestions for preventive measures are given.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1983, Vol.44, No.1, p.50-51.

CIS 84-47 Javelaud B., Michal G., Lauze J.
External arsenic poisoning: effects of external contamination by arsenic dust on the skin and mucosae: 496 occupational diseases observed between 1943 and 1979 in a mispickel smelter and a review of the literature
De l'arsenicisme externe: effets de la contamination externe par les poussières arsenicales sur la peau et les muqueuses: à propos de 496 maladies professionnelles observées de 1943 à 1979 dans une fonderie de mispickel et d'une revue de littérature [in French]
Of 631 occupational diseases compensated between 1943 and 1979 in a smelter, 600 involved external arsenic poisoning due to arsenical contamination of the skin (dermatitis, sores) and the mucosae (conjunctivitis, rhinitis, perforation of the nasal septum, bronchitis). As 104 of the occupational diseases were reported imprecisely, the remaining 496 were studied with respect to the location of the lesion and the occurrence in time of 375 dermatitis cases and 95 sores. Technical and medical preventive measures are discussed.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1983, Vol.44, No.3, p.183-192. 45 ref.

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