Road transportation - 1,331 entries found

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1974

CIS 75-799 Rumler K.
Atmospheric pollution due to lead, merely a hazard?
Die Umweltverschmutzung durch Blei nur eine Gefahr? [in German]
Results of a survey to obtain an approximate idea of the present degree of poisoning of the population by lead and mercury atmospheric pollution. The survey was directed particularly at groups of persons who were obliged by their occupation to travel long distances by motor car (managers, salesmen, etc.). Aspects considered: clinical symptoms, sources of mercury and lead contamination, mechanism of lead impregnation and prevention.
Österreichische Ärztezeitung, 10 June 1974, Vol.29, No.11, p.689-705. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 75-798
Ministry of Nature Protection and Environment (Ministère de la protection de la nature et de l'environnement), Paris.
Circular of 14 January 1974 on central works for hot coating of road materials
Circulaire du 14 janvier 1974 relative aux centrales d'enrobage à chaud de matériaux routiers. [in French]
This circular relates to both temporary and permanent works. It deals with the dust content of gases when emitted, incidents affecting dust removal, height of chimneys, emission speed of gases, raising of dust, functioning of purifying plant, inspections, measurements of fallout, other obnoxious emanations (noise, vibrations, or odours), water pollution and waste.
Cahiers des Comités de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics, Mar.-Apr. 1974, No.2, p.100-104.

CIS 75-805 Specifications for agricultural power take-off shafts and guards.
The purpose of this standard is to assist future design by the rationalisation of the principal features of the connections of agricultural machines, implements and trailers to tractors. Its primary concern is the requirements of power take-off driven (p.t.o.) agricultural machines, but its provisions should also assist tractor designers and manufacturers. Definitions are followed by sections devoted to: marking; relationship between power input connection and drawbar height; p.t.o. shaft sizes; shaft lengths for single-extension p.t.o.; power input connections (p.i.c.) and yokes; p.t.o. shaft guards and p.i.c. guards. Specifications concerning the testing of p.t.o. shaft guards (freezing test, impact test, retaining chain test, etc.), form of test report and reference to regulations on the subject are appended.
BS 3417:1974, British Standards Institution, 2 Park Street, London W1A 2BS, United Kingdom, June 1974. 24p. Illus. 3 ref. Price: £2.00.

CIS 75-680 Rentzsch M.
Noise measurement and measures to be taken to reduce noise in driver's cabs of transport vehicles and earthmoving equipment
Mesure du bruit et dispositions à prendre pour réduire le bruit dans les cabines de conduite des engins de transport et des engins de chantier. [in French]
Translation of: Geräuschmessungen und Massnahmen zur Lärmminderung in Fahrerkabinen von Förder- und Baumaschinen. Hebezeuge und Fördermittel, Berlin (Ostsektor), Dec. 1969, Vol.9, No.12, p.365-368. Illus. 5 ref. Taking as example a UB 20 excavator manufactured in Eastern Germany, the author studies the phenomenon of noise transmission from source (engine, gearbox, etc.) to driver's cab and analyses the noise (airborne or structure borne) in the cab, and examines various noise abatement measures on a reduced-scale model cab: antivibration coating, porous absorbent. As the efficacy of these measures was apparent only at 250kHz or more, the article stresses the necessity for improving the insulation of the sources of noise already at the machine construction stage.
Traduction INRS 6 B-74, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1974. 11p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 75-641 Assembling and disassembling a brake air receiver
Montage et démontage d'un vase de poumon de frein. [in French]
Analysis of an accident which occurred while disassembling a brake system. An uncoiling spring caused facial injuries to the worker doing the job. A device was designed to prevent recurrence of such accidents, comprising the following basic components: a base plate with 2 threaded studs and a yoke held by nuts, devised to prevent the spring from uncoiling suddenly. Instructions for assembly and disassembly are given.
Faire équipe, May 1974. p. 16-17. Illus.

CIS 75-838
Note technique n°115, Central Coordinating Committee (Comité central de coordination), Paris, 27 June 1973.
Platforms and safety
Les quais et la sécurité. [in French]
This data note applies to road and railway loading platforms, and excludes riverside and seaboard quays: it deals only with hazards arising from movements of persons and vehicles. Definitions, hazards and preventive measures (dimensions, design and equipment of platforms, nature of floors, means of access, lighting, signals, etc.).
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 3rd quarter 1974, No.76, Note No.921-76-74, p.445-455. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 75-837 Seashore C.G., Lundquist E.C.
The scientific application of optics and accident prevention to mirror vision for commercial drivers
L'application scientifique de l'optique et de la prévention des accidents à l'utilisation du rétroviseur chez les conducteurs professionnels. [in French]
Translation of: The scientific application of optics and accident prevention to mirror vision for commercial drivers. Society of Automotive Engineers Inc., 485 Lexington Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017, USA, Jan. 1968. 5p. Illus. 2 ref. "Blind spots" occur when the usual flat mirrors are used on commercial vehicles and buses. The authors describe a combination of flat and convex mirrors, designed to eliminate such spots.
Traduction INRS 25 B-74, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1974. 13p. Illus.

CIS 75-579 Hansson J.E., Pettersson B.
Ergonomic checklist for transport vehicles and industrial trucks
Liste de contrôle ergonomique pour les véhicules de transport et les chariots de manutention. [in French]
French translation of: Ergonomic checklist for transport and materials handling machinery. Forskningsstiftelsen Skogsarbeten, Drottninggatan 97, S-113 60 Stockholm, Sweden, 1969. 20p. Illus. This checklist comprises the following sections: means of access to cabin, cabin and work position, seat, controls, instruments, visibility, vibration and shaking, lighting, cabin microclimate, noise, exhaust gases, and maintenance. Its use has been made as simple as possible; the only answers possible under each heading are yes or no. Space is provided under each heading for an over-all appraisal (very poor, fairly poor, indifferent, fairly good, very good).
Traduction INRS 24 B-74, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1974. 23p. Illus.

CIS 75-511 Driver's manual for forestry tractors
Manuel du conducteur de tracteur forestier. [in French]
Profusely illustrated handbook. Contents: what makes a skilled driver; maintenance; safety tips for transport of logs (before starting up, on starting up, in logging operations, on switching off); safety equipment on the tractor; moving the tractor from one logging site to another.
Centre technique du bois, 10 avenue de St-Mandé, 75012 Paris, France, undated. 32p. Illus.

CIS 75-596 Dunajewski H.
Decisions to improve working conditions without influencing productivity: Study of a specific case in garages in France
Decisions d'amélioration des conditions de travail sans influence sur la productivité: Etude d'un cas particulier aux garages en France. [in French]
Study of the reasons inducing employers to invest in improvements in working conditions without a corresponding increase in productivity. Test employed: equipment for elimination of exhaust gases in garages. Under the French regulations, the provisions of which are quoted, its installation is not mandatory. A questionnaire was sent to 2,000 garages; 302 replies were received. Among garages that had not installed such equipment, the proportion of those with economic motives was very small compared with those offering technical reasons. In garages in which it was installed, business considerations had overriden social or sanitary criteria. The majority considered that the short-term profitability of this equipment is insignificant, but admit that the investment is justified. Several tables show the influence of geographical situation and the economic, industrial and social environment of their business on garage owners. Conclusion: this equipment in installed above all by large garages, in which the social pressure exerted by a large qualified staff is by no means negligible. Undertakings concerned with short- and medium-term profitability are less in favour of social expenditure than those that take the long-term view.
Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris. Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail, Aix-en-Provence, France, Sep. 1973. 157p.

CIS 75-541 Holtmann W.
Vehicle maintenance
Fahrzeug-Instandhaltung [in German]
Referring to the "safety rules for vehicle repairs" (ZH 1/454), published by the Federation of Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations (Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften) and applicable to vehicle repair workshops of public transport undertakings amd maintenance shops for fork lift trucks, the author recalls the equipment features required and the relevant safety rules. Contents: exits and doors; inspection pits; electrical installations and equipment; protection against fires and explosions; cleaning; evacuation of cleaning products and used oils; work with naked flame and spark-producing operations; anticorrosive coating of chassis; ventilation; prohibition of smoking; fire extinguishers; securing of vehicles; car lifts; inflation of tyres on sectional rims; testing jets; wheel balancing; driving. A check-list and a list of relevant German safety regulations are appended.
Tiefbau-Berufsgenossenschaft, Apr. 1974, Vol.86, No.4, p.170-179. Illus.

CIS 75-529 Safety manuals - Worksite equipment: 2. Tracked vehicles (tractors)
Manuels de sécurité - Engins de chantier: 2. Tracteurs sur chenilles. [in French]
The points covered by this manual are illustrated by numerous cartoons. Contents: practical information (vocational training, driving licence, legislation); brief description of principal accessories and equipment; safety rules and check-list before starting up; safety rules during operation; principal hazards (type of ground, worksite, electric lines, land clearing, tree felling, bole and root extraction); behaviour (alcohol, inattention, etc.); breakdowns; moving the tractor between worksites; parking; maintenance.
Edition INRS n°499, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1974. 72p. Illus.

CIS 75-26 Manufacture, transportation and storage of fireworks.
This code is intended to prevent accidents in the manufacture, storage and transportation of fireworks. The provisions cover permits and records, process-building construction and separation distances, electrical equipment and lighting, fire and explosion prevention, construction of and operations in storage buildings and magazines, transportation.
NFPA No.44A, National Fire Protection Association, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, USA, 1974. 44p. Price: US-$3.00.

CIS 75-25 Portable shipping tanks.
This standard deals with portable shipping tanks with a capacity of 230-2,500l used for flammable and combustible liquids with a flashpoint below 93°C. After definitions of scope and terms, individual chapters deal with the design and construction of portable shipping tanks, valves and vents, filling and emptying.
NFPA No.386, National Fire Protection Association, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, USA, 1974. 12p. Illus. Price: US-$2.00.

CIS 75-196 Conynck G.
Safe working methods in repair and maintenance shops for agricultural and similar machinery
La sécurité dans les ateliers de réparation et d'entretien des engins agricoles et assimilés [in French]
Description of the hazards involved in work with tractors, agricultural machinery other than tractors (with special reference to combine harvesters) and their various parts, and appropriate preventive measures. Maintenance of tractor engines involves problems of stability; repair of caterpillar tracks involves the hazard of projected metal fragments. Work on combine harvester engines requires the setting up of a working platform, movable and with a non-slip floor surface and guard rails. Mention is made of traffic hazards in driving these vehicles, repair shop hygiene, general environmental questions and handling hazards when taking delivery of this type of machinery.
Regional Sickness Insurance Fund for Northern France (Caisse régionale d'assurance maladie du Nord de la France), 11 boulevard Vauban, 59024 Lille Cedex, France, 1974. 15p. 4 ref. Gratis.

CIS 75-5 Accidents during delivery in food shops
Accidents de livraison dans les commerces de l'alimentation. [in French]
This recommendation results from an inquiry into several accidents occurring during food delivery and related operations in food shops. It advocates improvemment of handling conditions and methods (greater use of mechanisation, equipping vehicles with accessory handling aids), training of drivers and warehouse porters, wearing of suitable personal protective equipment, etc.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, Recommandation No.110, National Joint Technical Committee for Food Industries and Trades (Comité technique national des industries et commerces de l'alimentation), Paris, 16 Nov. 1973. Paris, France, 2nd quarter 1974, No.75, Note No.905-75-74, p.287-288.

CIS 75-192 Hefti J.
Built-in protection for tractor drivers (safety frame or cab) can no longer be delayed
La mise en place d'un dispositif de protection pour le conducteur (arceau, cadre ou cabine de sécurité) ne peut plus être différée davantage. [in French]
The author stresses the necessity for having proper protection for the driver as a feature incorporated in tractors, describing successful efforts made in this direction in Sweden and Germany (Fed.Rep.). He refutes the following arguments put forward by the principal opponents of this type of protection: low incidence rate of tractor overturns and high cost of protection; probability of fatal outcome in any case if the tractor rolls over more than once; hope of finding a solution to the problem with technical progress and safety engineering; protection of this kind, these opponents allege, only increase negligent habits and foolhardiness among drivers, and impede the passage of tractors through doorways.
Technique agricole, Mar. 1974, Vol.36, No.4, p.153-154, No.5, p.195-196, and Apr. 1974, No.6, p.245-248. Illus.

CIS 74-1764 Burri W.R.
Poisoning and explosion hazards in motor car repair workshops, garages and car-wash tunnels
Vergiftungs- und Explosionsgefahren in Autoreparaturwerkstätten, -einstellräumen und -waschstrassen [in German]
Risques d'intoxication et d'explosion dans les ateliers de réparation d'automobiles, dans les garages et dans les tunnels de lavage. [in French]
This booklet deals principally, in its first part, with the poisoning hazards of exhaust gases from running engines (composition of exhaust gases, carbon monoxide toxicology and monitoring, ventilation, etc.). The hazards inherent in cleaning engines and engine parts with soluble oils, petrol or chlorinated hydrocarbons and in operating car-wash tunnels are also discussed. The second part deals with explosion hazards and their causes (ignition of air/petrol mixtures by electrical installations, welding, heating or naked flame). Explosive mixtures are especially liable to accumulate in motor-car repair pits.
Schweizerische Blätter für Arbeitssicherheit - Cahiers suisses de la sécurité du travail, Mar. 1974, No.114, 32p. Illus. Gratis.

CIS 74-1763 Automatic control on certain garbage collecting trucks
Automatik på vissa sophämtningsbilar [in Swedish]
Certain types of garbage-collecting trucks equipped with a garbage-compacting mechanism have caused injuries to workers whose hands or arms were caught when pressing the compactor control button. To prevent this type of accident, the following measures must be taken: the automatic control cycle must be activated only after the edges of the dust bin and the compactor plate have passed each other and are at least 100mm apart; the adjusting screw of the automatic control switch must be safely locked and made inaccessible; the start button must be flush with the truck body to avoid accidental operation; movable parts must be well visible from the operator's platform.
Meddelanden 1974:5, National Occupational Safety and Health Board (Kungliga Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen), Fack, Stockholm 34, Sweden, 21 Jan. 1974. 2p.

CIS 74-1553 Ulysse J.F.
Vehicle inspection pits - Construction, equipment and use
Les fosses de visite pour véhicules automobiles - Construction, aménagement et utilisation. [in French]
Review of hazards associated with inspection pits and recommendations for their prevention: construction and equipment of pits (materials used, means of access, coverings, water drainage, toxic gas exhaust, lighting, electrical system, etc.) and safety precautions during their use. Numerous practical applications are illustrated.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 1st quarter 1974, No.74, Note No.878-74-74, p.39-45. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 74-1274 Hansson J.E., Wikström B.O.
Vibration stress on drivers of forestry machines
Vibrationsbelastning på skogsmaskinförare [in Swedish]
Report of an investigation into the vibration to which drivers of modern off-the-road skidding tractors and logging machines are exposed via the seat. Vibrations was studied in vertical, lateral and forward-backward directions. The accelerometer signals recorded by telemetry were analysed in 1/3 octave bands. The vibration frequency was found to be mainly in the 0.25-4Hz range for both groups of machines. Acceleration levels varied greatly according to the type of machine. Comparison with a proposed ISO standard for evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration (ISO/DIS 2631) disclosed that the vibration of most machines was within the range of 1.5-5h of permissible exposure per day. The permissible limits recommended by the standard were exceeded on 2 of the logging machines. Horizontal vibrations had a critical effect on the duration of permissible exposure.
Institutionen för skogsteknik, Rapporter och uppsatser, Nr.67, 1974. Skogshögskolan, 770 73 Garpenberg, Sweden. 28p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: Swe-cr.25.00.

CIS 74-1433 Loading of round timber on trucks
Lastning av rundvirke på bil [in Swedish]
Subjects covered include: safety measures on trucks (load anchoring devices, etc.); loading and unloading (safe working methods, restricted areas, etc.).
Anvisningar nr.99, National Board of Occupational Safety and Health (Kungliga Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen), Stockholm, Jan. 1974. Svenska Reproduktions AB, Fack, 16210 Vällingby 1, Sweden. 6p.

CIS 74-1104 Four-wheeled tractors in agriculture
Vierwielige trekkers in de landbouw [in Dutch]
Directives for the safe equipment and operation of 4-wheeled tractors: safety frames and safety cabs; ergonomic design of driver's seats and pedals; mudguards on rear wheels; draw-bar assemblies; power take-off and intermediate shafts; instructions for drivers (starting, driving under various operating conditions, precautions against overturning and rearing, coupling and uncoupling of trailer and implements); hearing protection. Extracts from the Netherlands safety and health legislation are appended.
P no 29, Labour Inspectorate, Directorate General of Labour (Arbeidsinspectie, Directoraat-General van de Arbeid), Postbus 69, Voorburg, Netherlands, 6th edition, 1974. 11p. Illus.

1973

CIS 75-1509 Automobile series - Specification for vehicle lifts.
This standard specifies performance requirements to ensure the safe operation of all types of vehicle lifts designed to raise vehicles to a height of between 0.5m and 2.0m to examine or work on them. Sections cover: general requirements (factor of safety, electrical equipment, control means, rate of descent, chocks, ramps, toe clearance, guard rails, warning notices, marking, ancillary equipment); special requirements (hydraulic and pneumatic lifts, mechanical lifts, wire-rope or chain-operated lifts, mobile lifts, axle or chassis supports, multi-ram axle supporting lifts, etc.); installation (positioning, water separator for air supply line). Recommendations concerning maintenance and inspection and on the safe use of lifts in service are appended.
BS AU 161:1973, British Standards Institution, 2 Park Street, London W1A 2BS, United Kingdom, Apr. 1973. 7p. Illus. Price: £0.90.

CIS 75-554 Snow removal and ice control on highways.
This data sheet emphasises the need for advanced planning in the removal of snow and ice and deals with training of personnel, selection of equipment, inspection and maintenance, and snowploughing plans. Detailed information is provided for the application of salt and other chemicals.
Data Sheet 638, National Safety Council, 425 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA, 1973. 14p. Illus. 5 ref. Price: US-$0.50.

CIS 75-193 Specification for symbols and displays for control markings for agricultural tractors and machinery.
This standard specifies a classified schedule of symbols for controls and displays on agricultural tractors and machines, the symbols being classified into 5 main groups. It gives detailed designs for the range of symbols; against each symbol are explanatory notes on design handling and examples of use. A total of 100 symbols are shown, and examples of groups and combinations of symbols applicable to individual machines are illustrated in appended figures.
BS 4964:1973, British Standards Institution, 2 Park Street, London W1A 2BS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1973. 31p. Illus. Price: £3.00.

CIS 75-111 Road transport of hazardous chemicals - A manual of principal safety requirements.
This loose-leaf booklet contains recommendations for the safe carriage of chemicals by road, especially the transport of bulk chemicals in road tankers. Individual sections are devoted to: responsibilities of persons involved in chemicals haulage (manufacturers, transporters, distributors and receivers); factors to be considered when consigning chemicals for road transport (degree of risk, safe containment, segregation of chemicals, etc.); selection and training of drivers; safe procedures (vehicle suitability, loading and discharge procedures, vehicle routing, vehicle parking, safety equipment, first-aid equipment, marking of vehicles and packages, etc.); emergency procedure; United Kingdom legislation. Appendices contain: safety checklists; example of safe procedure for discharging a flammable liquid from a tank truck by pump; sample markings and labels.
Chemical Industries Association Ltd., Alembic House, 93 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7TU, United Kingdom, 1973. 41p. Illus. 36 ref. Price: £0.75.

CIS 74-1968 Mayer H.
Dangerous goods, characteristics, packing and road transport
Gefährliche Güter, Eigenschaften, Verpackungen und Transport auf der Strasse [in German]
A review of German legislation concerning the road transport of dangerous goods is followed by a study of the European agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by road (ADR). Appendix A of the ADR gives a list of hazardous substances and Appendix B contains provisions relating to the construction, equipment and utilisation of vehicles, tanks and containers intended for the transport of these substances. A discussion of the physical states of the substances is followed by a review of the 14 hazard classes in the ADR. For each class, the properties, method of packaging and ways and means of road transport are described.
Heft 17, Moderne Unfallverhütung, Vulkan-Verlag, Haus der Technik, 43 Essen, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 1973, p.109-120. Illus.

CIS 74-2077 Neagu V.
Ergonomic aspects of effort by workers operating soil compacting equipment in the construction of forest roads
Aspecte ergonomice privitoare la efortul mecanicilor de pe utilajele de compactare a drumurilor forestiere [in Romanian]
Comments on the "unilateral stress" encountered in certain tasks, which leads to subnormal demands on all functions not directly linked to the work being performed. This phenomenon is giving rise to a problem today in Romania in the construction of forest roads, where it is considered to be a causative factor in the rising trend in occupational accidents (25% higher in 1972 than in 1971). The operation of soil compacting equipment induces fatigue as a result of unilateral stress and other factors (e.g. engine noise) which affect attention and vigilance; this was demonstrated by tests carried out by the author, who recommends that workers should be trained to operate different types of equipment and be transferred at intervals to different work.
Revista pădurilor, May 1973, Vol.88, No.5, p.265-269. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 74-2005 Manfredi E.
Considerations on safety and comfort in agricultural mechanisation, with particular regard to agricultural tractors
Considerazioni sulla sicurezza e sul comfort nella meccanizzazione agricola con particolare riguardo al trattore agricolo [in Italian]
The author describes the present state of mechanisation of agriculture in Italy and outlines trends in its progress with statistical data. He examines in detail the factors affecting safety and comfort in tractors and other agricultural machinery, and studies the conditions for the approval of agricultural machinery from the point of view of safety and comfort in conformity with the Italian highway code and OECD directives, mainly dealing with stability, steering, noise, lighting, vibrations and exhaust fumes. He emphasises the necessity to enhance accident prevention in agriculture by co-ordinating more efficiently the action being taken by the various bodies concerned.
Securitas, 1973, No.5-6, p.517-539.

CIS 74-1715 Ajzenštat B.A., Osoveckaja C.M., Anan'ina V.M., Karpačeva O.F.
The thermal balance of tractor drivers in cotton farming during the hot season
Teplovoe sostojanie mehanizatorov hlopkovodstva v žarkij period goda [in Russian]
Study of climatic conditions in tractor cabs and measurement of parameters characterising drivers' thermal load (skin temperature, stroke volume, cardiac output, speed of processing information, etc.). The thermal balance of persons not protected against solar radiation and of persons protected by a cab were calculated from the results. The period during which the least favourable thermal conditions occur is between 13 and 17h in June and July; this should be taken into account in planning the working day. It is also suggested that showers should be installed on agricultural machinery, screens should be set up along field borders to shelter workers during breaks, and light work clothing should be supplied.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Oct. 1973, No.10, p.8-11. 3 ref.

CIS 74-1713 Barthélémy J.
Frames and cabins for agricultural tractors to protect the driver in case of overturning
Cadres et cabines de tracteur agricole susceptibles d'éviter au conducteur d'être écrasé en cas de renversement de l'engin. [in French]
This article gives in tabular form the complete list, as of end Sep. l973, of safety frames and cabs tested in various European countries. The list indicates the designation of the protective frame or cab, the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) test number, the designation of the tractor to which it can be adapted, and the country where the tests were carried out. The use of these protective frames or cabs has already been made mandatory in several countries, such as Denmark, Finland, Germany (Federal Republic), Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland, Norway and Sweden.
Bulletin d'information du Centre national d'études et d'expérimentation de machinisme agricole, Nov. 1973, No.190, p.15-22.

CIS 74-1373 Niveau J., Painchaux J.
Fatal ethylenediamine poisoning
Intoxication mortelle par éthylène diamine. [in French]
As a result of faulty operation, a 36-year-old worker was splashed by a jet of ethylenediamine and inhaled its vapours for several minutes. He died of cardiac collapse 55 h after the accident as a result of early chemical crush syndrome due to the transcutaneous and pulmonary absorption of this substance; lysis of the erythrocytes had caused tubular nephritis with anuria and fatal hyperkaliaemia. Detailed clinical description of the case and review of the toxic properties of ethylenediamine. Immediate replacement transfusion appears to be the most suitable treatment in such cases.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, Sep. 1973, Vol.34, No.9, p.523-528. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 74-1454 Laffont H.
Study of the frequency of traffic accidents in relation to age in a group of Parisian taxi drivers
Etude de la fréquence des accidents de la circulation en fonction de l'âge dans un groupe de chauffeurs de taxis parisiens. [in French]
The conclusions of this study, which covered 1,135 Parisian taxi drivers who worked for at least 3 months in 1970, are as follows: the frequency of accidents not involving driver liability does not vary appreciably in relation to the driver's age, whereas the contrary is true of accidents where the driver is partly at fault; the youngest drivers have the highest accident rate; the lowest incidence is in the age bracket 40-44 years, it increases as from 45 years but diminishes after 60 years. Accident prevention is achieved above all by medical check-ups to discover physical incapacity rendering the subject unfit to keep or obtain a driving licence.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, Sep. 1973, Vol.34, No.9, p.511-522. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 74-1366 Hommel G.
Handbook on dangerous goods
Handbuch der gefährlichen Güter [in German]
This new instalment comprises separate data sheets on 202 additional hazardous substances. The new alphabetical index, which covers the 1st and 2nd instalments, contains the common names and synonyms of 414 substances in English, French and German. Apart from the formula and names of the substance, each data sheet provides information on the following points: physical properties; international regulations relating to transport by water, rail, road and air; appearance and smell; hazards related to the release of the substances and to their mixing with the atmosphere and water; health hazards and maximum allowable concentrations; safety measures to be taken in the danger zone in case of incident; first aid; medical notes. A graphic symbol called the "danger diamond" (diamond shape indicating the fire, explosion and health hazards) provides quick information on the degree of hazard for a given substance. A list of indicator tubes and lists of competent centres and hospitals for treating cases of poisoning and burns are appended.
Springer Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, 1 Berlin 33 (Westsektoren), 2nd instalment, Nov. 1973. 322p. (not paginated). 400 ref. Price: DM.78.00.

CIS 74-1419 Rotary tillers and motor hoes - Safety rules
Motoculteurs et motohoues - Règles de sécurité. [in French]
This standard, approved by decree on 22 Nov. 1973, is based on studies conducted by the European Committee of Associations of Manufacturers of Agricultural Machinery (CEMA) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It covers: guarding of tilling rotors, handlebar length, uncoupling mechanism of the motor and wheel drives.
Approved French Standard NF U 15-101, French Standards Association (Association française de normalisation), Tour Europe, Cedex 7, 92080 Paris-la-Défense, France, Dec. 1973. 2p.

CIS 74-1452 Rohmert W., Jenik P.
The harmonogram as a method for studying man-vehicle-work relationships
Das Harmonogramm als Methode zur Untersuchung der Beziehungen Mensch-Fahrzeug-Arbeit [in German]
The harmonogram is a schematic and graphic representation, as a function of time, of the succession of movements of the vehicle driver's remote extremities and of the succession of his observations. The analysis of the harmonogram leads to engineering and ergonomic improvements. Commentary on this study method, followed by the results of studies carried out at engine-drivers' posts on the German Federal Railways. The most complex operational phase (50% of all operations) is braking, followed by acceleration (25%). The required simultaneousness of operations results in reducing the time which is available to the driver for decision and action.
Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Präventivmedizin, Nov. 1973, Vol.8, No.11, p.249-254. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 74-1004 Chaney R.B., McClain S.C., Harrison R.
Relation of noise measurements to temporary threshold shift in snowmobile users.
Noise measurements were carried out at the ear level of 18 snowmobile operators; audiometric examinations indicate that temporary threshold shifts of varying degrees occurred in 87% of the operators after operational periods as short as 30 min. Sound levels at full throttle were as high as 114 dBA (90 dBA with the engine running idle). Results of sound level tests on 23 models of snowmobile are tabulated.
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1973, Vol.54, No.5, p.1219-1223. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 74-1101 Two-wheeled tractors with attachments
Tweewielige trekkers met aanbouwwerktuigen [in Dutch]
A review of the hazards involved in the use of 2-wheeled tractors and their attachments in agriculture and horticulture is followed by rules for the safe design and construction of 2-wheeled tractors, rotary ploughs, rotary spaders, rotary hoes, mowing attachments and trailers. The data sheet also contains recommendations on safe working methods and reproduces the relevant Netherlands regulations.
P no 133, Labour Inspectorate, Directorate General of Labour (Arbeidsinspectie, Directoraat-Generaal van de Arbeid), Postbus 69, Voorburg, Netherlands, 1973. 10p. Illus. Price: Glds.O.50.

CIS 74-995 Hansson J.E., Suggs C.W.
The effect of low-frequency vibration on control capabilities in drivers
Lågfrekventa vibrationers effekt på reglagemanövrering [in Swedish]
The effect of sinusoidal low-frequency vertical vibrations on work with pedal and hand lever controls was studied on 10 male and 10 female volunteers under standard conditions. The results show that control capability is affected already at frequencies of 2-2.5 Hz and vibration amplitudes of 10 mm. The factors "work position" and "control resistance" had a significant effect on the results of tracking tasks. The best results for work with levers and pedals in respect to tracking error amplitude, offset, delay and accommodation time were usually obtained with control resistances of 0.5 to 2.7 kgf for the levers and of 2.3 kgf for the pedals. No differences were found between work with the left and right levers.
Rapport nr 63-1973, Royal College of Forestry (Skogshögskolan), Stockholm, Sweden, 1973. 22p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: Swe-cr.5.00.

CIS 74-1107 Hansson J.E., Klusell L., Pettersson B., Svensson A.
Work posts on forestry machines
Skogsmaskinen som arbetsplats [in Swedish]
Investigation into the ergonomic characteristics of 13 logging and earthmoving machines, and ergonomic recommendations. Deficiencies from the ergonomic point of view were found as regards accessibility for maintenance work, access to driver's cab, cab layout, operator's work postures, visibility, lighting, and cabin microclimate in summer. When compared with the results of a similar study undertaken in 1967, improvements were observed as regards the driver's seat, noise, lighting and cab dimensions.
Redogörelse nr 3-1973, Logging Research Foundation (Forskningsstiftelsen Skogsarbeten), Drottninggatan 97, S-113 60 Stockholm, Sweden, June 1973. 52p. Illus. 19 ref. Price: Swe-cr.29.00.

CIS 74-903 Road transport in factories.
Recommendations are laid down for the safe operation of motorised vehicles within factory boundaries. Individual sections are devoted to: roads and parking areas (design and layout of road systems within the factory confines, provision of special routes and crossings for pedestrians, parking areas, road surfaces; road maintenance, lighting, speed limits, road signs); vehicle safety (types of vehicle in common use, vehicle design, vehicle maintenance); transport drivers (driver selection, driver training, safe driving practices); special transport hazards (reversing, pushing, load tipping, loading and unloading, falls from vehicles and loads, vehicle parking, carrying of passengers in an unauthorised manner, passage of vehicles under overhead power lines).
Technical Data Note 44, H.M. Factory Inspectorate, Department of Employment, London. H.M. Stationery Office, P.O. Box 569, London S.E.1, United Kingdom, 1973. 11p. Illus. Gratis.

CIS 74-829 Suppelt H.J.
In-plant traffic, an accident black spot in earth and road works
Der innerbetriebliche Verkehr - der Unfallschwerpunkt beim Erd- und Strassenbau [in German]
Hazards, typical working processes, continual site changing, high personnel turnover and particular strains on drivers due to vibration, dust and bad weather are described in reference to earth and road works. An extensive account is given of the hazards of reversing vehicles and the related accidents, appropriate legislation and safety engineering measures. The duties of drivers, vehicle maintenance and the unfavourable influence of piece work are also discussed. The important role of supervisors in accident prevention is stressed.
Tiefbau-Berufsgenossenschaft, Sep. 1973, Vol.85, No.9, p.464-473. Illus.

CIS 74-691 Pierson W.R., Mahé J.E.
Noise and the highway patrolman.
A study to determine the effect of routine patrol activity on hearing acuity. 15 patrol car officers and 4 motorcycle officers were investigated. Audiograms were recorded just before a patrol and immediately upon return from a patrol of approximately 5 h. The study revealed that the subjects began their duty with a hearing loss characteristic of that due to acoustic trauma, indicating that the permanent threshold had been degraded by previous noise exposures. It was also evident from the data that the patrol caused temporary hearing loss. A rigorous hearing conservation programme appears to be advisable for those engaged in highway patrol duties.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1973, Vol.15, No.11, p.892-893. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 74-688 Tyler D.A.
Noise and the truck drivers.
The exposure of diesel truck drivers to noise was evaluated in numerous custom-built conventional cab vehicles (not with cab over engine). The source and nature of the noise, noise measurement procedure, noise reduction techniques and the noise reduction achieved are reviewed. Maximum allowable noise level specifications of 88 and 85 dBA within the cab were attained by the manufacturers at minimal cost and vehicle weight increase. The most effective combination of noise reduction techniques achieved a maximum level of 82 dBA, with less than 80 dBA for more than 90% of the exposure time.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1973, Vol.34, p.345-349. Illus.

CIS 74-524 Bühler W.
The WKS quick coupling system - A solution for the future?
Le système d'accouplement rapide WKS représente-t-il la solution de l'avenir ? [in French]
Detailed description of a quick-action power take-off for tractor-drawn agricultural machinery and trailers. The principal element of this new 3 point linkage system is a coupling plate fixed to the machinery towed. The tractor is fitted with a standard gripping and interlocking device into which the coupling plate fits. a driving plate with 6 spring-loaded pins is fixed to the spline end of the power take-off shaft. This system facilitates the tractor-driver's work and reduces hazards considerably. There is also an estimated time saving of 80%.
Technique agricole, Sep. 1973, Vol.35, No.12, p.603-606. Illus.

CIS 74-342 Hosni F.A.
Compressed air injury of the eyeball - Report of six cases.
An account of the type of eye injury due to compressed-air blast sustained by 6 male service-station workers. Adequate training of air-hose users is advocated, together with eye protection by goggles.
Archives of Environmental Health, July 1973, Vol.27, No.1, p.11. 4 ref.

CIS 74-551 Speizer F.E., Ferris B.G., Burgess W., DiBerardinis L.J.
Exposure to automobile exhaust - 1. Prevalence of respiratory symptoms and disease - 2. Pulmonary function measurements - 3. An environmental assessment.
This article in 3 parts describes how the prevalence of chronic non-specific respiratory disease was assessed in a population of 268 policemen exposed to a spectrum of levels of automobile exhaust. Pulmonary function tests were performed and hair lead concentration measured. Data are presented in tabular form to show that the men represent comparable groups and that smoking and to a lesser extent traffic exposure are associated factors in the development of respiratory disease. Annual medical assessment and seasonal environmental assessments are planned to permit prospective evaluation of the effects of chronic exposure to automobile exhaust.
Archives of Environmental Health, June 1973, Vol.26, No.6, p.313-329. 31 ref.

CIS 74-232 Reversing - Visibility - Signaller
Rückwärtsfahrt - Sicht - Einweiser [in German]
Research into the causes of accidents due to lorries driven in reverse. The legal situation is expounded, and the article indicates what is required of the employer or building contractor, and of the worker giving signals to the driver. The legislation regarding built-in safety devices in vehicles is explained. If these working rules were observed, the number of fatal accidents due to vehicles reversing could be substantially reduced. These rules also apply to other types of vehicles used in construction work, such as excavators, loaders and earthmoving equipment.
Tiefbau-Berufsgenossenschaft, Mar. 1973, Vol.85, No.3, p.115-118. Illus.

CIS 74-230 Cambie.
Safety in pits for inspecting and servicing motor vehicles
La sécurité dans les fosses de visite pour véhicules automobiles. [in French]
Communication submitted to the Joint Regional Technical Committee on Transport and Materials Handling. Accidents occurring in these pits are mainly due to falls (hazard increased by oily floors), explosions, fires and poisoning by the accumulation of exhaust gases and fuel vapours. The corresponding preventive measures are indicated; it is important to cover the pits when not in use.
Caisse régionale d'assurance maladie du Nord de la France, 11 boulevard Vauban, 59024 Lille Cedex, France, 10 May 1973. 7p. Gratis.

CIS 74-200 Ayres S.M., Evans R., Licht D., Griesbach J., Reimold F., Ferrand E.F., Criscitiello A.
Health effects of exposure to high concentrations of automotive emissions - Studies in bridge and tunnel workers in New York City.
In 1970, a 3-year study was initiated of all non-administrative employees of the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority, an organisation responsible for the operation of 2 tunnels and 7 bridges in New York City, to ascertain the effects of automotive pollutants on human health. This article gives detailed information collected during the first 2 years of observation. A programme of toll booth air purification was completed early in the second year of the study, so that subsequent investigations should permit examination of the effect on human health of sudden decreases in automotive pollutants.
Archives of Environmental Health, Sep. 1973, Vol.27, No.3, p.168-178. Illus. 20 ref.

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