Human trafficking migration and forced labour

2007

1. “I Forzati del Mare” (The Forced labourers of the sea), Valter Zanin (In Italian only)

   01 December 2007

   This book is about forced labour in maritime carg osector and about the difficulties to estimate the numbers of active seafarers within the complex patterns if multinational merchant crews in the XX and XXI centuries. The author tries to calculate the minimum estimate of seafarers compelled in various ways to work, according (and sometimes discussing) the ILO definition of forced labour. The blacklisting in the shipping sector is a form of forcing workers to accept degrading jobs and not only an attack to freedom of association. He explains that the problem of forced labour is not so easily related to the flagging out and the expansion of the flags of convenience.

2. “Trafficking in Human Beings”, Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces

   01 November 2007

   This report brings answers to the following questions: What is and how to identify a trafficked person? How and why does trafficking occur? What are the links between trafficking and organised crime? What are the main challenges to address trafficking? What are the regional and international instruments?

3. “COLLATERAL DAMAGE - The Impact of Anti-Trafficking Measures on Human Rights around the World”, Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women GAATW

   01 November 2007

   This anthology reviews the experience of eight countries (Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, India, Nigeria, Thailand, UK and USA) and attempts to assess what the impact of anti-trafficking measures have been, specifically on people’s human rights. Each chapter mentions numerous examples of laws or government policies which have negative consequences for some of the very people they are intended to benefit, focusing on the impact of three different types of measure: policies to assist and protect trafficked persons provided they cooperate with law enforcement officials; anti-trafficking measures affecting migrants and others; and thirdly, the misuse of the concept of ‘trafficking’ to further the political agendas of governments.

4. “Ending Slavery", Kevin Bales

   01 June 2007

   The book stresses that slavery is not a matter of duration, as it is not necessarily a permanent condition. It’s characterized by the control of a person, through restriction of housing, food supply and movement and by the use or threat of violence. Slavery has grown because it means cheap labour, cheaper than former slaves, because the victims have no other survival options and because corruption allows it to take place. The author praises SAP-FL action against forced labour and researches which "helped to bring the subject to the notice of governements".

2006

1. People trafficking: upholding rights and understanding vulnerabilities - Forced Migration Review (Issue 25)

   01 May 2006

   Forced Migration Review (FMR) is a magazine published by the Refugee Studies Centre of the Department of International Development, University of Oxford.

2005

1. “Combating Trafficking in Human Beings through the practice of domestic courts”, All for fair trials

   12 March 2005

   This report looks at measures taken to protect trafficked people in ten different countries: Belgium, Colombia, Italy, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Poland, Thailand, Ukraine, United Kingdom and the United States.

2002

1. Human traffic human rights: redefining victim protection

   01 March 2002

   This report looks at measures taken to protect trafficked people in ten different countries: Belgium, Colombia, Italy, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Poland, Thailand, Ukraine, United Kingdom and the United States.

2000

1. UN Palermo Protocol

   01 January 2000

   Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, supplementing the United Nations convention against transnational organized crime