Slavery and debt bondage

2008

1. Investigating forced labour and trafficking: Do they exist in Zambia?

   24 September 2008

   This research project was undertaken in response to an approach by the Zambian Ministry of Labour and Social Security (MLSS) to the International Labour Office (ILO) to request assistance to look into the possible existence of forced labour practices in Zambia. In particular, MLSS had become concerned about the practices of some recruitment agencies, which were acting as ‘labour brokers’ in the mining sector. These agencies were thought to be exploiting jobseekers after they had been placed into employment, by retaining a significant part of their wages as a placement fee. MLSS’ concern arose following the lodging of complaints by workers over non-payment of terminal benefits, with neither the client company nor the recruitment agency accepting responsibility for the payment.

2006

1. Review of legislation and policies in Nigeria on Human Trafficking and Forced Labour

   01 January 2006

   An essential part of the Action Programme against Trafficking and Forced Labour in West Africa (PATWA) is to advocate for a legislative and policy framework in Nigeria and Ghana that enables the government and other national stakeholders to effectively combat trafficking in men, women and children for purposes of labour or sexual exploitation.

2005

1. Bonded Labour in India: its Incidence and Pattern

   06 January 2005

   Extensive research from the recent literature on bonded labour, compiling evidence from academic sources, the Government of India, the National Human Rights Commission, other NGOs and press reports.

2. Bonded labour in Bolivia

   03 January 2005

   (Only available in Spanish) Este estudio presenta los resultados de una investigación en Bolivia, encargada por un antropólogo y un científico social, sobre el trabajo forzoso en la zafra de azúcar en Santa Cruz, la castaña en el norte amazónico boliviano y las comunidades cautivas del Chaco.

3. Bonded labour in Paraguay

   03 January 2005

   (Only available in Spanish) A través del presente informe, la OIT pretende dar respuesta a la petición del Gobierno de Paraguay de establecer de manera objetiva los hechos relativos al trabajo forzoso y la discriminación que sufren los indígenas en el Chaco paraguayo. Este tipo de trabajo forzoso, es a menudo una manifestación de un patrón más amplio de discriminación hacia los indígenas. Es importante señalar, que el trabajo forzoso existe en una minoría de las haciendas del Chaco.

4. Forced Labour In Peru

   03 January 2005

   (Only available in Spanish) Este estudio presenta los resultados de una investigación, encargada por un antropólogo y un científico social, sobre la existencia del trabajo forzoso en Perú.

2004

1. A Rapid Assessment of Bonded Labour in Pakistan's Mining Sector

   03 January 2004

   This paper, written by Mr Ahmad Salim, of the Sustainable Development Policy Institute in Islamabad, deals with bonded labour in Pakistan’s mining sector.

2. A rapid assessment of bonded labour in hazardous industries in Pakistan: glass bangle-making, tanneries and construction

   03 January 2004

   This paper examines labour arrangements and bonded labour in three hazardous industrial sectors in Pakistan: construction, glass bangle-making and tanneries. The research and analysis was undertaken by a team of researchers from the Collective for Social Science Research in Karachi. The same team also investigated domestic work and begging, the results of which are reported in another Working Paper.

3. A rapid assessment of bonded labour in domestic work and begging in Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This paper examines labour arrangements and bonded labour in domestic work and begging. The research and analysis was undertaken by a team of researchers from the Collective for Social Science Research in Karachi. The same team also investigated domestic work and begging, the results of which are reported in another Working Paper.

4. A rapid assessment of bonded labour in the carpet industry of Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This paper , written by Dr Zafar Mueen Nasir, of the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics in Islamabad, deals with on bonded labour in Pakistan’s carpet-weaving sector.

5. Unfree labour in Pakistan: work, debt and bondage in brick kilns

   03 January 2004

   This paper on bonded labour in Pakistan’s brick sector was prepared by a team of researchers / activists from the Pakistan Institute of Labour Education and Research (PILER) in Karachi.

6. Bonded Labour in agriculture: a rapid assessment in Punjab and North West frontier province, Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This Working Paper is one of a series of Rapid Assessments of bonded labour in Pakistan, each of which examines a different economic sector. Dr G. M. Arif, of the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) in Islamabad, is the author of this paper on bonded labour in the agriculture sector in Punjab and North West Frontier Province.

7. Bonded Labour in agriculture: a rapid assessment in Sindh and Balochistan, Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This Working Paper is one of a series of Rapid Assessments of bonded labour in Pakistan, each of which examines a different economic sector. The aim of these studies is to inform the implementation of the Government of Pakistan’s National Policy and Plan of Action for the Abolition of Bonded Labour, adopted in 2001. Maliha Hussein and her collaborators were responsible for preparation of this paper on bonded labour in the agriculture sector in Sindh and Balochistan provinces. It should be read in conjunction with a companion paper that covers Punjab and North West Frontier Province.

2001

1. Bonded labour in Pakistan

   01 June 2001

   This paper, based upon interviews with Government and non-governmental sources in Pakistan, as well as a survey of several thousand sharecropping tenant families in rural Sindh, was written as background material for the first ILO Global Report under the Declaration Follow-Up on the subject of Forced Labour.