Human trafficking migration and forced labour

2008 

• Human Trafficking And Forced Labour - Case studies and responses from Portugal - [pdf 6909 KB]
  The objective of the book is to study the phenomena of labour exploitation and forced labour to which immigrants and, in particular, victims of human trafficking, are subjected in Portugal. It also sheds light on the treatment of Portuguese emigrants in select destination countries.

2007 

• Guide to Private Employment Agencies: Regulation, Monitoring and Enforcement - [pdf 635 KB]
  This Guide provides guidance to national legislators in drafting legal frameworks in line with ILO Convention No. 181 and Recommendation No. 188. It is rich in many examples of country legislation from both developed and developing countries.
• General Survey concerning the Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29), and the Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105)
  The Survey by the Committee of Experts of the national legislation and practice on forced labour. In spite of the universal condemnation of forced labour and the adoption of constitutional and legislative provisions abolishing it, forced or compulsory labour practices unfortunately continue to exist and many people around the world are still subjected to it.

2006 

• Globalization and the illicit market for human trafficking: an empirical analysis of supply and demand - [pdf 241 KB]
  This working paper studies the determinants of trafficking for forced sexual exploitation, at a cross-country econometric analysis.
• Legal aspects of trafficking for forced labour purposes in Europe - [pdf 625 KB]
  With numerous case examples of law and judicial practice from Europe, and some other countries, Rohit Malpani painstakingly reviews the present gaps in identification and prosecution of trafficking for forced labour cases, as well as deficiencies in approaches to prevention and to compensation for the abuses suffered by the victims of trafficking.
• Trafficking for forced labour – how to monitor the recruitment of migrant workers - [pdf 598 KB]
  This training manual aims to raise awareness amongst labour inspectors, police, government officials, employers’ organizations, trade unions, and others, on the issues of trafficking, forced labour and job placement systems. More specifically, it focuses on the recruitment of migrant workers into highly exploitative situations that could amount to forced labour.

2005 

• Trafficking for labour and sexual exploitation in Germany - [pdf 270 KB]
  Germany is an important destination contry for migrant workers from all over the world. Many of them work on the basis of mutually beneficial agreements made with their employers, but many are forced into submission by deception, threats, abuse, fraud and coercion.
• Forced labour in the Russian Federation today: irregular migration and trafficking in human beings - [pdf 1309 KB]
  Throughout the world, more and more attention is given to the problem of trafficking in human beings. The trade in human beings and the use of slave labour are serious and burning issues which are relevant for Russia at present.
• Forced Labour outcomes of migration from Moldova: rapid assessment - [pdf 501 KB]
  This Working Paper on trafficking for forced labour exploitation was prepared by a team of Moldovan researchers and ILO consultants.
• Trafficking of migrant workers from Ukraine: Issues of labour and sexual exploitation - [pdf 481 KB]
  This paper, prepared by a team of Ukrainian researchers and ILO consultants, argues that trafficking for labour exploitation is an emerging issue affecting labour migration from Ukraine. It also promotes a holistic approach to the eradication of trafficking with the active participation of labour market institutions in national action plans.
• Trafficking of migrant workers from Albania: Issues of labour and sexual exploitation - [pdf 257 KB]
  This paper, prepared by a team of researchers from the International Catholic Migration Commission (ICMC)and ILO consultants, argues that trafficking for labour exploitation is an emerging issue affecting labour migration from Albania. It also promotes a holistic approach to the eradication of trafficking with the active participation of labour market institutions in national action plans.
• Forced Labour and Human trafficking: Estimating the Profits - [pdf 362 KB]
  As part of SAP-FL research on the quantitative and economic dimensions of forced labour and human trafficking, this Paper aims to estimate the magnitude of global profits that are being realized through the exploitation of forced labourers.
• Human trafficking and forced labour exploitation - guidance for legislation and law enforcement - [pdf 383 KB]
  This guide has been designed to provide lawmakers and law enforcement authorities with practical aid to understand and implement international standards on human trafficking and to take action accordingly.
• Trafficking and exploitation of Chinese migrants in France
  (Only available in French) Cette étude porte sur les migrants nouvellement arrivés qui travaillent dans plusieurs secteurs de l'économie souterraine.

2004 

• Trafficking of migrant workers from Romania: Issues of labour and sexual exploitation - [pdf 403 KB]
  This paper, prepared by a team of Romanian researchers under the supervision of Dr. Catalin Ghinarau, and by Mariska N.J. van der Linden, argues that trafficking for labour exploitation is an emerging issue in the region and in particular in Romania.
• Chinese migrants and Forced Labour in Europe - [pdf 138 KB]
  This working paper, by Chinese lawyer Gao Yun, is the result mainly of a desk review drawing on existing literature about Chinese migration to Europe, and of analysis of current Chinese law on trafficking. (Available in French, English and Chinese)
• Human Trafficking in Europe: an Economic Perspective - [pdf 375 KB]
  This paper is a broad mapping survey, placing the concerns of trafficking within broader migration analysis (including the role of irregular migration). It comments on the financial flows involved in trafficking, and on the different patterns of financing trafficking services. ...