General forced labour

2011

1. The good practices of labour inspection in Brazil: the eradication of labour analogous to slavery

   15 April 2011

   This publication was produced under the framework of technical cooperation undertaken between the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the Secretariat of Labour Inspection (SIT). This partnership is embodied in the collection “The Good Practices of Labour Inspection in Brazil,” comprised of four publications on the labour inspection system in Brazil and the Brazilian labour inspection experiences in the following areas: eradication of child labour; combating forced labour; and the maritime sector. The eradication of labour analogous to slavery is today one of the main objectives of the Brazilian agenda for the promotion of human rights. This document presents a synthesis of labour inspection actions of the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE), in cooperation with governmental partners, employer associations, workers’ unions and civil society organizations in the fi ght against this extreme form of labour exploitation.

2009

1. Trade unions and indigenous communities combating forced labour in the Peruvian Amazon region

   15 December 2009

   Case study prepared by Sanna Saarto, ILO’s Programme to Combat Forced Labour, Peru, for the guide to ILO Convention No. 169 “Indigenous and tribal peoples’ rights in practice”, Geneva, ILO, 2009.

2. Labour migration and the emergence of private employment agencies in Tajikistan: A review of current law and practice

   01 December 2009

   Joint publication of the International Labour Organization and the International Organisation for Migration. This study is the first in-depth analysis of the normative framework regulating PrEAs in Tajikistan. It also describes practical experiences of the industry including various abusive practices that require the attention of law makers.

3. Executive Summary "Forced labour: Coercion and exploitation in the private economy"

   19 August 2009

   This co-publication by the ILO and Lynne Rienner is based on more than six years of research and features case studies from Latin America, South Asia, Africa and Europe.

4. Fighting forced labour: the example of Brazil

   15 July 2009

   For some fifteen years, since a new inter-ministerial body was created in 1995 to coordinate action against forced labour, Brazil has been addressing the problem with vigour and determination. It has done so in many ways, involving different government agencies, employers’ and workers’ organizations, civil society, the media, academic organizations and others.

5. 

   The cost of coercion

   12 May 2009

   Forced labour is the antithesis of decent work. The least protected persons, including women and youth, indigenous peoples, and migrant workers, are particularly vulnerable. Modern forced labour can be eradicated with a sustained commitment and resources.

2008

1. Handbook for employers and business – Booklet 7 Case Studies

   22 October 2008

   Selected examples of company and industry action that indicate the variety of approaches business actors can take in addressing forced labour at the workplace and in supply chains.

2. Handbook for employers and business – Booklet 6 Tips for Taking Action

   22 October 2008

   A set of practical reference guides that identify some of the concrete measures and benefits that companies can take to address forced labour and trafficking.

3. Handbook for employers and business – Booklet 5 A Guide for Taking Action

   22 October 2008

   Presents some of the key measures that companies and employers' organisations can take to address forced labour at enterprise, national and industry levels, and in global supply chains.

4. Handbook for employers and business – Booklet 4 A Checklist and Guidance for Assessing Compliance

   22 October 2008

   A checklist designed for social auditors and other practitioners for use in enterprise-level assessments. The tool includes questions as well as policy guidance and technical advice on how to conduct assessments.

5. Handbook for employers and business – Booklet 3 Guiding Principles to Combat Forced Labour

   22 October 2008

   A set of principles based on ILO standards and jurisprudence to guide business action against forced labour and trafficking.

2007

1. Methodologies for global and national estimation of human trafficking victims: current and future approaches

   02 January 2007

   This paper provides a detailed comparison of the methodologies used by the ILO and the US government for computing global estimates, discussing strengths and weaknesses of both methods.

2. Directions for national and international data collection on Forced Labour

   02 January 2007

   This paper provides some ideas and directions as to how the existing gaps in our understanding of the quantitative dimensions of forced labour could be reduced.

2006

1. Training materials for a Global Alliance against Forced Labour

   01 January 2006

   These training materials have been designed to provide training tools on the subject of forced labour. They constitute a tool box from which selections can be made to suit the training need.

2005

1. 

   ILO Minimum Estimate of Forced Labour in the World

   01 April 2005

   The present technical document provides a detailed account of the methodology used in the estimate of forced labour in the world, published in the 2005 Global Report called "A Global Alliance against Forced Labour".

2004

1. Forced Labour: Definition, Indicators and Measurement

   03 January 2004

   This paper represents a first step to estimate the global magnitude of forced labour. It describes the various forms of forced labour in existence, reviews available indicators of forced labour, summarises and discusses some methods that have been used for measurement, and provides some guidance for future work on the subject.

2001

1. Stopping Forced Labour

   01 January 2001

   Forced Labour is universally condemned. Yet the elimination of its numerous forms — old and new, ranging from slavery and debt bondage to trafficking in human beings — remains one of the most complex challenges facing local communities, national governments, employers’ and workers’ organizations and the international community. Tackling this denial of human freedom calls for multidimensional solutions to address the disparate forms that forced labour takes.