Asia

2009

1. Recruitment of Pakistani Workers for Overseas Employment: Mechanisms, Exploitation and Vulnerabilities

   01 July 2009

   This study in Pakistan was commissioned against the backdrop of growing concern globally about the particular vulnerability of both regular and irregular migrant workers to exploitation, trafficking and forced labour. It was undertaken to inform dialogue between Asian sender and Middle Eastern destination countries, at a Gulf Forum on Temporary Contractual Labour held in Abu Dhabi in early 2008, along with a sister study addressing similar questions in Bangladesh.

2. Unravelling the vicious cycle of recruitment

   29 May 2009

   This study in Bangladesh was commissioned against the backdrop of growing concern globally about the particular vulnerability of both regular and irregular migrant workers to exploitation, trafficking and forced labour. It was undertaken to inform dialogue between Asian sender and Middle Eastern destination countries, at a Gulf Forum on Temporary Contractual Labour, held in Abu Dhabi in early 2008, along with a sister study addressing similar questions in Pakistan. While provisional findings were first presented at that time, we are now pleased to publish the full findings of the research, following the launch of the ILO’s third global report on forced labour, entitled “The cost of coercion” on 12 May 2009.

2005

1. Bonded Labour in India: its Incidence and Pattern

   06 January 2005

   Extensive research from the recent literature on bonded labour, compiling evidence from academic sources, the Government of India, the National Human Rights Commission, other NGOs and press reports.

2. Human Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation in Japan

   01 January 2005

   The present publication focuses on the severe problems of sexual exploitation, given that this appears to be the main issue of concern in Japan today. It aims to present a clearer profile of human trafficking: the victims, the abuses they suffer, and the deceptions used by traffickers. It focuses primarily on the experiences of victims in order to better understand the push and pull factors of trafficking, providing details on both the situation in three main countries of origin (Colombia, the Philippines and Thailand) and the social and legal factors that make Japan a profitable market in particular for organized crime groups.

2004

1. A Rapid Assessment of Bonded Labour in Pakistan's Mining Sector

   03 January 2004

   This paper, written by Mr Ahmad Salim, of the Sustainable Development Policy Institute in Islamabad, deals with bonded labour in Pakistan’s mining sector.

2. A rapid assessment of bonded labour in hazardous industries in Pakistan: glass bangle-making, tanneries and construction

   03 January 2004

   This paper examines labour arrangements and bonded labour in three hazardous industrial sectors in Pakistan: construction, glass bangle-making and tanneries. The research and analysis was undertaken by a team of researchers from the Collective for Social Science Research in Karachi. The same team also investigated domestic work and begging, the results of which are reported in another Working Paper.

3. A rapid assessment of bonded labour in domestic work and begging in Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This paper examines labour arrangements and bonded labour in domestic work and begging. The research and analysis was undertaken by a team of researchers from the Collective for Social Science Research in Karachi. The same team also investigated domestic work and begging, the results of which are reported in another Working Paper.

4. A rapid assessment of bonded labour in the carpet industry of Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This paper , written by Dr Zafar Mueen Nasir, of the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics in Islamabad, deals with on bonded labour in Pakistan’s carpet-weaving sector.

5. Unfree labour in Pakistan: work, debt and bondage in brick kilns

   03 January 2004

   This paper on bonded labour in Pakistan’s brick sector was prepared by a team of researchers / activists from the Pakistan Institute of Labour Education and Research (PILER) in Karachi.

6. Bonded Labour in agriculture: a rapid assessment in Punjab and North West frontier province, Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This Working Paper is one of a series of Rapid Assessments of bonded labour in Pakistan, each of which examines a different economic sector. Dr G. M. Arif, of the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) in Islamabad, is the author of this paper on bonded labour in the agriculture sector in Punjab and North West Frontier Province.

7. Bonded Labour in agriculture: a rapid assessment in Sindh and Balochistan, Pakistan

   03 January 2004

   This Working Paper is one of a series of Rapid Assessments of bonded labour in Pakistan, each of which examines a different economic sector. The aim of these studies is to inform the implementation of the Government of Pakistan’s National Policy and Plan of Action for the Abolition of Bonded Labour, adopted in 2001. Maliha Hussein and her collaborators were responsible for preparation of this paper on bonded labour in the agriculture sector in Sindh and Balochistan provinces. It should be read in conjunction with a companion paper that covers Punjab and North West Frontier Province.

2001

1. Bonded labour in Pakistan

   01 June 2001

   This paper, based upon interviews with Government and non-governmental sources in Pakistan, as well as a survey of several thousand sharecropping tenant families in rural Sindh, was written as background material for the first ILO Global Report under the Declaration Follow-Up on the subject of Forced Labour.