Etiopía

Rapid assessment of poverty impact

The impact of the employment-intensive approach and as with other development interventions on poverty has not been sufficiently documented. This largely due to the general inadequacy of information to generate profiles describing the poverty situation in a given areas. Moreover, the causal effects on poverty have very seldom been investigated, even in the case of projects having poverty reduction as a clearly stated objective. As a way to address the concern for lack of a methodology for the assessment of poverty impact, the ILO Employment-intensive Investment Branch (EMP/INVEST) has engaged in a research effort to develop procedures and methods to provide information on the evolution of the poverty situation on employment-intensive rural infrastructure development programmes and projects. This has lead to the development of the Rapid Assessment of Poverty Impacts (RAPI) methodology. The ILO Sub-Regional Office, Addis Ababa in collaboration with EMP/INVEST have finalized a field test of the RAPI methodology in Tigray, Ethiopia as part of the rural roads project under the Emergency Recovery Programme.

Road Sector Development Programme

Currently ten-year Road Sector Development Programme to rehabilitate and upgrade the classified road network is underway. The programme aims at creating a conducive environment for the development of the road sector by introducing a series of policy and institutional reforms as well as improving transport links in the country. The major donors to the programme are World Bank, the Department for International Development, UK ( DFID) and the European Union (EU). It is expected that the private sector will be involved in labour-based road works, in addition to a continued support to the labour-based rehabilitation brigades.

Emergency Recovery Programme

The Government of Ethiopia with funding from the World Bank is implementing an Emergency Recovery Programme (ERP) to reinstate the infrastructure destroyed and damaged during the war with Eritrea. The two-year Programme will involve the emergency improvement of rural roads in the Tigray region. The ILO was commissioned in March 2003 to provide consultancy services for the construction supervision of approximately 500 kms of rural roads. ILO will also train and build the capacity of the staff of government and local private contractors.

Labour-based Rehabilitation Brigades

Between 1981 and 1987, the ILO assisted the Ethiopian Transport and Construction Authority in establishing labour-based rehabilitation brigades. The technical assistance component of this work was funded under World Bank road sector credits. The results of this experience were very positive and received strong support from the Government and the World Bank.

Tigray and South Wollo Regions Road Improvement Project

The ILO participated in the preparation of a road improvement project in Tigray and South Wollo Regions. The project started in late 1997 with financing from the Italian Government and technical assistance from the ILO. Capacity building of the Regional Rural Roads Authorities responsible for the road improvement works was an important element of the project. The project also served as a testing ground for the introduction of labour-based routine maintenance by local contractors.

Rural Travel and Transport Programme

The ILO Sub-Regional Office in Addis in collaboration with ASIST facilitated development of ERTTP implementation manuals and the review and appraisal of Phase one activities of the Ethiopian Rural Travel and Transport Programme (ERTTP) in 2002. The Department for International Development, UK (DFID) and Ireland Aid have pledged funds to support the execution of the programme. The purpose of the programme is to increase poor people's access and mobility, through developing and testing a methodology for planning and managing travel and transport interventions in selected woredas, in all eight regions of the country.

Urban Upgrading Works

In 2002, at the request of Amhara Regional government, the ILO (ASIST and SRO-Addis) provided technical assistance to the formulation of a programme that recommends the adoption of the use of labour-based approach in the provision of infrastructure in the urban sector. The Amhara Region has submitted the document to potential funding agencies.

Collaboration with the University of Addis Ababa

The Faculty of Technology of The University of Addis Ababa, and the ILO have been collaborating on a programme to introduce labour-based technology into the curricula at undergraduate and postgraduate level.

Más información

• Labour-based maintenance of federal roads in Ethiopia - PDF 549 Kb
  Agingu, J., in ASIST Bulletin Issue no. 17. March 2004. Harare. ILO/ASIST
• Rapi Baseline Survey - Final Assessment Report (Ethiopia)
  ILO, 2003

• Capacity building project for management of urban infrastructure upgrading using labour-based methods, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Concept paper
  ILO ASIST/SRO Addis, 2002Tigray and Wollo road rehabilitation project (TWRRP). Project evaluation. Ethiopian Road Authority Ethiopia. 2001

• Labour-based road construction and maintenance programme project ETH/87/01A/IDA - Final report
  J. Marshall, International Labour Office (ILO); Ethiopian Transport Construction Authority, Rural Roads Department
• Demonstration project of labour based rural road construction and maintenance in Ethiopia - Final report
  Project ETH/84/02A/IDA, Ethiopian Transport Construction Authority, Rural Roads Department

• Ethiopia: Tigray and Wollo Road Rehabilitation Project. Project document
  1995