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Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries – ((pdf 1.23 MB)
This study jointly prepared by the International Institute for Labour Studies and the Secretariat of the World Trade Organization examines the role of trade and labour policies in promoting better jobs and making developing countries less vulnerable to crises.
It is supported by a novel dataset on informal employment in over 30 countries (see link below).
Dataset - Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries – (xls. 49.0 KB)
Press release
Video (00:06:44)
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The Financial and Economic Crisis: A Decent Work Response – (pdf 788 KB) – (pdf 694 KB)
This report examines policy packages announced in over 40 countries to overcome the global economic crisis. It shows that not enough has been done to reduce the risk of a labour market recession of unprecedented proportions since the Second World War. And it provides an analytical foundation for a global strategy centered around jobs and social protection as crucial drivers of the recovery. The strategy put forth also addresses imbalances and inequalities in the globalization process that led to the crisis.
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A global policy package to address the global crisis - (pdf 10 KB)
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The promise and perils of participatory policy making – (pdf 694 KB)
Lucio Baccaro, Konstantions Papadakis, 2008
This volume explores these questions by contrasting the theoretical underpinnings of participatory governance and deliberation theories with empirical findings from extensive field research in South Africa, a country which has introduced numerous participatory policy making institutions from the early 1990s on. It argues that civil society organizations might be unable to exert real influence over policy making unless they possess mobilization capacities and can exert a credible exit option from participatory structures.
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Income Inequalities in the Age of Financial Globalization - (pdf 1,407 KB)
World of Work Report Report, 2008
In the majority of countries, the incomes of rich people have grown faster than is the case for their poorer counterparts. To what extent is this a problem for society and the economy? How has financial deregulation affected people’s incomes? What can policy makers do to address excessive income inequality and still support employment and economic growth?
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Cross-border social dialogue and agreements: an emerging global industrial relations framework? - (pdf 994 KB)
edited by Konstantions Papadakis, 2008
Globalization has generated a mismatch between the scope of the activities of global actors (such as multinational enterprises, or MNEs), which is increasingly transnational, and that of social actors (such as trade unions, social movements, nongovernmental organizations and consumers’ organizations), which remains largely embedded at national level.In response to this mismatch and in the absence of a state-driven multilateral framework, numerous private initiatives have appeared. International framework agreements (IFAs) have been one response. IFAs are the outcome of negotiations between individual MNEs and global union federations. IFAs aim to establish ongoing relationships between MNEs and such federations, for the benefit of both parties. They are intended to promote principles of labour relations and conditions of work – notably in the area of freedom of association and collective bargaining – and to organize a commonlabour relations framework at cross-border level. The present volume brings together the contributions of 13 specialists in the field of cross-border social dialogue and agreements. They come from both academic and policy-making backgrounds, such that this volume combines scholarly research with lessons learnt through experience.
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Governance, International Law & Corporate Social Responsibility - (pdf 694 KB)
Contributors: RĂ©mi Clavet, Gregorio de Castro, Isabelle Daugareilh, Isabelle Duplessis, Eric Gravel, Hagen HenrĂż
, Jean-Claude Javillier, Marianna Linnik, Sune Skadegaard Thorsen, Yun Gao, Arnold M. Zack, 2008
Governance, International Law, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)”. Such was the theme of a seminar organised on 3-4 July 2006 by the International Institute of Social Studies of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), together with the participation of universities and legal experts. From presentations given and the exchanges which followed, it was apparent that between CSR and the law relations are of both a multiple and complex nature and ought to be analysed with care. Among the questions that were addressed, of particular note were those relating to the definition of CSR from a judicial perspective; the relationship between “hard” and “soft” laws; and actors’ appropriation of international norms, including the link between ethics and sustainable development in the social domain. Potentially important issues for the future were also explored, such as what role could and should international organisations, such as the ILO and its secretariat, play, and whether it is necessary to formulate and adopt new international judicial norms with regard to CSR. (Published in 2008).
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Pursuing decent work goals: Priorities for research - (pdf 234 KB)
by Gerry Rodgers and Christiane Kuptsch, 2008
The present volume has its origins in a research conference on “Decent Work, Social Policy and Development” held from 29 November to 1 December 2006 and organized by the ILO’s International Institute for Labour Studies (IILS). The conference brought together over 150 scholars from different disciplines, ILO staff and participants from government, business and labour. It aimed at strengthening the ties between the ILO and the academic community and gaining new perspectives on the research needs of the Decent Work Agenda. The purpose of this volume is to present the broad research topics arising from these discussions. What comes out is a rich menu of themes that require new analysis. In particular, the growth in underground economy and informal employment is rightly regarded as a key issue which is not properly understood. This is only partly due to difficulties in grasping the phenomenon statistically. Indeed, a more general problem lies with the fact that the conceptual framework for labour market analysis tends to rest on the assumption of regular, stable employment arrangements.
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Tras la crisis: El nuevo rumbo de la polĂtica econĂłmica y laboral en Argentina y su impacto - (pdf 622 KB)
In the wake of the crisis: Argentina’s new economic and labour policy directions and their impact - (pdf 622 KB)
by Marta Novick, Carlos Tomada, Mario Damill, Roberto Frenkel y Roxana Maurizio, 2007
Los dos trabajos de este volumen presentan informaciĂłn detallada y reflexiones analĂticas sobre las nuevas polĂticas adoptadas en la Argentina a raĂz de la crisis econĂłmica de 2001 y el impacto de las mismas. En el primero, Marta Novick y Carlos Tomada estudian el cambio de orientaciĂłn en el modelo de desarrollo en su conjunto, asĂ como el propĂłsito de integrar los objetivos econĂłmicos y sociales en general, y el del trabajo decente en particular, dentro de un marco programático coherente. En el segundo, Mario Damill, Roberto Frenkel y Roxana Mauricio exploran con cierta profundidad una faceta crucial de la mencionada respuesta polĂtica, la relativa a la gestiĂłn macroeconĂłmica. Como se desprende de ambos trabajos, las polĂticas implementadas en la Argentina a partir del año 2003 han estado inspiradas por el concepto de trabajo decente, siendo la primera naciĂłn latinoamericana en incorporarlo como objetivo en sus polĂticas y en su legislaciĂłn laboral.
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Effectivité et efficacité des normes fondamentales et prioritaires de l’OIT: Cas du Bénin et du Togo - (pdf 622 KB)
by Chrysal Aguidioli Kenoukon, 2007
La Déclaration de l'OIT relative aux principes et droits fondamentaux au travail fait obligation aux États Membres de promouvoir et réaliser lesdits principes et droits fondamentaux, même en l'absence de ratification des conventions internationales du travail correspondantes. Ces conventions, dites fondamentales, concernent la liberté d'association et la négociation collective, l'élimination du travail forcé, l'abolition du travail des enfants et l'élimination de la discrimination en matière d'emploi et de profession.
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Trade and Employment - Challenges for Policy Research - (pdf 654 KB)
by Marion Jansen and Eddy Lee, 2007
This study is the outcome of collaborative research between the Secretariat of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the International Labour Office (ILO). It addresses an issue that is of concern to both organizations: the relationship between trade and employment. On the basis of an overview of the existing academic literature, the study provides an impartial view of what can be said, and with what degree of confidence, on the relationship between trade and employment, an often contentious issue of public debate. Its focus is on the connections between trade policies, and labour and social policies and it will be useful for all those who are interested in this debate: academics and policy-makers, workers and employers, trade and labour specialists.
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The new offshoring of jobs and global development - (pdf 654 KB)
by Gary Gereffi, 2007
The volume contains the full text of the 7th ILO Nobel Peace Prize Social Policy Lectures organized by the International Institute for Labour Studies. The lectures given by Professor Gary Gereffi of the Duke University, USA were hosted by the University of West Indies and held at the Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica in December 2005. In all there were three lectures, dealing with the following topics: (i) An overview of the contemporary global labour market; (ii) Global consolidation and industrial upgrading: The promise and perils of development; and (iii) Globalization and the demand for governance. (Published in 2006).
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Merchants of labour - (pdf 654 KB)
Edited by Christiane Kuptsch, 2006
More workers are crossing national borders to look for jobs than ever before. Many migrants seek overseas employment with the help of agents or intermediaries. These "merchants of labour" include relatives who finance a migrant's trip, provide housing and arrange for a job abroad; public employment services; and private recruitment agencies. They also comprise an insalubrious underworld of smugglers and traffickers. The agents who recruit and deploy migrant workers are at the heart of the evolving migration infrastructure, i.e. the network of business and personal ties that is creating a global labour market. This book highlights best practices in the activities and regulation of these merchants of labour as well as innovative strategies to protect migrant workers, underlining the contribution of ILO standards. It covers a broad range of national and regional experiences and puts "merchants of labour" in the wider context of changing employment relationships in globalizing labour markets. (Published in 2006).
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Competing for global talent - (pdf 1.69 MB)
Edited by Christiane Kuptsch and PANG Eng Fong, 2006
Global talent has never been more mobile or sought after. A complex phenomenon that takes many forms, the movement of people with skills includes migrants crossing borders for temporary stays abroad as well as settlement, students moving for degrees and temporary and permanent stays, and even tourists and refugees who decide to stay abroad and use their skills. Countries attracting global talent increase their stock of human and technological skills, and in the past decade many have welcomed foreign professionals and students to redress domestic skill shortages and to quicken economic growth. This book includes general and theoretical papers on skilled migration and also papers on the country experiences of Australia, India, Japan, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It addresses the socio-economic and cultural challenges created by increased mobility in a world where globalizing and localizing forces are at work simultaneously.
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Civil Society, Participatory Governance and Decent Work Objectives: The case of South Africa - (pdf 654 KB)
by Konstantinos Papadakis, 2005
The present study presents the findings of an in-depth research project carried out at the International Institute for Labour Studies from 2003 to 2005, designed to better understand how civil society organizations, working within participatory governance structures, may contribute to the goals of the ILO decent work agenda. The author examines the South African experience which, since the mid-1990s, has become a centre of innovation in public policy making. This study focuses on three areas, all relevant to the decent work agenda: employment and poverty alleviation, health care and HIV-AIDS, and the fight against child labour, and examines the participatory processes set up at the national level in order to formulate and implement policies in these areas. It draws on both a literature review and the perceptions of key policy actors active in these three areas. (Published in 2006).
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Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment: A challenge for a fair globalization? - (pdf 1.34 MB)
edited by Peter Auer, Geneviève Besse and Dominique Méda, 2005
Are job losses and the degradation of working conditions in the developed world due to globalization and the offshoring of jobs? Contrary to popular beliefs and fears, most economic analysis evaluating the long-term and global implications of the internationalization of employment does not support this view. Yet for workers who have been displaced, a positive global and long-term impact does not remove their immediate loss.
The Proceedings of the Third Annecy Symposium, which took place in April 2005, discuss this paradox: globalization may have enhanced the overall well-being of those countries that have participated, and globally reduced poverty, but it looks more and more like a monster that devours jobs as there are few mechanisms to compensate those that have suffered. The book analyses trends and patterns in the internationalization of employment, looks at losers and winners, and proposes new policies of compensation. The latter are based on rights and international labour standards, and on a new effort to build an effective employment adjustment system that accompanies a fair globalization.
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